1  3560 134 IMPACT OF CLINICAL, CYTOGENETIC, AND MOLECULAR PROFILES ON LONG-TERM SURVIVAL AFTER TRANSPLANTATION IN PATIENTS WITH CHRONIC MYELOMONOCYTIC LEUKEMIA. CHRONIC MYELOMONOCYTIC LEUKEMIA (CMML) IS A HETEROGENEOUS GROUP OF CLONAL HEMATOPOIETIC MALIGNANCIES WITH VARIABLE CLINICAL AND MOLECULAR FEATURES. WE ANALYZED LONG-TERM RESULTS OF ALLOGENEIC HEMATOPOIETIC CELL TRANSPLANTATION IN PATIENTS WITH CMML AND DETERMINED CLINICAL AND MOLECULAR RISK FACTORS ASSOCIATED WITH OUTCOMES. DATA FROM 129 PATIENTS, AGED 7-74 (MEDIAN 55) YEARS, AT VARIOUS STAGES OF THE DISEASE AND TRANSPLANTED FROM RELATED OR UNRELATED DONORS WERE ANALYZED. USING A PANEL OF 75 GENES SOMATIC MUTATIONS PRESENT BEFORE HEMATOPOIETIC CELL TRANSPLANTATION WERE IDENTIFIED IN 52 PATIENTS. THE PROGRESSION-FREE SURVIVAL RATE AT 10 YEARS WAS 29%. THE MAJOR CAUSE OF DEATH WAS RELAPSE (32%), WHICH WAS SIGNIFICANTLY ASSOCIATED WITH ADVERSE CYTOGENETICS (HAZARD RATIO, 3.77; P=0.0002), CMML PROGNOSTIC SCORING SYSTEM (HAZARD RATIO, 14.3, P=0.01), AND MD ANDERSON PROGNOSTIC SCORES (HAZARD RATIO, 9.4; P=0.005). MORTALITY WAS ASSOCIATED WITH HIGH-RISK CYTOGENETICS (HAZARD RATIO, 1.88; P=0.01) AND HIGH HEMATOPOIETIC CELL TRANSPLANTATION COMORBIDITY INDEX (SCORE >/=4: HAZARD RATIO, 1.99; P=0.01). HIGH OVERALL MUTATION BURDEN (>/=10 MUTATIONS: HAZARD RATIO, 3.4; P=0.02), AND >/=4 MUTATED EPIGENETIC REGULATORY GENES (HAZARD RATIO 5.4; P=0.003) WERE LINKED TO RELAPSE. UNSUPERVISED CLUSTERING OF THE CORRELATION MATRIX REVEALED DISTINCT HIGH-RISK GROUPS WITH UNIQUE ASSOCIATIONS OF MUTATIONS AND CLINICAL FEATURES. CMML WITH A HIGH MUTATION BURDEN APPEARED TO BE DISTINCT FROM HIGH-RISK GROUPS DEFINED BY COMPLEX CYTOGENETICS. NEW TRANSPLANT STRATEGIES MUST BE DEVELOPED TO TARGET SPECIFIC DISEASE SUBGROUPS, STRATIFIED BY MOLECULAR PROFILING AND CLINICAL RISK FACTORS.	2020	
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                
2  6761  25 X CHROMOSOME-WIDE ANALYSIS IDENTIFIES DNA METHYLATION SITES INFLUENCED BY CIGARETTE SMOKING. BACKGROUND: TOBACCO SMOKING IS A MAJOR CAUSE OF CHRONIC DISEASE WORLDWIDE. SMOKING MAY INDUCE CELLULAR AND MOLECULAR CHANGES INCLUDING EPIGENETIC MODIFICATION, WITH BOTH SHORT-TERM AND LONG-TERM MODIFICATION PATTERNS THAT MAY CONTRIBUTE TO PHENOTYPIC EXPRESSION OF DISEASES. RECENT EPIGENOME-WIDE ASSOCIATION STUDIES (EWAS) HAVE IDENTIFIED DOZENS OF SMOKING-RELATED DNA METHYLATION (DNAM) SITES. HOWEVER, THE X CHROMOSOMAL DNAM SITES HAVE BEEN LARGELY OVERLOOKED DUE TO A LACK OF AN ANALYTICAL FRAMEWORK FOR DEALING WITH THE SEX-DIMORPHIC DISTRIBUTION. TO IDENTIFY NOVEL SMOKING-RELATED DNAM SITES ON THE X CHROMOSOME, WE EXAMINED THE MODALITY OF EACH X CHROMOSOMAL DNAM SITE AND CONDUCTED A SEX-SPECIFIC ASSOCIATION STUDY OF CIGARETTE SMOKING. RESULTS: WE USED A DISCOVERY SAMPLE OF 139 MIDDLE-AGE TWINS, AND THREE REPLICATION SAMPLES OF 78 TWINS, 464 AND 333 UNRELATED INDIVIDUALS INCLUDING 47, 17, 22, AND 89 CURRENT SMOKERS, RESPECTIVELY. AFTER CORRECTION FOR MULTIPLE TESTING, THE TOP SMOKING-RELATED DNAM SITES IN BCOR AND TSC22D3 WERE SIGNIFICANTLY HYPERMETHYLATED AND HYPOMETHYLATED, RESPECTIVELY, AMONG CURRENT SMOKERS. THESE SMOKING-ASSOCIATED SITES WERE REPLICATED WITH META-ANALYSIS P-VALUES OF 9.17 X 10(-12) AND 1.61 X 10(-9). FOR BOTH SITES, THE SMOKING EFFECTS ON METHYLATION LEVELS WERE LARGER IN MALES THAN THAT IN FEMALES. CONCLUSIONS: OUR FINDINGS HIGHLIGHT THE IMPORTANCE OF INVESTIGATING X CHROMOSOME METHYLATION PATTERNS AND THEIR ASSOCIATIONS WITH ENVIRONMENTAL EXPOSURES AND DISEASE PHENOTYPES AND DEMONSTRATE A ROBUST STATISTICAL METHODOLOGY FOR SUCH STUDY. EXISTING EWAS OF HUMAN DISEASES SHOULD INCORPORATE THE X CHROMOSOMAL SITES TO COMPLETE A COMPREHENSIVE EPIGENOME-WIDE SCAN.	2016	
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                             
3   463  25 ARE EPIGENETIC FACTORS IMPLICATED IN CHRONIC WIDESPREAD PAIN? BACKGROUND: CHRONIC WIDESPREAD MUSCULOSKELETAL PAIN (CWP) IS THE CARDINAL SYMPTOM OF FIBROMYALGIA AND AFFECTS ABOUT 12% OF THE GENERAL POPULATION. FAMILIAL AGGREGATION OF CWP HAS BEEN REPEATEDLY DEMONSTRATED WITH ESTIMATED HERITABILITIES OF AROUND 50%, INDICATING A GENETIC SUSCEPTIBILITY. THE OBJECTIVE OF THE STUDY WAS TO EXPLORE GENOME-WIDE DISEASE-DIFFERENTIALLY METHYLATED POSITIONS (DMPS) FOR CHRONIC WIDESPREAD PAIN (CWP) IN A SAMPLE OF UNRELATED INDIVIDUALS AND A SUBSAMPLE OF DISCORDANT MONOZYGOTIC (MZ) TWINS. