1 1625 198 DNAM-BASED SIGNATURES OF ACCELERATED AGING AND MORTALITY IN BLOOD ARE ASSOCIATED WITH LOW RENAL FUNCTION. BACKGROUND: THE DIFFERENCE BETWEEN AN INDIVIDUAL'S CHRONOLOGICAL AND DNA METHYLATION PREDICTED AGE (DNAMAGE), TERMED DNAMAGE ACCELERATION (DNAMAA), CAN CAPTURE LIFE-LONG ENVIRONMENTAL EXPOSURES AND AGE-RELATED PHYSIOLOGICAL CHANGES REFLECTED IN METHYLATION STATUS. SEVERAL STUDIES HAVE LINKED DNAMAA TO MORBIDITY AND MORTALITY, YET ITS RELATIONSHIP WITH KIDNEY FUNCTION HAS NOT BEEN ASSESSED. WE EVALUATED THE ASSOCIATIONS BETWEEN SEVEN DNAM AGING AND LIFESPAN PREDICTORS (AS WELL AS GRIMAGE COMPONENTS) AND FIVE KIDNEY TRAITS (ESTIMATED GLOMERULAR FILTRATION RATE [EGFR], URINE ALBUMIN-TO-CREATININE RATIO [UACR], SERUM URATE, MICROALBUMINURIA AND CHRONIC KIDNEY DISEASE [CKD]) IN UP TO 9688 EUROPEAN, AFRICAN AMERICAN AND HISPANIC/LATINO INDIVIDUALS FROM SEVEN POPULATION-BASED STUDIES. RESULTS: WE IDENTIFIED 23 SIGNIFICANT ASSOCIATIONS IN OUR LARGE TRANS-ETHNIC META-ANALYSIS (P < 1.43E-03 AND CONSISTENT DIRECTION OF EFFECT ACROSS STUDIES). AGE ACCELERATION MEASURED BY THE EXTRINSIC AND PHENOAGE ESTIMATORS, AS WELL AS ZHANG'S 10-CPG EPIGENETIC MORTALITY RISK SCORE (MRS), WERE ASSOCIATED WITH ALL PARAMETERS OF POOR KIDNEY HEALTH (LOWER EGFR, PREVALENT CKD, HIGHER UACR, MICROALBUMINURIA AND HIGHER SERUM URATE). SIX OF THESE ASSOCIATIONS WERE INDEPENDENTLY OBSERVED IN EUROPEAN AND AFRICAN AMERICAN POPULATIONS. MRS IN PARTICULAR WAS CONSISTENTLY ASSOCIATED WITH EGFR (BETA = - 0.12, 95% CI = [- 0.16, - 0.08] CHANGE IN LOG-TRANSFORMED EGFR PER UNIT INCREASE IN MRS, P = 4.39E-08), PREVALENT CKD (ODDS RATIO (OR) = 1.78 [1.47, 2.16], P = 2.71E-09) AND HIGHER SERUM URATE LEVELS (BETA = 0.12 [0.07, 0.16], P = 2.08E-06). THE "FIRST-GENERATION" CLOCKS (HANNUM, HORVATH) AND GRIMAGE SHOWED DIFFERENT PATTERNS OF ASSOCIATION WITH THE KIDNEY TRAITS. THREE OF THE DNAM-ESTIMATED COMPONENTS OF GRIMAGE, NAMELY ADRENOMEDULLIN, PLASMINOGEN-ACTIVATION INHIBITION 1 AND PACK YEARS, WERE POSITIVELY ASSOCIATED WITH HIGHER UACR, SERUM URATE AND MICROALBUMINURIA. CONCLUSION: DNAMAGE ACCELERATION AND DNAM MORTALITY PREDICTORS ESTIMATED IN WHOLE BLOOD WERE ASSOCIATED WITH MULTIPLE KIDNEY TRAITS, INCLUDING EGFR AND CKD, IN THIS MULTI-ETHNIC STUDY. EPIGENETIC BIOMARKERS WHICH REFLECT THE SYSTEMIC EFFECTS OF AGE-RELATED MECHANISMS SUCH AS IMMUNOSENESCENCE, INFLAMMAGING AND OXIDATIVE STRESS MAY HAVE IMPORTANT MECHANISTIC OR PROGNOSTIC ROLES IN KIDNEY DISEASE. OUR STUDY HIGHLIGHTS NEW FINDINGS LINKING KIDNEY DISEASE TO BIOLOGICAL AGING, AND OPPORTUNITIES WARRANTING FUTURE INVESTIGATION INTO DNA METHYLATION BIOMARKERS FOR PROGNOSTIC OR RISK STRATIFICATION IN KIDNEY DISEASE. 2021 2 173 49 ACCELERATED AGING IN BIPOLAR DISORDERS: AN EXPLORATORY STUDY OF SIX EPIGENETIC CLOCKS. BIPOLAR DISORDER (BD) IS A CHRONIC AND SEVERE PSYCHIATRIC DISORDER ASSOCIATED WITH SIGNIFICANT MEDICAL MORBIDITY AND REDUCED LIFE EXPECTANCY. IN THIS STUDY, WE ASSESSED ACCELERATED EPIGENETIC AGING IN INDIVIDUALS WITH BD USING VARIOUS DNA METHYLATION (DNAM)-BASED MARKERS. FOR THIS PURPOSE, WE USED FIVE EPIGENETIC CLOCKS (HORVATH, HANNUM, EN, PHENOAGE, AND GRIMAGE) AND A DNAM-BASED TELOMERE LENGTH CLOCK (DNAMTL). DNAM PROFILES WERE OBTAINED USING INFINIUM METHYLATIONEPIC ARRAYS FROM WHOLE-BLOOD SAMPLES OF 184 INDIVIDUALS WITH BD. WE ALSO ESTIMATED BLOOD CELL COUNTS BASED ON DNAM LEVELS FOR ADJUSTMENT. SIGNIFICANT CORRELATIONS BETWEEN CHRONOLOGICAL AGE AND EACH EPIGENETIC AGE ESTIMATED USING THE SIX DIFFERENT CLOCKS WERE OBSERVED. FOLLOWING ADJUSTMENT FOR BLOOD CELL COUNTS, WE FOUND THAT THE SIX EPIGENETIC AGEACCELS (AGE ACCELERATIONS) WERE SIGNIFICANTLY ASSOCIATED WITH THE BODY MASS INDEX. GRIMAGE AGEACCEL WAS SIGNIFICANTLY ASSOCIATED WITH MALE SEX, SMOKING STATUS AND CHILDHOOD MALTREATMENT. DNAMTL AGEACCEL WAS SIGNIFICANTLY ASSOCIATED WITH SMOKING STATUS. OVERALL, THIS STUDY SHOWED THAT DISTINCT EPIGENETIC CLOCKS ARE SENSITIVE TO DIFFERENT ASPECTS OF AGING PROCESS IN BD. FURTHER INVESTIGATIONS WITH COMPREHENSIVE EPIGENETIC CLOCK ANALYSES AND LARGE SAMPLES ARE REQUIRED TO CONFIRM OUR FINDINGS OF POTENTIAL DETERMINANTS OF AN ACCELERATED EPIGENETIC AGING IN BD. 2023 3 1956 60 EPIGENETIC AGE IN PERIPHERAL BLOOD AMONG CHILDREN, ADOLESCENT, AND ADULT SURVIVORS OF CHILDHOOD CANCER. IMPORTANCE: CERTAIN CANCER THERAPIES ARE RISK FACTORS FOR EPIGENETIC AGE ACCELERATION (EAA) AMONG SURVIVORS OF CHILDHOOD CANCER, AND EAA IS ASSOCIATED WITH CHRONIC HEALTH CONDITIONS (CHCS). HOWEVER, SMALL NUMBERS OF YOUNGER SURVIVORS (AGED <20 YEARS) PREVIOUSLY EVALUATED HAVE LIMITED THE ABILITY TO