1   536 121 ASXL1 MUTATIONS PREDICT INFERIOR MOLECULAR RESPONSE TO NILOTINIB TREATMENT IN CHRONIC MYELOID LEUKEMIA. GENE MUTATIONS INDEPENDENT OF BCR::ABL1 HAVE BEEN IDENTIFIED IN NEWLY DIAGNOSED PATIENTS WITH CHRONIC MYELOID LEUKEMIA (CML) IN CHRONIC PHASE, WHEREBY MUTATIONS IN EPIGENETIC MODIFIER GENES WERE MOST COMMON. THESE FINDINGS PROMPTED THE SYSTEMATIC ANALYSIS OF PREVALENCE, DYNAMICS, AND PROGNOSTIC SIGNIFICANCE OF SUCH MUTATIONS, IN A CLINICALLY WELL-CHARACTERIZED PATIENT POPULATION OF 222 CML PATIENTS FROM THE TIGER STUDY (CML-V) BY TARGETED NEXT-GENERATION SEQUENCING COVERING 54 MYELOID LEUKEMIA-ASSOCIATED GENES. IN TOTAL, 53/222 CML PATIENTS (24%) CARRIED 60 MUTATIONS AT DIAGNOSIS WITH ASXL1 BEING MOST COMMONLY AFFECTED (N = 20). TO STUDY MUTATION DYNAMICS, LONGITUDINAL DEEP SEQUENCING ANALYSIS OF SERIAL SAMPLES WAS PERFORMED IN 100 PATIENTS AFTER 12, 24, AND 36 MONTHS OF THERAPY. TYPICAL PATTERNS OF CLONAL EVOLUTION INCLUDED ERADICATION, PERSISTENCE, AND EMERGENCE OF MUTATED CLONES. PATIENTS CARRYING AN ASXL1 MUTATION AT DIAGNOSIS SHOWED A LESS FAVORABLE MOLECULAR RESPONSE TO NILOTINIB TREATMENT, AS A MAJOR MOLECULAR RESPONSE (MMR) WAS ACHIEVED LESS FREQUENTLY AT MONTH 12, 18, AND 24 COMPARED TO ALL OTHER PATIENTS. PATIENTS WITH ASXL1 MUTATIONS WERE ALSO YOUNGER AND MORE FREQUENTLY FOUND IN THE HIGH RISK CATEGORY, SUGGESTING A CENTRAL ROLE OF CLONAL EVOLUTION ASSOCIATED WITH ASXL1 MUTATIONS IN CML PATHOGENESIS.	2022	
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                
2  3588  37 IMPACT OF TP53 GENE PROMOTER METHYLATION ON CHRONIC LYMPHOCYTIC LEUKEMIA PATHOGENESIS AND PROGRESSION. BACKGROUND: CHRONIC LYMPHOCYTIC LEUKEMIA (CLL) IS A MALIGNANT LYMPHOID DISORDER THAT RESULTS FROM THE OVERGROWTH OF MATURE-LOOKING LYMPHOID CELLS IN THE BLOOD AND LYMPHATIC TISSUE. VARIOUS CLINICAL PRESENTATIONS HAVE BEEN ATTRIBUTED TO THE DISEASE AS A RESULT OF THE DIFFERENT UNDERLYING GENETIC AND EPIGENETIC ALTERATIONS. THE CURRENT STUDY HAS BEEN INITIATED TO STUDY THE ROLE OF AN EPIGENETIC ALTERATION AFFECTING THE PROMOTER OF THE TP53GENE ON CLL PATHOGENESIS AND PROGRESSION. METHODS: THE CURRENT STUDY INVOLVED 54 NEWLY DIAGNOSED PATIENTS PRESENTING WITH CLL AS WELL AS 30 NORMAL INDIVIDUALS AS CONTROLS. AFTER OBTAINING VERBAL CONSENT, DATA COLLECTION WAS DONE AND THE BLOOD COLLECTED FROM ALL ENROLLED INDIVIDUALS FOR HEMATOLOGICAL INVESTIGATIONS AS WELL AS FOR MOLECULAR CATEGORIZATION OF TP53 METHYLATION STATUS. METHYLATION-SPECIFIC POLYMERASE CHAIN REACTION (MS-PCR) TECHNIQUE WAS USED TO DEFINE THE METHYLATION STATUS OF THE TP53 GENE PROMOTER THAT ENCOMPASSES DNA EXTRACTION, BISULFITE CONVERSION, CONVENTIONAL PCR AMPLIFICATION, RUNNING ON AGAROSE GEL AND DOCUMENTATION. FINALLY, STATISTICAL ANALYSIS WAS DONE TO ASSESS ANY CORRELATION OF THE TP53 EPIGENETIC ALTERATION TO THE DISEASE ETIOLOGY AND THE PROGRESSION. RESULTS: IN THE CURRENT STUDY, ALL CONTROLS AND 42 OF 54 PATIENTS SHOW UNMETHYLATED TP53 GENE PROMOTER; ON THE OTHER HAND, THE METHYLATED PROMOTER WAS DETECTED AMONG 12 PATIENTS WITH A P-VALUE OF 0.001. TP53 GENE PROMOTER METHYLATION SIGNIFICANTLY LINKED TO REDUCED PLATELET COUNT (P-VALUE OF 0.047) AND ADVANCED STAGE AT PRESENTATION (P-VALUE OF 0.076). NO SIGNIFICANT DIFFERENCES WERE SEEN AMONG BOTH METHYLATED AND UNMETHYLATED TP53 PROMOTERS IN RELATION TO THE AGE OF THE AFFECTED INDIVIDUALS, TOTAL WHITE BLOOD CELL COUNTS AND HEMOGLOBIN LEVEL OF THE AFFECTED INDIVIDUALS. CONCLUSION: THE CURRENT STUDY REVEALED A SIGNIFICANT CORRELATION OF TP53 GENE PROMOTER METHYLATION TO CHRONIC LYMPHOCYTIC LEUKEMIA PATHOGENESIS AND LOWER PLATELET COUNTS.	2019	
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                         