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPLE FINDINGS: A TOTAL OF N = 281 TWIN INDIVIDUALS FROM THE TWINSUK REGISTRY, INCLUDING N = 33 MZ TWINS DISCORDANT FOR SELF-REPORTED CWP, WERE PART OF THE DISCOVERY SAMPLE. THE REPLICATION SAMPLE INCLUDED 729 MEN AND 756 WOMEN FROM A SUBSAMPLE OF THE KORA S4 SURVEY-AN INDEPENDENT POPULATION-BASED COHORT FROM SOUTHERN GERMANY. EPIGENOME-WIDE ANALYSIS OF DNA METHYLATION WAS CONDUCTED USING THE ILLUMINA INFINIUM HUMANMETHYLATION 450 DNA BEADCHIP IN BOTH THE DISCOVERY AND REPLICATION SAMPLE. OF OUR 40 MAIN LOCI THAT WERE CARRIED FORWARD FOR REPLICATION, THREE CPGS REACHED SIGNIFICANT P-VALUES IN THE REPLICATION SAMPLE, INCLUDING MALATE DEHYDROGENASE 2 (MDH2; P-VALUE 0.017), TETRANECTIN (CLEC3B; P-VALUE 0.039), AND HEAT SHOCK PROTEIN BETA-6 (HSPB6; P-VALUE 0.016). THE ASSOCIATIONS BETWEEN THE COLLAGEN TYPE I, ALPHA 2 CHAIN (COL1A2) AND MONOAMINE OXIDASE B (MAOB) OBSERVED IN THE DISCOVERY SAMPLE-BOTH OF WHICH HAVE BEEN PREVIOUSLY REPORTED TO BE BIOLOGICAL CANDIDATES FOR PAIN-COULD NOT BE REPLICATED. CONCLUSION/SIGNIFICANCE: OUR RESULTS MAY SERVE AS A STARTING POINT TO ENCOURAGE FURTHER INVESTIGATION IN LARGE AND INDEPENDENT POPULATION-BASED COHORTS OF DNA METHYLATION AND OTHER EPIGENETIC CHANGES AS POSSIBLE DISEASE MECHANISMS IN CWP. ULTIMATELY, UNDERSTANDING THE KEY MECHANISMS UNDERLYING CWP MAY LEAD TO NEW TREATMENTS AND INFORM CLINICAL PRACTICE.	2016	
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          
4  5243  30 PROGNOSTIC IMPACT OF EPIGENETIC CLASSIFICATION IN CHRONIC LYMPHOCYTIC LEUKEMIA: THE CASE OF SUBSET #2. BASED ON THE METHYLATION STATUS OF 5 SINGLE CPG SITES, A NOVEL EPIGENETIC CLASSIFICATION OF CHRONIC LYMPHOCYTIC LEUKEMIA (CLL) WAS RECENTLY PROPOSED, CLASSIFYING CLL PATIENTS INTO 3 CLINICO-BIOLOGICAL SUBGROUPS WITH DIFFERENT OUTCOME, TERMED MEMORY LIKE CLL (M-CLL), NAIVE LIKE CLL (N-CLL), AND A THIRD INTERMEDIATE CLL SUBGROUP (I-CLL). WHILE M-CLL AND N-CLL PATIENTS AT LARGE CORRESPONDED TO PATIENTS CARRYING MUTATED AND UNMUTATED IGHV GENES, RESPECTIVELY, LIMITED INFORMATION EXISTS REGARDING THE LESS DEFINED I-CLL GROUP. USING PYROSEQUENCING, WE INVESTIGATED THE PROGNOSTIC IMPACT OF THE PROPOSED 5 CPG SIGNATURE IN A WELL-CHARACTERIZED CLL COHORT (135 CASES), INCLUDING IGHV-MUTATED AND UNMUTATED PATIENTS AS WELL AS CLINICALLY AGGRESSIVE STEREOTYPED SUBSET #2 PATIENTS. OVERALL, WE CONFIRMED THE SIGNATURE'S ASSOCIATION WITH ESTABLISHED PROGNOSTIC MARKERS. MOREOVER, IN THE PRESENCE OF THE IGHV MUTATIONAL STATUS, THE EPIGENETIC SIGNATURE REMAINED INDEPENDENTLY ASSOCIATED WITH BOTH TIME-TO-FIRST-TREATMENT AND OVERALL SURVIVAL IN MULTIVARIATE ANALYSES. AS A PRIME FINDING, WE OBSERVED THAT SUBSET #2 PATIENTS WERE PREDOMINANTLY CLASSIFIED AS I-CLL, PROBABLY REFLECTING THEIR BORDERLINE IGHV MUTATIONAL STATUS (97-99% GERMLINE IDENTITY), THOUGH HAVING A SIMILARLY POOR PROGNOSIS AS N-CLL PATIENTS. IN SUMMARY, WE VALIDATED THE EPIGENETIC CLASSIFIER AS AN INDEPENDENT FACTOR IN CLL PROGNOSTICATION AND PROVIDE FURTHER EVIDENCE THAT SUBSET #2 IS A MEMBER OF THE I-CLL GROUP, HENCE SUPPORTING THE EXISTENCE OF A THIRD, INTERMEDIATE EPIGENETIC SUBGROUP.	2016	
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                         
5  6460  24 TIME TO RELAPSE IN CHRONIC LYMPHOCYTIC LEUKEMIA AND DNA-METHYLATION-BASED BIOLOGICAL AGE. CHRONIC LYMPHOCYTIC LEUKEMIA (CLL) IS A MATURE B CELL NEOPLASM WITH A PREDILECTION FOR OLDER INDIVIDUALS. WHILE PREVIOUS STUDIES HAVE IDENTIFIED EPIGENETIC SIGNATURES ASSOCIATED WITH CLL, WHETHER AGE-RELATED DNA METHYLATION CHANGES MODULATE CLL RELAPSE REMAINS ELUSIVE. IN THIS STUDY, WE EXAMINED THE ASSOCIATION BETWEEN EPIGENETIC AGE ACCELERATION AND TIME TO CLL RELAPSE IN A PUBLICLY AVAILABLE DATASET. DNA METHYLATION PROFILING OF 35 CLL PATIENTS PRIOR TO INITIATING CHEMOIMMUNOTHERAPY WAS PERFORMED USING THE INFINIUM HUMANMETHYLATION450 BEADCHIP. FOUR EPIGENETIC AGE ACCELERATION METRICS (INTRINSIC EPIGENETIC AGE ACCELERATION [IEAA], EXTRINSIC EPIGENETIC AGE ACCELERATION [EEAA], PHENOAGE ACCELERATION [PHENOAA], AND GRIMAGE ACCELERATION [GRIMAA]) WERE ESTIMATED FROM BLOOD DNA METHYLATION LEVELS. LINEAR, QUANTILE, AND LOGISTIC REGRESSION AND RECEIVER OPERATING CHARACTERISTIC CURVE ANALYSES WERE CONDUCTED TO ASSESS THE ASSOCIATION BETWEEN EACH EPIGENETIC AGE METRIC AND TIME TO CLL RELAPSE. EEAA (P = 0.011) AND PHENOAA (P = 0.046) WERE NEGATIVELY AND GRIMAA (P = 0.040) WAS POSITIVELY ASSOCIATED WITH TIME TO CLL RELAPSE. SIMULTANEOUS ASSESSMENT OF EEAA AND GRIMAA IN MALE PATIENTS DISTINGUISHED PATIENTS WHO RELAPSED EARLY FROM PATIENTS WHO RELAPSED LATER (P = 0.039). NO ASSOCIATIONS WERE OBSERVED WITH IEAA. THESE FINDINGS SUGGEST EPIGENETIC AGE ACCELERATION PRIOR TO CHEMOIMMUNOTHERAPY INITIATION IS ASSOCIATED WITH TIME TO CLL RELAPSE. OUR RESULTS PROVIDE NOVEL INSIGHT INTO THE ASSOCIATION BETWEEN AGE-RELATED DNA METHYLATION CHANGES AND CLL RELAPSE AND MAY SERVE HAS BIOMARKERS FOR TREATMENT RELAPSE, AND POTENTIALLY, TREATMENT SELECTION.	2023	
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                   
