1  2665 143 ESTABLISHMENT OF A NOVEL MYELODYSPLASTIC SYNDROME (MDS) XENOTRANSPLANTATION MODEL. BACKGROUND: MYELODYSPLASTIC SYNDROME (MDS) IS A CLONAL DISEASE OF THE ELDERLY CHARACTERIZED BY CHRONIC CYTOPENIA, DYSPLASIA, AND A HIGH RISK OF PROGRESSION TO ACUTE MYELOID LEUKEMIA (AML). UP UNTIL NOW, FEW ANIMAL MODELS THAT FULLY RECAPITULATE CLINICAL FEATURES OF THIS DISEASE HAVE BEEN AVAILABLE. METHODS: THIS STUDY AIMED TO ESTABLISH A NEW MDS XENOGRAFT MODEL UTILIZING A HUMAN MDS-DERIVED CELL LINE WITH HETEROZYGOUS Y641C MUTATION OF EZH2 (SKM-1). 1 X 107 SKM-1 CELLS WERE INOCULATED INTO ANTI-MOUSE CD122 MONOANTIBODY CONDITIONED NONOBESE DIABETIC SEVERE COMBINED IMMUNODEFICIENCY (NOD/SCID) MICE BY INTRAVENOUS INJECTION. DECITABINE WAS INJECTED INTRAPERITONEALLY FOR EVALUATION OF EPIGENETIC DRUGS IN VIVO. RESULTS: IT IS SHOWN THAT THE HETEROZYGOUS Y641C MUTATION IN THE EZH2 GENE MUTATION, WHICH MAY DESTABILIZE THE PROTEIN (??G = 1.46 KCAL/MOL), CAN BE FOUND IN SKM-1 CELLS. MOST MICE PRESENTED ANEMIA AND LEUKOPENIA AT THREE TO FOUR WEEKS AFTER INOCULATION. THE PERIPHERAL BLOOD AND BONE MARROW SMEAR SHOWED PROMINENT DYSPLASIA ON ERYTHROCYTES AND GRANULOCYTES AS WELL AS MONOCYTES. CONCLUSIONS: THESE FINDINGS SUGGEST THAT INTRAVENOUS INOCULATION OF CELLS FROM THE HUMAN MDS-DERIVED CELL LINE PRIOR TO TARGETED DEPLETION OF CD122+ CELLS COULD PROVIDE A NOVEL MDS-LIKE XENOTRANSPLANT MOUSE MODEL. IT IS A USEFUL TOOL FOR EVALUATING POTENTIAL EXISTING AND NOVEL THERAPEUTICS FOR MDS.	2016	
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       
2  5453  33 REPROGRAMMING OF COPD LUNG FIBROBLASTS THROUGH FORMATION OF INDUCED PLURIPOTENT STEM CELLS. REPROGRAMMING SOMATIC CELLS TO INDUCED PLURIPOTENT STEM CELLS (IPSCS) ELIMINATES MANY EPIGENETIC MODIFICATIONS THAT CHARACTERIZE DIFFERENTIATED CELLS. IN THIS STUDY, WE TESTED WHETHER FUNCTIONAL DIFFERENCES BETWEEN CHRONIC OBSTRUCTIVE PULMONARY DISEASE (COPD) AND NON-COPD FIBROBLASTS COULD BE REDUCED UTILIZING THIS APPROACH. PRIMARY FIBROBLASTS FROM NON-COPD AND COPD PATIENTS WERE REPROGRAMMED TO IPSCS. REPROGRAMMED IPSCS WERE POSITIVE FOR OCT3/4, NANOG, AND SOX2, FORMED EMBRYOID BODIES IN VITRO, AND INDUCED TERATOMAS IN NONOBESE DIABETIC/SEVERE COMBINED IMMUNODEFICIENT MICE. REPROGRAMMED IPSCS WERE THEN DIFFERENTIATED INTO FIBROBLASTS (NON-COPD-I AND COPD-I) AND WERE ASSESSED EITHER FUNCTIONALLY BY CHEMOTAXIS AND GEL CONTRACTION OR FOR GENE EXPRESSION BY MICROARRAYS AND COMPARED WITH THEIR CORRESPONDING PRIMARY FIBROBLASTS. PRIMARY COPD FIBROBLASTS CONTRACTED THREE-DIMENSIONAL COLLAGEN GELS AND MIGRATED TOWARD FIBRONECTIN LESS ROBUSTLY THAN NON-COPD FIBROBLASTS. IN CONTRAST, REDIFFERENTIATED FIBROBLASTS FROM IPSCS DERIVED FROM THE NON-COPD AND COPD FIBROBLASTS WERE SIMILAR IN RESPONSE IN BOTH FUNCTIONAL ASSAYS. MICROARRAY ANALYSIS IDENTIFIED 1,881 GENES THAT WERE DIFFERENTIALLY EXPRESSED BETWEEN PRIMARY COPD AND NON-COPD FIBROBLASTS, WITH 605 GENES DIFFERING BY MORE THAN TWOFOLD. AFTER REDIFFERENTIATION, 112 GENES WERE DIFFERENTIALLY EXPRESSED BETWEEN COPD-I AND NON-COPD-I WITH ONLY THREE GENES BY MORE THAN TWOFOLD. SIMILAR FINDINGS WERE OBSERVED WITH MICRORNA (MIRNA) EXPRESSION: 56 MIRNAS WERE DIFFERENTIALLY EXPRESSED BETWEEN NON-COPD AND COPD PRIMARY CELLS; AFTER REDIFFERENTIATION, ONLY 3 MIRNAS WERE DIFFERENTIALLY EXPRESSED BETWEEN NON-COPD-I AND COPD-I FIBROBLASTS. INTERESTINGLY, OF THE 605 GENES THAT WERE DIFFERENTIALLY EXPRESSED BETWEEN COPD AND NON-COPD FIBROBLASTS, 293 GENES WERE CHANGED TOWARD CONTROL AFTER REDIFFERENTIATION. IN CONCLUSION, FUNCTIONAL AND EPIGENETIC ALTERATIONS OF COPD FIBROBLASTS CAN BE REPROGRAMMED THROUGH FORMATION OF IPSCS.	2014	
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              
3   240  31 ADIPOCYTE EXPRESSION OF SLC19A1 LINKS DNA HYPERMETHYLATION TO ADIPOSE TISSUE INFLAMMATION AND INSULIN RESISTANCE. CONTEXT: INSULIN RESISTANCE (IR) IS PROMOTED BY A CHRONIC LOW-GRADE INFLAMMATION IN WHITE ADIPOSE TISSUE (WAT). THE LATTER MIGHT BE REGULATED THROUGH EPIGENETIC MECHANISMS SUCH AS DNA METHYLATION. THE ONE CARBON CYCLE (1CC) IS A CENTRAL METABOLIC PROCESS GOVERNING DNA METHYLATION. OBJECTIVE: TO IDENTIFY ADIPOCYTE-EXPRESSED 1CC GENES LINKED TO WAT INFLAMMATION, IR, AND THEIR CAUSAL ROLE. DESIGN: COHORT STUDY. SETTING: OUTPATIENT ACADEMIC CLINIC. PARTICIPANTS: OBESE AND NONOBESE SUBJECTS. METHODS: GENE EXPRESSION AND DNA METHYLATION ARRAYS WERE PERFORMED IN SUBCUTANEOUS WAT AND ISOLATED ADIPOCYTES. IN IN VITRO DIFFERENTIATED HUMAN ADIPOCYTES, GENE KNOCKDOWN WAS ACHIEVED BY SMALL INTERFERING RNA, AND ANALYSES INCLUDED MICROARRAY, QUANTITATIVE POLYMERASE CHAIN REACTION, DNA METHYLATION BY ENZYME-LINKED IMMUNOSORBENT ASSAY AND PYROSEQUENCING, PROTEIN SECRETION BY ENZYME-LINKED IMMUNOSORBENT ASSAY, TARGETED METABOLOMICS, AND LUCIFERASE REPORTER AND THERMAL SHIFT ASSAYS. