1  1432 108 DIFFERENTIAL GENE HYPERMETHYLATION IN GENITAL LICHEN SCLEROSUS AND CANCER: A COMPARATIVE STUDY. AIMS: LICHEN SCLEROSUS (LS) IS A CHRONIC INFLAMMATORY DISEASE OF THE GENITAL SKIN OF UNKNOWN AETIOLOGY. THE ROLE OF LS IN PENILE SQUAMOUS CELL CARCINOGENESIS IS NOT WELL CHARACTERIZED. HPV HAS BEEN IMPLICATED IN BOTH, AS HAVE EPIGENETIC CHANGES. THE PRESENCE OF HPV AND HYPERMETHYLATION OF THE MGMT, P16, RASSF1, RASSF2, TSLC1 AND TSP1 GENES WERE STUDIED IN PENILE LS; MGMT, RASSF2 AND TSLC1 HYPERMETHYLATION IN PENILE CANCER AND TSLC1 HYPERMETHYLATION IN VULVAR LS AND CANCER EXTENDS PREVIOUS RESULTS REPORTED BY OUR GROUP. METHODS AND RESULTS: THIRTY-SEVEN HPV GENOTYPES AND HYPERMETHYLATION WERE EVALUATED BY PCR/REVERSE-LINE-BLOT AND METHYLATION-SPECIFIC PCR RESPECTIVELY, IN 27 PREPUTIAL LS, 24 PENILE SCC, 30 VULVAR SCC, 21 VULVAR LS AND 22 NORMAL SKIN CASES. HPV66 WAS PRESENT IN 3.7% OF PENILE LS CASES, AND P16 AND RASSF2 HYPERMETHYLATION WERE MORE FREQUENT IN PENILE CANCER THAN IN PENILE LS. P16, RASSF1, RASSF2 AND TSP1 HYPERMETHYLATION WERE SIMILAR IN PENILE AND VULVAR LS. CONCLUSIONS: GENE HYPERMETHYLATION IS A COMMON EVENT IN PENILE LS, AND OCCURS APPROXIMATELY AS FREQUENTLY AS IN VULVAR LS. CERTAIN GENES CAN BE HYPERMETHYLATED AS AN EARLY OR LATE EVENT IN LS OR CANCER, RESPECTIVELY. THIS SUGGESTS A POSSIBLE SEQUENTIAL ROLE FOR THESE ALTERATIONS IN THE TRANSITION FROM BENIGN TO MALIGNANT LESIONS.	2013	
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            
2  1575  39 DNA METHYLATION PATTERNS OF GENES RELATED TO IMMUNE RESPONSE IN THE DIFFERENT CLINICAL FORMS OF ORAL LICHEN PLANUS. BACKGROUND: THE ORAL LICHEN PLANUS IS A CHRONIC INFLAMMATORY DISEASE. ALTHOUGH ITS AETIOLOGY IS NOT WELL UNDERSTOOD, THE ROLE OF T LYMPHOCYTES IN ITS INFLAMMATORY EVENTS IS RECOGNISED. IDENTIFYING THE EPIGENETIC MECHANISMS INVOLVED IN THE PATHOGENESIS OF THIS IMMUNE-MEDIATED CONDITION IS FUNDAMENTAL FOR UNDERSTANDING THE INFLAMMATORY REACTION THAT OCCURS IN THE DISEASE. THE PURPOSE OF THIS WORK WAS TO EVALUATE THE METHYLATION PATTERN OF 21 IMMUNE RESPONSE-RELATED GENES IN THE DIFFERENT CLINICAL FORMS OF ORAL LICHEN PLANUS. METHODS: A CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY WAS PERFORMED TO ANALYSE THE DNA METHYLATION PATTERNS IN THREE DISTINCT GROUPS OF ORAL LICHEN PLANUS: (I) RETICULAR/PLAQUE LESIONS; (II) EROSIVE LESIONS; (III) NORMAL ORAL MUCOSA (CONTROL GROUP). AFTER DNA EXTRACTION FROM BIOPSIES, THE SAMPLES WERE SUBMITTED TO DIGESTIONS BY METHYLATION-SENSITIVE AND METHYLATION-DEPENDENT ENZYMES AND DOUBLE DIGESTION. THE RELATIVE PERCENTAGE OF METHYLATED DNA FOR EACH GENE WAS PROVIDED USING REAL-TIME POLYMERASE CHAIN REACTION ARRAYS. RESULTS: HYPERMETHYLATION OF THE STAT5A GENE WAS OBSERVED ONLY IN THE CONTROL GROUP (59.0%). A HIGHER HYPERMETHYLATION OF THE ELANE GENE WAS FOUND IN RETICULAR/PLAQUE LESIONS (72.1%) COMPARED TO THE EROSIVE LESIONS (50.0%). CONCLUSION: OUR RESULTS SHOW VARIATIONS IN THE METHYLATION PROFILE OF IMMUNE RESPONSE-RELATED GENES, ACCORDING TO THE CLINICAL TYPE OF ORAL LICHEN PLANUS AFTER COMPARING WITH THE NORMAL ORAL MUCOSA. FURTHER STUDIES ARE NECESSARY TO VALIDATE THESE FINDINGS USING GENE EXPRESSION ANALYSIS.	2018	