6  2678  32 EVALUATION OF A PROGNOSTIC EPIGENETIC CLASSIFICATION SYSTEM IN CHRONIC LYMPHOCYTIC LEUKEMIA PATIENTS. BACKGROUND: METHYLATION AT 5 CPG SITES WAS PREVIOUSLY SHOWN TO CLASSIFY CHRONIC LYMPHOCYTIC LEUKEMIA (CLL) INTO 3 PROGNOSTIC SUBGROUPS. HERE, WE AIMED TO VALIDATE THE MARKER SET IN AN ADDITIONAL COHORT AND TO EVALUATE ITS CLINICAL UTILITY FOR CLL PATIENT STRATIFICATION. METHODS: WE EVALUATED THIS EPIGENETIC MARKER SET IN 79 GERMAN PATIENTS USING BISULFITE TREATMENT FOLLOWED BY PYROSEQUENCING AND CLASSIFICATION USING A SUPPORT VECTOR MACHINE-LEARNING TOOL. RESULTS: THE N-CLL, I-CLL, AND M-CLL CLASSIFICATION WAS DETECTED IN 28 (35%), 10 (13%), AND 41 (51%) PATIENTS, RESPECTIVELY. EPIGENETIC GROUPING WAS ASSOCIATED WITH IGHV MUTATIONAL STATUS (P = 2 X 10(-12)), ISOLATED DEL13Q (P = 9 X 10(-6)), DEL17P (P = .015), COMPLEX KARYOTYPE (P = .005), VH-USAGE, AND CLINICAL OUTCOME AS TIME TO FIRST TREATMENT (P = 1.4 X 10(-12)) AND OVERALL SURVIVAL (P = .003). MULTIVARIATE COX REGRESSION ANALYSIS IDENTIFIED N-CLL AS A FACTOR FOR EARLIER TREATMENT HAZARD RATIO (HR), 6.3 (95% CONFIDENCE INTERVAL [CI] 2.4-16.4; P = .0002) COMPARED TO IGHV MUTATIONAL STATUS (HR 4.6, 95% CI 1.9-11.3, P = .0008). IN ADDITION, WHEN COMPARING THE PROGNOSTIC VALUE OF THE EPIGENETIC CLASSIFICATION SYSTEM WITH THE IGHV CLASSIFICATION, EPIGENETIC GROUPING PERFORMED BETTER COMPARED TO IGHV MUTATIONAL STATUS USING KAPLAN-MEIER ESTIMATION AND ALLOWED THE IDENTIFICATION OF A THIRD, INTERMEDIATE (I-CLL) GROUP. THUS, OUR STUDY CONFIRMED THE PROGNOSTIC VALUE OF THE EPIGENETIC MARKER SET FOR PATIENT STRATIFICATION IN ROUTINE CLINICAL DIAGNOSTICS.	2022	
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            
7   173  26 ACCELERATED AGING IN BIPOLAR DISORDERS: AN EXPLORATORY STUDY OF SIX EPIGENETIC CLOCKS. BIPOLAR DISORDER (BD) IS A CHRONIC AND SEVERE PSYCHIATRIC DISORDER ASSOCIATED WITH SIGNIFICANT MEDICAL MORBIDITY AND REDUCED LIFE EXPECTANCY. IN THIS STUDY, WE ASSESSED ACCELERATED EPIGENETIC AGING IN INDIVIDUALS WITH BD USING VARIOUS DNA METHYLATION (DNAM)-BASED MARKERS. FOR THIS PURPOSE, WE USED FIVE EPIGENETIC CLOCKS (HORVATH, HANNUM, EN, PHENOAGE, AND GRIMAGE) AND A DNAM-BASED TELOMERE LENGTH CLOCK (DNAMTL). DNAM PROFILES WERE OBTAINED USING INFINIUM METHYLATIONEPIC ARRAYS FROM WHOLE-BLOOD SAMPLES OF 184 INDIVIDUALS WITH BD. WE ALSO ESTIMATED BLOOD CELL COUNTS BASED ON DNAM LEVELS FOR ADJUSTMENT. SIGNIFICANT CORRELATIONS BETWEEN CHRONOLOGICAL AGE AND EACH EPIGENETIC AGE ESTIMATED USING THE SIX DIFFERENT CLOCKS WERE OBSERVED. FOLLOWING ADJUSTMENT FOR BLOOD CELL COUNTS, WE FOUND THAT THE SIX EPIGENETIC AGEACCELS (AGE ACCELERATIONS) WERE SIGNIFICANTLY ASSOCIATED WITH THE BODY MASS INDEX. GRIMAGE AGEACCEL WAS SIGNIFICANTLY ASSOCIATED WITH MALE SEX, SMOKING STATUS AND CHILDHOOD MALTREATMENT. DNAMTL AGEACCEL WAS SIGNIFICANTLY ASSOCIATED WITH SMOKING STATUS. OVERALL, THIS STUDY SHOWED THAT DISTINCT EPIGENETIC CLOCKS ARE SENSITIVE TO DIFFERENT ASPECTS OF AGING PROCESS IN BD. FURTHER INVESTIGATIONS WITH COMPREHENSIVE EPIGENETIC CLOCK ANALYSES AND LARGE SAMPLES ARE REQUIRED TO CONFIRM OUR FINDINGS OF POTENTIAL DETERMINANTS OF AN ACCELERATED EPIGENETIC AGING IN BD.	2023	
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          
8  2142  37 EPIGENETIC INVESTIGATION OF VARIABLY X CHROMOSOME INACTIVATED GENES IN MONOZYGOTIC FEMALE TWINS DISCORDANT FOR PRIMARY BILIARY CIRRHOSIS. PRIMARY BILIARY CIRRHOSIS (PBC) IS AN AUTOIMMUNE CHRONIC CHOLESTATIC LIVER DISEASE WITH A STRONG GENETIC SUSCEPTIBILITY DUE TO THE HIGH CONCORDANCE IN MONOZYGOTIC (MZ) TWINS AND A STRIKING FEMALE PREDOMINANCE. WOMEN WITH PBC MANIFEST AN ENHANCED X MONOSOMY RATE IN PERIPHERAL LYMPHOCYTES AND WE THUS HYPOTHESIZED AN X CHROMOSOME EPIGENETIC COMPONENT TO EXPLAIN PBC FEMALE PREVALENCE. WHILE MOST GENES ON THE FEMALE INACTIVE X CHROMOSOME ARE SILENCED BY PROMOTER METHYLATION FOLLOWING X CHROMOSOME INACTIVATION (XCI), APPROXIMATELY 10% OF X- LINKED GENES EXHIBIT VARIABLE ESCAPE FROM XCI IN HEALTHY FEMALES. THIS STUDY WAS DESIGNED TO TEST THE HYPOTHESIS THAT SUSCEPTIBILITY TO PBC IS MODIFIED BY ONE OR MORE X-LINKED GENE WITH VARIABLE XCI STATUS. PERIPHERAL BLOOD MRNA AND DNA SAMPLES WERE OBTAINED FROM A UNIQUE COHORT OF MZ TWIN SETS DISCORDANT AND CONCORDANT FOR PBC. TRANSCRIPT LEVELS OF THE 125 VARIABLE XCI STATUS GENES WAS DETERMINED BY QUANTITATIVE RT-PCR ANALYSIS AND TWO GENES (CLIC2 AND PIN4) WERE IDENTIFIED AS CONSISTENTLY DOWNREGULATED IN THE AFFECTED TWIN OF DISCORDANT PAIRS. BOTH CLIC2 AND PIN4 DEMONSTRATED PARTIAL AND VARIABLE METHYLATION OF CPG SITES WITHIN 300 BP OF THE TRANSCRIPTION START SITE THAT DID NOT PREDICT THE XCI STATUS. PROMOTER METHYLATION OF CLIC2 MANIFESTED NO SIGNIFICANT DIFFERENCE BETWEEN SAMPLES AND NO SIGNIFICANT CORRELATION WITH TRANSCRIPT LEVELS. PIN4 METHYLATION SHOWED A POSITIVE TREND WITH TRANSCRIPTION IN ALL SAMPLES BUT NO DIFFERENTIAL METHYLATION WAS OBSERVED BETWEEN DISCORDANT TWINS. A GENETIC POLYMORPHISM AFFECTING THE NUMBER OF CPG SITES IN THE PIN4 PROMOTER DID NOT IMPACT METHYLATION OR TRANSCRIPT LEVELS IN A HETEROZYGOUS TWIN PAIR AND SHOWED A SIMILAR FREQUENCY IN INDEPENDENT SERIES OF UNRELATED PBC CASES AND CONTROLS. OUR RESULTS SUGGEST THAT EPIGENETIC FACTORS INFLUENCING PBC ONSET ARE MORE COMPLEX THAN METHYLATION DIFFERENCES AT X-LINKED PROMOTERS AND VARIABLY 3 INACTIVATED X-LINKED GENES MAY BE CHARACTERIZED BY PARTIAL PROMOTER METHYLATION AND BIALLELIC TRANSCRIPTION.	2011	