3   149  30 ABERRANT HYDROXYMETHYLATION IN PROMOTER CPG REGIONS OF GENES RELATED TO THE CELL CYCLE AND APOPTOSIS CHARACTERIZES ADVANCED CHRONIC MYELOID LEUKEMIA DISEASE, POOR IMATINIB RESPONDENTS AND POOR SURVIVAL. BACKGROUND: THERE IS STRONG EVIDENCE THAT DISEASE PROGRESSION, DRUG RESPONSE AND OVERALL CLINICAL OUTCOMES OF CML DISEASE ARE NOT ONLY DECIDED BY BCR/ABL1 ONCOPROTEIN BUT DEPEND ON ACCUMULATION OF ADDITIONAL GENETIC AND EPIGENETIC ABERRATIONS. DNA HYDROXYMETHYLATION IS IMPLICATED IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF VARIETY OF DISEASES. DNA HYDROXYMETHYLATION IN GENE PROMOTERS PLAYS IMPORTANT ROLES IN DISEASE PROGRESSION, DRUG RESPONSE AND CLINICAL OUTCOME OF VARIOUS DISEASES. THEREFORE IN THIS STUDY, WE AIMED TO EXPLORE THE ROLE OF ABERRANT HYDROXYMETHYLATION IN PROMOTER REGIONS OF DIFFERENT TUMOR SUPPRESSOR GENES IN RELATION TO CML DISEASE PROGRESSION, RESPONSE TO IMATINIB THERAPY AND CLINICAL OUTCOME. METHODS: WE RECRUITED 150 CML PATIENTS AT DIFFERENT CLINICAL STAGES OF THE DISEASE. PATIENTS WERE FOLLOWED UP FOR 48 MONTHS AND HAEMATOLOGICAL/MOLECULAR RESPONSES WERE ANALYSED. HAEMATOLOGICAL RESPONSE WAS ANALYSED BY PERIPHERAL BLOOD SMEAR. BCR/ABL1 SPECIFIC TAQMAN PROBE BASED QRT-PCR WAS USED FOR ASSESSING THE MOLECULAR RESPONSE OF CML PATIENTS ON IMATINIB THERAPY. PROMOTER HYDROXYMETHYLATION OF THE GENES WAS CHARACTERIZED USING MS-PCR. RESULTS: WE OBSERVED THAT PROMOTER HYDROXYMETHYLATION OF DAPK1, RIZ1, P16INK4A, RASSF1A AND P14ARF(ARF) GENES CHARACTERIZE ADVANCED CML DISEASE AND POOR IMATINIB RESPONDENTS. ALTHOUGH, CYTOKINE SIGNALLING (SOCS1) GENE WAS HYPERMETHYLATED IN ADVANCED STAGES OF CML AND ACCUMULATED IN PATIENTS WITH POOR IMATINIB RESPONSE, BUT THE DIFFERENCES WERE NOT STATISTICALLY SIGNIFICANT. MOREOVER, WE FOUND HYPERMETHYLATION OF P14(ARF), RASSF1 AND P16(INK4A) GENES AND CYTOKINE SIGNALLING GENE (SOCS1) SIGNIFICANTLY ASSOCIATED WITH POOR OVERALL SURVIVAL OF CML PATIENTS ON IMATINIB THERAPY. THE RESULTS OF THIS STUDY ARE IN AGREEMENT OF THE ROLE OF ABERRANT DNA METHYLATION OF DIFFERENT TUMOR SUPPRESSOR GENES AS POTENTIAL BIOMARKERS OF CML DISEASE PROGRESSION, POOR IMATINIB RESPONSE AND OVERALL CLINICAL OUTCOME. CONCLUSION: IN THIS STUDY, WE REPORT THAT PROMOTER HYDROXYMETHYLATION OF DAPK1, RIZ1, P16INK4A, RASSF1A AND P14ARF(ARF) GENES IS A CHARACTERISTIC FEATURE OF CML DISEASE PROGRESSIONS, DEFINES POOR IMATINIB RESPONDENTS AND POOR OVERALL SURVIVAL OF CML PATIENTS TO IMATINIB THERAPY.	2022	

4  2765  28 EXPRESSION, EPIGENETIC REGULATION, AND HUMORAL IMMUNOGENICITY OF CANCER-TESTIS ANTIGENS IN CHRONIC MYELOID LEUKEMIA. OBJECTIVE: CANCER-TESTIS (CT) ANTIGENS REPRESENT ATTRACTIVE TARGETS FOR TUMOR IMMUNOTHERAPY BASED ON THEIR TUMOR-RESTRICTED EXPRESSION AND IMMUNOGENICITY. HOWEVER, A BROAD PICTURE OF THE EXPRESSION OF CT ANTIGENS AND ASSOCIATED HUMORAL IMMUNE RESPONSES IN CHRONIC MYELOID LEUKEMIA (CML) IS STILL MISSING. METHODS: WE SCREENED CML CELL LINES AND BONE MARROW (BM) SAMPLES FROM HEALTHY DONORS BY RT-PCR FOR THE EXPRESSION OF 31 CT ANTIGENS BEFORE AND AFTER TREATMENT WITH EPIGENETIC AGENTS. EXPRESSION OF TUMOR-RESTRICTED ANTIGENS WAS FURTHER EXAMINED IN 60 CML PATIENTS AND HUMORAL IMMUNE RESPONSES AGAINST 15 CT ANTIGENS WERE SCREENED BY ELISA. RESULTS: IN UNTREATED CELL LINES WE DETECTED THE EXPRESSION OF 17 CT ANTIGENS THAT WERE ABSENT FROM NORMAL BM. EXPRESSION OF MOST ANTIGENS INCREASED FOLLOWING DEMETHYLATING TREATMENT WITH 5'-AZA-2'-DEOXYCYTIDINE. IN THESE SAMPLES, ONLY PRAME WAS REPEATEDLY DETECTED AND EXPRESSION CORRELATED WITH SEVERAL CLINICOPATHOLOGICAL PARAMETERS AND DECREASED OVERALL SURVIVAL. WE FURTHER SHOW THAT A LOWER FREQUENCY OF PRAME-POSITIVE SAMPLES DURING IMATINIB TREATMENT WAS NOT CAUSED BY GENE-SPECIFIC DOWNREGULATION. ANALYZING THE PATIENTS' ANTIBODY RESPONSES WE FOUND THAT THE VAST MAJORITY OF PATIENTS LACKED SPONTANEOUS IMMUNITY AGAINST CT ANTIGENS INCLUDING PRAME. CONCLUSIONS: CT ANTIGEN EXPRESSION CAN BE INCREASED BY THE APPLICATION OF EPIGENETIC AGENTS AND THE EXPRESSION OF PRAME CORRELATES WITH CLINICOPATHOLOGICAL PARAMETERS AND OVERALL SURVIVAL IN PATIENTS WITH CML, BUT DOES NOT LEAD TO HUMORAL IMMUNE RESPONSES. PRAME-SPECIFIC IMMUNOTHERAPY MIGHT REPRESENT A PROMISING APPROACH FOR THE ERADICATION OF RESIDUAL THERAPY-RESISTANT LEUKEMIC CELLS DUE TO ITS FREQUENT EXPRESSION AND STABILITY UNDER IMATINIB TREATMENT.	2010	
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      