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: EFFECTS ON ADIPOCYTE INFLAMMATION. RESULTS: IN ADIPOCYTES FROM OBESE INDIVIDUALS, GLOBAL DNA HYPERMETHYLATION WAS ASSOCIATED POSITIVELY WITH GENE EXPRESSION OF PROINFLAMMATORY PATHWAYS. AMONG THE 1CC GENES, IR IN VIVO AND PROINFLAMMATORY GENE EXPRESSION IN WAT WERE MOST STRONGLY AND INVERSELY ASSOCIATED WITH SLC19A1, A GENE ENCODING A MEMBRANE FOLATE CARRIER. SLC19A1 KNOCKDOWN IN HUMAN ADIPOCYTES PERTURBED INTRACELLULAR 1CC METABOLISM, INDUCED GLOBAL DNA HYPERMETHYLATION, AND INCREASED EXPRESSION OF PROINFLAMMATORY GENES. SEVERAL CPG LOCI LINKED SLC19A1 TO INFLAMMATION; VALIDATION STUDIES WERE FOCUSED ON THE CHEMOKINE C-C MOTIF CHEMOKINE LIGAND 2 (CCL2) IN WHICH METHYLATION IN THE PROMOTER (CG12698626) REGULATED CCL2 EXPRESSION AND CCL2 SECRETION THROUGH ALTERED TRANSCRIPTIONAL ACTIVITY. CONCLUSIONS: REDUCED SLC19A1 EXPRESSION IN HUMAN ADIPOCYTES INDUCES DNA HYPERMETHYLATION, RESULTING IN INCREASED EXPRESSION OF SPECIFIC PROINFLAMMATORY GENES, INCLUDING CCL2. THIS CONSTITUTES AN EPIGENETIC MECHANISM THAT MIGHT LINK DYSFUNCTIONAL ADIPOCYTES TO WAT INFLAMMATION AND IR.	2018	
                                                                                                                                                                                       
4   906  22 CHRONIC EXPOSURE TO ENVIRONMENTAL LEVEL PHENANTHRENE INDUCES NON-OBESITY-DEPENDENT INSULIN RESISTANCE IN MALE MICE. EPIDEMIOLOGICAL EVIDENCE SHOWS THAT THE BODY BURDEN OF POLYCYCLIC AROMATIC HYDROCARBONS (PAHS) IS RELATED TO THE DISRUPTION OF GLUCOSE HOMEOSTASIS. HOWEVER, THE CONTRIBUTION OF PAHS TO THE DEVELOPMENT OF DIABETES REMAINS POORLY DOCUMENTED. IN THE CURRENT WORK, MALE KUNMING MICE RECEIVED PHENANTHRENE (PHE) (5, 50, AND 500 NG/KG) BY GAVAGE ADMINISTRATION ONCE EVERY 2 DAYS FOR 28 WEEKS. THE SIGNIFICANT ELEVATION OF HOMEOSTASIS MODEL ASSESSMENT-INSULIN RESISTANCE (HOMA-IR) AND HOMA-BETA CELL, ACCOMPANIED BY HYPERINSULINEMIA, INDICATED THE OCCURRENCE OF INSULIN RESISTANCE. THE SUPPRESSION OF THE INSULIN RECEPTOR SIGNALING PATHWAY IN SKELETAL MUSCLE MIGHT BE RESPONSIBLE FOR GLUCOSE INTOLERANCE. UNDER THE NONOBESE STATE, THE SERUM LEVELS OF RESISTIN, TUMOR NECROSIS FACTOR-ALPHA, AND INTERLEUKIN-6 WERE ELEVATED, WHEREAS THE LEVELS OF ADIPONECTIN WERE REDUCED. THESE CHANGES IN ADIPOCYTOKINE LEVELS WERE CONSISTENT WITH THEIR TRANSCRIPTION IN WHITE ADIPOSE TISSUE. THE PROMOTER METHYLATION LEVELS OF RETN (ENCODING RESISTIN) AND ADIPOQ (ENCODING ADIPONECTIN) WERE INVERSELY CORRELATED WITH THEIR MRNA LEVELS, INDICATING THAT PHE EXPOSURE COULD CAUSE THE DISRUPTION OF ADIPOCYTOKINE SECRETION VIA EPIGENETIC MODIFICATION. THE RESULTS WOULD BE HELPFUL FOR UNDERSTANDING THE PATHOGENESIS IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF T2DM CAUSED BY NONOBESOGENIC POLLUTANTS.	2020	
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    
5  4811  34 OBESITY-ASSOCIATED ALTERATIONS IN INFLAMMATION, EPIGENETICS, AND MAMMARY TUMOR GROWTH PERSIST IN FORMERLY OBESE MICE. USING A MURINE MODEL OF BASAL-LIKE BREAST CANCER, WE TESTED THE HYPOTHESIS THAT CHRONIC OBESITY, AN ESTABLISHED BREAST CANCER RISK AND PROGRESSION FACTOR IN WOMEN, INDUCES MAMMARY GLAND EPIGENETIC REPROGRAMMING AND INCREASES MAMMARY TUMOR GROWTH. MOREOVER, WE ASSESSED WHETHER THE OBESITY-INDUCED EPIGENETIC AND PROTUMOR EFFECTS ARE REVERSED BY WEIGHT NORMALIZATION. OVARIECTOMIZED FEMALE C57BL/6 MICE WERE FED A CONTROL DIET OR DIET-INDUCED OBESITY (DIO) REGIMEN FOR 17 WEEKS, RESULTING IN A NORMAL WEIGHT OR OBESE PHENOTYPE, RESPECTIVELY. MICE ON THE DIO REGIMEN WERE THEN RANDOMIZED TO CONTINUE THE DIO DIET OR WERE SWITCHED TO THE CONTROL DIET, RESULTING IN FORMERLY OBESE (FOB) MICE WITH WEIGHTS COMPARABLE WITH CONTROL MICE. AT WEEK 24, ALL MICE WERE ORTHOTOPICALLY INJECTED WITH MMTV-WNT-1 MOUSE MAMMARY TUMOR CELLS. MEAN TUMOR VOLUME, SERUM IL6 LEVELS, EXPRESSION OF PROINFLAMMATORY GENES IN THE MAMMARY FAT PAD, AND MAMMARY DNA METHYLATION PROFILES WERE SIMILAR IN DIO AND FOB MICE AND HIGHER THAN IN CONTROLS. MANY OF THE GENES FOUND TO HAVE OBESITY-ASSOCIATED HYPERMETHYLATION IN MICE WERE ALSO FOUND TO BE HYPERMETHYLATED IN THE NORMAL BREAST TISSUE OF OBESE VERSUS NONOBESE HUMAN SUBJECTS, AND NEARLY ALL OF THESE CONCORDANT GENES REMAINED HYPERMETHYLATED AFTER SIGNIFICANT WEIGHT LOSS IN THE FOB MICE. OUR FINDINGS SUGGEST THAT WEIGHT NORMALIZATION MAY NOT BE SUFFICIENT TO REVERSE THE EFFECTS OF CHRONIC OBESITY ON EPIGENETIC REPROGRAMMING AND INFLAMMATORY SIGNALS IN THE MICROENVIRONMENT THAT ARE ASSOCIATED WITH BREAST CANCER PROGRESSION. CANCER PREV RES; 9(5); 339-48. (C)2016 AACR.	2016	
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        