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    
3  5382  28 RECURRENT CHROMOSOMAL AND EPIGENETIC ALTERATIONS IN ORAL SQUAMOUS CELL CARCINOMA AND ITS PUTATIVE PREMALIGNANT CONDITION ORAL LICHEN PLANUS. HEAD AND NECK SQUAMOUS CELL CARCINOMA (HNSCC) AFFECTS ABOUT 700.000 INDIVIDUALS PER YEAR WORLDWIDE WITH ORAL SQUAMOUS CELL CARCINOMA (OSCC) AS A MAJOR SUBCATEGORY. DESPITE A COMPREHENSIVE TREATMENT CONCEPT INCLUDING SURGERY, RADIATION, AND CHEMOTHERAPY THE 5-YEAR SURVIVAL RATE IS STILL ONLY ABOUT 50 PERCENT. CHRONIC INFLAMMATION IS ONE OF THE HALLMARKS OF CARCINOGENESIS. UNTIL NOW, LITTLE IS KNOWN ABOUT THE PREMALIGNANT STATUS OF ORAL LICHEN PLANUS (OLP) AND MOLECULAR ALTERATIONS IN OLP ARE STILL POORLY CHARACTERIZED. OUR STUDY AIMS TO DELINEATE DIFFERENTIAL DNA METHYLATION PATTERNS IN OLP, OSCC, AND NORMAL ORAL MUCOSA. BY APPLYING A BEAD CHIP APPROACH, WE IDENTIFIED ALTERED CHROMOSOMAL PATTERNS CHARACTERISTIC FOR OSCC WHILE FINDING NO RECURRENT ALTERATIONS IN OLP. IN CONTRAST, WE IDENTIFIED NUMEROUS ALTERATIONS IN THE DNA METHYLATION PATTERN IN OLP, AS COMPARED TO NORMAL CONTROLS, THAT WERE ALSO PRESENT IN OSCC. OUR DATA SUPPORT THE HYPOTHESIS THAT OLP IS A PRECURSOR LESION OF OSCC SHARING MULTIPLE EPIGENETIC ALTERATIONS WITH OSCC.	2019	
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                             
4  3908  30 LICHEN SCLEROSUS: AN AUTOIMMUNOPATHOGENIC AND GENOMIC ENIGMA WITH EMERGING GENETIC AND IMMUNE TARGETS. LICHEN SCLEROSUS (LS) IS AN INFLAMMATORY DERMATOSIS WITH A PREDILECTION FOR ANOGENITAL SKIN. DEVELOPING LESIONS LEAD TO VULVAR PAIN AND SEXUAL DYSFUNCTION, WITH A SIGNIFICANT LOSS OF STRUCTURAL ANATOMICAL ARCHITECTURE, SCLEROSIS, AND INCREASED RISK OF MALIGNANCY. ONSET MAY OCCUR AT ANY AGE IN BOTH SEXES, BUT TYPICALLY AFFECTS MORE FEMALES THAN MALES, PRESENTING IN A BIMODAL FASHION AMONG PRE-PUBERTAL CHILDREN AND MIDDLE-AGED ADULTS. A DEFINITIVE CURE REMAINS ELUSIVE AS THE EXACT PATHOGENESIS OF LS REMAINS UNKNOWN. A GENERAL REVIEW OF LS, HISTOLOGIC CHALLENGES, ALONG WITH AMOUNTING SUPPORT FOR LS AS AN AUTOIMMUNE DISEASE WITH PREFERENCE FOR A T(H)1 IMMUNE RESPONSE AGAINST A GENETIC BACKGROUND IS SUMMARIZED. IN ADDITION TO THE CLASSICALLY REFERENCED ECM1 (EXTRACELLULAR MATRIX PROTEIN 1), A FOLLOWING DISCUSSION OF OTHER IMMUNE AND GENETIC TARGETS MORE RECENTLY IMPLICATED AS CAUSATIVE OR ACCELERANT AGENTS OF DISEASE, PARTICULARLY MIR-155, DOWNSTREAM TARGETS OF ECM1, GALECTIN-7, P53, AND EPIGENETIC MODIFICATIONS TO CDKN2A, ARE ADDRESSED FROM THE VIEWPOINT OF THEIR INVOLVEMENT IN THREE DIFFERENT, BUT INTERCONNECTED ASPECTS OF LS PATHOLOGY. COLLECTIVELY, THESE EMERGING TARGETS SERVE NOT ONLY AS INHERENTLY POTENTIAL THERAPEUTIC TARGETS FOR TREATMENT, BUT MAY ALSO PROVIDE FURTHER INSIGHT INTO THIS DEBILITATING AND CRYPTIC DISEASE.	2019	