5  2682  25 EVALUATION OF SERUM LINE-1 HYPOMETHYLATION AS A PROGNOSTIC MARKER FOR HEPATOCELLULAR CARCINOMA. BACKGROUND AND STUDY AIMS: GLOBAL HYPOMETHYLATION IS ONE OF THE MOST CONSISTENT EPIGENETIC CHANGES IN CANCER. DEVELOPMENT OF HEPATOCELLULAR CARCINOMA (HCC) MUST BE UNDERSTOOD AS A MULTISTEP PROCESS WITH ACCUMULATION OF GENETIC AND EPIGENETIC ALTERATIONS. IN THE LAST DECADES, IN ADDITION TO GENETIC ALTERATIONS, EPIGENETIC CHANGES HAVE BEEN RECOGNIZED AS AN IMPORTANT AND ALTERNATIVE MECHANISM IN TUMOURIGENESIS. WE INVESTIGATED THE CLINICAL IMPLICATIONS OF GLOBAL HYPOMETHYLATION IN THE SERA OF PATIENTS WITH HEPATOCELLULAR CARCINOMA (HCC). PATIENTS AND METHODS: PCR WAS USED TO ASSESS THE METHYLATION STATUS OF LONG INTERSPERSED NUCLEAR ELEMENT TYPE 1 (LINE-1) REPETITIVE SEQUENCES IN GENOMIC DNA DERIVED FROM SERA OF 50 PATIENTS WITH HCC, 20 PATIENTS WITH CIRRHOSIS, 20 PATIENTS WITH CHRONIC HEPATITIS C AND 10 HEALTHY SUBJECTS. RESULTS: SERUM GENOME HYPOMETHYLATION WAS SIGNIFICANTLY INCREASED IN PATIENTS WITH HCC (P<0.001). THE LEVELS OF SERUM LINE-1 HYPOMETHYLATION AT INITIAL PRESENTATION CORRELATED SIGNIFICANTLY WITH TUMOUR SIZE, TUMOUR NUMBER AND ALPHA-FOETOPROTEIN LEVEL. MOREOVER HIGH SERUM LINE-1 HYPOMETHYLATION CORRELATES SIGNIFICANTLY WITH POOR SURVIVAL. CONCLUSION: SERUM LINE-1 HYPOMETHYLATION MAY SERVE AS A PROGNOSTIC MARKER FOR PATIENTS WITH HCC.	2011	
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        
6  3560  30 IMPACT OF CLINICAL, CYTOGENETIC, AND MOLECULAR PROFILES ON LONG-TERM SURVIVAL AFTER TRANSPLANTATION IN PATIENTS WITH CHRONIC MYELOMONOCYTIC LEUKEMIA. CHRONIC MYELOMONOCYTIC LEUKEMIA (CMML) IS A HETEROGENEOUS GROUP OF CLONAL HEMATOPOIETIC MALIGNANCIES WITH VARIABLE CLINICAL AND MOLECULAR FEATURES. WE ANALYZED LONG-TERM RESULTS OF ALLOGENEIC HEMATOPOIETIC CELL TRANSPLANTATION IN PATIENTS WITH CMML AND DETERMINED CLINICAL AND MOLECULAR RISK FACTORS ASSOCIATED WITH OUTCOMES. DATA FROM 129 PATIENTS, AGED 7-74 (MEDIAN 55) YEARS, AT VARIOUS STAGES OF THE DISEASE AND TRANSPLANTED FROM RELATED OR UNRELATED DONORS WERE ANALYZED. USING A PANEL OF 75 GENES SOMATIC MUTATIONS PRESENT BEFORE HEMATOPOIETIC CELL TRANSPLANTATION WERE IDENTIFIED IN 52 PATIENTS. THE PROGRESSION-FREE SURVIVAL RATE AT 10 YEARS WAS 29%. THE MAJOR CAUSE OF DEATH WAS RELAPSE (32%), WHICH WAS SIGNIFICANTLY ASSOCIATED WITH ADVERSE CYTOGENETICS (HAZARD RATIO, 3.77; P=0.0002), CMML PROGNOSTIC SCORING SYSTEM (HAZARD RATIO, 14.3, P=0.01), AND MD ANDERSON PROGNOSTIC SCORES (HAZARD RATIO, 9.4; P=0.005). MORTALITY WAS ASSOCIATED WITH HIGH-RISK CYTOGENETICS (HAZARD RATIO, 1.88; P=0.01) AND HIGH HEMATOPOIETIC CELL TRANSPLANTATION COMORBIDITY INDEX (SCORE >/=4: HAZARD RATIO, 1.99; P=0.01). HIGH OVERALL MUTATION BURDEN (>/=10 MUTATIONS: HAZARD RATIO, 3.4; P=0.02), AND >/=4 MUTATED EPIGENETIC REGULATORY GENES (HAZARD RATIO 5.4; P=0.003) WERE LINKED TO RELAPSE. UNSUPERVISED CLUSTERING OF THE CORRELATION MATRIX REVEALED DISTINCT HIGH-RISK GROUPS WITH UNIQUE ASSOCIATIONS OF MUTATIONS AND CLINICAL FEATURES. CMML WITH A HIGH MUTATION BURDEN APPEARED TO BE DISTINCT FROM HIGH-RISK GROUPS DEFINED BY COMPLEX CYTOGENETICS. NEW TRANSPLANT STRATEGIES MUST BE DEVELOPED TO TARGET SPECIFIC DISEASE SUBGROUPS, STRATIFIED BY MOLECULAR PROFILING AND CLINICAL RISK FACTORS.	2020	
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       
7    18  34 5-AZACYTIDINE MODULATES CPG METHYLATION LEVELS OF EZH2 AND NOTCH1 IN MYELODYSPLASTIC SYNDROMES. PURPOSE: MOLECULAR MECHANISMS OF RESPONSE TO HYPOMETHYLATING AGENTS IN PATIENTS WITH MYELODYSPLASTIC SYNDROMES (MDS) AND CHRONIC MYELOMONOCYTIC LEUKEMIA (CMML) STILL REMAIN LARGELY UNKNOWN. THEREFORE, THE EFFECTS OF 5-AZACYTIDINE (AZA) ON CLONAL ARCHITECTURE AND DNA METHYLATION WERE INVESTIGATED IN THIS STUDY. METHODS: USING NEXT-GENERATION SEQUENCING (NGS), 30 MYELOID LEUKEMIA-ASSOCIATED GENES WERE ANALYZED IN 15 MDS/CMML PATIENTS WITH EXCELLENT RESPONSE TO AZA. EFFECTS ON METHYLATION LEVELS WERE ANALYZED BY QUANTITATIVE METHYLATION ANALYSIS USING PYROSEQUENCING FOR THE GLOBAL METHYLATION MARKER LINE-1 IN PATIENTS AND MYELOID CELL LINES. VARIOUS MYELOID CELL LINES AND A HEALTHY COHORT WERE SCREENED FOR METHYLATION LEVELS IN 23 GENES. SELECTED TARGETS WERE VERIFIED ON THE MDS/CMML COHORT. RESULTS: THE STUDY PRESENTED HERE SHOWED A STABLE VARIANT ALLELE FREQUENCY AND STABLE GLOBAL METHYLATION LEVELS IN RESPONDING PATIENTS. A SIGNIFICANT DEMETHYLATION OF EZH2 AND NOTCH1 WAS REVEALED IN PATIENTS WITH AZA RESPONSE. CONCLUSIONS: A RESPONSE TO AZA IS NOT ASSOCIATED WITH ERADICATION OF MALIGNANT CLONES, BUT RATHER WITH A STABILIZATION OF THE CLONAL ARCHITECTURE. WE SUGGEST CHANGES IN CPG METHYLATION LEVELS OF EZH2 AND NOTCH1 AS POTENTIAL TARGETS OF EPIGENETIC RESPONSE TO AZA TREATMENT WHICH MAY ALSO SERVE AS USEFUL BIOMARKERS AFTER CLINICAL EVALUATION.	2019	