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                   
9  2150  33 EPIGENETIC MEASURES OF AGEING PREDICT THE PREVALENCE AND INCIDENCE OF LEADING CAUSES OF DEATH AND DISEASE BURDEN. BACKGROUND: INDIVIDUALS OF THE SAME CHRONOLOGICAL AGE DISPLAY DIFFERENT RATES OF BIOLOGICAL AGEING. A NUMBER OF MEASURES OF BIOLOGICAL AGE HAVE BEEN PROPOSED WHICH HARNESS AGE-RELATED CHANGES IN DNA METHYLATION PROFILES. THESE MEASURES INCLUDE FIVE 'EPIGENETIC CLOCKS' WHICH PROVIDE AN INDEX OF HOW MUCH AN INDIVIDUAL'S BIOLOGICAL AGE DIFFERS FROM THEIR CHRONOLOGICAL AGE AT THE TIME OF MEASUREMENT. THE FIVE CLOCKS ENCOMPASS METHYLATION-BASED PREDICTORS OF CHRONOLOGICAL AGE (HORVATHAGE, HANNUMAGE), ALL-CAUSE MORTALITY (DNAM PHENOAGE, DNAM GRIMAGE) AND TELOMERE LENGTH (DNAM TELOMERE LENGTH). A SIXTH EPIGENETIC MEASURE OF AGEING DIFFERS FROM THESE CLOCKS IN THAT IT ACTS AS A SPEEDOMETER PROVIDING A SINGLE TIME-POINT MEASUREMENT OF THE PACE OF AN INDIVIDUAL'S BIOLOGICAL AGEING. THIS MEASURE OF AGEING IS TERMED DUNEDINPOAM. IN THIS STUDY, WE TEST THE ASSOCIATION BETWEEN THESE SIX EPIGENETIC MEASURES OF AGEING AND THE PREVALENCE AND INCIDENCE OF THE LEADING CAUSES OF DISEASE BURDEN AND MORTALITY IN HIGH-INCOME COUNTRIES (N </= 9537, GENERATION SCOTLAND: SCOTTISH FAMILY HEALTH STUDY). RESULTS: DNAM GRIMAGE PREDICTED INCIDENCE OF CLINICALLY DIAGNOSED CHRONIC OBSTRUCTIVE PULMONARY DISEASE (COPD), TYPE 2 DIABETES AND ISCHEMIC HEART DISEASE AFTER 13 YEARS OF FOLLOW-UP (HAZARD RATIOS = 2.22, 1.52 AND 1.41, RESPECTIVELY). DUNEDINPOAM PREDICTED THE INCIDENCE OF COPD AND LUNG CANCER (HAZARD RATIOS = 2.02 AND 1.45, RESPECTIVELY). DNAM PHENOAGE PREDICTED INCIDENCE OF TYPE 2 DIABETES (HAZARD RATIO = 1.54). DNAM TELOMERE LENGTH ASSOCIATED WITH THE INCIDENCE OF ISCHEMIC HEART DISEASE (HAZARD RATIO = 0.80). DNAM GRIMAGE ASSOCIATED WITH ALL-CAUSE MORTALITY, THE PREVALENCE OF COPD AND SPIROMETRY MEASURES AT THE STUDY BASELINE. THESE ASSOCIATIONS WERE PRESENT AFTER ADJUSTING FOR POSSIBLE CONFOUNDING RISK FACTORS INCLUDING ALCOHOL CONSUMPTION, BODY MASS INDEX, DEPRIVATION, EDUCATION AND TOBACCO SMOKING AND SURPASSED STRINGENT BONFERRONI-CORRECTED SIGNIFICANCE THRESHOLDS. CONCLUSIONS: OUR DATA SUGGEST THAT EPIGENETIC MEASURES OF AGEING MAY HAVE UTILITY IN CLINICAL SETTINGS TO COMPLEMENT GOLD-STANDARD METHODS FOR DISEASE ASSESSMENT AND MANAGEMENT.	2020	
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       
10  4256  31 METHYLOMIC MARKERS OF PERSISTENT CHILDHOOD ASTHMA: A LONGITUDINAL STUDY OF ASTHMA-DISCORDANT MONOZYGOTIC TWINS. BACKGROUND: ASTHMA IS THE MOST COMMON CHRONIC INFLAMMATORY DISORDER IN CHILDREN. THE AETIOLOGY OF ASTHMA PATHOLOGY IS COMPLEX AND HIGHLY HETEROGENEOUS, INVOLVING THE INTERPLAY BETWEEN GENETIC AND ENVIRONMENTAL RISK FACTORS THAT IS HYPOTHESIZED TO INVOLVE EPIGENETIC PROCESSES. OUR AIM WAS TO EXPLORE WHETHER METHYLOMIC VARIATION IN EARLY CHILDHOOD IS ASSOCIATED WITH DISCORDANCE FOR ASTHMA SYMPTOMS WITHIN MONOZYGOTIC (MZ) TWIN PAIRS RECRUITED FROM THE ENVIRONMENTAL RISK (E-RISK) LONGITUDINAL TWIN STUDY. WE ALSO AIMED TO IDENTIFY DIFFERENCES IN DNA METHYLATION THAT ARE ASSOCIATED WITH ASTHMA THAT DEVELOPS IN CHILDHOOD AND PERSISTS INTO EARLY ADULTHOOD AS THESE MAY REPRESENT USEFUL PROGNOSTIC BIOMARKERS. RESULTS: WE EXAMINED GENOME-WIDE PATTERNS OF DNA METHYLATION IN BUCCAL CELL SAMPLES COLLECTED FROM 37 MZ TWIN PAIRS DISCORDANT FOR ASTHMA AT AGE 10. DNA METHYLATION AT INDIVIDUAL CPG SITES DEMONSTRATED SIGNIFICANT VARIABILITY WITHIN DISCORDANT MZ TWIN PAIRS WITH THE TOP-RANKED NOMINALLY SIGNIFICANT DIFFERENTIALLY METHYLATED POSITION (DMP) LOCATED IN THE HGSNAT GENE. WE STRATIFIED OUR ANALYSIS BY ASSESSING DNA METHYLATION DIFFERENCES IN A SUB-GROUP OF MZ TWIN PAIRS WHO REMAINED PERSISTENTLY DISCORDANT FOR ASTHMA AT AGE 18. THE TOP-RANKED NOMINALLY SIGNIFICANT DMP ASSOCIATED WITH PERSISTING ASTHMA IS LOCATED IN THE VICINITY OF THE HLX GENE, WHICH HAS BEEN PREVIOUSLY IMPLICATED IN CHILDHOOD ASTHMA. CONCLUSIONS: WE IDENTIFIED DNA METHYLATION DIFFERENCES ASSOCIATED WITH CHILDHOOD ASTHMA IN PERIPHERAL DNA SAMPLES FROM DISCORDANT MZ TWIN PAIRS. OUR DATA SUGGEST THAT DIFFERENCES IN DNA METHYLATION ASSOCIATED WITH CHILDHOOD ASTHMA WHICH PERSISTS INTO EARLY ADULTHOOD ARE DISTINCT FROM THOSE ASSOCIATED WITH ASTHMA WHICH REMITS.	2015	
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       