CALCULATE EAA AMONG THIS AGE GROUP. OBJECTIVE: TO EVALUATE THE CHANGE RATE OF EPIGENETIC AGE (EA) AND EAA IN YOUNGER COMPARED WITH OLDER SURVIVORS AND THE POSSIBLE ASSOCIATION OF EAA WITH EARLY-ONSET OBESITY (AGED <20 YEARS), SEVERITY/BURDEN OF CHCS, AND LATE MORTALITY (>5 YEARS FROM CANCER DIAGNOSIS). DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: STUDY PARTICIPANTS WERE FROM THE ST JUDE LIFETIME COHORT, INITIATED IN 2007 WITH ONGOING FOLLOW-UP. THE PRESENT STUDY WAS CONDUCTED FROM APRIL 17, 2022, TO MARCH 23, 2023. SURVIVORS IN THIS COHORT OF EUROPEAN ANCESTRY WITH DNA METHYLATION DATA WERE INCLUDED. CROSS-SECTIONAL ANNUAL CHANGES IN EA AND EAA WERE COMPARED ACROSS 5 DIFFERENT CHRONOLOGIC AGE GROUPS: AGE 0 TO 9 (CHILDREN), 10 TO 19 (ADOLESCENTS), 20 TO 34 (YOUNGER ADULTS), 35 TO 49 (MIDDLE-AGED ADULTS), AND GREATER THAN OR EQUAL TO 50 (OLDER ADULTS) YEARS. LOGISTIC REGRESSION EVALUATED THE ASSOCIATION BETWEEN EAA AND EARLY-ONSET OBESITY OR SEVERITY/BURDEN OF CHCS. COX PROPORTIONAL HAZARDS REGRESSION ASSESSED THE ASSOCIATION BETWEEN EAA AND LATE MORTALITY. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES: EARLY-ONSET OBESITY, SEVERITY/BURDEN OF CHCS (GRADED USING THE COMMON TERMINOLOGY CRITERIA FOR ADVERSE EVENTS (GRADE 1, MILD; 2, MODERATE; 3, SEVERE/DISABLING; 4, LIFE-THREATENING) AND WERE COMBINED INTO HIGH VS LOW SEVERITY/BURDEN BASED ON FREQUENCY AND GRADE), AND LATE MORTALITY WERE THE OUTCOMES BASED ON FOLLOW-UP UNTIL APRIL 2020. EXPANDED DNA METHYLATION PROFILING INCREASED THE NUMBER OF SURVIVORS YOUNGER THAN 20 YEARS (N = 690). EPIGENETIC AGE WAS CALCULATED PRIMARILY USING THE LEVINE CLOCK, AND EAA WAS DERIVED FROM LEAST SQUARES REGRESSION OF EA AGAINST CHRONOLOGIC AGE AND WAS STANDARDIZED TO A Z SCORE (LEVINE EEA). RESULTS: AMONG 2846 PARTICIPANTS (MEDIAN AGE, 30.3 [IQR, 9.3-41.5] YEARS; 53% MALES), THE CROSS-SECTIONAL ANNUAL CHANGE IN EA_LEVINE WAS HIGHER IN CHILDREN (1.63 YEARS) AND ADOLESCENTS (1.14 YEARS), AND THE ADJUSTED LEAST-SQUARES MEAN OF LEVINE EEA WAS LOWER IN CHILDREN (-0.22 YEARS) AND OLDER ADULTS (-1.70 YEARS). EACH 1-SD INCREASE IN LEVINE EEA WAS ASSOCIATED WITH INCREASED RISK OF DEVELOPING EARLY-ONSET OBESITY (ODDS RATIO [OR], 1.46; 95% CI, 1.19-1.78), HIGH SEVERITY/BURDEN OF CHCS (OR, 1.13; 95% CI, 1.03-1.24), AND LATE MORTALITY (HAZARD RATIO, 1.75; 95% CI, 1.35-2.26). CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE: THE FINDINGS OF THIS STUDY SUGGEST THAT EAA MEASURED IN CHILDREN AND ADOLESCENT SURVIVORS OF CHILDHOOD CANCER IS ASSOCIATED WITH EARLY-ONSET OBESITY, SEVERITY/BURDEN OF ALL CHCS, AND LATE MORTALITY. EVALUATING EAA MAY HELP IDENTIFY SURVIVORS OF CHILDHOOD CANCER AT INCREASED RISK FOR EARLY-ONSET OBESITY, MORBIDITY IN GENERAL, AND MORTALITY. 2023 4 5395 60 REDUCED EPIGENETIC AGE IN OLDER ADULTS WITH HIGH SENSE OF PURPOSE IN LIFE. PSYCHOSOCIAL RISK FACTORS HAVE BEEN LINKED WITH ACCELERATED EPIGENETIC AGING, BUT LITTLE IS KNOWN ABOUT WHETHER PSYCHOSOCIAL RESILIENCE FACTORS (EG, SENSE OF PURPOSE IN LIFE) MIGHT REDUCE EPIGENETIC AGE ACCELERATION. IN THIS STUDY, WE TESTED IF OLDER ADULTS WHO EXPERIENCE HIGH LEVELS OF PURPOSE MIGHT SHOW REDUCED EPIGENETIC AGE ACCELERATION. WE EVALUATED THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN PURPOSE AND EPIGENETIC AGE ACCELERATION AS MEASURED BY 13 DNA METHYLATION (DNAM) "EPIGENETIC CLOCKS" ASSESSED IN 1 572 OLDER ADULTS FROM THE HEALTH AND RETIREMENT STUDY (MEAN AGE 70 YEARS). WE QUANTIFIED THE TOTAL ASSOCIATION BETWEEN PURPOSE AND DNAM AGE ACCELERATION AS WELL AS THE EXTENT TO WHICH THAT TOTAL ASSOCIATION MIGHT BE ATTRIBUTABLE TO DEMOGRAPHIC FACTORS, CHRONIC DISEASE, OTHER PSYCHOSOCIAL VARIABLES (EG, POSITIVE AFFECT), AND HEALTH-RELATED BEHAVIORS (HEAVY DRINKING, SMOKING, PHYSICAL ACTIVITY, AND BODY MASS INDEX [BMI]). PURPOSE IN LIFE WAS ASSOCIATED WITH REDUCED EPIGENETIC AGE ACCELERATION ACROSS 4 "SECOND-GENERATION" DNAM CLOCKS OPTIMIZED FOR PREDICTING HEALTH AND LONGEVITY (FALSE DISCOVERY RATE [FDR] Q < 0.0001: PHENOAGE, GRIMAGE, ZHANG EPIGENETIC MORTALITY INDEX; FDR Q < 0.05: DUNEDINPOAM). THESE ASSOCIATIONS WERE INDEPENDENT OF DEMOGRAPHIC AND PSYCHOSOCIAL FACTORS, BUT SUBSTANTIALLY ATTENUATED AFTER ADJUSTING FOR HEALTH-RELATED BEHAVIORS (DRINKING, SMOKING, PHYSICAL ACTIVITY, AND BMI). PURPOSE SHOWED NO SIGNIFICANT ASSOCIATION WITH 9 "FIRST-GENERATION" DNAM EPIGENETIC CLOCKS TRAINED ON CHRONOLOGICAL AGE. OLDER ADULTS WITH GREATER PURPOSE IN LIFE SHOW "YOUNGER" DNAM EPIGENETIC AGE ACCELERATION. THESE RESULTS MAY BE DUE IN PART TO ASSOCIATED DIFFERENCES IN HEALTH-RELATED BEHAVIORS. RESULTS SUGGEST NEW OPPORTUNITIES TO REDUCE BIOLOGICAL AGE ACCELERATION BY ENHANCING PURPOSE AND ITS BEHAVIORAL SEQUELAE IN LATE ADULTHOOD. 