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            
5  6759  24 WNT SIGNALLING PATHWAY IN ORAL LESIONS. WINGLESS-INTEGRATED/BETA-CATENIN (WNT/?-CATENIN) SIGNALLING PATHWAY IS ONE OF THE PRINCIPAL INTERCELLULAR SIGNALLING PATHWAYS IN HUMANS. IT PLAYS AN INTRINSIC ROLE IN THE CELLULAR PROLIFERATION, DIFFERENTIATION AND REGENERATION ALONG WITH MANY OTHER CELLULAR FUNCTIONS. EPIGENETIC DEOXYRIBONUCLEIC ACID METHYLATIONS AND SILENCING OF WNT SIGNALLING PATHWAY GENES HAVE A SIGNIFICANT ROLE IN MALIGNANT TRANSFORMATION OF ORAL LESIONS SUCH AS ORAL SUBMUCOUS FIBROSIS, ORAL LEUKOPLAKIA, ORAL LICHEN PLANUS AND ERYTHROPLAKIA. THE INCREASE IN WNT INHIBITORY PROTEINS ALONG WITH INFLAMMATORY FACTORS CAUSE BONE LOSS IN PERIAPICAL LESIONS, SUCH AS CHRONIC APICAL PERIODONTITIS. THIS REVIEW DISCUSSES THE MOLECULAR GENETICS OF POTENTIALLY MALIGNANT ORAL LESIONS, SHEDS LIGHT ON OUR UNDERSTANDING OF WNT/?-CATENIN SIGNALLING IN BONE LOSS PERTAINING TO PERIAPICAL LESIONS, AND ALTERATION OF THIS PATHWAY FOR THERAPEUTIC BENEFITS.	2019	
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      
6  2042  31 EPIGENETIC CHARACTERISTICS IN INFLAMMATORY CANDIDATE GENES IN AGGRESSIVE PERIODONTITIS. BACKGROUND: PERIODONTITIS IS A CHRONIC INFLAMMATORY DISEASE TRIGGERED BY THE HOST IMMUNE RESPONSE. EPIGENETIC MODIFICATIONS ALSO AFFECT THE IMMUNE RESPONSE. WE ASSESSED CPG METHYLATION IN 22 INFLAMMATORY CANDIDATE GENES (ATF2, CCL25, CXCL14, CXCL3, CXCL5, CXCL6, FADD, GATA3, IL10RA, IL12A, IL12B, IL13, IL13RA1, IL15, IL17C, IL17RA, IL4R, IL6R, IL6ST, IL7, INHA, AND TYK2) WITH RESPECT TO THE OCCURRENCE OF AGGRESSIVE PERIODONTITIS (AGP). PATIENTS AND METHODS: IN THIS STUDY 15 AGP PATIENTS (53.3% MALES, 41.4+/-10.5 YEARS) AND 10 CONTROLS (40.0% MALES, 36.9+/-17.5 YEARS) WERE INCLUDED. THE METHYLATION PATTERNS OF GINGIVAL BIOPSIES WERE QUANTIFIED USING EPITECT(R) METHYL SIGNATURE PCR ARRAY HUMAN INFLAMMATORY RESPONSE. RESULTS: IN GINGIVAL BIOPSIES TAKEN FROM PATIENTS WITH AGP, CPG METHYLATION OF CCL25 (1.73% VS. 2.59%, P=0.015) AND IL17C (6.89% VS. 19.27%, P=0.002) WAS SIGNIFICANTLY REDUCED AS COMPARED WITH PERIODONTALLY HEALTHY TISSUES. DISCUSSION: WE SHOWED FOR THE FIRST TIME A DIFFERENTIAL METHYLATION PATTERN FOR CCL25 AND IL17C IN PERIODONTITIS. CCL25 PLAYS AN IMPORTANT ROLE IN T-CELL DEVELOPMENT, WHEREAS IL17C REGULATES INNATE EPITHELIAL IMMUNE RESPONSES. THE DECREASE IN CPG METHYLATION IS PRESUMABLY ACCOMPANIED BY AN INCREASE IN GENE EXPRESSION. THIS COULD LEAD TO A GREATER AVAILABILITY OF CCL25 AND INTERLEUKIN 17C AND SUPPORT PERIODONTAL LOSS OF ATTACHMENT.	2016	