11  2411  24 EPIGENETIC SCORES FOR THE CIRCULATING PROTEOME AS TOOLS FOR DISEASE PREDICTION. PROTEIN BIOMARKERS HAVE BEEN IDENTIFIED ACROSS MANY AGE-RELATED MORBIDITIES. HOWEVER, CHARACTERISING EPIGENETIC INFLUENCES COULD FURTHER INFORM DISEASE PREDICTIONS. HERE, WE LEVERAGE EPIGENOME-WIDE DATA TO STUDY LINKS BETWEEN THE DNA METHYLATION (DNAM) SIGNATURES OF THE CIRCULATING PROTEOME AND INCIDENT DISEASES. USING DATA FROM FOUR COHORTS, WE TRAINED AND TESTED EPIGENETIC SCORES (EPISCORES) FOR 953 PLASMA PROTEINS, IDENTIFYING 109 SCORES THAT EXPLAINED BETWEEN 1% AND 58% OF THE VARIANCE IN PROTEIN LEVELS AFTER ADJUSTING FOR KNOWN PROTEIN QUANTITATIVE TRAIT LOCI (PQTL) GENETIC EFFECTS. BY PROJECTING THESE EPISCORES INTO AN INDEPENDENT SAMPLE (GENERATION SCOTLAND; N = 9537) AND RELATING THEM TO INCIDENT MORBIDITIES OVER A FOLLOW-UP OF 14 YEARS, WE UNCOVERED 137 EPISCORE-DISEASE ASSOCIATIONS. THESE ASSOCIATIONS WERE LARGELY INDEPENDENT OF IMMUNE CELL PROPORTIONS, COMMON LIFESTYLE AND HEALTH FACTORS, AND BIOLOGICAL AGING. NOTABLY, WE FOUND THAT OUR DIABETES-ASSOCIATED EPISCORES HIGHLIGHTED PREVIOUS TOP BIOMARKER ASSOCIATIONS FROM PROTEOME-WIDE ASSESSMENTS OF DIABETES. THESE EPISCORES FOR PROTEIN LEVELS CAN THEREFORE BE A VALUABLE RESOURCE FOR DISEASE PREDICTION AND RISK STRATIFICATION.	2022	
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                 
12   180  29 ACCELERATED EPIGENETIC AGING IN OLDER ADULTS WITH HIV DISEASE: ASSOCIATIONS WITH SEROSTATUS, HIV CLINICAL FACTORS, AND HEALTH LITERACY. THE PREVALENCE OF OLDER PERSONS WITH HIV (PWH) DISEASE HAS INCREASED CONSIDERABLY IN THE LAST 20 YEARS, BUT OUR UNDERSTANDING OF BIOLOGICAL FACTORS OF AGING AND THEIR CLINICAL CORRELATES AMONG PWH REMAINS LIMITED. STUDY PARTICIPANTS WERE 149 PERSONS AGED 50 AND OLDER, INCLUDING 107 PWH AND 42 SERONEGATIVES. ALL PARTICIPANTS COMPLETED A BLOOD DRAW, RESEARCH MEDICAL EVALUATION, STRUCTURED PSYCHIATRIC INTERVIEW, NEUROCOGNITIVE ASSESSMENT, QUESTIONNAIRES, AND MEASURES OF HEALTH LITERACY. FOUR EPIGENETIC CLOCKS WERE GENERATED FROM STORED BLOOD SAMPLES USING STANDARDIZED LABORATORY METHODS. IN REGRESSION MODELS ADJUSTING FOR SEX AND SMOKING STATUS, PWH HAD SIGNIFICANTLY HIGHER EPIGENETIC AGING ACCELERATION VALUES THAN SERONEGATIVES ON ALL FOUR INDICATORS. WITHIN THE PWH SAMPLE, HIGHER LEVELS OF EPIGENETIC AGING ACCELERATION WERE MODERATELY ASSOCIATED WITH LOWER CURRENT CD4 COUNT, AIDS DIAGNOSES, HIGHER SCORES ON THE VETERANS AGING COHORT STUDY INDEX, AND LOWER TELOMERE VALUES. HIGHER EPIGENETIC AGING ACCELERATION INDICES WERE ALSO ASSOCIATED WITH LOWER HEALTH LITERACY AMONG PWH. PWH EXPERIENCE ACCELERATED AGING AS MEASURED BY A SERIES OF EPIGENETIC CLOCKS, WHICH MAY BE LINKED TO IMMUNE COMPROMISE AND RISK OF ALL-CAUSE MORTALITY. HEALTH LITERACY MAY BE A MODIFIABLE TARGET FOR MITIGATING THE RISK OF ACCELERATED AGING AMONG OLDER PWH.	2023	
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                         
13  2643  28 EPIGENOMIC ASSOCIATION ANALYSIS IDENTIFIES SMOKING-RELATED DNA METHYLATION SITES IN AFRICAN AMERICANS. CIGARETTE SMOKING IS AN ENVIRONMENTAL RISK FACTOR FOR MANY CHRONIC DISEASES, AND DISEASE RISK CAN OFTEN BE MANAGED BY SMOKING CONTROL. SMOKING CAN INDUCE CELLULAR AND MOLECULAR CHANGES, INCLUDING EPIGENETIC MODIFICATION, BUT THE SHORT- AND LONG-TERM EPIGENETIC MODIFICATIONS CAUSED BY CIGARETTE SMOKING AT THE GENE LEVEL HAVE NOT BEEN WELL UNDERSTOOD. RECENT STUDIES HAVE IDENTIFIED SMOKING-RELATED DNA METHYLATION (DNAM) SITES IN CAUCASIANS. TO DETERMINE WHETHER THE SAME DNAM SITES ASSOCIATE WITH SMOKING IN AFRICAN AMERICANS, AND TO IDENTIFY NOVEL SMOKING-RELATED DNAM SITES, WE CONDUCTED A METHYLOME-WIDE ASSOCIATION STUDY OF CIGARETTE SMOKING USING A DISCOVERY SAMPLE OF 972 AFRICAN AMERICANS, AND A REPLICATION SAMPLE OF 239 AFRICAN AMERICANS WITH TWO ARRAY-BASED METHODS. AMONG 15 DNAM SITES SIGNIFICANTLY ASSOCIATED WITH SMOKING AFTER CORRECTION FOR MULTIPLE TESTING IN OUR DISCOVERY SAMPLE, 5 DNAM SITES ARE REPLICATED IN AN INDEPENDENT COHORT, AND 14 SITES IN THE REPLICATION SAMPLE HAVE EFFECTS IN THE SAME DIRECTION AS IN THE DISCOVERY SAMPLE. THE TOP TWO SMOKING-RELATED DNAM SITES IN F2RL3 (FACTOR II RECEPTOR-LIKE 3) AND GPR15 (G-PROTEIN-COUPLED RECEPTOR 15) OBSERVED IN AFRICAN AMERICANS ARE CONSISTENT WITH PREVIOUS FINDINGS IN CAUCASIANS. THE ASSOCIATIONS BETWEEN THE REPLICATED DNAM SITES AND SMOKING REMAIN SIGNIFICANT AFTER ADJUSTING FOR GENETIC BACKGROUND. DESPITE THE DISTINCT GENETIC BACKGROUND BETWEEN AFRICAN AMERICANS AND CAUCASIANS, THE DNAM FROM THE TWO ETHNIC GROUPS SHARES COMMON ASSOCIATIONS WITH CIGARETTE SMOKING, WHICH SUGGESTS A COMMON MOLECULAR MECHANISM OF EPIGENETIC MODIFICATION INFLUENCED BY ENVIRONMENTAL EXPOSURE.	2013	
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                     