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                     
8  1561  30 DNA METHYLATION OF CHRONIC LYMPHOCYTIC LEUKEMIA WITH DIFFERENTIAL RESPONSE TO CHEMOTHERAPY. ACQUIRED RESISTANCE TO CHEMOTHERAPY IS AN IMPORTANT CLINICAL PROBLEM AND CAN ALSO OCCUR WITHOUT DETECTABLE CYTOGENETIC ABERRATIONS OR GENE MUTATIONS. CHRONIC LYMPHOCYTIC LEUKEMIA (CLL) IS MOLECULARLY WELL CHARACTERIZED AND HAS BEEN ELEMENTAL FOR ESTABLISHING CENTRAL PARADIGMS IN ONCOLOGY. THIS PROMPTED US TO CHECK WHETHER SPECIFIC EPIGENETIC CHANGES AT THE LEVEL OF DNA METHYLATION MIGHT UNDERLIE DEVELOPMENT OF TREATMENT RESISTANCE. WE USED ILLUMINA INFINIUM HUMANMETHYLATION450 BEADCHIPS TO OBTAIN DNA METHYLATION PROFILES OF 71 CLL PATIENTS WITH DIFFERENTIAL RESPONSES. THIRTY-SIX PATIENTS WERE CATEGORIZED AS RELAPSED/REFRACTORY AFTER TREATMENT WITH FLUDARABINE OR BENDAMUSTINE AND 21 OF THEM HAD GENETIC ABERRATIONS OF TP53. THE OTHER 35 PATIENTS WERE UNTREATED AT THE TIME OF SAMPLING AND 15 OF THEM HAD GENETIC ABERRATION OF TP53. ALTHOUGH WE COULD NOT CORRELATE CHEMORESISTANCE WITH EPIGENETIC CHANGES, THE PATIENTS WERE COMPREHENSIVELY CHARACTERIZED REGARDING RELEVANT PROGNOSTIC AND MOLECULAR MARKERS (E.G. IGHV MUTATION STATUS, CHROMOSOME ABERRATIONS, TP53 MUTATION STATUS, CLINICAL PARAMETERS), WHICH MAKES OUR DATASET A UNIQUE AND VALUABLE RESOURCE THAT CAN BE USED BY RESEARCHERS TO TEST ALTERNATIVE HYPOTHESES.	2020	
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                     
9  1577  24 DNA METHYLATION PROFILE IN CHRONIC MYELOMONOCYTIC LEUKEMIA ASSOCIATES WITH DISTINCT CLINICAL, BIOLOGICAL AND GENETIC FEATURES. CHROMOSOMAL ABNORMALITIES ARE DETECTED IN 20-30% OF PATIENTS WITH CHRONIC MYELOMONOCYTIC LEUKEMIA (CMML) AND CORRELATE WITH PROGNOSIS. ON THE MUTATION LEVEL, DISRUPTIVE ALTERATIONS ARE PARTICULARLY FREQUENT IN CHROMATIN REGULATORY GENES. HOWEVER, LITTLE IS KNOWN ABOUT THE CONSEQUENTIAL ALTERATIONS IN THE EPIGENETIC MARKING OF THE GENOME. HERE, WE REPORT THE ANALYSIS OF GENOMIC DNA METHYLATION PATTERNS OF 64 CMML PATIENTS AND 10 HEALTHY CONTROLS, USING A DNA METHYLATION MICROARRAY FOCUSED ON PROMOTER REGIONS. DIFFERENTIAL METHYLATION ANALYSIS BETWEEN PATIENTS AND CONTROLS ALLOWED US TO IDENTIFY ABNORMALITIES IN DNA METHYLATION, INCLUDING HYPERMETHYLATION OF SPECIFIC GENES AND LARGE GENOME REGIONS WITH ABERRANT DNA METHYLATION. UNSUPERVISED HIERARCHICAL CLUSTER ANALYSIS IDENTIFIED TWO MAIN CLUSTERS THAT ASSOCIATED WITH THE CLINICAL, BIOLOGICAL, AND GENETIC FEATURES OF PATIENTS. GROUP 1 WAS ENRICHED IN PATIENTS WITH ADVERSE CLINICAL AND BIOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS AND POORER OVERALL AND PROGRESSION-FREE SURVIVAL. IN ADDITION, SIGNIFICANT DIFFERENCES IN DNA METHYLATION WERE OBSERVED BETWEEN PATIENTS WITH LOW RISK AND INTERMEDIATE/HIGH RISK KARYOTYPES AND BETWEEN TET2 MUTANT AND WILD TYPE PATIENTS. TAKEN TOGETHER, OUR RESULTS DEMONSTRATE THAT ALTERED DNA METHYLATION PATTERNS REFLECT THE CMML DISEASE STATE AND ALLOW TO IDENTIFY PATIENT GROUPS WITH DISTINCT CLINICAL FEATURES.	2018	
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                               
10  5979  33 TET2 MUTATIONS ARE ASSOCIATED WITH SPECIFIC 5-METHYLCYTOSINE AND 5-HYDROXYMETHYLCYTOSINE PROFILES IN PATIENTS WITH CHRONIC MYELOMONOCYTIC LEUKEMIA. CHRONIC MYELOMONOCYTIC LEUKEMIA (CMML) HAS RECENTLY BEEN ASSOCIATED WITH A HIGH INCIDENCE OF DIVERSE MUTATIONS IN GENES SUCH AS TET2 OR EZH2 THAT ARE IMPLICATED IN EPIGENETIC MECHANISMS. WE HAVE PERFORMED GENOME-WIDE DNA METHYLATION ARRAYS AND MUTATIONAL ANALYSIS OF TET2, IDH1, IDH2, EZH2 AND JAK2 IN A GROUP OF 24 PATIENTS WITH CMML. 249 GENES WERE DIFFERENTIALLY METHYLATED BETWEEN CMML PATIENTS AND CONTROLS. USING INGENUITY PATHWAY ANALYSIS, WE IDENTIFIED ENRICHMENT IN A GENE NETWORK CENTERED AROUND PLC, JNK AND ERK SUGGESTING THAT THESE PATHWAYS, WHOSE DEREGULATION HAS BEEN RECENTLY DESCRIBED IN CMML, ARE AFFECTED BY EPIGENETIC MECHANISMS. MUTATIONS OF TET2, JAK2 AND EZH2 WERE FOUND IN 15 PATIENTS (65%), 4 PATIENTS (17%) AND 1 PATIENT (4%) RESPECTIVELY WHILE NO MUTATIONS IN THE IDH1 AND IDH2 GENES WERE IDENTIFIED. INTERESTINGLY, PATIENTS WITH WILD TYPE TET2 CLUSTERED SEPARATELY FROM PATIENTS WITH TET2 MUTATIONS, SHOWED A HIGHER DEGREE OF HYPERMETHYLATION AND WERE ASSOCIATED WITH HIGHER RISK KARYOTYPES. OUR RESULTS DEMONSTRATE THE PRESENCE OF ABERRANT DNA METHYLATION IN CMML AND IDENTIFIES TET2 MUTANT CMML AS A BIOLOGICALLY DISTINCT DISEASE SUBTYPE WITH A DIFFERENT EPIGENETIC PROFILE.	2012	