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    
7  2974  31 GENETIC AND METHYLATION STATUS OF CDKN2A (P14(ARF)/P16(INK4A)) AND TP53 GENES IN RECURRENT RESPIRATORY PAPILLOMATOSIS. RECURRENT RESPIRATORY PAPILLOMATOSIS (RRP) IS A RARE AND CHRONIC DISEASE AFFECTING THE UPPER AIRWAY WITH PAPILLOMATOUS LESIONS CAUSED BY THE HUMAN PAPILLOMAVIRUS (HPV) INFECTION, ESPECIALLY HPV-6 AND/OR HPV-11 TYPES. LITTLE IS KNOWN ABOUT THE GENETIC AND EPIGENETIC DRIVERS IN RRP PATHOPHYSIOLOGY. FOR THIS PURPOSE, WE ANALYZED 27 PAPILLOMATOUS LESIONS FROM PATIENTS WITH RRP TO EVALUATE SOMATIC MUTATIONS AND METHYLATION STATUS IN CDKN2A (P14(ARF)/P16(INK4A)) AND TP53, WHICH ARE KEY TUMOR SUPPRESSOR GENES FOR THE CELL CYCLE CONTROL. SANGER SEQUENCING ANALYSIS REVEALED ONE SOMATIC MUTATION IN TP53 (C.733_734INSA) AND FOUR MUTATIONS IN CDKN2A (C.-30G > T, C.29_30INSA, C.69DELT, AND C.300C > A). THESE MUTATIONS WERE OBSERVED IN 10 PATIENTS, 6 OF WHICH CARRIED DOUBLE MUTATION. FURTHERMORE, 50% (5/10) OF THESE PATIENTS CARRYING SOMATIC MUTATIONS HAD RRP SEVERITY, REPRESENTING 62.5% (5/8) OF THE SEVERITY CASES IN THIS STUDY, ALBEIT NO SIGNIFICANT ASSOCIATION WAS FOUND BETWEEN SOMATIC MUTATIONS AND DISEASE SEVERITY. METHYLATION-SPECIFIC POLYMERASE CHAIN REACTION ASSAYS REVEALED P14(ARF) PROMOTER HYPERMETHYLATION IN 100% OF CASES, FOLLOWED BY TP53 (96.3%) AND P16(INK4A) (55.6%), SUGGESTING THE INFLUENCE OF HPV IN THE DNA METHYLATION MACHINERY. IN CONCLUSION, SOMATIC MUTATIONS WERE NOT COMMON EVENTS IDENTIFIED IN PATIENTS WITH RRP. HOWEVER, EPIGENETIC MODULATION BY HIGH METHYLATION RATES, PARTICULARLY FOR THE P14(ARF)/TP53 PATHWAY, SEEMS TO BE IN THE COURSE OF RRP DEVELOPMENT.	2022	
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          
8  5289  35 PROSTANOID RECEPTOR GENES CONFER POOR PROGNOSIS IN HEAD AND NECK SQUAMOUS CELL CARCINOMA VIA EPIGENETIC INACTIVATION. BACKGROUND: CHRONIC INFLAMMATION IS A RISK FACTOR FOR HEAD AND NECK SQUAMOUS CELL CARCINOMA (HNSCC) AND OTHER DISEASES. PROSTANOID RECEPTORS ARE CLEARLY INVOLVED IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF MANY TYPES OF CANCER. HOWEVER, THEIR ROLE IS NOT SIMPLE AND IS POORLY UNDERSTOOD IN HNSCC. METHODS: METHYLATION PROFILES OF PROSTANOID RECEPTOR FAMILY GENES WERE GENERATED FOR TUMOUR SAMPLES OBTAINED FROM 274 PATIENTS WITH HNSCC, INCLUDING 69 HYPOPHARYNX, 51 LARYNX, 79 ORAL CAVITY, AND 75 OROPHARYNX TUMOUR SAMPLES, BY QUANTITATIVE METHYLATION-SPECIFIC PCR. PROMOTER METHYLATION WAS THEN EVALUATED WITH RESPECT TO VARIOUS CLINICAL CHARACTERISTICS AND PATIENT SURVIVAL. RESULTS: THE MEAN NUMBER OF METHYLATED