14  1956  41 EPIGENETIC AGE IN PERIPHERAL BLOOD AMONG CHILDREN, ADOLESCENT, AND ADULT SURVIVORS OF CHILDHOOD CANCER. IMPORTANCE: CERTAIN CANCER THERAPIES ARE RISK FACTORS FOR EPIGENETIC AGE ACCELERATION (EAA) AMONG SURVIVORS OF CHILDHOOD CANCER, AND EAA IS ASSOCIATED WITH CHRONIC HEALTH CONDITIONS (CHCS). HOWEVER, SMALL NUMBERS OF YOUNGER SURVIVORS (AGED <20 YEARS) PREVIOUSLY EVALUATED HAVE LIMITED THE ABILITY TO CALCULATE EAA AMONG THIS AGE GROUP. OBJECTIVE: TO EVALUATE THE CHANGE RATE OF EPIGENETIC AGE (EA) AND EAA IN YOUNGER COMPARED WITH OLDER SURVIVORS AND THE POSSIBLE ASSOCIATION OF EAA WITH EARLY-ONSET OBESITY (AGED <20 YEARS), SEVERITY/BURDEN OF CHCS, AND LATE MORTALITY (>5 YEARS FROM CANCER DIAGNOSIS). DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: STUDY PARTICIPANTS WERE FROM THE ST JUDE LIFETIME COHORT, INITIATED IN 2007 WITH ONGOING FOLLOW-UP. THE PRESENT STUDY WAS CONDUCTED FROM APRIL 17, 2022, TO MARCH 23, 2023. SURVIVORS IN THIS COHORT OF EUROPEAN ANCESTRY WITH DNA METHYLATION DATA WERE INCLUDED. CROSS-SECTIONAL ANNUAL CHANGES IN EA AND EAA WERE COMPARED ACROSS 5 DIFFERENT CHRONOLOGIC AGE GROUPS: AGE 0 TO 9 (CHILDREN), 10 TO 19 (ADOLESCENTS), 20 TO 34 (YOUNGER ADULTS), 35 TO 49 (MIDDLE-AGED ADULTS), AND GREATER THAN OR EQUAL TO 50 (OLDER ADULTS) YEARS. LOGISTIC REGRESSION EVALUATED THE ASSOCIATION BETWEEN EAA AND EARLY-ONSET OBESITY OR SEVERITY/BURDEN OF CHCS. COX PROPORTIONAL HAZARDS REGRESSION ASSESSED THE ASSOCIATION BETWEEN EAA AND LATE MORTALITY. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES: EARLY-ONSET OBESITY, SEVERITY/BURDEN OF CHCS (GRADED USING THE COMMON TERMINOLOGY CRITERIA FOR ADVERSE EVENTS (GRADE 1, MILD; 2, MODERATE; 3, SEVERE/DISABLING; 4, LIFE-THREATENING) AND WERE COMBINED INTO HIGH VS LOW SEVERITY/BURDEN BASED ON FREQUENCY AND GRADE), AND LATE MORTALITY WERE THE OUTCOMES BASED ON FOLLOW-UP UNTIL APRIL 2020. EXPANDED DNA METHYLATION PROFILING INCREASED THE NUMBER OF SURVIVORS YOUNGER THAN 20 YEARS (N = 690). EPIGENETIC AGE WAS CALCULATED PRIMARILY USING THE LEVINE CLOCK, AND EAA WAS DERIVED FROM LEAST SQUARES REGRESSION OF EA AGAINST CHRONOLOGIC AGE AND WAS STANDARDIZED TO A Z SCORE (LEVINE EEA). RESULTS: AMONG 2846 PARTICIPANTS (MEDIAN AGE, 30.3 [IQR, 9.3-41.5] YEARS; 53% MALES), THE CROSS-SECTIONAL ANNUAL CHANGE IN EA_LEVINE WAS HIGHER IN CHILDREN (1.63 YEARS) AND ADOLESCENTS (1.14 YEARS), AND THE ADJUSTED LEAST-SQUARES MEAN OF LEVINE EEA WAS LOWER IN CHILDREN (-0.22 YEARS) AND OLDER ADULTS (-1.70 YEARS). EACH 1-SD INCREASE IN LEVINE EEA WAS ASSOCIATED WITH INCREASED RISK OF DEVELOPING EARLY-ONSET OBESITY (ODDS RATIO [OR], 1.46; 95% CI, 1.19-1.78), HIGH SEVERITY/BURDEN OF CHCS (OR, 1.13; 95% CI, 1.03-1.24), AND LATE MORTALITY (HAZARD RATIO, 1.75; 95% CI, 1.35-2.26). CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE: THE FINDINGS OF THIS STUDY SUGGEST THAT EAA MEASURED IN CHILDREN AND ADOLESCENT SURVIVORS OF CHILDHOOD CANCER IS ASSOCIATED WITH EARLY-ONSET OBESITY, SEVERITY/BURDEN OF ALL CHCS, AND LATE MORTALITY. EVALUATING EAA MAY HELP IDENTIFY SURVIVORS OF CHILDHOOD CANCER AT INCREASED RISK FOR EARLY-ONSET OBESITY, MORBIDITY IN GENERAL, AND MORTALITY.	2023	

15   437  26 ANTIGEN RECEPTOR STEREOTYPY IN CHRONIC LYMPHOCYTIC LEUKEMIA. THE DISCOVERY OF ALMOST IDENTICAL OR 'STEREOTYPED' B-CELL RECEPTOR IMMUNOGLOBULINS (BCR IG) AMONG UNRELATED PATIENTS WITH CHRONIC LYMPHOCYTIC LEUKEMIA (CLL) CEMENTED THE IDEA OF ANTIGEN SELECTION IN DISEASE ONTOGENY AND EVOLUTION. THE SYSTEMATIC ANALYSIS OF THE STEREOTYPY PHENOMENON IN CLL REVEALED THAT AROUND ONE-THIRD OF CLL PATIENTS MAY BE GROUPED INTO SUBSETS BASED ON SHARED SEQUENCE MOTIFS WITHIN THE VARIABLE HEAVY COMPLEMENTARITY DETERMINING REGION 3. STEREOTYPED SUBSETS DISPLAY A STRIKINGLY SIMILAR BIOLOGY OF THE LEUKEMIC CLONES, REFERRING TO MANY DIFFERENT LEVELS, FROM THE IMMUNOGENETIC AND GENETIC AND EXTENDING TO THE EPIGENETIC AND FUNCTIONAL LEVELS. EVEN MORE IMPORTANTLY, THE HOMOGENEITY OF STEREOTYPED SUBSETS HAS CLINICAL CONSEQUENCES AS PATIENTS ASSIGNED TO THE SAME STEREOTYPED SUBSET GENERALLY EXHIBIT AN OVERALL SIMILAR DISEASE COURSE AND OUTCOME. IN OTHER WORDS, STEREOTYPY-BASED PATIENT CLASSIFICATION OF CLL HAS ALREADY PROVIDED A MORE COMPARTMENTALIZED VIEW OF THIS OTHERWISE HETEROGENEOUS DISEASE AND CAN ASSIST IN REFINING PROGNOSTICATION MODELS. WHILE THIS IS RELEVANT ONLY FOR THE ONE-THIRD OF CASES EXPRESSING STEREOTYPED BCR IG; IN PRINCIPLE, HOWEVER, THE FINDINGS FROM FURTHER ANALYSIS OF THE STEREOTYPED SUBSETS MAY ALSO CONTRIBUTE TOWARDS IMPROVED UNDERSTANDING OF THE REMAINING NON-STEREOTYPED FRACTION OF CLL PATIENTS.	2017	
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        
16  1628  38 DNMT3A AND TET2 DOMINATE CLONAL HEMATOPOIESIS AND DEMONSTRATE BENIGN PHENOTYPES AND DIFFERENT GENETIC PREDISPOSITIONS. AGE-ASSOCIATED CLONAL HEMATOPOIESIS CAUSED BY ACQUIRED MUTATIONS IN MYELOID CANCER-ASSOCIATED GENES IS HIGHLY PREVALENT IN THE NORMAL POPULATION. ITS ETIOLOGY, BIOLOGICAL IMPACT ON HEMATOPOIESIS, AND ONCOGENIC RISK IS POORLY DEFINED AT THIS TIME. TO GAIN INSIGHT INTO THIS PHENOMENON, WE ANALYZED A COHORT OF 2530 RELATED AND UNRELATED HEMATOLOGICALLY NORMAL INDIVIDUALS (AGES 55 TO 101 YEARS). WE USED A SENSITIVE GENE-TARGETED DEEP SEQUENCING APPROACH TO GAIN PRECISION ON THE EXACT PREVALENCE OF DRIVER MUTATIONS AND THE PROPORTIONS OF AFFECTED GENES. MUTATIONAL STATUS WAS CORRELATED WITH BIOLOGICAL PARAMETERS. WE REPORT A HIGHER OVERALL PREVALENCE OF DRIVER MUTATIONS (13.7%), WHICH OCCURRED MOSTLY (93%) IN DNMT3A OR TET2 AND WERE HIGHLY AGE-CORRELATED. MUTATION IN THESE 2 GENES HAD SOME DISTINCTIVE EFFECTS ON END POINTS. TET2 MUTATIONS WERE MORE AGE-DEPENDENT, ASSOCIATED WITH A MODEST NEUTROPENIC EFFECT (9%, P = .012), DEMONSTRATED FAMILIAL AGGREGATION, AND ASSOCIATED WITH CHRONIC OBSTRUCTIVE PULMONARY DISEASE. MUTATIONS IN DNMT3A HAD NO IMPACT ON BLOOD COUNTS OR INDICES. MUTATIONAL BURDEN OF BOTH GENES CORRELATED WITH X-INACTIVATION SKEWING BUT NO SIGNIFICANT ASSOCIATION WITH AGE-ADJUSTED TELOMERE LENGTH REDUCTION WAS DOCUMENTED. THE DISCORDANCE BETWEEN THE HIGH PREVALENCE OF MUTATIONS IN THESE 2 GENES AND THEIR LIMITED BIOLOGICAL IMPACT RAISE THE QUESTION OF THE POTENTIAL ROLE OF DYSREGULATED EPIGENETIC MODIFIERS IN NORMAL AGING HEMATOPOIESIS, WHICH MAY INCLUDE SUPPORT TO FAILING HEMATOPOIESIS.	2017	