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                   
11   353  28 ALTERED LEVELS OF IMMUNE-REGULATORY MICRORNAS IN PLASMA SAMPLES OF PATIENTS WITH LUPUS NEPHRITIS. INTRODUCTION: LUPUS NEPHRITIS (LN) IS A MAJOR CAUSE OF MORTALITY AND MORBIDITY IN THE PATIENTS WITH LUPUS, A CHRONIC AUTOIMMUNE DISEASE. THE ROLE OF GENETIC AND EPIGENETIC FACTORS IS EMPHASIZED IN THE PATHOGENESIS OF LN. THE AIM OF THE PRESENT STUDY WAS TO EVALUATE THE LEVELS OF IMMUNE-REGULATORY MICRORNAS (E.G., MIR-31, MIR-125A, MIR-142-3P, MIR-146A, AND MIR-155) IN PLASMA SAMPLES OF PATIENTS WITH LN. METHODS: IN THIS STUDY, 26 PATIENTS WITH LN AND 26 HEALTHY INDIVIDUALS WERE INCLUDED. THE PLASMA LEVELS OF THE MICRORNAS WERE EVALUATED BY A QUANTITATIVE REAL-TIME PCR. MOREOVER, THE CORRELATION OF CIRCULATING PLASMA MICRORNAS WITH DISEASE ACTIVITY AND PATHOLOGICAL FINDINGS ALONG WITH THEIR ABILITY TO DISTINGUISH PATIENTS WITH LN WERE ASSESSED. RESULTS: PLASMA LEVELS OF MIR-125A (P = 0.048), MIR-146A (P = 0.005), AND MIR-155 (P< 0.001) WERE SIGNIFICANTLY HIGHER IN COMPARISON BETWEEN THE CASES AND CONTROLS. THE PLASMA LEVEL OF MIR-146A SIGNIFICANTLY CORRELATED WITH THE LEVEL OF ANTI-DOUBLE STRAND-DNA ANTIBODY AND PROTEINURIA. MOREOVER, THERE WAS A SIGNIFICANT CORRELATION BETWEEN MIR-142-3P LEVELS AND DISEASE CHRONICITY AND ACTIVITY INDEX (P <0.05). THE MULTIVARIATE ROC CURVE ANALYSIS INDICATED THE PLASMA CIRCULATING MIR-125A, MIR-142-3P, MIR-146, AND MIR-155 TOGETHER COULD DISCRIMINATE MOST OF THE PATIENTS WITH LN FROM CONTROLS WITH AREA AN UNDER CURVE (AUC) OF 0.89 [95% CI, 0.80-0.98, P<0.001], 88% SENSITIVITY, AND 78% SPECIFICITY. CONCLUSION: BASED ON THE FINDINGS OF THE PRESENT STUDY, THE STUDIED MICRORNAS MAY BE INVOLVED IN THE PATHOGENESIS AND DEVELOPMENT OF LN AND HAVE THE POTENTIAL TO BE USED AS DIAGNOSTIC AND THERAPEUTIC MARKERS IN LN.	2018	
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    
12  5606  33 RPPA-BASED PROTEOMICS RECOGNIZES DISTINCT EPIGENETIC SIGNATURES IN CHRONIC LYMPHOCYTIC LEUKEMIA WITH CLINICAL CONSEQUENCES. THE CHRONIC LYMPHOCYTIC LEUKEMIA (CLL) ARMAMENTARIUM HAS EVOLVED SIGNIFICANTLY, WITH NOVEL THERAPIES THAT INHIBIT BRUTON TYROSINE KINASE, PI3K DELTA AND/OR THE BCL2 PROTEIN IMPROVING OUTCOMES. STILL, THE CLINICAL COURSE OF CLL PATIENTS IS HIGHLY VARIABLE AND MOST PREVIOUSLY RECOGNIZED PROGNOSTIC FEATURES LACK THE CAPACITY TO PREDICT RESPONSE TO MODERN TREATMENTS INDICATING THE NEED FOR NEW PROGNOSTIC MARKERS. IN THIS STUDY, WE IDENTIFIED FOUR EPIGENETICALLY DISTINCT PROTEOMIC SIGNATURES OF A LARGE COHORT OF CLL AND RELATED DISEASES DERIVED SAMPLES (N = 871) USING REVERSE PHASE PROTEIN ARRAY TECHNOLOGY. THESE SIGNATURES ARE ASSOCIATED WITH CLINICAL FEATURES INCLUDING AGE, CYTOGENETIC ABNORMALITIES [TRISOMY 12, DEL(13Q) AND DEL(17P)], IMMUNOGLOBULIN HEAVY-CHAIN LOCUS (IGHV) MUTATIONAL LOAD, ZAP-70 STATUS, BINET AND RAI STAGING AS WELL AS WITH THE OUTCOME MEASURES OF TIME TO TREATMENT AND OVERALL SURVIVAL. PROTEIN SIGNATURE MEMBERSHIP WAS IDENTIFIED AS PREDICTIVE MARKER FOR OVERALL SURVIVAL REGARDLESS OF OTHER CLINICAL FEATURES. AMONG THE ANALYZED EPIGENETIC PROTEINS, EZH2, HDAC6, AND LOSS OF H3K27ME3 LEVELS WERE THE MOST INDEPENDENTLY ASSOCIATED WITH POOR SURVIVAL. THESE FINDINGS DEMONSTRATE THAT PROTEOMIC BASED EPIGENETIC BIOMARKERS CAN BE USED TO BETTER CLASSIFY CLL PATIENTS AND PROVIDE THERAPEUTIC GUIDANCE.	2022	
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              
13  6680  32 USING PERIPHERAL BLOOD CIRCULATING DNAS TO DETECT CPG GLOBAL METHYLATION STATUS AND GENETIC MUTATIONS IN PATIENTS WITH MYELODYSPLASTIC SYNDROME. MYELODYSPLASTIC SYNDROME (MDS) IS A HEMATOPOIETIC STEM CELL DISORDER. SEVERAL GENETIC/EPIGENETIC ABNORMALITIES ARE DEEPLY ASSOCIATED WITH THE PATHOGENESIS OF MDS. ALTHOUGH BONE MARROW (BM) ASPIRATION IS A COMMON STRATEGY TO OBTAIN MDS CELLS FOR EVALUATING THEIR GENETIC/EPIGENETIC ABNORMALITIES, BM ASPIRATION IS DIFFICULT TO PERFORM REPEATEDLY TO OBTAIN SERIAL SAMPLES BECAUSE OF PAIN AND SAFETY CONCERNS. HERE, WE REPORT THAT CIRCULATING CELL-FREE DNAS FROM PLASMA AND SERUM OF PATIENTS WITH MDS