GENES PER SAMPLE WAS 2.05 +/- 2.59 (RANGE 0 TO 9). PROMOTERS OF PTGDR1, PTGDR2, PTGER1, PTGER2, PTGER3, PTGER4, PTGFR, PTGIR, AND TBXA2R WERE METHYLATED IN 43.8%, 18.2%, 25.5%, 17.5%, 41.2%, 8.0%, 19.3%, 20.4%, AND 11.3% OF THE SAMPLES, RESPECTIVELY. METHYLATION INDICES FOR PROSTANOID RECEPTOR FAMILY GENES TENDED TO BE HIGHER AS THE NUMBER OF TET METHYLATION EVENTS INCREASED. PATIENTS WITH 5-9 METHYLATED GENES HAD A SIGNIFICANTLY LOWER SURVIVAL RATE THAN THAT OF PATIENTS WITH 0-4 METHYLATED GENES (LOG-RANK TEST, P= 0.007). IN MULTIVARIATE ANALYSES, PTGDR1 METHYLATION WAS MOST HIGHLY CORRELATED WITH RECURRENCE IN PATIENTS WITH HYPOPHARYNGEAL CANCER (P = 0.014). A SIMILAR CORRELATION WAS OBSERVED FOR PTGER4 IN PATIENTS WITH LARYNGEAL CANCER (P = 0.046). METHYLATION OF THE PTGIR AND TBXA2R PROMOTERS WAS POSITIVELY CORRELATED WITH RECURRENCE IN OROPHARYNGEAL CANCER (P = 0.028 AND P = 0.006, RESPECTIVELY). MOREOVER, PATIENTS WITH 5-9 METHYLATED GENES WERE EXTREMELY LOWER OF 5HMC LEVELS (P = 0.035) AND WAS CORRELATED WITH INCREASING EXPRESSION OF DNMT3A AND DNMT3B (P < 0.05 AND P < 0.05, RESPECTIVELY). CONCLUSION: WE CHARACTERISED THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN THE METHYLATION STATUS OF PROSTANOID RECEPTOR GENES AND RECURRENCE IN HNSCC. THESE RESULTS PROVIDE NEW PERSPECTIVES FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF MOLECULAR TARGETED TREATMENT APPROACHES.	2020	
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    
9  5674  27 SHARED GENETIC AND EPIGENETIC MECHANISMS BETWEEN CHRONIC PERIODONTITIS AND ORAL SQUAMOUS CELL CARCINOMA. OBJECTIVES: TO ANALYZE BIOINFORMATIC DATASETS FOR DETECTING GENETIC AND EPIGENETIC MECHANISMS SHARED BY CHRONIC PERIODONTITIS (CP) AND ORAL SQUAMOUS CELL CARCINOMA (OSCC). MATERIALS AND METHODS: DATASETS FROM GEO AND TCGA DATABASES REPORTING MRNAS, MIRNAS OR METHYLATION EXPRESSION IN HUMAN CP AND OSCC TISSUES WERE ANALYZED. DIFFERENTIAL EXPRESSION, FUNCTIONAL ENRICHMENT AND PROTEIN-PROTEIN INTERACTION (PPI) NETWORK ANALYSES WERE PERFORMED. DIFFERENTIALLY EXPRESSED MIRNAS (DEMIRNAS) AND GENES (DEG) IN CP AND OSCC WERE DETERMINED. DEMIRNA-TARGET AND DEMIRNA-DEG NETWORKS WERE CONSTRUCTED. DIRECTLY AND INDIRECTLY INTERACTING CROSS-TALK GENES WERE SCREENED, AND THEIR PREDICTION ACCURACY AND ASSOCIATION WITH OSCC PROGNOSIS WAS DETERMINED. RESULTS: 3 DE-MIRNAS (MIR-375, MIR-3609 AND MIR-3652) EXPRESSED IN BOTH CP AND OSCC CRITICALLY REGULATED MOST DEGS. AMONG 12 DIRECTLY INTERACTING CROSS-TALK GENES, NCAPH WAS SIGNIFICANTLY RELATED WITH THE PROGNOSIS OF OSCC. NR2F2 HAD HIGHEST DIFFERENTIAL EXPRESSION IN CP AND OSCC. AMONG 4 CROSS-TALK GENES (FN1, MPPED1, NDEL1, AND NR2F2) DIFFERENTIALLY EXPRESSED IN CP, 3 (FN1, MPPED1, NDEL1) WERE ALSO EXPRESSED IN OSCC. AMONG 12 INDIRECTLY INTERACTING CROSS-TALK