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              
17  1957  32 EPIGENETIC AGE PREDICTORS IN COMMUNITY-DWELLING ADULTS WITH HIGH IMPACT KNEE PAIN. GERONTOLOGICAL RESEARCH REVEALS CONSIDERABLE INTERINDIVIDUAL VARIABILITY IN AGING PHENOTYPES, AND EMERGING EVIDENCE SUGGESTS THAT HIGH IMPACT CHRONIC PAIN MAY BE ASSOCIATED WITH VARIOUS ACCELERATED BIOLOGICAL AGING PROCESSES. IN PARTICULAR, EPIGENETIC AGING IS A ROBUST PREDICTOR OF HEALTH-SPAN AND DISABILITY COMPARED TO CHRONOLOGICAL AGE ALONE. THE CURRENT STUDY AIMED TO DETERMINE WHETHER SEVERAL EPIGENETIC AGING BIOMARKERS WERE ASSOCIATED WITH HIGH IMPACT CHRONIC PAIN IN MIDDLE TO OLDER AGE ADULTS (44-78 YEARS OLD). PARTICIPANTS (N = 213) UNDERWENT A BLOOD DRAW, DEMOGRAPHIC, PSYCHOSOCIAL, PAIN AND FUNCTIONAL ASSESSMENTS. WE ESTIMATED FIVE EPIGENETIC CLOCKS AND CALCULATED THE DIFFERENCE BETWEEN EPIGENETIC AGE AND CHRONOLOGICAL AGE, WHICH HAS BEEN PREVIOUSLY REPORTED TO PREDICT OVERALL MORTALITY RISK, AS WELL AS INCLUDED ADDITIONAL DERIVED VARIABLES OF EPIGENETIC AGE PREVIOUSLY ASSOCIATED WITH PAIN. THERE WERE SIGNIFICANT DIFFERENCES ACROSS PAIN IMPACT GROUPS IN THREE OUT OF THE FIVE EPIGENETIC CLOCKS EXAMINED (DNAMAGE, DNAMPHENOAGE AND DNAMGRIMAGE), INDICATING THAT PAIN-RELATED DISABILITY DURING THE PAST 6 MONTHS WAS ASSOCIATED WITH MARKERS OF EPIGENETIC AGING. ONLY DNAMPHENOAGE AND DNAMGRIMAGE WERE ASSOCIATED WITH HIGHER KNEE PAIN INTENSITY DURING THE PAST 48 H. FINALLY, PAIN CATASTROPHIZING, DEPRESSIVE SYMPTOMATOLOGY AND MORE NEUROPATHIC PAIN SYMPTOMS WERE SIGNIFICANTLY ASSOCIATED WITH AN OLDER EPIGENOME IN ONLY ONE OF THE FIVE EPIGENETIC CLOCKS (I.E. DNAMGRIMAGE) AFTER CORRECTING FOR MULTIPLE COMPARISONS (CORRECTED P'S < 0.05). GIVEN THE SCANT LITERATURE IN RELATION TO EPIGENETIC AGING AND THE COMPLEX EXPERIENCE OF PAIN, ADDITIONAL RESEARCH IS NEEDED TO UNDERSTAND WHETHER EPIGENETIC AGING MAY HELP IDENTIFY PEOPLE WITH CHRONIC PAIN AT GREATER RISK OF FUNCTIONAL DECLINE AND POORER HEALTH OUTCOMES.	2022	
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            
18  3056  26 GENOME-WIDE DNA METHYLATION ANALYSIS IMPLICATES ENRICHMENT OF INTERFERON PATHWAY IN AFRICAN AMERICAN PATIENTS WITH SYSTEMIC LUPUS ERYTHEMATOSUS AND EUROPEAN AMERICANS WITH LUPUS NEPHRITIS. SYSTEMIC LUPUS ERYTHEMATOSUS (SLE) IS A CHRONIC, MULTISYSTEM, INFLAMMATORY AUTOIMMUNE DISEASE THAT DISPROPORTIONATELY AFFECTS WOMEN. TRENDS IN SLE PREVALENCE AND CLINICAL COURSE DIFFER BY ANCESTRY, WITH THOSE OF AFRICAN AMERICAN ANCESTRY PRESENTING WITH MORE ACTIVE, SEVERE AND RAPIDLY PROGRESSIVE DISEASE THAN EUROPEAN AMERICANS. PREVIOUS RESEARCH ESTABLISHED ALTERED EPIGENETIC SIGNATURES IN SLE PATIENTS COMPARED TO CONTROLS. HOWEVER, THE CONTRIBUTION OF ABERRANT DNA METHYLATION (DNAM) TO THE RISK OF SLE BY ANCESTRY AND DIFFERENCES AMONG PATIENTS WITH SLE-ASSOCIATED LUPUS NEPHRITIS (LN) HAS NOT BEEN WELL DESCRIBED. WE EVALUATED THE DNA METHYLOMES OF 87 INDIVIDUALS INCLUDING 41 SLE PATIENTS, WITH AND WITHOUT LN, AND 46 CONTROLS ENROLLED IN AN ANCESTRY DIVERSE, WELL-CHARACTERIZED COHORT STUDY OF ESTABLISHED SLE (41 SLE PATIENTS [20 SLE-LN+, 21 SLE-LN-] AND 46 SEX-, RACE- AND AGE-MATCHED CONTROLS; 55% AFRICAN AMERICAN, 45% EUROPEAN AMERICAN). PARTICIPANTS WERE GENOTYPED USING THE INFINIUM GLOBAL DIVERSITY ARRAY (GDA), AND GENETIC ANCESTRY WAS ESTIMATED USING PRINCIPAL COMPONENTS. GENOME-WIDE DNA METHYLATION WAS INITIALLY MEASURED USING THE ILLUMINA METHYLATIONEPIC 850K BEADCHIP ARRAY FOLLOWED BY METHYLATION-SPECIFIC QPCR TO VALIDATE THE METHYLATION STATUS AT PUTATIVE LOCI. DIFFERENTIALLY METHYLATED POSITIONS (DMP) WERE IDENTIFIED USING A CASE-CONTROL APPROACH ADJUSTED FOR ANCESTRY. WE IDENTIFIED A TOTAL OF 51 DMPS IN CPGS AMONG SLE PATIENTS COMPARED TO CONTROLS. GENES PROXIMAL TO THESE CPGS WERE HIGHLY ENRICHED FOR INVOLVEMENT IN TYPE I INTERFERON SIGNALING. DMPS AMONG EUROPEAN AMERICAN SLE PATIENTS WITH LN WERE SIMILAR TO AFRICAN AMERICAN SLE PATIENTS WITH AND WITHOUT LN. OUR FINDINGS WERE VALIDATED USING AN ORTHOGONAL, METHYL-SPECIFIC PCR FOR THREE SLE-ASSOCIATED DMPS NEAR OR PROXIMAL TO MX1, USP18, AND IFITM1. OUR STUDY CONFIRMS PREVIOUS REPORTS THAT DMPS IN CPGS ASSOCIATED WITH SLE ARE ENRICHED IN TYPE I INTERFERON GENES. HOWEVER, WE SHOW THAT EUROPEAN AMERICAN SLE PATIENTS WITH LN HAVE SIMILAR DNAM PATTERNS TO AFRICAN AMERICAN SLE PATIENTS IRRESPECTIVE OF LN, SUGGESTING THAT ABERRANT DNAM ALTERS ACTIVITY OF TYPE I INTERFERON PATHWAY LEADING TO MORE SEVERE DISEASE INDEPENDENT OF ANCESTRY.	2023	