6  2749  31 EXPRESSION AND POLYMORPHISM OF MICRO-RNA ACCORDING TO BODY MASS INDEX AND BREAST CANCER PRESENTATION IN TUNISIAN PATIENTS. MICRO-RNAS (MIRS) CONSTITUTE A CLASS OF SMALL NONCODING RNAS IMPLICATED IN THE REGULATION OF GENE EXPRESSION BY BINDING TO TARGET MRNAS. A MIR CAN TARGET SEVERAL MRNAS, BEING INVOLVED IN DIFFERENT BIOLOGIC PROCESSES AND PATHOLOGIES. THIS PLEIOTROPIC FUNCTION MIGHT EXPLAIN THE LINK BETWEEN DISEASES CO-OCCURRENCE. EPIGENETIC ORIGIN OF THE LINK BETWEEN OBESITY AND BREAST CANCER (BC) IS INVESTIGATED IN A COHORT OF TUNISIAN PATIENTS, FOCUSING ON POLYMORPHISM AT GERMLINE LEVEL (MIR-146A) AND ON EXPRESSION IN MAMMARY TUMORS (MIR-21, MIR-146A, AND MIR-34A), ACCORDING TO BODY MASS INDEX (BMI) AND CLINICO-PATHOLOGIC FEATURES. THE MEASURE OF MIR EXPRESSION IN 60 MAMMARY TUMORS WAS REALIZED USING QUANTITATIVE RT-PCR. STUDY OF RS 2910164 IN MIR-146A WAS PERFORMED BY PCR AND DIRECT SEQUENCING USING BLOOD DNA OF 83 AFFECTED WOMEN AND 50 UNRELATED SUBJECTS FROM GREAT TUNIS. MIR-21, MIR-146A, AND MIR-34A HAVE BEEN QUANTIFIED IN BREAST TUMOR ACCORDING TO BMI. MIR-21 IS SIGNIFICANTLY MORE EXPRESSED IN TUMORS OF OBESE WOMEN COMPARATIVELY TO NONOBESE PATIENTS. ON THE CONTRARY, MIR-34A IS DECREASED IN TUMORS OF OBESE WOMEN. MOREOVER, IN OBESE BC PATIENTS, A SIGNIFICANT INCREASE IN BOTH MIR-21 AND MIR-146A EXPRESSION IS REVEALED IN CASES WITH LYMPH NODE METASTASIS. THE POLYMORPHISM AT RS 2910164 (MIR-146A) LOCUS WAS NOT SHOWN AS A RISK FACTOR FOR BC. HOWEVER THE MUTANT CC GENOTYPE WAS REVEALED TO BE ASSOCIATED WITH A RISK FOR BAD OUTCOME OF THE DISEASE. CHRONIC INFLAMMATION IN OBESE WOMEN WOULD BE LINKED TO AGGRESSIVE BREAST TUMORS VIA INDUCTION OF ONCOMIRS OVEREXPRESSION AND DECREASE OF TUMOR SUPPRESSOR MIRS.	2019	
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                     
7  4349  30 MIR-155 AND MIR-122 EXPRESSION OF SPERMATOZOA IN OBESE SUBJECTS. OBESITY IS CHARACTERIZED BY MILD CHRONIC INFLAMMATION THAT IS LINKED WITH IMPAIRED IRON HOMEOSTASIS. STUDIES IN HUMAN AND MURINE SHOW THAT THERE IS A TRANSGENERATIONAL EPIGENETIC INHERITANCE VIA THE GAMETES IN OBESITY; HOWEVER, THERE IS LITTLE INFORMATION ON CHANGES IN THE EXPRESSION OF MICRORNAS RELATED TO INFLAMMATION AND IRON HOMEOSTASIS IN SPERMATOZOA FROM OBESE SUBJECTS. THE PRESENT STUDY INVESTIGATED THE EXPRESSION OF MICRORNAS RELATED TO INFLAMMATION (MIR-21 Y MIR-155) AND IRON NUTRITION (MIR-122 AND MIR-200B) IN PLASMA, PERIPHERAL BLOOD MONONUCLEAR CELLS (PBMC) AND SPERMATOZOA FROM NORMOZOOSPERMIC CONTROLS (CN; N = 17; BMI: 24.6 +/- 2.0) AND OBESE (OB; N = 17; BMI: 32.6 +/- 4.4) MEN. TO DETERMINE THE INFLAMMATION LEVELS, WE MEASURED IL-6, TNF-ALPHA, AND MONOCYTE CHEMOATTRACTANT PROTEIN-1 (MCP1) BY MAGNETIC LUMINEX((R)) ASSAY. MRNA EXPRESSION OF IL6, TNF-ALPHA, AND HEPCIDIN (HAMP) IN PBMC WERE EVALUATED BY RT-QPCR. THE ANALYSIS OF MICRORNAS WAS PERFORMED USING THE TAQMAN((R)) ASSAYS. THE IRON CONTENT IN PBMC, SEMINAL PLASMA, AND SPERMATOZOA WAS DETERMINED BY INDUCTIVELY COUPLED PLASMA MASS SPECTROMETRY (ICP-MS). HIGH SERUM IL6, TNF-ALPHA, AND MCP1 LEVELS WERE OBSERVED IN OB GROUP (P < 0.05). GENE EXPRESSION ANALYSIS SHOWED AN INCREASED ABUNDANCE RELATIVE OF TNF-ALPHA (P = 0.018), HAMP (P = 0.03), AND IL6 (P = 0.02) IN PBMC FROM OBESE SUBJECTS. ALSO, WE OBSERVED HIGH LEVELS OF SERUM FERRITIN (P = 0.03), IRON CONTENT IN SEMINAL PLASMA (P = 0.04), AND SPERMATOZOA (P = 0.002), BUT LOWER SERUM FE (P = 0.007) IN OBESE SUBJECTS. IN THE OB GROUP, A HIGH EXPRESSION OF MIR-155 (P = 0.02) AND MIR-21 (P = 0.03) WAS OBSERVED IN PBMC AND MIR-122 (P = 0.03) IN PLASMA. IN SPERM, BOTH MIR-155 (P = 0.004) AND MIR-122 (P = 0.028) WERE HIGH IN THE OB GROUP. OUR RESULTS SHOWED THAT OBESE SUBJECTS HAVE INCREASED EXPRESSIONS OF MIR-155 AND MIR-122, TWO MICRORNAS THAT WERE PREVIOUSLY RELATED WITH INFLAMMATION AND IRON METABOLISM, RESPECTIVELY, AT BOTH THE SYSTEMIC AND SPERM LEVELS.	2018	
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              
8  3410  31 HOXA5 UNDERGOES DYNAMIC DNA METHYLATION AND TRANSCRIPTIONAL REPRESSION IN THE ADIPOSE TISSUE OF MICE EXPOSED TO HIGH-FAT DIET. BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: THE GENOMIC BASES OF THE ADIPOSE TISSUE ABNORMALITIES INDUCED BY CHRONIC POSITIVE CALORIE EXCESS HAVE BEEN ONLY PARTIALLY ELUCIDATED. WE ADOPTED A GENOME-WIDE APPROACH TO DIRECTLY TEST WHETHER LONG-TERM HIGH-FAT DIET (HFD) EXPOSURE AFFECTS THE DNA METHYLATION PROFILE OF THE MOUSE ADIPOSE TISSUE AND TO IDENTIFY THE FUNCTIONAL CONSEQUENCES OF THESE CHANGES. SUBJECTS/METHODS: WE HAVE USED EPIDIDYMAL FAT OF MICE FED EITHER HIGH-FAT (HFD) OR REGULAR CHOW (STD) DIET FOR 5 MONTHS AND PERFORMED GENOME-WIDE DNA METHYLATION ANALYSES BY METHYLATED DNA IMMUNOPRECIPITATION SEQUENCING (MEDIP-SEQ). MOUSE HOMEOBOX (HOX) GENE DNA METHYLATION PCR, RT-QPCR AND BISULPHITE SEQUENCING ANALYSES WERE THEN PERFORMED. RESULTS: MICE FED THE HFD PROGRESSIVELY EXPANDED THEIR ADIPOSE MASS ACCOMPANIED BY A SIGNIFICANT DECREASE IN GLUCOSE TOLERANCE (P<0.001) AND INSULIN SENSITIVITY (P<0.05). MEDIP-SEQ DATA ANALYSIS REVEALED A UNIFORM DISTRIBUTION OF DIFFERENTIALLY METHYLATED REGIONS (DMR) THROUGH THE ENTIRE ADIPOCYTE GENOME, WITH A HIGHER NUMBER OF HYPERMETHYLATED