2023 5 3179 48 HAIR CORTISOL AS A HYPOTHALAMIC-PITUITARY-ADRENAL AXIS BIOMARKER IN PREGNANT WOMEN WITH ASTHMA: A RETROSPECTIVE OBSERVATIONAL STUDY. BACKGROUND: CORTISOL IS A HORMONE INVOLVED IN MANY PHYSIOLOGICAL FUNCTIONS INCLUDING FETAL MATURATION AND EPIGENETIC PROGRAMMING DURING PREGNANCY. THIS STUDY AIMED TO USE HAIR CORTISOL AS A BIOMARKER OF CHRONIC INHALED CORTICOSTEROID (ICS) EXPOSURE AND ASSESS THE POTENTIAL EFFECTS OF ASTHMA ON THE HYPOTHALAMIC-PITUITARY-ADRENAL (HPA) AXIS IN PREGNANT WOMEN. WE HYPOTHESIZED THAT PREGNANT WOMEN WITH ASTHMA TREATED WITH ICS WOULD EXHIBIT LOWER HAIR CORTISOL CONCENTRATIONS, INDICATIVE OF ADRENAL SUPPRESSION, COMPARED TO WOMEN WITH ASTHMA NOT USING ICS AND WOMEN WHO DO NOT HAVE ASTHMA. METHODS: WE PERFORMED AN OBSERVATIONAL RETROSPECTIVE COHORT STUDY. HAIR SAMPLES WERE ANALYZED FROM PREGNANT WOMEN WITH ASTHMA, WITH (N = 56) AND WITHOUT (N = 31) ICS TREATMENT, AND PREGNANT WOMEN WITHOUT ASTHMA (N = 31). HAIR SAMPLES WERE SEGMENTED BASED ON THE GROWTH RATE OF 1 CM/MONTH AND ANALYZED BY ENZYME IMMUNOASSAY TO PROVIDE CORTISOL CONCENTRATIONS CORRESPONDING TO PRECONCEPTION, TRIMESTERS 1-3, AND POSTPARTUM. HAIR CORTISOL CONCENTRATIONS WERE COMPARED WITHIN AND AMONG THE GROUPS USING NON-PARAMETRIC STATISTICAL TESTS. RESULTS: HAIR CORTISOL CONCENTRATIONS INCREASED ACROSS TRIMESTERS FOR ALL THREE GROUPS, BUT THIS INCREASE WAS DAMPENED IN WOMEN WITH ASTHMA (P = 0.03 FOR CONTROLS VS. ICS TREATED AND CONTROLS VS. NO ICS). ICS TREATED WOMEN TAKING MORE THAN FIVE DOSES PER WEEK HAD HAIR CORTISOL CONCENTRATIONS 47 % LOWER IN THIRD TRIMESTER THAN CONTROLS. LINEAR REGRESSION OF THE THIRD TRIMESTER HAIR CORTISOL RESULTS IDENTIFIED ASTHMA AS A SIGNIFICANT FACTOR WHEN COMPARING CONSISTENT ICS USE OR ASTHMA AS THE PREDICTOR (F(1, 25) = 9.7, P = 0.005, R(2) ADJ = 0.257). CONCLUSIONS: HAIR CORTISOL SUCCESSFULLY SHOWED THE EXPECTED CHANGE IN CORTISOL OVER THE COURSE OF PREGNANCY AND MAY BE A USEFUL BIOMARKER OF HPA AXIS FUNCTION IN PREGNANT WOMEN WITH ASTHMA. THE POTENTIAL IMPACT OF DECREASED MATERNAL CORTISOL IN WOMEN WITH ASTHMA ON PERINATAL OUTCOMES REMAINS TO BE DETERMINED. 2016 6 403 66 ANALYSIS OF EPIGENETIC AGE ACCELERATION AND HEALTHY LONGEVITY AMONG OLDER US WOMEN. IMPORTANCE: ACCELERATED BIOLOGICAL AGING IS ASSOCIATED WITH DECREASED PHYSICAL CAPABILITY AND COGNITIVE FUNCTIONING, WHICH ARE ASSOCIATED WITH INCREASED RISK OF MORBIDITY AND MORTALITY. OBJECTIVE: WE INVESTIGATED ASSOCIATIONS BETWEEN EPIGENETIC AGE ACCELERATION (EAA), A BIOMARKER ASSOCIATED WITH AGING, AND HEALTHY LONGEVITY AMONG OLDER WOMEN. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: THIS COHORT STUDY WAS A SECONDARY ANALYSIS OF PARTICIPANTS IN THE WOMEN'S HEALTH INITIATIVE (WHI) WHO WERE ELIGIBLE TO SURVIVE TO AGE 90 YEARS BY SEPTEMBER 30, 2020. PARTICIPANTS WERE LOCATED IN MULTIPLE CENTERS. THIS STUDY WAS RESTRICTED TO WOMEN WITH GENOME-WIDE DNA METHYLATION DATA, GENERATED FROM BASELINE BLOOD SAMPLES WITHIN 3 WHI ANCILLARY STUDIES. MEDIAN (IQR) FOLLOW-UP TIMES FROM BASELINE WERE 21.6 (19.6-22.9) YEARS AND 21.4 (19.8-22.7) YEARS FOR WOMEN WHO SURVIVED TO AGE 90 YEARS WITH AND WITHOUT INTACT MOBILITY, RESPECTIVELY, AND 13.2 (8.8-16.7) FOR WOMEN WHO DID NOT SURVIVE TO AGE 90 YEARS. DATA WERE ANALYZED FROM DECEMBER 2020 TO JULY 2021. EXPOSURES: EAA WAS ESTIMATED USING 4 ESTABLISHED "CLOCKS": HORVATH PANTISSUE, HANNUM, PHENO, AND GRIM. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES: USING MULTINOMIAL LOGISTIC REGRESSION, ODDS RATIOS (ORS) AND 95% CIS WERE ESTIMATED FOR 3 HEALTHY LONGEVITY OUTCOMES FOR EACH CLOCK: SURVIVAL TO AGE 90 YEARS WITH INTACT MOBILITY, SURVIVAL TO AGE 90 YEARS WITHOUT INTACT MOBILITY, AND NO SURVIVAL TO AGE 90 YEARS. RESULTS: AMONG 1813 WOMEN, THERE WERE 464 WOMEN (MEAN [SD] AGE AT BASELINE, 71.6 [3.5] YEARS) WHO SURVIVED TO AGE 90 YEARS WITH INTACT MOBILITY AND COGNITIVE FUNCTIONING, 420 WOMEN (MEAN [SD] AGE AT BASELINE, 71.3 [3.2] YEARS) WHO SURVIVED TO AGE 90 YEARS WITHOUT INTACT MOBILITY AND COGNITIVE FUNCTIONING, AND 929 WOMEN (MEAN [SD] AGE AT BASELINE, 70.2 [3.4] YEARS) WHO DID NOT SURVIVE TO AGE 90 YEARS. WOMEN WHO SURVIVED TO AGE 90 YEARS WITH INTACT MOBILITY AND COGNITIVE FUNCTION WERE HEALTHIER AT BASELINE COMPARED WITH WOMEN WHO SURVIVED WITHOUT THOSE OUTCOMES OR WHO DID NOT SURVIVE TO AGE 90 YEARS (EG, 143 WOMEN [30.8%] VS 101 WOMEN [24.0%] AND 202 WOMEN [21.7%] WITH 0 CHRONIC CONDITIONS). THE ODDS OF SURVIVING TO AGE 90 YEARS WITH INTACT MOBILITY