GENES DIFFERENTIALLY EXPRESSED IN OSCC, 3 GENES (CDCA8, HIST1H3J, AND RAD51) WERE SIGNIFICANTLY RELATED TO ITS PROGNOSIS. SIGNIFICANT PATHWAYS INVOLVED IN CP AND OSCC INCLUDED: CHEMOKINE RECEPTORS, CLASS I PI3K SIGNALING EVENTS, EPITHELIAL-TO-MESENCHYMAL TRANSITION AND SIGNALING EVENTS BY VEGFR1 AND VEGFR2, EGF RECEPTOR (ERBB1). CONCLUSION: BIOINFORMATIC ANALYSIS OF AVAILABLE DATASETS IMPLICATED 1 DIRECTLY INTERACTING CROSS-TALK GENE (NCAPH), 4 INDIRECTLY INTERACTING CROSS-TALK GENES (NCAPH, NR2F2, FN1, AND MPPED1) AND 3 DE-MIRNAS (HSA-MIR-375, MIR-3609 AND MIR-3652) AS SHARED GENETIC AND EPIGENETIC EXPRESSION PATTERNS BETWEEN CP AND OSCC.	2018	
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                         
10  3879  33 KERATIN 19-EXPRESSING HEPATOCELLULAR CARCINOMA AND SMALL-DUCT TYPE INTRAHEPATIC CHOLANGIOCARCINOMA SHOW A SIMILAR POSTOPERATIVE CLINICAL COURSE BUT HAVE DISTINCT GENETIC FEATURES. AIMS: THE PRESENT STUDY AIMED TO SYSTEMATICALLY COMPARE CLINICOPATHOLOGICAL AND GENETIC FEATURES BETWEEN KERATIN 19 (K19)-EXPRESSING HEPATOCELLULAR CARCINOMA (HCC) AND INTRAHEPATIC CHOLANGIOCARCINOMA (ICCA). METHODS AND RESULTS: CONSECUTIVE CASES OF HCC (N = 430) WERE CLASSIFIED INTO K19(+) AND K19(-) USING IMMUNOHISTOCHEMISTRY. ICCA CASES WERE ALSO SEPARATED INTO SMALL-(S-ICCA; N = 36) AND LARGE-DUCT TYPES (N = 22) BASED ON RECENTLY PROPOSED CRITERIA, WITH THE FORMER BEING USED IN THE PRESENT STUDY. MUTATIONAL HOT-SPOTS IN TERT, CTNNB1, KRAS AND IDH1 WERE SEQUENCED. TWENTY-SIX CASES (6%) OF HCC EXPRESSED K19. K19(+) HCC WAS MORE STRONGLY ASSOCIATED WITH CHRONIC HEPATITIS B THAN K19(-) HCC AND S-ICCA (46% VERSUS 17% AND 6%; BOTH P < 0.001). LYMPH NODE METASTASIS WAS OBSERVED IN K19(+) HCC (8%) AND S-ICCA (22%), BUT WAS EXCEPTIONAL IN K19(-) HCC (1%). K19(+) HCC HAD TERT PROMOTER MUTATIONS LESS FREQUENTLY THAN K19(-) HCC (31% VERSUS 59%; P = 0.022), AND LACKED ALTERATIONS IN KRAS AND IDH1. CTNNB1 MUTATIONS WERE SIMILARLY OBSERVED IN K19(+) AND K19(-) HCC (23% AND 19%, RESPECTIVELY), BUT RARE IN S-ICCA (3%). THE POSTOPERATIVE SURVIVAL CURVE OF K19(+) HCC WAS ALMOST IDENTICAL TO THAT OF S-ICCA IN THE FIRST 5 YEARS (APPROXIMATELY 50% AT 5 YEARS), AND SIGNIFICANTLY WORSE THAN THAT OF K19(-) HCC (P = 0.040). EXTRAHEPATIC RECURRENCE WAS MORE COMMON IN K19(+) HCC (50%) AND S-ICCA (35%) THAN IN K19(-) HCC (15%) (P = 0.001). CONCLUSIONS: ALTHOUGH K19(+) HCC AND S-ICCA SHOWED SIMILAR BIOLOGICAL BEHAVIOURS, THEY DID NOT SHARE ANY DRIVER GENE MUTATIONS, SUGGESTING THE POSSIBLE INVOLVEMENT OF EPIGENETIC ALTERATIONS IN THE ICCA-LIKE FEATURES OF K19(+) HCC.	2019	
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        