REGIONS IN HFD MICE (P<0.005). THIS DIFFERENT METHYLATION PROFILE WAS ACCOMPANIED BY INCREASED EXPRESSION OF THE DNMT3A DNA METHYLTRANSFERASE (DNMT; P<0.05) AND THE METHYL-CPG-BINDING DOMAIN PROTEIN MBD3 (P<0.05) GENES IN HFD MICE. GENE ONTOLOGY ANALYSIS REVEALED THAT, IN THE HFD-TREATED MICE, THE HOX FAMILY OF DEVELOPMENT GENES WAS HIGHLY ENRICHED IN DIFFERENTIALLY METHYLATED GENES (P=0.008). TO VALIDATE THIS FINDING, HOXA5, WHICH IS IMPLICATED IN FAT TISSUE DIFFERENTIATION AND REMODELING, HAS BEEN SELECTED AND ANALYZED BY BISULPHITE SEQUENCING, CONFIRMING HYPERMETHYLATION IN THE ADIPOSE TISSUE FROM THE HFD MICE. HOXA5 HYPERMETHYLATION WAS ASSOCIATED WITH DOWNREGULATION OF HOXA5 MRNA AND PROTEIN EXPRESSION. FEEDING ANIMALS PREVIOUSLY EXPOSED TO THE HFD WITH A STANDARD CHOW DIET FOR TWO FURTHER MONTHS IMPROVED THE METABOLIC PHENOTYPE OF THE ANIMALS, ACCOMPANIED BY RETURN OF HOXA5 METHYLATION AND EXPRESSION LEVELS (P<0.05) TO VALUES SIMILAR TO THOSE OF THE CONTROL MICE MAINTAINED UNDER STANDARD CHOW. CONCLUSIONS: HFD INDUCES ADIPOSE TISSUE ABNORMALITIES ACCOMPANIED BY EPIGENETIC CHANGES AT THE HOXA5 ADIPOSE TISSUE REMODELING GENE.	2016	
                                    
9  4307  33 MICRORNA-30 MODULATES METABOLIC INFLAMMATION BY REGULATING NOTCH SIGNALING IN ADIPOSE TISSUE MACROPHAGES. BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: OBESITY IS A PANDEMIC DISORDER THAT IS CHARACTERIZED BY ACCUMULATION OF ADIPOSE TISSUE AND CHRONIC LOW-GRADE INFLAMMATION THAT IS DRIVEN PRIMARILY BY ADIPOSE TISSUE MACROPHAGES (ATMS). WHILE ATM POLARIZATION FROM PRO-(M1) TO ANTI-(M2) INFLAMMATORY PHENOTYPE INFLUENCES INSULIN SENSITIVITY AND ENERGY EXPENDITURE, THE MECHANISMS OF SUCH A SWITCH ARE UNCLEAR. IN THE CURRENT STUDY, WE IDENTIFIED EPIGENETIC PATHWAYS INCLUDING MICRORNAS (MIR) IN ATMS THAT REGULATE OBESITY-INDUCED INFLAMMATION. SUBJECTS/METHODS: MALE C57BL/6J MICE WERE FED NORMAL CHOW DIET (NCD) OR HIGH-FAT DIET (HFD) FOR 16 WEEKS TO DEVELOP LEAN AND DIET-INDUCED OBESE MICE, RESPECTIVELY. TRANSCRIPTOME MICROARRAYS, MICRORNA MICROARRAYS, AND MEDIP-SEQ WERE PERFORMED ON ATMS ISOLATED FROM VISCERAL FAT. PATHWAY ANALYSIS AND BONE MARROW-DERIVED MACROPHAGE (BMDM) TRANSFECTIONS FURTHER ALLOWED COMPUTATIONAL AND FUNCTIONAL ANALYSIS OF MIRNA-MEDIATED ATM POLARIZATION. RESULTS: ATMS FROM HFD-FED MICE WERE SKEWED TOWARD M1 INFLAMMATORY PHENOTYPE. CONCURRENTLY, THE EXPRESSION OF MIRS 30A-5P, 30C-5P, AND 30E-5P WAS DOWNREGULATED IN ATMS FROM HFD MICE WHEN COMPARED TO MICE FED NCD. THE MIR-30 FAMILY WAS SHOWN TO TARGET DELTA-LIKE-4, A NOTCH1 LIGAND, WHOSE EXPRESSION WAS INCREASED IN HFD ATMS. INHIBITION OF MIR-30 IN CONDITIONED BMDM TRIGGERED NOTCH1 SIGNALING, PRO-INFLAMMATORY CYTOKINE PRODUCTION, AND M1 MACROPHAGE POLARIZATION. IN ADDITION, DNA HYPERMETHYLATION WAS OBSERVED IN MIR30-ASSOCIATED CPG ISLANDS, SUGGESTING THAT HFD DOWNREGULATES MIR-30 THROUGH EPIGENETIC MODIFICATIONS. CONCLUSIONS: HFD-INDUCED OBESITY DOWNREGULATES MIR-30 BY DNA METHYLATION THEREBY INDUCING NOTCH1 SIGNALING IN ATMS AND THEIR POLARIZATION TO M1 MACROPHAGES. THESE FINDINGS IDENTIFY MIR-30 AS A REGULATOR OF PRO-INFLAMMATORY ATM POLARIZATION AND SUGGEST THAT MIR-30 MANIPULATION COULD BE A THERAPEUTIC TARGET FOR OBESITY-INDUCED INFLAMMATION.	2018	
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        
10  1292  34 DECREASED BLOOD PRESSURE IS RELATED TO CHANGES IN NF-KB PROMOTER METHYLATION LEVELS AFTER BARIATRIC SURGERY. BACKGROUND: OBESITY IS CHARACTERIZED BY A CHRONIC, LOW-GRADE INFLAMMATION, AND BARIATRIC SURGERY IS PROPOSED AS AN EFFECTIVE TREATMENT FOR REDUCING THE OBESITY-RELATED CO-MORBIDITIES. EPIGENETIC MODIFICATIONS COULD BE INVOLVED IN THE METABOLIC IMPROVEMENT AFTER SURGERY. OBJECTIVE: THE MAIN AIM OF THIS STUDY WAS TO EVALUATE WHETHER DNA METHYLATION PATTERN FROM GENES RELATED TO INFLAMMATION AND INSULIN RESPONSE IS ASSOCIATED WITH THE METABOLIC IMPROVEMENT AFTER BARIATRIC SURGERY IN MORBIDLY OBESE PATIENTS AND IF THESE CHANGES DEPEND ON THE SURGICAL PROCEDURE. SETTING: UNIVERSITY HOSPITAL, SPAIN. METHODS: WE STUDIED 60 SEVERELY OBESE PATIENTS; 31 UNDERWENT ROUX-EN-Y GASTRIC BYPASS AND 29 UNDERWENT LAPAROSCOPIC SLEEVE GASTRECTOMY. ALL PATIENTS WERE EXAMINED BEFORE AND AT 6 MONTHS AFTER BARIATRIC SURGERY. DNA METHYLATION PROFILE OF GENES RELATED TO THE INFLAMMATORY RESPONSE AND INSULIN SENSITIVITY WAS MEASURED BY PYROSEQUENCING. RESULTS: THE PROMOTER METHYLATION LEVELS OF THE NFKB1 GENE WERE INCREASED SIGNIFICANTLY AFTER SURGERY (2.16 +/- .9 VERSUS 2.8 +/- 1.03). THE DECREASE IN BLOOD PRESSURE, BOTH SYSTOLIC AND DIASTOLIC, AFTER SURGERY WAS SIGNIFICANTLY ASSOCIATED WITH THE CHANGES IN THE PROMOTER METHYLATION LEVELS OF THE NFKB1 GENE (BETA = -.513, P = .003 AND BETA = -.543, P = .004, RESPECTIVELY). A DECREASE IN INFLAMMATION STATUS, MEASURED BY HIGH SENSITIVITY C-REACTIVE PROTEIN VALUES, WAS ASSOCIATED WITH CHANGES IN SLC19A1 METHYLATION LEVELS. CONCLUSION: OUR STUDY SHOWS FOR THE FIRST TIME AN ASSOCIATION BETWEEN NFKB1 METHYLATION LEVELS AND BLOOD PRESSURE AFTER BARIATRIC SURGERY, HIGHLIGHTING THE POSSIBLE FUNCTION OF THIS GENE IN THE REGULATION OF ARTERIAL PRESSURE. REGARDING SLC19A1, THIS GENE COULD POSITION AS A POTENTIAL TARGET LINKING INFLAMMATION AND INSULIN RESISTANCE.	2018	