WERE LOWER FOR EVERY 1 SD INCREASE IN EAA COMPARED WITH THOSE WHO DID NOT SURVIVE TO AGE 90 YEARS AS MEASURED BY AGEACCELHORVATH (OR, 0.82; 95% CI, 0.69-0.96; P = .01), AGEACCELHANNUM (OR, 0.67; 95% CI, 0.56-0.80; P < .001), AGEACCELPHENO (OR, 0.60; 95% CI, 0.51-0.72; P < .001), AND AGEACCELGRIM (OR, 0.68; 95% CI, 0.55-0.84; P < .001). ORS WERE SIMILAR FOR WOMEN WHO SURVIVED TO AGE 90 YEARS WITH INTACT MOBILITY AND COGNITIVE FUNCTION (EG, AGEACCELHORVATH: OR PER 1 SD INCREASE IN EAA, 0.83; 95% CI, 0.71-0.98; P = .03) COMPARED WITH WOMEN WHO DID NOT SURVIVE TO AGE 90 YEARS. CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE: THESE FINDINGS SUGGEST THAT EAA MAY BE A VALID BIOMARKER ASSOCIATED WITH HEALTHY LONGEVITY AMONG OLDER WOMEN AND MAY BE USED FOR RISK STRATIFICATION AND RISK ESTIMATION OF FUTURE FUNCTIONAL AND COGNITIVE AGING. OUTCOMES SUGGEST THAT FUTURE STUDIES MAY FOCUS ON THE POTENTIAL FOR PUBLIC HEALTH INTERVENTIONS TO COUNTERACT EAA AND ITS ASSOCIATION WITH POOR HEALTH OUTCOMES TO LOWER DISEASE BURDEN WHILE INCREASING LONGEVITY. 2022 7 2734 50 EXPLORING THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN DNA METHYLATION AGE MEASURES AND PSYCHONEUROLOGICAL SYMPTOMS IN WOMEN WITH EARLY-STAGE BREAST CANCER. PURPOSE: THE EPIGENETIC CLOCK HAS BEEN ACKNOWLEDGED AS AN INDICATOR FOR MOLECULAR AGING, BUT FEW STUDIES HAVE EXAMINED POSSIBLE ASSOCIATIONS OF DNA METHYLATION (DNAM) AGE OR AGE ACCELERATION (AA) WITH SYMPTOM BURDEN IN INDIVIDUALS WHO ARE TREATED FOR CANCER. THIS STUDY EXPLORED THE ASSOCIATION OF DNAM AGE OR AA WITH PSYCHONEUROLOGICAL (PN) SYMPTOMS, INCLUDING COGNITIVE IMPAIRMENT, FATIGUE, SLEEP DISTURBANCES, PAIN, AND DEPRESSIVE SYMPTOMS, IN BREAST CANCER SURVIVORS OVER A 2-YEAR PERIOD. METHODS: WE MEASURED PN SYMPTOMS USING RELIABLE INSTRUMENTS AND DNAM LEVELS BY INFINIUM HUMANMETHYLATION450K BEADCHIP (N = 72). DNAM AGE WAS CALCULATED BY THE HORVATH, GRIM, AND HANNUM-BASED INTRINSIC AND EXTRINSIC AGE ESTIMATIONS. AA WAS DEFINED BY THE RESIDUAL REGRESSING ESTIMATED EPIGENETIC AGE ON CHRONOLOGICAL AGE. MIXED REGRESSION MODELS WERE FITTED FOR AA AND CHANGES IN AA TO STUDY THE ASSOCIATION OVER TIME. SEPARATE LINEAR REGRESSION MODELS AND A MIXED-EFFECTS MODEL WERE FITTED FOR AA AT EACH TIME POINT. RESULTS: HORVATH-AA, GRIM-AA, AND EXTRINSIC EPIGENETIC AA WERE SIGNIFICANTLY CHANGED OVER TIME, WHILE INTRINSIC EPIGENETIC AA DID NOT EXHIBIT ANY TEMPORAL CHANGES. INCREASED AA WAS ASSOCIATED WITH GREATER ANXIETY AND FATIGUE, AS WELL AS WORSE COGNITIVE MEMORY, ADJUSTING FOR RACE, BMI, INCOME, CHEMOTHERAPY, RADIATION THERAPY, AND CHRONOLOGICAL AGE. INCREASED DNAM AGE WAS ASSOCIATED WITH GREATER ANXIETY OVER 2 YEARS. CONCLUSION: OUR FINDINGS SUGGEST DNAM AGE AND AA MAY BE ASSOCIATED WITH PN SYMPTOMS OVER THE COURSE OF CANCER TREATMENT AND SURVIVORSHIP. SOME PN SYMPTOMS MAY BE AMENABLE TO PREVENTIVE INTERVENTIONS TARGETED TO EPIGENETIC CLOCKS THAT INFLUENCE AGING-ASSOCIATED PROCESSES. 2022 8 6018 52 THE ASSOCIATION OF EPIGENETIC AGE ACCELERATION AND MULTIMORBIDITY AT AGE 90 IN THE WOMEN'S HEALTH INITIATIVE. BACKGROUND: EPIGENETIC AGE ACCELERATION (EAA), A MEASURE OF ACCELERATED BIOLOGICAL AGING, HAS BEEN ASSOCIATED WITH INCREASED RISK OF SEVERAL AGE-RELATED CHRONIC CONDITIONS. THIS IS THE FIRST STUDY TO PROSPECTIVELY EXAMINE THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN EAA AND BOTH MULTIMORBIDITY COUNT AND A WEIGHTED MULTIMORBIDITY SCORE AMONG LONG-LIVED POSTMENOPAUSAL WOMEN. METHODS: WE INCLUDED 1,951 WOMEN FROM THE WOMEN'S HEALTH INITIATIVE WHO COULD HAVE SURVIVED TO AGE 90. EAA WAS ESTIMATED USING THE HORVATH PAN-TISSUE, HANNUM, PHENOAGE AND GRIMAGE "CLOCKS." TWELVE CHRONIC CONDITIONS WERE INCLUDED IN THE MULTIMORBIDITY COUNT. THE MULTIMORBIDITY SCORE WAS WEIGHTED FOR EACH MORBIDITY'S RELATIONSHIP WITH MORTALITY IN THE STUDY POPULATION. USING MIXED-EFFECTS POISSON AND LINEAR REGRESSION MODELS THAT INCLUDED BASELINE COVARIATES ASSOCIATED WITH BOTH EAA AND MULTIMORBIDITY, WE ESTIMATED RELATIVE RISKS (RRS) AND 95% CONFIDENCE INTERVALS (CIS) FOR THE RELATIONSHIPS BETWEEN EACH EAA MEASURE AT STUDY BASELINE WITH BOTH MULTIMORBIDITY COUNT AND WEIGHTED MULTIMORBIDITY SCORE AT AGE 90, RESPECTIVELY. RESULTS: FOR EVERY ONE-STANDARD DEVIATION INCREASE IN AGEACCELPHENO, THE RATE OF MULTIMORBIDITY ACCUMULATION INCREASED 6% (RR=1.06; 95% CI=1.01-1.12; P=0.025) AND THE MULTIMORBIDITY SCORE BY 7% (RR=1.07; 95% CI=1.01-1.13; P=0.014) FOR WOMEN WHO SURVIVED TO AGE 90. THE RESULTS FOR A ONE-STANDARD DEVIATION INCREASE IN AGEACCELHORVATH, AGEACCELHANNUM AND AGEACCELGRIM WITH MULTIMORBIDITY ACCUMULATION AND