11  1422  30 DIFFERENTIAL CPG DNA METHYLATION OF PERIPHERAL B CELLS, CD4(+) T CELLS, AND SALIVARY GLAND TISSUES IN IGG4-RELATED DISEASE. OBJECTIVES: IMMUNOGLOBULIN-G4-RELATED DISEASE (IGG4-RD) IS A DISTINCT SYSTEMIC AUTOIMMUNE-MEDIATED DISEASE MANIFESTING AS CHRONIC INFLAMMATION AND TISSUE FIBROSIS. SINCE THE ROLE OF DNA METHYLATION IN THE PATHOGENESIS OF IGG4-RD IS STILL UNCLEAR, WE CONDUCT THIS STUDY TO INVESTIGATE EPIGENETIC MODIFICATIONS IN IGG4-RD. METHODS: A GENOME-WIDE DNA METHYLATION STUDY WAS CONDUCTED WITH B CELLS, CD4(+) T CELLS, AND SALIVARY GLAND TISSUES FROM IGG4-RD PATIENTS AND MATCHED CONTROLS BY USING THE ILLUMINA HUMANMETHYLATION 850K BEADCHIP. WE FURTHER PERFORMED PYROSEQUENCING AND IMMUNOHISTOCHEMISTRY ASSAYS TO VALIDATE THE METHYLATION STATUS OF SOME TARGETS OF INTEREST. RESULTS: WE IDENTIFIED DIFFERENTIALLY METHYLATED CPG SITES INCLUDING 44 HYPOMETHYLATED AND 166 HYPERMETHYLATED DIFFERENTIALLY METHYLATED PROBES (DMPS) IN B CELLS AND 260 HYPOMETHYLATED AND 112 HYPERMETHYLATED DMPS IN CD4(+) T CELLS FROM 10 IGG4-RD PATIENTS COMPARED WITH 10 HEALTHY CONTROLS. WE ALSO IDENTIFIED 36945 HYPOMETHYLATED AND 78380 HYPERMETHYLATED DMPS IN SALIVARY GLAND TISSUES OF 4 IGG4-RD PATIENTS COMPARED WITH 4 CONTROLS. DPM2 (CG21181453), IQCK (CG10266221), AND ABCC13 (CG05699681, CG04985582) WERE HYPERMETHYLATED AND MBP (CG18455083) WAS HYPOMETHYLATED IN B CELLS, CD4(+) T CELLS, AND SALIVARY GLAND TISSUES OF IGG4-RD PATIENTS. WE ALSO OBSERVED THE HYPOMETHYLATED HLA-DQB2 IN CD4(+) T CELLS FROM IGG4-RD PATIENTS. KYOTO ENCYCLOPEDIA OF GENES AND GENOMES (KEGG) PATHWAY ANALYSIS OF DMPS IN SALIVARY GLAND TISSUES OF IGG4-RD PATIENTS REVEALED ENRICHMENT OF PATHWAYS INVOLVED IN THE REGULATION OF IMMUNE CELL RESPONSES AND FIBROSIS. CONCLUSION: THIS IS THE FIRST DNA METHYLATION STUDY IN PERIPHERAL B CELLS, CD4(+) T CELLS, AND SALIVARY GLAND TISSUES FROM IGG4-RD PATIENTS. OUR FINDINGS HIGHLIGHTED THE ROLE OF EPIGENETIC MODIFICATION OF DNA METHYLATION AND IDENTIFIED SEVERAL GENES AND PATHWAYS POSSIBLY INVOLVED IN IGG4-RD PATHOGENESIS.	2023	
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    
12  3520  23 IGLV3-21R110 IDENTIFIES AN AGGRESSIVE BIOLOGICAL SUBTYPE OF CHRONIC LYMPHOCYTIC LEUKEMIA WITH INTERMEDIATE EPIGENETICS. B-CELL RECEPTOR (BCR) SIGNALING IS CRUCIAL FOR CHRONIC LYMPHOCYTIC LEUKEMIA (CLL) BIOLOGY. IGLV3-21-EXPRESSING B CELLS MAY ACQUIRE A SINGLE POINT MUTATION (R110) THAT TRIGGERS AUTONOMOUS BCR SIGNALING, CONFERRING AGGRESSIVE BEHAVIOR. EPIGENETIC STUDIES HAVE DEFINED 3 CLL SUBTYPES BASED ON METHYLATION SIGNATURES REMINISCENT OF NAIVE-LIKE (N-CLL), INTERMEDIATE (I-CLL), AND MEMORY-LIKE (M-CLL) B CELLS WITH DIFFERENT BIOLOGICAL FEATURES. I-CLL CARRIES A BORDERLINE IGHV MUTATIONAL LOAD AND SIGNIFICANTLY HIGHER USE OF IGHV3-21/IGLV3-21. TO DETERMINE THE CLINICAL AND BIOLOGICAL FEATURES OF IGLV3-21R110 CLL AND ITS RELATIONSHIP TO THESE EPIGENETIC SUBTYPES, WE CHARACTERIZED THE IMMUNOGLOBULIN