CAN BE USED TO DETECT GENETIC/EPIGENETIC ABNORMALITIES. THE PLASMA DNA CONCENTRATION WAS FOUND TO BE RELATIVELY HIGH IN PATIENTS WITH HIGHER BLAST CELL COUNTS IN BM, AND ACCUMULATION OF DNA FRAGMENTS FROM MONO-/DI-NUCLEOSOMES WAS CONFIRMED. USING SERIAL PERIPHERAL BLOOD (PB) SAMPLES FROM PATIENTS TREATED WITH HYPOMETHYLATING AGENTS, GLOBAL METHYLATION ANALYSIS USING BISULFITE PYROSEQUENCING WAS PERFORMED AT THE SPECIFIC CPG SITES OF THE LINE-1 PROMOTER. THE RESULTS CONFIRMED A DECREASE OF THE METHYLATION PERCENTAGE AFTER TREATMENT WITH AZACITIDINE (DAYS 3-9) USING DNAS FROM PLASMA, SERUM, AND PB MONO-NUCLEAR CELLS (PBMNC). PLASMA DNA TENDS TO SHOW MORE RAPID CHANGE AT DAYS 3 AND 6 COMPARED WITH SERUM DNA AND PBMNC. FURTHERMORE, THE TET2 GENE MUTATION IN DNAS FROM PLASMA, SERUM, AND BM CELLS WAS QUANTITATED BY PYROSEQUENCING ANALYSIS. THE EXISTENCE RATIO OF MUTATED GENES IN PLASMA AND SERUM DNA SHOWED ALMOST EQUIVALENT LEVEL WITH THAT IN THE CD34+/38- STEM CELL POPULATION IN BM. THESE DATA SUGGEST THAT GENETIC/EPIGENETIC ANALYSES USING PB CIRCULATING DNA CAN BE A SAFER AND PAINLESS ALTERNATIVE TO USING BM CELLS.	2012	
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                
14  2719  40 EXOME SEQUENCING REVEALS DNMT3A AND ASXL1 VARIANTS ASSOCIATE WITH PROGRESSION OF CHRONIC MYELOID LEUKEMIA AFTER TYROSINE KINASE INHIBITOR THERAPY. OBJECTIVE: THE DEVELOPMENT OF TYROSINE KINASE INHIBITORS (TKIS) HAS SIGNIFICANTLY IMPROVED THE TREATMENT OF CHRONIC MYELOID LEUKEMIA (CML). HOWEVER, APPROXIMATELY ONE THIRD OF PATIENTS ARE RESISTANT TO TKI AND/OR PROGRESS TO ADVANCED DISEASE STAGES. TKI THERAPY FAILURE HAS A WELL-KNOWN ASSOCIATION WITH ABL1 KINASE DOMAIN (KD) MUTATIONS, BUT ONLY AROUND HALF OF TKI NON-RESPONDERS HAVE DETECTABLE ABL1 KD MUTATIONS. METHOD: WE ATTEMPT TO IDENTIFY GENETIC MARKERS ASSOCIATED WITH TKI THERAPY FAILURE IN 13 PATIENTS (5 RESISTANT, 8 PROGRESSED) WITHOUT ABL1 KD MUTATIONS USING WHOLE-EXOME SEQUENCING. RESULTS: IN 6 PATIENTS, WE DETECTED MUTATIONS IN 6 GENES COMMONLY MUTATED IN OTHER MYELOID NEOPLASMS: ABL1, ASXL1, DNMT3A, IDH1, SETBP1, AND TP63. WE THEN USED TARGETED DEEP SEQUENCING TO VALIDATE OUR FINDING IN AN INDEPENDENT COHORT CONSISTING OF 100 CML PATIENTS WITH VARYING DRUG RESPONSES (74 RESPONSIVE, 18 RESISTANT, AND 8 PROGRESSED PATIENTS). MUTATIONS IN GENES ASSOCIATED WITH EPIGENETIC REGULATIONS SUCH AS DNMT3A AND ASXL1 SEEM TO PLAY AN IMPORTANT ROLE IN THE PATHOGENESIS OF CML PROGRESSION AND TKI-RESISTANCE INDEPENDENT OF ABL1 KD MUTATIONS. CONCLUSION: THIS STUDY SUGGESTS THE INVOLVEMENT OF OTHER SOMATIC MUTATIONS IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF TKI RESISTANT PROGRESSION TO ADVANCED DISEASE STAGES IN CML, PARTICULARLY IN PATIENTS LACKING ABL1 KD MUTATIONS.	2017	
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                   
15   780  34 CELL-FREE DNA PROMOTER HYPERMETHYLATION IN PLASMA AS A DIAGNOSTIC MARKER FOR PANCREATIC ADENOCARCINOMA. BACKGROUND: PANCREATIC CANCER HAS A 5-YEAR SURVIVAL RATE OF ONLY 5-7%. DIFFICULTIES IN DETECTING PANCREATIC CANCER AT EARLY STAGES RESULTS IN THE HIGH MORTALITY AND SUBSTANTIATES THE NEED FOR ADDITIONAL DIAGNOSTIC TOOLS. SURGERY IS THE ONLY CURATIVE TREATMENT AND UNFORTUNATELY ONLY POSSIBLE IN LOCALIZED TUMOURS. A DIAGNOSTIC BIOMARKER FOR PANCREATIC CANCER WILL HAVE A MAJOR IMPACT ON PATIENT SURVIVAL BY FACILITATING EARLY DETECTION AND THE POSSIBILITY FOR CURATIVE TREATMENT. DNA PROMOTER HYPERMETHYLATION IS A MECHANISM OF EARLY CARCINOGENESIS, WHICH CAN CAUSE INACTIVATION OF TUMOUR SUPPRESSOR GENES. THE AIM OF THIS STUDY WAS TO EXAMINE PROMOTER HYPERMETHYLATION IN A PANEL OF SELECTED GENES FROM CELL-FREE DNA, AS A DIAGNOSTIC MARKER FOR PANCREATIC ADENOCARCINOMA. METHODS: PATIENTS WITH SUSPECTED OR BIOPSY-VERIFIED PANCREATIC CANCER WERE INCLUDED PROSPECTIVELY AND CONSECUTIVELY. PATIENTS WITH CHRONIC/ACUTE PANCREATITIS WERE INCLUDED AS ADDITIONAL BENIGN CONTROL GROUPS. BASED ON AN OPTIMIZED ACCELERATED BISULFITE TREATMENT PROTOCOL, METHYLATION-SPECIFIC PCR OF A 28 GENE PANEL WAS PERFORMED ON PLASMA SAMPLES. A DIAGNOSTIC PREDICTION MODEL WAS DEVELOPED BY MULTIVARIABLE LOGISTIC REGRESSION ANALYSIS USING BACKWARD STEPWISE ELIMINATION. RESULTS: PATIENTS WITH PANCREATIC ADENOCARCINOMA (N = 95), CHRONIC PANCREATITIS (N = 97) AND ACUTE PANCREATITIS (N = 59) AND PATIENTS SCREENED, BUT NEGATIVE FOR PANCREATIC ADENOCARCINOMA (N = 27), WERE INCLUDED. THE DIFFERENCE IN MEAN NUMBER OF METHYLATED GENES IN THE CANCER GROUP (8.41 (95% CI 7.62-9.20)) VS THE TOTAL CONTROL GROUP (4.74 (95% CI 4.40-5.08)) WAS HIGHLY SIGNIFICANT (P < 0.001). A DIAGNOSTIC PREDICTION MODEL (AGE >65, BMP3, RASSF1A, BNC1, MESTV2, TFPI2, APC, SFRP1 AND SFRP2) HAD AN AREA UNDER THE CURVE OF 0.86 (SENSITIVITY 76%, SPECIFICITY 83%). THE MODEL PERFORMANCE WAS INDEPENDENT OF CANCER STAGE. CONCLUSIONS: CELL-FREE DNA PROMOTER HYPERMETHYLATION HAS THE POTENTIAL TO BE A DIAGNOSTIC MARKER FOR PANCREATIC ADENOCARCINOMA AND DIFFERENTIATE BETWEEN MALIGNANT AND BENIGN PANCREATIC DISEASE. THIS STUDY BRINGS US CLOSER TO A CLINICAL USEFUL DIAGNOSTIC MARKER FOR PANCREATIC CANCER, WHICH IS URGENTLY NEEDED. EXTERNAL VALIDATION IS, HOWEVER, REQUIRED BEFORE THE TEST CAN BE APPLIED IN THE CLINIC. TRIAL REGISTRATION: CLINICALTRIALS.GOV, NCT02079363.	2016	
 
16  4555  33 MUTATIONAL SPECTRUM ANALYSIS OF CHRONIC MYELOMONOCYTIC LEUKEMIA INCLUDES GENES ASSOCIATED WITH EPIGENETIC REGULATION: UTX, EZH2, AND DNMT3A. CHRONIC MYELOMONOCYTIC LEUKEMIA (CMML), A MYELODYSPLASTIC/MYELOPROLIFERATIVE NEOPLASM, IS CHARACTERIZED BY MONOCYTIC PROLIFERATION, DYSPLASIA, AND PROGRESSION TO ACUTE MYELOID LEUKEMIA. CMML HAS BEEN ASSOCIATED WITH SOMATIC MUTATIONS IN DIVERSE RECENTLY IDENTIFIED GENES. WE ANALYZED 72 WELL-CHARACTERIZED PATIENTS WITH CMML (N = 52) AND CMML-DERIVED ACUTE MYELOID LEUKEMIA (N = 20) FOR RECURRENT CHROMOSOMAL ABNORMALITIES WITH THE USE OF ROUTINE CYTOGENETICS AND SINGLE NUCLEOTIDE POLYMORPHISM ARRAYS ALONG WITH COMPREHENSIVE MUTATIONAL SCREENING. CYTOGENETIC ABERRATIONS WERE PRESENT IN 46% OF CASES, WHEREAS SINGLE NUCLEOTIDE POLYMORPHISM ARRAY INCREASED THE DIAGNOSTIC YIELD TO 60%. AT LEAST 1 MUTATION WAS FOUND IN 86% OF ALL CASES; NOVEL UTX, DNMT3A, AND EZH2 MUTATIONS WERE FOUND IN 8%, 10%, AND 5.5% OF PATIENTS, RESPECTIVELY. TET2 MUTATIONS WERE PRESENT IN 49%, ASXL1 IN 43%, CBL IN 14%, IDH1/2 IN 4%, KRAS IN 7%, NRAS IN 4%, AND JAK2 V617F IN 1% OF PATIENTS. VARIOUS MUTANT GENOTYPE COMBINATIONS WERE OBSERVED, INDICATING MOLECULAR HETEROGENEITY IN CMML. OUR RESULTS SUGGEST THAT MOLECULAR DEFECTS AFFECTING DISTINCT PATHWAYS CAN LEAD TO SIMILAR CLINICAL PHENOTYPES.	2011	
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      
17  2090  28 EPIGENETIC DYSREGULATION OF THE WNT SIGNALLING PATHWAY IN CHRONIC LYMPHOCYTIC LEUKAEMIA. BACKGROUND: WNT SIGNALLING HAS RECENTLY BEEN IMPLICATED IN THE PATHOGENESIS OF CANCER. METHODS: THIS STUDY INVESTIGATED THE ACTIVITY OF WNT SIGNALLING IN PERIPHERAL BLOOD CHRONIC LYMPHOCYTIC LEUKAEMIA (CLL) LYMPHOCYTES, AND THE METHYLATION STATUS OF SEVEN SOLUBLE WNT ANTAGONIST GENES, INCLUDING WIF1, DKK3, APC, SFRP1, SFRP2, SFRP4 AND SFRP5, BY USING METHYLATION-SPECIFIC PCR IN THE PERIPHERAL BLOOD CLL LYMPHOCYTES AND BONE MARROW SAMPLES OF PATIENTS WITH CLL AT DIAGNOSIS. RESULTS: IN THE PERIPHERAL BLOOD CLL LYMPHOCYTES, CONSTITUTIVE ACTIVATION OF WNT SIGNALLING WAS DETECTED, ASSOCIATED WITH HYPERMETHYLATION OF THE SOLUBLE WNT INHIBITOR GENES. IN THE DIAGNOSTIC CLL MARROW SAMPLES, METHYLATION OF THE SEVEN GENES WAS DETECTED IN UP TO 36.4% OF SAMPLES. MOREOVER, 23 (52.3%) PATIENTS HAD METHYLATION OF AT LEAST ONE OF THE SEVEN GENES, OF WHOM 14 (60.8%) HAD METHYLATION OF TWO OR MORE WNT INHIBITOR GENES. APART FROM AN ASSOCIATION OF ADVANCED AGE WITH DKK3 METHYLATION, THERE WAS NO ASSOCIATION OF GENE HYPERMETHYLATION WITH EITHER CLINICAL CHARACTERISTICS (INCLUDING AGE, GENDER, LYMPHOCYTE COUNT AT DIAGNOSIS, RAI STAGE AND POOR-RISK KARYOTYPE) OR SURVIVAL. CONCLUSION: WNT SIGNALLING IS CONSTITUTIVELY ACTIVATED IN CLL B LYMPHOCYTES IN ASSOCIATION WITH METHYLATION OF MULTIPLE SOLUBLE WNT ANTAGONIST GENES. METHYLATION OF THESE SOLUBLE WNT ANTAGONIST GENES, OCCASIONALLY MULTIPLE GENES, IN PRIMARY CLL MARROW SAMPLES SUGGESTS AN IMPORTANT ROLE IN CLL PATHOGENESIS. MOREOVER, THIS STUDY UNDERSCORED THE IMPORTANCE OF STUDYING METHYLATION OF A PANEL OF, BUT NOT INDIVIDUAL, GENES REGULATING A CELLULAR PATHWAY.	2008	
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              