SCORE WERE WEAKER COMPARED TO AGEACCELPHENO, AND THE LATTER TWO DID NOT REACH STATISTICAL SIGNIFICANCE. CONCLUSION: AGEACCELPHENO AND AGEACCELHANNUM MAY PREDICT MULTIMORBIDITY COUNT AND SCORE AT AGE 90 IN OLDER WOMEN AND, THUS, MAY BE USEFUL AS A BIOMARKER PREDICTOR OF MULTIMORBIDITY BURDEN IN THE LAST DECADES OF LIFE. 2022 9 502 51 ASSOCIATION OF ARSENIC EXPOSURE WITH WHOLE BLOOD DNA METHYLATION: AN EPIGENOME-WIDE STUDY OF BANGLADESHI ADULTS. BACKGROUND: ARSENIC EXPOSURE AFFECTS [FORMULA: SEE TEXT] PEOPLE WORLDWIDE, INCLUDING [FORMULA: SEE TEXT] IN BANGLADESH. ARSENIC EXPOSURE INCREASES THE RISK OF CANCER AND OTHER CHRONIC DISEASES, AND ONE POTENTIAL MECHANISM OF ARSENIC TOXICITY IS EPIGENETIC DYSREGULATION. OBJECTIVE: WE ASSESSED ASSOCIATIONS BETWEEN ARSENIC EXPOSURE AND GENOME-WIDE DNA METHYLATION MEASURED AT BASELINE AMONG 396 BANGLADESHI ADULTS PARTICIPATING IN THE HEALTH EFFECTS OF ARSENIC LONGITUDINAL STUDY (HEALS) WHO WERE EXPOSED BY DRINKING NATURALLY CONTAMINATED WELL WATER. METHODS: METHYLATION IN WHOLE BLOOD DNA WAS MEASURED AT [FORMULA: SEE TEXT] USING THE ILLUMINA INFINIUMMETHYLATIONEPIC (EPIC) ARRAY. TO ASSESS ASSOCIATIONS BETWEEN ARSENIC EXPOSURE AND CPG METHYLATION, WE USED LINEAR REGRESSION MODELS ADJUSTED FOR COVARIATES AND SURROGATE VARIABLES (SVS) (CAPTURING UNKNOWN TECHNICAL AND BIOLOGIC FACTORS). WE ATTEMPTED REPLICATION AND CONDUCTED A META-ANALYSIS USING AN INDEPENDENT DATASET OF [FORMULA: SEE TEXT] FROM 400 BANGLADESHI INDIVIDUALS WITH ARSENICAL SKIN LESIONS. RESULTS: WE IDENTIFIED 34 CPGS ASSOCIATED WITH [FORMULA: SEE TEXT] CREATININE-ADJUSTED URINARY ARSENIC [[FORMULA: SEE TEXT]]. SIXTEEN OF THESE CPGS ANNOTATED TO THE [FORMULA: SEE TEXT] ARRAY, AND 10 ASSOCIATIONS WERE REPLICATED ([FORMULA: SEE TEXT]). THE TOP TWO CPGS ANNOTATED UPSTREAM OF THE ABR GENE (CG01912040, CG10003262 ). ALL URINARY ARSENIC-ASSOCIATED CPGS WERE ALSO ASSOCIATED WITH ARSENIC CONCENTRATION MEASURED IN DRINKING WATER ([FORMULA: SEE TEXT]). META-ANALYSIS ([FORMULA: SEE TEXT] SAMPLES) IDENTIFIED 221 URINARY ARSENIC-ASSOCIATED CPGS ([FORMULA: SEE TEXT]). THE ARSENIC-ASSOCIATED CPGS FROM THE META-ANALYSIS WERE ENRICHED IN NON-CPG ISLANDS AND SHORES ([FORMULA: SEE TEXT]) AND DEPLETED IN PROMOTER REGIONS ([FORMULA: SEE TEXT]). AMONG THE ARSENIC-ASSOCIATED CPGS ([FORMULA: SEE TEXT]), WE OBSERVED SIGNIFICANT ENRICHMENT OF GENES ANNOTATING TO THE REACTIVE OXYGEN SPECIES PATHWAY, INFLAMMATORY RESPONSE, AND TUMOR NECROSIS FACTOR [FORMULA: SEE TEXT] ([FORMULA: SEE TEXT]) SIGNALING VIA NUCLEAR FACTOR KAPPA-B ([FORMULA: SEE TEXT]) HALLMARKS ([FORMULA: SEE TEXT]). CONCLUSIONS: THE NOVEL AND REPLICABLE ASSOCIATIONS BETWEEN ARSENIC EXPOSURE AND DNA METHYLATION AT SPECIFIC CPGS OBSERVED IN THIS WORK SUGGEST THAT EPIGENETIC ALTERATIONS SHOULD BE FURTHER INVESTIGATED AS POTENTIAL MEDIATORS IN ARSENIC TOXICITY AND AS BIOMARKERS OF EXPOSURE AND EFFECT IN EXPOSED POPULATIONS. HTTPS://DOI.ORG/10.1289/EHP3849. 2019 10 5957 39 TELOMERE LENGTH AND EPIGENETIC AGE ACCELERATION IN ADOLESCENTS WITH ANXIETY DISORDERS. EVIDENCE ON THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN GENETICS AND MENTAL HEALTH ARE FLOURISHING. HOWEVER, FEW STUDIES ARE EVALUATING EARLY BIOMARKERS THAT MIGHT LINK GENES, ENVIRONMENT, AND PSYCHOPATHOLOGY. WE AIMED TO STUDY TELOMERE LENGTH (TL) AND EPIGENETIC AGE ACCELERATION (AA) IN A COHORT OF ADOLESCENTS WITH AND WITHOUT ANXIETY DISORDERS (N = 234). WE EVALUATED A REPRESENTATIVE SUBSAMPLE OF PARTICIPANTS AT BASELINE AND AFTER 5 YEARS (N = 76) AND CATEGORIZED THEM ACCORDING TO THEIR ANXIETY DISORDER DIAGNOSIS AT BOTH TIME POINTS: (1) CONTROL GROUP (NO ANXIETY DISORDER, N = 18), (2) VARIABLE GROUP (ANXIETY DISORDER IN ONE EVALUATION, N = 38), AND (3) PERSISTENT GROUP (ANXIETY DISORDER AT BOTH TIME POINTS, N = 20). WE ASSESSED RELATIVE MEAN TL BY REAL-TIME QUANTITATIVE PCR AND DNA METHYLATION BY INFINIUM HUMANMETHYLATION450 BEADCHIP. WE CALCULATED AA USING THE HORVATH AGE ESTIMATION ALGORITHM AND ANALYZED DIFFERENCES AMONG GROUPS USING GENERALIZED LINEAR MIXED MODELS. THE PERSISTENT GROUP OF ANXIETY DISORDER DID NOT CHANGE TL OVER TIME (P = 0.495). THE VARIABLE GROUP HAD HIGHER BASELINE TL (P = 0.003) BUT NO ACCELERATED TL EROSION IN COMPARISON TO THE NON-ANXIETY CONTROL GROUP (P = 0.053). FURTHERMORE, THERE WERE NO DIFFERENCES IN AA AMONG GROUPS OVER TIME. OUR FINDINGS SUGGEST THAT ADOLESCENTS WITH CHRONIC ANXIETY DID NOT CHANGE TELOMERE LENGTH OVER TIME, WHICH COULD BE RELATED TO A DELAY IN NEURONAL DEVELOPMENT IN THIS PERIOD OF LIFE. 2021 11 4249 55 METHYLATION-BASED BIOLOGICAL AGE AND BREAST CANCER