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                     
11  1795  29 EFFECT OF DIFFERENT COMBINATION OF MATERNAL AND POSTNATAL DIET ON ADIPOSE TISSUE MORPHOLOGY IN MALE RAT OFFSPRING. PURPOSE: ADIPOSE TISSUE EXPANSION CAN OCCUR THROUGH SEVERAL DIFFERENT WAYS AND, UNDER CERTAIN CONDITIONS, CAN BE CONNECTED WITH CHRONIC INFLAMMATION. TNF-ALPHA IS ONE OF THE IMPORTANT CYTOKINES INVOLVED IN THIS PROCESS. PROLONGED INFLAMMATION IN OBESITY CAN LEAD TO OBESITY-RELATED INSULIN RESISTANCE AND TISSUE DYSFUNCTION. THE AIM OF OUR STUDY WAS TO INVESTIGATE HOW DIFFERENT COMBINATION OF MATERNAL AND POSTNATAL DIET AFFECTS OFFSPRING ADIPOSE TISSUE MORPHOLOGY AND ADIPOSE TISSUE TNF-ALPHA EXPRESSION. METHODS: TEN FEMALE SPRAGUE DAWLEY RATS, 9 WEEKS OLD, WERE RANDOMLY DIVIDED INTO TWO GROUPS AND FED EITHER STANDARD LABORATORY CHOW OR FOOD RICH IN SATURATED FATTY ACIDS DURING 6 WEEKS AND THEN MATED WITH THE SAME MALE RAT. AFTER BIRTH AND LACTATION MALE RAT OFFSPRING FROM BOTH GROUPS WERE DIVIDED INTO FOUR SUBGROUPS DEPENDING ON THE DIET THEY WERE FED UNTIL 22 WEEKS OLD. SAMPLES OF WHITE ADIPOSE TISSUE WERE TAKEN FROM THE SUBCUTANEOUS, EPIDIDYMAL, AND PERIRENAL FAT PAD. ON TISSUE SECTIONS, HISTOMORPHOMETRIC ANALYSIS WAS CONDUCTED USING CELLPROFILER PROGRAM V 2.1.1, AND IMMUNOHISTOCHEMICAL STAINING FOR TNF-ALPHA WAS PERFORMED. RESULTS: GREATER MEAN SURFACE AREA OF SUBCUTANEOUS AND EPIDIDYMAL ADIPOCYTES WAS FOUND IN GROUPS OF MALE RAT OFFSPRING WITH ALTERED DIET. IN PERIRENAL ADIPOSE TISSUE, THE HIGHEST NUMBER OF ADIPOCYTES WAS MEASURED IN THE GROUP WHERE BOTH MOTHER AND OFFSPRING WERE FED A HIGH-FAT DIET. ADIPOCYTE STAINING INTENSITY FOR TNF-ALPHA DID NOT DIFFER SIGNIFICANTLY BETWEEN THE GROUPS. CONCLUSIONS: TOGETHER WITH OUR PREVIOUSLY PUBLISHED DATA, OUR RESULTS LEAD TO THE CONCLUSION THAT ALTERATION OF POSTNATAL DIET CAN LEAD TO TNF-ALPHA AND ADIPOCYTE MORPHOLOGY CHANGES.	2019	
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      
12  2429  20 EPIGENETIC SILENCING OF MIR-137 IS A FREQUENT EVENT IN GASTRIC CARCINOGENESIS. MICRORNAS (MIRNA) ARE INVOLVED IN POSTTRANSCRIPTIONAL REGULATION OF GENE EXPRESSION AND ARE DYSREGULATED DURING CARCINOGENESIS. CPG ISLAND METHYLATION OF MIR-137 IS A COMMON EVENT IN DIFFERENT CANCERS; HOWEVER, THE ROLE OF MIR-137 IN GASTRIC CANCER (GC) REMAINS LARGELY UNEXPLORED. IN THIS STUDY WE AIMED TO CHARACTERIZE THE EPIGENETIC ALTERATIONS OF MIR-137 IN GASTRIC CARCINOGENESIS. WE ANALYZED TOTAL 295 TISSUES INCLUDING PAIRED PRIMARY GASTRIC CANCER (T-GC) WITH CORRESPONDING ADJACENT GASTRIC MUCOSA (N-GC), PAIRED PRIMARY COLORECTAL CANCER (CRC) TISSUES WITH CORRESPONDING NON-TUMOROUS MUCOSA, GASTRIC TISSUES FROM CONTROLS (N), AND PATIENTS WITH CHRONIC/ATROPHIC GASTRITIS (CG) WITH AND WITHOUT HELICOBACTER PYLORI INFECTION. BISULFITE PYROSEQUENCING AND TAQMAN RT-PCR WERE USED TO ANALYZE MIR-137 METHYLATION AND EXPRESSION, RESPECTIVELY. SURVIVAL DIFFERENCES WERE EVALUATED USING KAPLAN-MEIER ANALYSES. MIR-137 CPG ISLAND METHYLATION WAS MORE FREQUENT IN TUMOROUS COMPARED TO NON-TUMOROUS CONDITIONS AND HIGHER IN CRC THAN IN GC. IN COMPARISON TO N-GC, MIR 137 METHYLATION LEVEL WAS LOWER IN N AND CG TISSUES, WHICH CORRELATES WITH CORREAS CASCADE. MIR-137 METHYLATION INVERSELY CORRELATES WITH GLOBAL LINE-1 METHYLATION AND MIR-137 EXPRESSION. MIR-137 METHYLATION WAS HIGHER IN INTESTINAL TYPE GC COMPARED TO DIFFUSE ONE, AND HIGHER IN ANTRUM COMPARED TO CARDIA AND CORPUS, HOWEVER, MIR-137 METHYLATION WAS ASSOCIATED WITH WORSE PROGNOSIS IN DIFFUSE, BUT NOT IN INTESTINAL TYPE OF GC. THE EXPRESSION IN COLON WAS SIGNIFICANTLY HIGHER COMPARED TO ANY GASTRIC TISSUES SUGGESTING FUNCTIONAL DIFFERENCE. IN SUMMARY, MIR-137 METHYLATION IS A FREQUENT EVENT IN GASTROINTESTINAL CANCERS WHICH OCCURS EARLY IN STEPWISE MANNER DURING GASTRIC CARCINOGENESIS AND INVERSELY CORRELATES WITH GLOBAL METHYLATION. (C) 2015 WILEY PERIODICALS, INC.	2016	
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                             