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    
19  5395  33 REDUCED EPIGENETIC AGE IN OLDER ADULTS WITH HIGH SENSE OF PURPOSE IN LIFE. PSYCHOSOCIAL RISK FACTORS HAVE BEEN LINKED WITH ACCELERATED EPIGENETIC AGING, BUT LITTLE IS KNOWN ABOUT WHETHER PSYCHOSOCIAL RESILIENCE FACTORS (EG, SENSE OF PURPOSE IN LIFE) MIGHT REDUCE EPIGENETIC AGE ACCELERATION. IN THIS STUDY, WE TESTED IF OLDER ADULTS WHO EXPERIENCE HIGH LEVELS OF PURPOSE MIGHT SHOW REDUCED EPIGENETIC AGE ACCELERATION. WE EVALUATED THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN PURPOSE AND EPIGENETIC AGE ACCELERATION AS MEASURED BY 13 DNA METHYLATION (DNAM) "EPIGENETIC CLOCKS" ASSESSED IN 1 572 OLDER ADULTS FROM THE HEALTH AND RETIREMENT STUDY (MEAN AGE 70 YEARS). WE QUANTIFIED THE TOTAL ASSOCIATION BETWEEN PURPOSE AND DNAM AGE ACCELERATION AS WELL AS THE EXTENT TO WHICH THAT TOTAL ASSOCIATION MIGHT BE ATTRIBUTABLE TO DEMOGRAPHIC FACTORS, CHRONIC DISEASE, OTHER PSYCHOSOCIAL VARIABLES (EG, POSITIVE AFFECT), AND HEALTH-RELATED BEHAVIORS (HEAVY DRINKING, SMOKING, PHYSICAL ACTIVITY, AND BODY MASS INDEX [BMI]). PURPOSE IN LIFE WAS ASSOCIATED WITH REDUCED EPIGENETIC AGE ACCELERATION ACROSS 4 "SECOND-GENERATION" DNAM CLOCKS OPTIMIZED FOR PREDICTING HEALTH AND LONGEVITY (FALSE DISCOVERY RATE [FDR] Q < 0.0001: PHENOAGE, GRIMAGE, ZHANG EPIGENETIC MORTALITY INDEX; FDR Q < 0.05: DUNEDINPOAM). THESE ASSOCIATIONS WERE INDEPENDENT OF DEMOGRAPHIC AND PSYCHOSOCIAL FACTORS, BUT SUBSTANTIALLY ATTENUATED AFTER ADJUSTING FOR HEALTH-RELATED BEHAVIORS (DRINKING, SMOKING, PHYSICAL ACTIVITY, AND BMI). PURPOSE SHOWED NO SIGNIFICANT ASSOCIATION WITH 9 "FIRST-GENERATION" DNAM EPIGENETIC CLOCKS TRAINED ON CHRONOLOGICAL AGE. OLDER ADULTS WITH GREATER PURPOSE IN LIFE SHOW "YOUNGER" DNAM EPIGENETIC AGE ACCELERATION. THESE RESULTS MAY BE DUE IN PART TO ASSOCIATED DIFFERENCES IN HEALTH-RELATED BEHAVIORS. RESULTS SUGGEST NEW OPPORTUNITIES TO REDUCE BIOLOGICAL AGE ACCELERATION BY ENHANCING PURPOSE AND ITS BEHAVIORAL SEQUELAE IN LATE ADULTHOOD.	2023	
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                         
20    32  40 A CASE OF TYROSINE KINASE INHIBITOR-RESISTANT CHRONIC MYELOID LEUKEMIA, CHRONIC PHASE WITH ASXL1 MUTATION. HEMATOLOGICAL MALIGNANCIES, INCLUDING CHRONIC MYELOID LEUKEMIA (CML), EXHIBIT ASXL1 MUTATIONS; HOWEVER, THE FUNCTION AND MOLECULAR MECHANISM OF THESE MUTATIONS REMAIN UNCLEAR. ASXL1 WAS ORIGINALLY IDENTIFIED AS TUMOR SUPPRESSOR GENE, IN WHICH LOSS OF FUNCTION CAUSES MYELODYSPLASTIC SYNDROME (MDS). ASXL1 MUTATIONS ARE COMMON AND ASSOCIATED WITH DISEASE PROGRESSION IN MYELOID MALIGNANCIES INCLUDING MDS, ACUTE MYELOID LEUKEMIA, AND SIMILARLY IN CML. IN MDS, ASXL1 MUTATIONS HAVE BEEN ASSOCIATED WITH POOR PROGNOSIS; HOWEVER, THE IMPACT OF ASXL1 MUTATIONS IN CML HAS NOT BEEN WELL DESCRIBED. A 31-YEAR-OLD MALE WAS DIAGNOSED AS CML-CHRONIC PHASE (CP). LABORATORY FINDINGS SHOWED A WHITE BLOOD CELL COUNT OF 187,200/MICROL, WITH ASYMPTOMATIC SPLENOMEGALY. BLAST COUNT WAS 5.0% IN PERIPHERAL BLOOD AND 7.3% IN BONE MARROW. THERE WAS NO ADDITIONAL CHROMOSOMAL ABNORMALITY EXCEPT FOR T(9;22)(Q34;Q11.2) BY CHROMOSOMAL ANALYSIS. AT ONSET, THE SOKAL SCORE WAS 1.4, INDICATING HIGH RISK. THE PATIENT RECEIVED TYROSINE KINASE INHIBITOR (TKI) THERAPY, COMPRISING NILOTINIB APPROXIMATELY 600 MG/DAY, BOSUTINIB APPROXIMATELY 600 MG/DAY, PONATINIB APPROXIMATELY 45 MG/DAY, AND DASATINIB APPROXIMATELY 100 MG/DAY. NEVERTHELESS, AFTER 1.5 YEARS OF CONTINUOUS TKI THERAPY, THE BEST OUTCOME WAS A HEMATOLOGICAL RESPONSE. ALTHOUGH ADDITIONAL CHROMOSOMAL ABERRATIONS AND ABL1 KINASE MUTATIONS WERE ANALYZED REPEATEDLY BEFORE AND DURING TKI THERAPY, KNOWN GENETIC ABNORMALITIES WERE NOT DETECTED. THEREAFTER, THE PATIENT UNDERWENT BONE MARROW TRANSPLANTATION FROM AN HLA 7/8 MATCHED UNRELATED DONOR (HLA-CW 1 LOCUS MISMATCH, GRAFT-VERSUS-HOST DIRECTION). THE PATIENT ACHIEVED NEUTROPHIL ENGRAFTMENT, 18 DAYS AFTER TRANSPLANTATION, LEADING TO COMPLETE REMISSION WITH AN UNDETECTABLE LEVEL OF BCR-ABL1 MRNA. THE PATIENT, HOWEVER, DIED FROM GRAFT-VERSUS-HOST DISEASE AND THROMBOTIC MICROANGIOPATHY AFTER 121 DAYS. GENE SEQUENCE ANALYSIS OF HIS CML CELL BEFORE STEM CELL TRANSPLANTATION REVEALED ASXL1 MUTATIONS. PHYSIOLOGICALLY, ASXL1 CONTRIBUTES TO EPIGENETIC REGULATION. IN THE CML-CP PATIENT IN THIS CASE REPORT, ASXL1 MUTATION CONFERRED RESISTANCE TO TKI THROUGH OBSCURE RESISTANCE MECHANISMS. EVEN THOUGH A MOLECULAR MECHANISM FOR TKI RESISTANCE IN ASXL1 MUTATION IN CML HAS REMAINED OBSCURE, EPIGENETIC MODULATION IS A PLAUSIBLE MODE OF CML DISEASE PROGRESSION. THE CLINICAL IMPACT INCLUDING PROGNOSIS OF ASXL1 FOR CML IS UNDERSCORED. AND THE TREATMENT STRATEGY OF CML WITH ASXL1 MUTATION HAS NOT BEEN ESTABLISHED. A DISCUSSION OF THIS CASE WAS EXPECTED TO FACILITATE TREATMENT OPTIONS.	2020