RISK. BACKGROUND: AGE IS ONE OF THE STRONGEST PREDICTORS OF CANCER, CHRONIC DISEASE, AND MORTALITY, BUT BIOLOGICAL RESPONSES TO AGING DIFFER AMONG PEOPLE. EPIGENETIC DNA MODIFICATIONS HAVE BEEN USED TO ESTIMATE "BIOLOGICAL AGE," WHICH MAY BE A USEFUL PREDICTOR OF DISEASE RISK. WE TESTED THIS HYPOTHESIS FOR BREAST CANCER. METHODS: USING A CASE-COHORT APPROACH, WE MEASURED BASELINE BLOOD DNA METHYLATION OF 2764 WOMEN ENROLLED IN THE SISTER STUDY, 1566 OF WHOM SUBSEQUENTLY DEVELOPED BREAST CANCER AFTER AN AVERAGE OF 6 YEARS. USING THREE PREVIOUSLY ESTABLISHED METHYLATION-BASED "CLOCKS" (HANNUM, HORVATH, AND LEVINE), WE DEFINED BIOLOGICAL AGE ACCELERATION FOR EACH WOMAN BY COMPARING HER ESTIMATED BIOLOGICAL AGE WITH HER CHRONOLOGICAL AGE. HAZARD RATIOS AND 95% CONFIDENCE INTERVALS FOR BREAST CANCER RISK WERE ESTIMATED USING COX REGRESSION MODELS. ALL STATISTICAL TESTS WERE TWO-SIDED. RESULTS: EACH OF THE THREE CLOCKS SHOWED THAT BIOLOGICAL AGE ACCELERATION WAS STATISTICALLY SIGNIFICANTLY ASSOCIATED WITH INCREASED RISK OF DEVELOPING BREAST CANCER (5-YEAR AGE ACCELERATION, HANNUM'S CLOCK: HAZARD RATIO [HR] = 1.10, 95% CONFIDENCE INTERVAL [CI] = 1.00 TO 1.21, P = .04; HORVATH'S CLOCK: HR = 1.08, 95% CI = 1.00 TO 1.17, P = .04; LEVINE'S CLOCK: HR = 1.15, 95% CI = 1.07 TO 1.23, P < .001). FOR LEVINE'S CLOCK, EACH 5-YEAR ACCELERATION IN BIOLOGICAL AGE CORRESPONDED WITH A 15% INCREASE IN BREAST CANCER RISK. ALTHOUGH BIOLOGICAL AGE MAY ACCELERATE WITH MENOPAUSAL TRANSITION, AGE ACCELERATION IN PREMENOPAUSAL WOMEN INDEPENDENTLY PREDICTED BREAST CANCER. CASE-ONLY ANALYSIS SUGGESTED THAT, AMONG WOMEN WHO DEVELOP BREAST CANCER, INCREASED AGE ACCELERATION IS ASSOCIATED WITH INVASIVE CANCER (ODDS RATIO FOR INVASIVE = 1.09, 95% CI = 0.98 TO 1.22, P = .10). CONCLUSIONS: DNA METHYLATION-BASED MEASURES OF BIOLOGICAL AGE MAY BE IMPORTANT PREDICTORS OF BREAST CANCER RISK. 2019 12 2777 43 EXTREMELY LOW BIRTH WEIGHT AND ACCELERATED BIOLOGICAL AGING. BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: EXTREMELY LOW BIRTH WEIGHT (ELBW) (<1000 G) SURVIVORS ARE EXPOSED TO ELEVATED LEVELS OF PHYSIOLOGIC STRESS DURING THEIR LIVES AND MAY BE SUSCEPTIBLE TO ACCELERATED AGING. USING THE OLDEST KNOWN LONGITUDINALLY FOLLOWED COHORT OF ELBW SURVIVORS, WE COMPARED BIOLOGICAL AGING IN THIS GROUP USING AN EPIGENETIC CLOCK TO A SAMPLE OF MATCHED NORMAL BIRTH WEIGHT (NBW) (>2500 G) CONTROL PARTICIPANTS. METHODS: BUCCAL CELLS WERE COLLECTED FROM 45 ELBW SURVIVORS AND 49 NBW CONTROL PARTICIPANTS AT 30 TO 35 YEARS OF AGE. EPIGENETIC AGE WAS CALCULATED FROM THE WEIGHTED AVERAGE OF DNA METHYLATION AT 353 CYTOSINE-PHOSPHATE-GUANINE SEQUENCE WITHIN DNA SITES, BY USING THE ILLUMINA INFINIUM HUMAN METHYLATION EPIC 850K BEADCHIP ARRAY. RESULTS: BEFORE AND AFTER STATISTICALLY ADJUSTING FOR NEUROSENSORY IMPAIRMENT AND THE PRESENCE OF CHRONIC HEALTH CONDITIONS, A SIGNIFICANT SEX BY BIRTH WEIGHT GROUP INTERACTION WAS OBSERVED IN THE 353-SITE EPIGENETIC-CLOCK ASSAY (P = .03), WHEREBY ELBW MEN HAD A SIGNIFICANTLY OLDER EPIGENETIC AGE THAN NBW MEN (4.6 YEARS; P = .01). WOMEN BORN AT ELBW WERE NOT FOUND TO BE EPIGENETICALLY OLDER THAN THEIR NBW PEERS. CONCLUSIONS: THE RESULTS OF THIS STUDY SUGGEST THAT PRENATAL EXPOSURES MAY PLAY AN IMPORTANT ROLE IN AGING, AND THAT MEN BORN PRETERM MAY EXPERIENCE ACCELERATED AGING RELATIVE TO THEIR PEERS. WE FURTHER HIGHLIGHT THE NEED TO MONITOR AND PROMOTE THE HEALTH OF PRETERM SURVIVORS, WITH A PARTICULAR FOCUS ON HEALTHY AGING ACROSS THE LIFE SPAN. 2021 13 1955 54 EPIGENETIC AGE ACCELERATION PREDICTS CANCER, CARDIOVASCULAR, AND ALL-CAUSE MORTALITY IN A GERMAN CASE COHORT. BACKGROUND: PREVIOUS STUDIES HAVE DEVELOPED MODELS PREDICTING METHYLATION AGE FROM DNA METHYLATION IN BLOOD AND OTHER TISSUES (EPIGENETIC CLOCK) AND SUGGESTED THE DIFFERENCE BETWEEN DNA METHYLATION AND CHRONOLOGICAL AGES AS A MARKER OF HEALTHY AGING. THE GOAL OF THIS STUDY WAS TO CONFIRM AND EXPAND SUCH OBSERVATIONS BY INVESTIGATING WHETHER DIFFERENT CONCEPTS OF THE EPIGENETIC CLOCKS IN A POPULATION-BASED COHORT ARE ASSOCIATED WITH CANCER, CARDIOVASCULAR, AND ALL-CAUSE MORTALITY. RESULTS: DNA METHYLATION AGE WAS ESTIMATED IN A COHORT OF 1863 OLDER PEOPLE, AND THE DIFFERENCE BETWEEN AGE PREDICTED BY DNA METHYLATION AND CHRONOLOGICAL AGE (DELTAAGE) WAS CALCULATED. A CASE-COHORT DESIGN AND WEIGHTED PROPORTIONAL COX HAZARD MODELS WERE USED TO ESTIMATE ASSOCIATIONS OF DELTAAGE WITH CANCER, CARDIOVASCULAR, AND ALL-CAUSE MORTALITY. HAZARD RATIOS FOR DELTAAGE (PER 5 YEARS) CALCULATED USING THE EPIGENETIC CLOCK DEVELOPED BY HORVATH WERE 1.23 (95 % CI 1.10-1.38) FOR ALL-CAUSE MORTALITY, 1.22 (95 % CI 1.03-1.45) FOR CANCER MORTALITY, AND 1.19 (95 % CI 0.98-1.43) FOR CARDIOVASCULAR MORTALITY AFTER ADJUSTMENT FOR BATCH EFFECTS, AGE, SEX, EDUCATIONAL LEVEL, HISTORY OF CHRONIC DISEASES, HYPERTENSION, SMOKING STATUS, BODY MASS INDEX, AND LEUCOCYTE DISTRIBUTION. ASSOCIATIONS WERE SIMILAR BUT WEAKER FOR DELTAAGE CALCULATED USING THE EPIGENETIC CLOCK DEVELOPED BY HANNUM. CONCLUSIONS: THESE RESULTS SHOW THAT AGE ACCELERATION IN TERMS OF THE DIFFERENCE BETWEEN AGE PREDICTED BY DNA METHYLATION AND CHRONOLOGICAL AGE IS AN INDEPENDENT PREDICTOR OF ALL-CAUSE AND CAUSE-SPECIFIC MORTALITY AND MAY BE USEFUL AS A GENERAL MARKER OF HEALTHY AGING. 