13  5744  23 SMOKING-INDUCED EXPRESSION OF THE GPR15 GENE INDICATES ITS POTENTIAL ROLE IN CHRONIC INFLAMMATORY PATHOLOGIES. DESPITE THE DESCRIBED CLEAR EPIGENETIC EFFECTS OF SMOKING, THE EFFECT OF SMOKING ON GENOME-WIDE GENE EXPRESSION IN THE BLOOD IS OBSCURE. WE THEREFORE STUDIED THE SMOKING-INDUCED CHANGES IN THE GENE-EXPRESSION PROFILE OF THE PERIPHERAL BLOOD. RNA WAS EXTRACTED FROM THE WHOLE BLOOD OF 48 INDIVIDUALS WITH A DETAILED SMOKING HISTORY (24 NEVER-SMOKERS, 16 SMOKERS, AND 8 EX-SMOKERS). GENE-EXPRESSION PROFILES WERE EVALUATED WITH RNA SEQUENCING, AND RESULTS WERE ANALYZED SEPARATELY IN 24 MEN AND 24 WOMEN. IN THE MALE SMOKERS, 13 GENES WERE STATISTICALLY SIGNIFICANTLY (FALSE-DISCOVERY RATE <0.1) DIFFERENTIALLY EXPRESSED; IN FEMALE SMOKERS, 5 GENES. ALTHOUGH MOST OF THE DIFFERENTIALLY EXPRESSED GENES WERE DIFFERENT BETWEEN THE MALE AND FEMALE SMOKERS, THE G-PROTEIN-COUPLED RECEPTOR 15 GENE (GPR15) WAS DIFFERENTIALLY EXPRESSED IN BOTH MALE AND FEMALE SMOKERS COMPARED WITH NEVER-SMOKERS. ANALYSIS OF GPR15 METHYLATION IDENTIFIED SIGNIFICANTLY GREATER HYPOMETHYLATION IN SMOKERS COMPARED WITH THAT IN NEVER-SMOKERS. GPR15 IS THE CHEMOATTRACTANT RECEPTOR THAT REGULATES T-CELL MIGRATION AND IMMUNITY. UP-REGULATION OF GPR15 COULD EXPLAIN TO SOME EXTENT THE HEALTH HAZARDS OF SMOKING WITH REGARD TO CHRONIC INFLAMMATORY DISEASES.	2015	
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                   
14  2759  29 EXPRESSION OF IL-17 AND ITS GENE PROMOTER METHYLATION STATUS ARE ASSOCIATED WITH THE PROGRESSION OF CHRONIC HEPATITIS B VIRUS INFECTION. TO EXPLORE INTERLEUKIN-17 (IL-17) AND ITS EPIGENETIC REGULATION DURING THE PROGRESSION OF CHRONIC HEPATITIS B VIRUS (HBV) INFECTION.A TOTAL OF 162 PATIENTS WITH CHRONIC HBV INFECTION, INCLUDING 75 WITH CHRONIC HEPATITIS B (CHB), 54 WITH HEPATITIS B-ASSOCIATED LIVER CIRRHOSIS AND 33 WITH HEPATITIS B-ASSOCIATED HEPATOCELLULAR CARCINOMA (HBV-HCC), WERE ENROLLED IN THIS STUDY. THIRTY HEALTHY ADULTS OF THE SAME ETHNICITY WERE ENROLLED IN THE CONTROL GROUP. WHOLE VENOUS BLOOD WAS OBTAINED FROM THE PATIENTS AND NORMAL CONTROLS (N = 30). CLINICAL AND LABORATORY PARAMETERS WERE ASSESSED, AND WE PERFORMED ENZYME-LINKED IMMUNOSORBENT ASSAY AND QUANTITATIVE REAL-TIME PCR TO MEASURE THE SERUM LEVELS AND RELATIVE MRNA EXPRESSION OF IL-17, RESPECTIVELY. IL-17 PROMOTER METHYLATION IN PERIPHERAL BLOOD MONONUCLEAR CELLS WAS ASSESSED BY METHYLATION-SPECIFIC PCR. WE ANALYZED THE SERUM AND MRNA LEVELS OF IL-17 AND IL-17 PROMOTER METHYLATION IN THE 4 GROUPS AS WELL AS THE EFFECT OF METHYLATION ON SERUM IL-17 LEVELS. CORRELATIONS BETWEEN THE IL-17 PROMOTER METHYLATION STATUS AND CLINICAL PARAMETERS WERE ANALYZED BY SPEARMAN CORRELATION ANALYSIS.COMPARED TO THE NORMAL CONTROL GROUP, THE PATIENT GROUPS EXHIBITED SIGNIFICANTLY HIGHER SERUM AND RELATIVE MRNA LEVELS OF IL-17. THE METHYLATION DISTRIBUTION AMONG THE PATIENTS WAS SIGNIFICANTLY LOWER THAN THAT AMONG THE NORMAL CONTROLS (P < .05), WITH THE HBV-HCC GROUP SHOWING THE LOWEST IL-17 GENE METHYLATION FREQUENCY. THE AVERAGE IL-17 PROMOTER CG METHYLATION LEVEL WAS NEGATIVELY CORRELATED WITH IL-17 MRNA EXPRESSION (R = -0.39, P = .03), AND NEGATIVE CORRELATIONS BETWEEN IL-17 PROMOTER METHYLATION AND PROTHROMBIN TIME ACTIVITY (R = -0.585, P = .035), ALANINE AMINOTRANSFERASE (R = -0.522, P < .01), ASPARTATE AMINOTRANSFERASE (R = -0.315, P < .05), AND THE MODEL FOR END-STAGE LIVER DISEASE SCORE (R = -0.461, P < .05) WERE OBSERVED. IL-17 SERUM LEVELS IN THE METHYLATED-PROMOTER GROUPS WERE SIGNIFICANTLY LOWER THAN THOSE IN THE UNMETHYLATED-PROMOTER GROUPS.IL-17 EXPRESSION AND PROMOTER METHYLATION WERE ASSOCIATED WITH CHRONIC HBV INFECTION PROGRESSION, ESPECIALLY IN THE HBV-HCC GROUP. THE IL-17 PROMOTER STATUS MAY HELP CLINICIANS INITIATE THE CORRECT TREATMENT STRATEGY AT THE CHB STAGE.	2019	

15  4021  26 LOWERED DNA METHYLTRANSFERASE (DNMT-3B) MRNA EXPRESSION IS ASSOCIATED WITH GENOMIC DNA HYPERMETHYLATION IN PATIENTS WITH CHRONIC ALCOHOLISM. DNA METHYLTRANSFERASES (DNMTS) ARE INVOLVED WITHIN THE EPIGENETIC CONTROL OF DNA METHYLATION PROCESSES. RECENTLY, IT HAS BEEN SHOWN THAT THE GENOMIC DNA METHYLATION IN PATIENTS WITH ALCOHOLISM IS INCREASED. IN THE PRESENT CONTROLLED STUDY WE OBSERVED A SIGNIFICANT DECREASE OF MRNA EXPRESSION OF DNMT-3A AND DNMT-3B WHEN COMPARING ALCOHOLIC PATIENTS (N = 59) WITH HEALTHY CONTROLS (N = 66): DNMT-3A (T = -2.38, P = 0.019), DNMT-3B (T = -2.65, P = 0.008). NO SIGNIFICANT DIFFERENCES WERE SEEN FOR DNMT-1 AND MBD-2 (METHYL-CPG-BINDING-DOMAIN PROTEIN 2) EXPRESSION. ADDITIONALLY, WE OBSERVED A SIGNIFICANT NEGATIVE CORRELATION BETWEEN DNMT-3B EXPRESSION AND THE BLOOD ALCOHOL CONCENTRATION (R = -0.45, P = 0.003) WHICH MIGHT EXPLAIN THE DECREASE OF DNMT-3B MRNA EXPRESSION IN ALCOHOLIC PATIENTS. USING A MULTIVARIATE MODEL WE OBSERVED THAT THE INCREASE (10%) OF GENOMIC DNA METHYLATION IN PATIENTS WITH ALCOHOLISM WAS SIGNIFICANTLY ASSOCIATED WITH THEIR LOWERED DNMT-3B MRNA EXPRESSION (MULTIPLE LINEAR REGRESSION, P = 0.014). SINCE METHYLATION OF DNA IS AN IMPORTANT EPIGENETIC FACTOR IN REGULATION OF GENE EXPRESSION THESE FINDINGS MAY HAVE IMPORTANT IMPLICATIONS FOR A POSSIBLE SUBSEQUENT DERANGEMENT OF EPIGENETIC CONTROL IN THESE PATIENTS.	2006	
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       