18  6386  29 THE ROLE OF QUANTITATIVE NPTX2 HYPERMETHYLATION AS A NOVEL SERUM DIAGNOSTIC MARKER IN PANCREATIC CANCER. OBJECTIVES: THE MAJORITY OF PANCREATIC CANCERS ARE FOUND TO BE UNRESECTABLE, AND THE ONLY CHANCE FOR CURE LIES ON EARLY DETECTION AND COMPLETE RESECTION. SEVERAL GENES HAVE BEEN DISCOVERED TO BE ABERRANTLY METHYLATED IN PRIMARY PANCREATIC CANCER TISSUE, AND THIS CANCER DNA CAN BE DETECTED IN THE PLASMA. THE AIMS OF THIS STUDY WERE TO DEVELOP A NOVEL DIAGNOSTIC MARKER BASED ON EPIGENETIC CHARACTERISTICS OF PANCREATIC CANCER. METHODS: WE ENROLLED 104 PATIENTS WITH PANCREATIC CANCER, 60 WITH CHRONIC PANCREATITIS, AND 5 WITH BENIGN BILIARY STONE DISEASES. THE BLOOD SAMPLES WERE COLLECTED BEFORE SURGERY OR ANY KINDS OF TREATMENT MODALITIES. DNA WAS EXTRACTED FROM THE PLASMA OF EACH PATIENT, AND NPTX2 (NEURONAL PENTRAXIN II) CPG ISLAND HYPERMETHYLATION WAS EXAMINED QUANTITATIVELY BY REAL-TIME POLYMERASE CHAIN REACTION. RESULTS: NPTX2 HYPERMETHYLATION LEVELS WERE SIGNIFICANTLY HIGHER COMPARED WITH CHRONIC PANCREATITIS (P = 0.016). THE SENSITIVITY AND SPECIFICITY WERE 80% AND 76%, RESPECTIVELY (CUTOFF = 0.015). NPTX2 GENE HYPERMETHYLATION LEVEL WAS SIGNIFICANTLY ELEVATED IN CORRELATION WITH HIGHER AMERICAN JOINT COMMITTEE ON CANCER STAGES. CONCLUSIONS: THE ABERRANTLY METHYLATED NPTX2 GENE MAY HELP TO DISTINGUISH BETWEEN CHRONIC PANCREATITIS AND PANCREATIC CANCER WITH CONVENTIONAL DIAGNOSTIC TOOLS AND COULD BECOME A VALUABLE DIAGNOSTIC MARKER.	2012	
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      
19  1968  27 EPIGENETIC ALTERATION OF THE SOCS1 GENE IN CHRONIC MYELOID LEUKAEMIA. THE EXPRESSION OF THE SUPPRESSOR OF CYTOKINE SIGNALLING-1 (SOCS1) PROTEIN IS INDUCED IN RESPONSE TO STIMULATION BY SEVERAL CYTOKINES. THE INDUCED SOCS1 INHIBITS THE SIGNALLING PATHWAY THROUGH THE ASSOCIATION WITH A VARIETY OF TYROSINE KINASE PROTEINS. IN THIS STUDY, THE MUTATION ANALYSES, CPG ISLAND METHYLATION STATUS, AND THE EXPRESSION OF THE SOCS1 GENE IN 112 CHRONIC MYELOID LEUKAEMIA (CML) SAMPLES, FIVE LEUKAEMIA CELL LINES, AND 30 NORMAL CONTROLS WERE ANALYSED. NO GENETIC MUTATIONS OF SOCS1 GENE WERE NOTED IN THE CML SAMPLES. THE SOCS1 GENE WAS HYPERMETHYLATED IN 67% AND 46% OF THE BLASTIC AND CHRONIC PHASE CML SAMPLES RESPECTIVELY (P < 0.0001). HOWEVER, THERE WAS NO METHYLATION OF THE SOCS1 GENE IN NORMAL CONTROLS OR CML IN MOLECULAR REMISSION. THE METHYLATION STATUS OF THE SOCS1 GENE IS CONSISTENT WITH THE RESULTS OF THE REAL-TIME QUANTITATIVE REVERSE TRANSCRIPTION POLYMERASE CHAIN REACTION AND IMMUNOCYTOCHEMISTRY STAINING. OUR RESULTS DEMONSTRATE THAT THE SOCS1 GENE SILENCING IS CAUSED BY THE METHYLATION OF CPG ISLANDS IN CML AND IS REVERSED TO AN UNMETHYLATED STATUS IN MOLECULAR REMISSION. AS SOCS1 HAS UNIVERSAL ACTIVITY TO NEGATIVELY REGULATE SEVERAL CYTOKINE SIGNALLING PATHWAYS, THE LOSS OF THE NEGATIVE REGULATION OF CYTOKINE SIGNALLING BY THE SOCS1 MAY PLAY A ROLE IN THE PATHOGENESIS OF CML PROGRESSION.	2003	
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                             
20  2848  43 FREQUENT SOMATIC MUTATIONS IN EPIGENETIC REGULATORS IN NEWLY DIAGNOSED CHRONIC MYELOID LEUKEMIA. ALTHOUGH TYROSINE KINASE INHIBITORS (TKIS) HAVE SIGNIFICANTLY IMPROVED THE PROGNOSIS OF CHRONIC MYELOID LEUKEMIA (CML), THE ABILITY OF TKIS TO ERADICATE CML REMAINS UNCERTAIN AND PATIENTS MUST CONTINUE TKI THERAPY FOR INDEFINITE PERIODS. IN THIS STUDY, WE PERFORMED WHOLE-EXOME SEQUENCING TO IDENTIFY SOMATIC MUTATIONS IN 24 PATIENTS WITH NEWLY DIAGNOSED CHRONIC PHASE CML WHO WERE REGISTERED IN THE JALSG CML212 STUDY. WE IDENTIFIED 191 SOMATIC MUTATIONS OTHER THAN THE BCR-ABL1 FUSION GENE (MEDIAN 8, RANGE 1-17). AGE, HEMOGLOBIN CONCENTRATION AND WHITE BLOOD CELL COUNTS WERE CORRELATED WITH THE NUMBER OF MUTATIONS. PATIENTS WITH MUTATIONS ?6 SHOWED HIGHER RATE OF ACHIEVING MAJOR MOLECULAR RESPONSE THAN THOSE<6 (P=0.0381). MUTATIONS IN EPIGENETIC REGULATOR, ASXL1, TET2, TET3, KDM1A AND MSH6 WERE FOUND IN 25% OF PATIENTS. TET2 OR TET3, AKT1 AND RUNX1 WERE MUTATED IN ONE PATIENT EACH. ASXL1 WAS MUTATED WITHIN EXON 12 IN THREE CASES. MUTATED GENES WERE SIGNIFICANTLY ENRICHED WITH CELL SIGNALING AND CELL DIVISION PATHWAYS. FURTHERMORE, DNA COPY NUMBER ANALYSIS SHOWED THAT 2 OF 24 PATIENTS HAD UNIPARENTAL DISOMY OF CHROMOSOME 1P OR 3Q, WHICH DISAPPEARED MAJOR MOLECULAR RESPONSE WAS ACHIEVED. THESE MUTATIONS MAY PLAY SIGNIFICANT ROLES IN CML PATHOGENESIS IN ADDITION TO THE STRONG DRIVER MUTATION BCR-ABL1.	2017