2016 14 1189 43 CORRELATION BETWEEN GLOBAL METHYLATION LEVEL OF PERIPHERAL BLOOD LEUKOCYTES AND SERUM C REACTIVE PROTEIN LEVEL MODIFIED BY MTHFR POLYMORPHISM: A CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY. BACKGROUND: CHRONIC INFLAMMATORY CONDITIONS ARE ASSOCIATED WITH HIGHER TUMOR INCIDENCE THROUGH EPIGENETIC AND GENETIC ALTERATIONS. HERE, WE FOCUSED ON AN ASSOCIATION BETWEEN AN INFLAMMATION MARKER, C-REACTIVE-PROTEIN (CRP), AND GLOBAL DNA METHYLATION LEVELS OF PERIPHERAL BLOOD LEUKOCYTES. METHODS: THE SUBJECTS WERE 384 HEALTHY JAPANESE WOMEN ENROLLED AS THE CONTROL GROUP OF A CASE-CONTROL STUDY FOR BREAST CANCER CONDUCTED FROM 2001 TO 2005. GLOBAL DNA METHYLATION WAS QUANTIFIED BY LUMINOMETRIC METHYLATION ASSAY (LUMA). RESULTS: WITH ADJUSTMENT FOR LIFESTYLE-RELATED FACTORS, INCLUDING FOLATE INTAKE, THE GLOBAL DNA METHYLATION LEVEL OF PERIPHERAL BLOOD LEUKOCYTES WAS SIGNIFICANTLY BUT WEAKLY INCREASED BY 0.43% PER QUARTILE CATEGORY FOR CRP (P FOR TREND = 0.010). ESTIMATED METHYLATION LEVELS STRATIFIED BY CRP QUARTILE WERE 70.0%, 70.8%, 71.4%, AND 71.3%, RESPECTIVELY. IN ADDITION, INTERACTION BETWEEN POLYMORPHISM OF MTHFR (RS1801133, KNOWN AS C677T) AND CRP WAS SIGNIFICANT (P FOR INTERACTION = 0.046); THE GLOBAL METHYLATION LEVEL WAS SIGNIFICANTLY INCREASED BY 0.61% PER QUARTILE CATEGORY FOR CRP IN THE CT/TT GROUP (THOSE WITH THE MINOR ALLELE T, P FOR TREND = 0.001), WHEREAS NO ASSOCIATION WAS OBSERVED IN THE CC GROUP (WILD TYPE). CONCLUSIONS: OUR STUDY SUGGESTS THAT CRP CONCENTRATION IS WEAKLY ASSOCIATED WITH GLOBAL DNA METHYLATION LEVEL. HOWEVER, THIS ASSOCIATION WAS OBSERVED MORE CLEARLY IN INDIVIDUALS WITH THE MINOR ALLELE OF THE MTHFR MISSENSE SNP RS1801133. BY ELUCIDATING THE COMPLEX MECHANISM OF THE REGULATION OF DNA METHYLATION BY BOTH ACQUIRED AND GENETIC FACTORS, OUR RESULTS MAY BE IMPORTANT FOR CANCER PREVENTION. 2018 15 4825 31 OCULAR FUNDUS ABNORMALITIES IN PATIENTS WITH BALKAN ENDEMIC NEPHROPATHY AND OTHER CHRONIC KIDNEY DISEASES. AIM: THE AIM OF THIS STUDY WAS TO EXAMINE THE OCULAR FUNDUS PATHOLOGY IN PATIENTS WITH BALKAN ENDEMIC NEPHROPATHY (BN) AND CHRONIC KIDNEY DISEASES (CKD). METHODS: THE STUDY INCLUDED 51 PATIENTS WITH BN FROM THE SOUTH MORAVA RIVER REGION IN SERBIA, AND 102 SUBJECTS WITH DIFFERENT STAGES OF CHRONIC RENAL DISEASES, MATCHED ACCORDING TO AGE AND GENDER, OBTAINED FROM A DATABASE USED IN A RECENTLY PUBLISHED STUDY. ALL PATIENTS HAD VISITED OUTPATIENT DEPARTMENT OF THE CLINIC OF NEPHROLOGY, CLINICAL CENTER NIS. ALL PATIENTS UNDERWENT ROUTINE OPHTHALMIC EXAMINATIONS. RESULTS: THERE WERE SIGNIFICANTLY MORE (P < 0.001) PATIENTS WITH AGE-RELATED MACULAR DEGENERATION (AMD) IN THE GROUP WITH BN (31.37 %) THAN IN THOSE WITH CKD (5.88 %). MULTIVARIATE LOGISTIC REGRESSION ANALYSIS CONFIRMED THAT THE SIGNIFICANT FACTORS RELATED TO AMD IN THE GROUP WITH BN WERE ALBUMINURIA (P < 0.05) AND PROTEINURIA (P < 0.05); IN CKD PATIENTS, THE LEVEL OF HDL (P < 0.05), WHILE NEGATIVE CORRELATION WITH THE LEVEL OF TRIGLYCERIDE WAS REGISTERED (P < 0.05). THERE WAS NO ASSOCIATION BETWEEN ESTIMATED GLOMERULAR FILTRATION RATE AND AMD. THE SIGNIFICANT FACTORS RELATED TO RETINOPATHY IN THE GROUP WITH BN ARE AGE (P < 0.05) AND SERUM CREATININE VALUES (P < 0.05), IN PATIENTS WITH CKD INCREASING AGE (P < 0.001) AND DM (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION: OCULAR FUNDUS PATHOLOGY IN PATIENTS WITH BN IS SIMILAR TO THE PATHOLOGY OF OTHER CKD, BUT WITH SIGNIFICANTLY MORE AMD (ABOUT FOUR TIMES), PROBABLY RELATED TO THE GENETIC/EPIGENETIC FACTORS. 