16  3456  27 HYPOMETHYLATION OF IL1RN AND NFKB1 GENES IS LINKED TO THE DYSBALANCE IN IL1BETA/IL-1RA AXIS IN FEMALE PATIENTS WITH TYPE 2 DIABETES MELLITUS. INFLAMMATION HAS RECEIVED CONSIDERABLE ATTENTION IN THE PATHOGENESIS OF TYPE 2 DIABETES MELLITUS (T2DM). SUPPORTING THIS CONCEPT, ENHANCED EXPRESSION OF INTERLEUKIN (IL)-1BETA AND INCREASED INFILTRATION OF MACROPHAGES ARE OBSERVED IN PANCREATIC ISLETS OF PATIENTS WITH T2DM. ALTHOUGH IL-1 RECEPTOR ANTAGONIST (IL-1RA) PLAYS A MAJOR ROLE IN CONTROLLING OF IL-1BETA-MEDIATED INFLAMMATION, ITS COUNTERACTION EFFECTS AND EPIGENETIC ALTERATIONS IN T2DM ARE LESS STUDIED. THUS, WE AIMED TO ANALYZE THE DNA METHYLATION STATUS IN IL1RN, RELA (P65) AND NFKB1 (P50) GENES IN PERIPHERAL BLOOD MONONUCLEAR CELLS (PBMCS) FROM TREATED T2DM PATIENTS (N = 35) AND AGE-/SEX- MATCHED HEALTHY CONTROLS (N = 31). PRODUCTION OF IL-1BETA AND IL-1RA WAS ANALYZED IN PLASMA AND SUPERNATANTS FROM LPS-INDUCED PBMCS. IMMUNOMODULATORY EFFECTS OF IL-1BETA AND IL-1RA WERE STUDIED ON THP-1 CELLS. AVERAGE DNA METHYLATION LEVEL OF IL1RN AND NFKB1 GENE PROMOTERS WAS SIGNIFICANTLY DECREASED IN T2DM PATIENTS IN COMPARISON WITH HEALTHY CONTROLS (P< 0.05), WHICH WAS ASSOCIATED WITH THE INCREASED IL-1RA (P< 0.001) AND IL-1BETA (P = 0.039) PLASMA LEVELS IN T2DM PATIENTS. NEGATIVE ASSOCIATION BETWEEN AVERAGE METHYLATION OF IL1RN GENE AND IL-1RA PLASMA LEVELS WERE OBSERVED IN FEMALE T2DM PATIENTS. METHYLATION OF NFKB1 GENE WAS NEGATIVELY CORRELATED WITH IL-1RA LEVELS IN THE PATIENTS AND POSITIVELY WITH IL-1BETA LEVELS IN FEMALE PATIENTS. LPS-STIMULATED PBMCS FROM FEMALE PATIENTS FAILED TO RAISE IL-1BETA PRODUCTION, WHILE THE CELLS FROM HEALTHY FEMALES INCREASED IL-1BETA PRODUCTION IN COMPARISON WITH UNSTIMULATED CELLS (P< 0.001). TAKEN TOGETHER, THE FINDINGS SUGGEST THAT HYPOMETHYLATION OF IL1RN AND NFKB1 GENE PROMOTERS MAY PROMOTE THE INCREASED IL-1BETA/IL-1RA PRODUCTION AND REGULATE CHRONIC INFLAMMATION IN T2DM. FURTHER STUDIES ARE NECESSARY TO ELUCIDATE THE CAUSAL DIRECTION OF THESE ASSOCIATIONS AND POTENTIAL ROLE OF IL-1RA IN ANTI-INFLAMMATORY PROCESSES IN TREATED PATIENTS WITH T2DM.	2020	
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              
17  3241  32 HEPATIC MICRORNA MODULATION MIGHT BE AN EARLY EVENT TO NON-ALCOHOLIC FATTY LIVER DISEASE DEVELOPMENT DRIVEN BY HIGH-FAT DIET IN MALE MICE. INTRODUCTION: METABOLIC ALTERATIONS CAUSED BY AN IMBALANCE OF MACRONUTRIENT CONSUMPTION ARE OFTEN RELATED TO THE MODULATION OF MICRORNAS (MIRNAS), WHICH COULD ALTER MRNAS EXPRESSION PROFILE AND ACCELERATE THE DEVELOPMENT OF NON-ALCOHOLIC FATTY LIVER DISEASE (NAFLD). AIMS: THIS STUDY AIMED TO INVESTIGATE THE CONTRIBUTION OF MIRNAS IN MODULATING EARLY STAGES OF NAFLD IN MICE SUBMITTED TO A HIGH-FAT DIET (HFD). METHODS AND RESULTS: MALE SWISS MICE, FED EITHER A CONTROL DIET OR AN HFD FOR 1, 3, 7, 15, 30, 56 DAYS, WERE ASSESSED FOR METABOLIC ALTERATIONS, GENE EXPRESSION AND NAFLD MARKERS. A HEPATOCYTE CELL LINE WAS USED TO INVESTIGATE THE EFFECTS OF MIR-370 MODULATION ON ENZYMES INVOLVED IN BETA-OXIDATION. BODY WEIGHT AND ADIPOSITY WERE HIGHER AFTER 7 DAYS OF HFD. FASTING GLUCOSE AND INSULIN INCREASED AFTER 3 AND 7 DAYS OF HFD, RESPECTIVELY. WHILE HEPATIC LIPID CONTENT INCREASED FROM THE FIRST DAY ON, HEPATIC GLYCOGEN HAD A DECREASE AFTER 3 DAYS OF HFD CONSUMPTION. MIR-370 AND LET-7 EXPRESSION INCREASED WITH ACUTE AND CHRONIC EXPOSURE TO HFD, ACCOMPANIED BY CARNITINE PALMITOYLTRANSFERASE 1A (CPT1A), ACYL-COA DEHYDROGENASE VERY LONG CHAIN (ACADVL) AND PROTEIN KINASE AMP-ACTIVATED CATALYTIC SUBUNIT 2 (PRKAA2) DOWNREGULATION, WHILE DECREASED MIR-122 EXPRESSION WAS ACCOMPANIED BY 1-ACYLGLYCEROL-3-PHOSPHATE-O-ACYLTRANSFERASE (AGPAT) UPREGULATION AFTER 56 DAYS OF HFD CONSUMPTION, SOME OF THEM CONFIRMED BY IN VITRO EXPERIMENTS. DESPITE FLUCTUATIONS IN TNFA AND IL6 MRNA LEVELS, MOLECULAR MODULATION WAS CONSISTENT WITH HEPATIC TG AND NAFLD DEVELOPMENT. CONCLUSION: HEPATIC MIR-370-122-LET7 MIRNA MODULATION COULD BE THE FIRST INSULT TO NAFLD DEVELOPMENT, PRECEDING CHANGES IN GLYCEMIC HOMEOSTASIS AND ADIPOSITY.	2022	
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      
18   304  35 AIRWAY AGING AND METHYLATION DISRUPTIONS IN HIV-ASSOCIATED CHRONIC OBSTRUCTIVE PULMONARY DISEASE. RATIONALE: AGE-RELATED DISEASES LIKE CHRONIC OBSTRUCTIVE PULMONARY DISEASE (COPD) OCCUR AT HIGHER RATES IN PEOPLE LIVING WITH HUMAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS (PLWH) THAN IN UNINFECTED POPULATIONS. OBJECTIVES: TO IDENTIFY WHETHER ACCELERATED AGING CAN BE OBSERVED IN THE AIRWAYS OF PLWH WITH COPD, MANIFEST BY A UNIQUE DNA METHYLATION SIGNATURE. METHODS: BRONCHIAL EPITHELIAL BRUSHINGS FROM PLWH WITH AND WITHOUT COPD AND HIV-UNINFECTED ADULTS WITH AND WITHOUT COPD (N = 76) WERE PROFILED FOR DNA METHYLATION AND GENE EXPRESSION. WE EVALUATED GLOBAL ALU AND LINE-1 METHYLATION AND CALCULATED THE EPIGENETIC AGE USING THE HORVATH CLOCK AND THE METHYLATION TELOMERE LENGTH ESTIMATOR. TO IDENTIFY GENOME-WIDE DIFFERENTIAL DNA METHYLATION AND GENE EXPRESSION ASSOCIATED WITH HIV AND COPD, ROBUST LINEAR MODELS WERE USED FOLLOWED BY AN EXPRESSION QUANTITATIVE TRAIT METHYLATION (EQTM) ANALYSIS. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: EPIGENETIC AGE ACCELERATION AND SHORTER METHYLATION ESTIMATES OF TELOMERE LENGTH WERE FOUND IN PLWH WITH COPD COMPARED WITH PLWH WITHOUT COPD AND UNINFECTED PATIENTS WITH AND WITHOUT COPD. GLOBAL HYPOMETHYLATION WAS IDENTIFIED IN PLWH. WE IDENTIFIED 7,970 CYTOSINE BASES LOCATED NEXT TO A GUANINE BASE (CPG SITES), 293 GENES, AND 9 EXPRESSION QUANTITATIVE TRAIT METHYLATION-GENE PAIRS ASSOCIATED WITH THE INTERACTION BETWEEN HIV AND COPD. ACTIN BINDING LIM PROTEIN FAMILY MEMBER 3 (ABLIM3) WAS ONE OF THE NOVEL CANDIDATE GENES FOR HIV-ASSOCIATED COPD HIGHLIGHTED BY OUR ANALYSIS. CONCLUSIONS: METHYLATION AGE ACCELERATION IS OBSERVED IN THE AIRWAY EPITHELIUM OF PLWH WITH COPD, A PROCESS THAT MAY BE RESPONSIBLE FOR THE HEIGHTENED RISK OF COPD IN THIS POPULATION. THEIR DISTINCT METHYLATION PROFILE, DIFFERING FROM THAT OBSERVED IN PATIENTS WITH COPD ALONE, SUGGESTS A UNIQUE PATHOGENESIS TO HIV-ASSOCIATED COPD. THE ASSOCIATIONS WARRANT FURTHER INVESTIGATION TO ESTABLISH CAUSALITY.	2022	
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                               
19  2019  36 EPIGENETIC CHANGE IN E-CADHERIN AND COX-2 TO PREDICT CHRONIC PERIODONTITIS. BACKGROUND: DNA METHYLATION OF CERTAIN GENES FREQUENTLY OCCURS IN NEOPLASTIC CELLS. ALTHOUGH THE CAUSE REMAINS UNKNOWN, MANY GENES HAVE BEEN IDENTIFIED WITH SUCH ATYPICAL METHYLATION IN NEOPLASTIC CELLS. THE HYPERMETHYLATION OF E-CADHERIN AND CYCLOOXYGENASE 2 (COX-2) IN CHRONIC INFLAMMATION SUCH AS CHRONIC PERIODONTITIS MAY DEMONSTRATE MILD LESION/MUTATION EPIGENETIC LEVEL. THIS STUDY COMPARES THE HYPERMETHYLATION STATUS OF E-CADHERIN AND COX-2 GENES WHICH ARE OFTEN FOUND IN BREAST CANCER PATIENTS WITH THAT IN CHRONIC PERIODONTITIS. METHODS: TOTAL DNA WAS EXTRACTED FROM THE BLOOD SAMPLES OF 108 SYSTEMICALLY HEALTHY NON-PERIODONTITIS SUBJECTS, AND THE GINGIVAL TISSUES AND BLOOD SAMPLES OF 110 CHRONIC PERIODONTITIS PATIENT AS WELL AS NEOPLASTIC TISSUES OF 106 BREAST CANCER PATIENTS. METHYLATION-SPECIFIC PCR FOR E-CADHERIN AND COX-2 WAS PERFORMED ON THESE SAMPLES AND THE PCR PRODUCTS WERE ANALYZED ON 2% AGAROSE GEL. RESULTS: HYPERMETHYLATION OF E-CADHERIN AND COX-2 WAS OBSERVED IN 38% AND 35% OF THE BREAST CANCER SAMPLES, RESPECTIVELY. IN CHRONIC PERIODONTITIS PATIENTS THE DETECTION RATE WAS 25% AND 19% RESPECTIVELY, AND NONE WAS FOUND IN THE SYSTEMICALLY HEALTHY NON-PERIODONTITIS CONTROL SUBJECTS. THE HYPERMETHYLATION STATUS WAS SHOWN TO BE CORRELATED AMONG THE THREE GROUPS WITH STATISTICAL SIGNIFICANCE (P < 0.0001). THE METHYLATION OF CPG ISLANDS IN E-CADHERIN AND COX-2 GENES IN PERIODONTITIS PATIENTS OCCURS MORE FREQUENTLY IN PERIODONTITIS PATIENTS THAN IN THE CONTROL SUBJECTS, BUT OCCURS LESS FREQUENTLY THAN IN THE BREAST CANCER PATIENTS. CONCLUSIONS: THIS SET OF DATA SHOWS THAT THE EPIGENETIC CHANGE IN E-CADHERIN AND CYCLOOXYGENASE-2 IS ASSOCIATED WITH CHRONIC PERIODONTITIS. THE EPIGENETIC CHANGES PRESENTED IN CHRONIC INFLAMMATION PATIENTS MIGHT DEMONSTRATE AN IRREVERSIBLE DESTRUCTION IN THE TISSUES OR ORGANS SIMILAR TO THE EFFECTS OF CANCER. CHRONIC PERIODONTITIS TO SOME EXTENT MIGHT BE ASSOCIATED WITH DNA HYPERMETHYLATION WHICH IS RELATED TO CANCER RISK FACTORS.	2010	
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                 
20  3164  38 GREEN TEA PREVENTS NAFLD BY MODULATION OF MIR-34A AND MIR-194 EXPRESSION IN A HIGH-FAT DIET MOUSE MODEL. BACKGROUND/AIMS: NONALCOHOLIC FATTY LIVER DISEASE (NAFLD) IS CONSIDERED THE HEPATIC MANIFESTATION OF METABOLIC SYNDROME. IT IS CURRENTLY THE MOST COMMON CHRONIC LIVER DISEASE WITH COMPLEX PATHOGENESIS AND CHALLENGING TREATMENT. HERE, WE INVESTIGATED THE HEPATOPROTECTIVE ROLE OF GREEN TEA (GT) AND DETERMINED THE INVOLVEMENT OF MIRNAS AND ITS MECHANISM OF ACTION. METHODS: MALE C57BL/6 MICE WERE FED WITH A HIGH-FAT DIET FOR 4 WEEKS. AFTER THIS PERIOD, THE ANIMALS RECEIVED GAVAGE WITH GT (500 MG/KG BODY WEIGHT) OVER 12 WEEKS (5 DAYS/WEEK). HEPG2 CELL LINES WERE TRANSFECTED WITH MIR-34A OR MIR-194 MIMETICS AND INHIBITORS TO VALIDATE THE IN VIVO RESULTS OR WERE TREATED WITH TNF-ALPHA TO EVALUATE MIRNA REGULATION. RESULTS: GT SUPPLEMENTATION PROTECTS AGAINST NAFLD DEVELOPMENT BY ALTERING LIPID METABOLISM, INCREASING GENE EXPRESSION INVOLVED IN TRIGLYCERIDES AND FATTY ACID CATABOLISM, AND DECREASING UPTAKE AND LIPID ACCUMULATION. THIS PHENOTYPE WAS ACCOMPANIED BY MIR-34A DOWNREGULATION AND AN INCREASE IN THEIR MRNA TARGETS SIRT1, PPARALPHA, AND INSIG2. GT UPREGULATED HEPATIC MIR-194 BY INHIBITING TNF-ALPHA ACTION LEADING TO A DECREASE IN MIR-194 TARGET GENES HMGCS/APOA5. CONCLUSION: OUR STUDY IDENTIFIED FOR THE FIRST TIME THAT THE BENEFICIAL EFFECTS OF GT IN THE LIVER CAN BE DUE TO THE MODULATION OF MIRNAS, OPENING NEW PERSPECTIVES FOR THE TREATMENT OF NAFLD FOCUSING ON EPIGENETIC REGULATION OF MIR-34A AND MIR-194 AS GREEN TEA TARGETS.	2019