2015 16 3850 36 IS GENDER A FACTOR AFFECTING LONG-TERM HETEROTOPIC OSSIFICATION INCIDENCE AFTER SINGLE-LEVEL CERVICAL DISC ARTHROPLASTY? BACKGROUND: CERVICAL DISC DISEASES HAVE BEEN TREATED BY CERVICAL DISC ARTHROPLASTY (CDA). NEVERTHELESS, SOME PATIENTS WILL EXPERIENCE A MOBILITY FAILURE IN THEIR CERVICAL PROSTHESES OVER TIME BECAUSE OF HETEROTOPIC OSSIFICATION. THE AIM OF THIS STUDY WAS TO INVESTIGATE THE ROLE OF GENDER IN LONG-TERM OUTCOMES AFTER CDA. METHODS: A RETROSPECTIVE, SINGLE-CENTER STUDY OF PATIENTS WHO UNDERWENT SINGLE-LEVEL CDA WITH A BRYAN CERVICAL DISC PROSTHESIS WAS PERFORMED, INCLUDING A NARRATIVE REVIEW ABOUT GENDER DIFFERENCES IN BOTH STRUCTURAL AND BIOMECHANICAL FEATURES OF THE CERVICAL SPINE. RESULTS: STUDY PATIENTS (14 MEN, 30 WOMEN) HAD AN AVERAGE FOLLOW-UP OF 9.8 +/- 3.2 YEARS. SIGNIFICANT DIFFERENCES EMERGED BETWEEN GENDERS FOR SPECIFIC ITEMS IN NECK DISABILITY INDEX PREOPERATIVE EVALUATION, WITH WOMEN REPORTING WORSE PAIN SCORES (P = 0.05). AFTER STRATIFICATION BY AGE, WE FOUND A HIGHER PREOPERATIVE OVERALL NECK DISABILITY INDEX SCORE FOR FEMALE PATIENTS <36 YEARS OF AGE (P = 0.03). IN AN INTERGENDER, BODY MASS INDEX-SPECIFIC COMPARISON, WE ALSO FOUND A SIGNIFICANT DIFFERENCE IN NECK DISABILITY INDEX PREOPERATIVE SCORE WITH NORMAL-WEIGHT MALE PATIENTS FARING WORSE THAN OVERWEIGHT MALE PATIENTS (P = 0.05). AT A RADIOLOGICAL LEVEL, WE FOUND A TENDENCY TOWARD A HIGHER HETEROTOPIC OSSIFICATION INCIDENCE IN MALE PATIENTS (62% IN MEN, 17% IN WOMEN, P = 0.06). THE FEMALE CERVICAL SPINE HAS DISTINCTIVE FEATURES, INCLUDING BONE STRUCTURE, MUSCULAR ACTION, SOFT TISSUE RESPONSE, AND GENETIC AND EPIGENETIC RESPONSE TO OSTEOARTHRITIS. CONCLUSIONS: THE INCIDENCE OF MOBILITY FAILURE IN OUR SERIES OF SINGLE-LEVEL CDA WAS LOWER IN FEMALE PATIENTS. SEVERAL GENDER-SPECIFIC FACTORS BOTH IN STATIC AND IN DYNAMIC FEATURES MAY PLAY A SIGNIFICANT ROLE IN SPINAL PATHOLOGY AND CDA LONG-TERM RADIOLOGICAL OUTCOME. 2022 17 713 49 CADMIUM EXPOSURE AND AGE-ASSOCIATED DNA METHYLATION CHANGES IN NON-SMOKING WOMEN FROM NORTHERN THAILAND. DNA METHYLATION CHANGES WITH AGE, AND MAY SERVE AS A BIOMARKER OF AGING. CADMIUM (CD) MODIFIES CELLULAR PROCESSES THAT PROMOTE AGING AND DISRUPTS METHYLATION GLOBALLY. WHETHER CD MODIFIES AGING PROCESSES BY INFLUENCING ESTABLISHMENT OF AGE-ASSOCIATED METHYLATION MARKS IS CURRENTLY UNKNOWN. IN THIS PILOT STUDY, WE CHARACTERIZED METHYLATION PROFILES IN > 450 000 CPG SITES IN 40 NON-SMOKING WOMEN (AGE 40-80) DIFFERENTIALLY EXPOSED TO ENVIRONMENTAL CD FROM THAILAND. BASED ON SPECIFIC GRAVITY ADJUSTED URINARY CD, WE CLASSIFIED THEM AS HIGH (HE) AND LOW (LE) EXPOSED AND AGE-MATCHED WITHIN 5 YEARS. URINARY CD WAS DEFINED AS BELOW 2 MICROG/L IN THE LE GROUP. WE PREDICTED EPIGENETIC AGE (DNAM-AGE) USING TWO PUBLISHED METHODS BY HORVATH AND HANNUM AND EXAMINED THE DIFFERENCE BETWEEN EPIGENETIC AGE AND CHRONOLOGIC AGE (DELTAAGE). WE ASSESSED DIFFERENCES BY CD EXPOSURE USING LINEAR MIXED MODELS ADJUSTED FOR ESTIMATED WHITE BLOOD CELL PROPORTIONS, BMI, AND URINARY CREATININE. WE IDENTIFIED 213 AGE-ASSOCIATED CPG SITES IN OUR POPULATION (P < 10(-4)). COUNTERINTUITIVELY, THE MEAN DELTAAGE WAS SMALLER IN HE VS. LE (HANNUM: 3.6 VS. 7.6 YEARS, P = 0.0093; HORVATH: 2.4 VS. 4.5 YEARS, P = 0.1308). THE CD EXPOSED GROUP WAS ASSOCIATED WITH CHANGES IN METHYLATION (P < 0.05) AT 12, 8, AND 20 AGE-ASSOCIATED SITES IDENTIFIED IN OUR POPULATION, HANNUM, AND HORVATH. FROM THE RESULTS OF THIS PILOT STUDY, ELEVATED CD EXPOSURE IS ASSOCIATED WITH METHYLATION CHANGES AT AGE-ASSOCIATED SITES AND SMALLER DIFFERENCES BETWEEN DNAM-AGE AND CHRONOLOGIC AGE, IN CONTRAST TO EXPECTED AGE-ACCELERATING EFFECTS. CD MAY MODIFY EPIGENETIC AGING, AND BIOMARKERS OF AGING WARRANT FURTHER INVESTIGATION WHEN EXAMINING CD AND ITS RELATIONSHIP WITH CHRONIC DISEASE AND MORTALITY. 2017 18 2150 55 EPIGENETIC MEASURES OF AGEING PREDICT THE PREVALENCE AND INCIDENCE OF LEADING CAUSES OF DEATH AND DISEASE BURDEN. BACKGROUND: INDIVIDUALS OF THE SAME CHRONOLOGICAL AGE DISPLAY DIFFERENT RATES OF BIOLOGICAL AGEING. A NUMBER OF MEASURES OF BIOLOGICAL AGE HAVE BEEN PROPOSED WHICH HARNESS AGE-RELATED CHANGES IN DNA METHYLATION PROFILES. THESE MEASURES INCLUDE FIVE 'EPIGENETIC CLOCKS' WHICH PROVIDE AN INDEX OF HOW MUCH AN INDIVIDUAL'S BIOLOGICAL AGE DIFFERS FROM THEIR CHRONOLOGICAL AGE AT THE TIME OF MEASUREMENT. THE FIVE CLOCKS ENCOMPASS METHYLATION-BASED PREDICTORS OF CHRONOLOGICAL AGE (HORVATHAGE, HANNUMAGE), ALL-CAUSE MORTALITY (DNAM PHENOAGE, DNAM GRIMAGE) AND TELOMERE LENGTH (DNAM TELOMERE LENGTH). A SIXTH EPIGENETIC MEASURE OF AGEING DIFFERS FROM THESE CLOCKS IN THAT IT ACTS AS A SPEEDOMETER PROVIDING A SINGLE TIME-POINT MEASUREMENT OF THE PACE OF AN INDIVIDUAL'S BIOLOGICAL AGEING. THIS MEASURE OF AGEING IS TERMED DUNEDINPOAM. IN THIS STUDY, WE TEST THE ASSOCIATION BETWEEN THESE SIX EPIGENETIC MEASURES OF AGEING AND THE PREVALENCE AND INCIDENCE OF THE LEADING CAUSES OF DISEASE BURDEN AND MORTALITY IN HIGH-INCOME COUNTRIES (N