GENE OF 584 CLL CASES USING WHOLE-GENOME/EXOME AND RNA SEQUENCING. IGLV3-21R110 WAS DETECTED IN 6.5% OF CASES: 30 (38%) OF 79 I-CLLS, 5 (1.7%) OF 291 M-CLLS, AND 1 (0.5%) OF 189 N-CLLS. ALL STEREOTYPE SUBSET 2 CASES CARRIED IGLV3-21R110, WHEREAS 62% OF IGLV3-21R110 I-CLL CASES HAD NONSTEREOTYPED BCR IMMUNOGLOBULINS. IGLV3-21R110 I-CLL HAD A SIGNIFICANTLY HIGHER NUMBER OF SF3B1 AND ATM MUTATIONS AND TOTAL NUMBER OF DRIVER ALTERATIONS. HOWEVER, THE R110 MUTATION WAS THE SOLE ALTERATION IN 1 I-CLL AND WAS ACCOMPANIED ONLY BY DEL(13Q) IN 3. ALTHOUGH IGHV MUTATIONAL STATUS VARIED, IGLV3-21R110 I-CLL TRANSCRIPTOMICALLY RESEMBLED N-CLL/UNMUTATED IGHV CLL WITH A SPECIFIC SIGNATURE INCLUDING WNT5A/B OVEREXPRESSION. IN CONTRAST, I-CLL LACKING IGLV3-21R110 MIRRORED M-CLL/MUTATED IGHV. PATIENTS WITH IGLV3-21R110 I-CLL HAD A SHORT TIME TO FIRST TREATMENT AND OVERALL SURVIVAL SIMILAR TO THOSE OF N-CLL/UNMUTATED IGHV PATIENTS, WHEREAS PATIENTS WITH NON-IGLV3-21R110 I-CLL HAD A GOOD PROGNOSIS SIMILAR TO THAT OF PATIENTS WITH M-CLL/MUTATED IGHV. IGLV3-21R110 DEFINES A CLL SUBGROUP WITH SPECIFIC BIOLOGICAL FEATURES AND AN UNFAVORABLE PROGNOSIS INDEPENDENT OF IGHV MUTATIONAL STATUS AND EPIGENETIC SUBTYPE.	2021	
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              
13  1457  37 DISEASE PROGRESSION FROM CHRONIC HEPATITIS C TO CIRRHOSIS AND HEPATOCELLULAR CARCINOMA IS ASSOCIATED WITH INCREASING DNA PROMOTER METHYLATION. BACKGROUND: CHANGES IN DNA METHYLATION PATTERNS ARE BELIEVED TO BE EARLY EVENTS IN HEPATOCARCINOGENESIS. A BETTER UNDERSTANDING OF METHYLATION STATES AND HOW THEY CORRELATE WITH DISEASE PROGRESSION WILL AID IN FINDING POTENTIAL STRATEGIES FOR EARLY DETECTION OF HCC. THE AIM OF OUR STUDY WAS TO ANALYZE THE METHYLATION FREQUENCY OF TUMOR SUPPRESSOR GENES, P14, P15, AND P73, AND A MISMATCH REPAIR GENE (O6MGMT) IN HCV RELATED CHRONIC LIVER DISEASE AND HCC TO IDENTIFY CANDIDATE EPIGENETIC BIOMARKERS FOR HCC PREDICTION. MATERIALS AND METHODS: 516 EGYPTIAN PATIENTS WITH HCV-RELATED LIVER DISEASE WERE RECRUITED FROM KASR ALAINI MULTIDISCIPLINARY HCC CLINIC FROM APRIL 2010 TO JANUARY 2012. SUBJECTS WERE DIVIDED INTO 4 DIFFERENT CLINICALLY DEFINED GROUPS - HCC GROUP (N=208), LIVER CIRRHOSIS GROUP (N=108), CHRONIC HEPATITIS C GROUP (N=100), AND CONTROL GROUP (N=100) - TO ANALYZE THE METHYLATION STATUS OF THE TARGET GENES IN PATIENT PLASMA USING EPITECT METHYL QPCR ARRAY TECHNOLOGY. METHYLATION WAS CONSIDERED TO BE HYPERMETHYLATED IF >10% AND/OR INTERMEDIATELY METHYLATED IF >60%. RESULTS: IN OUR SERIES, A SIGNIFICANT DIFFERENCE IN THE HYPERMETHYLATION STATUS OF ALL STUDIED GENES WAS NOTED WITHIN THE DIFFERENT STAGES OF CHRONIC LIVER DISEASE AND ULTIMATELY HCC. HYPERMETHYLATION OF THE P14 GENE WAS DETECTED IN 100/208 (48.1%), 52/108 (48.1%), 16/100 (16%) AND 8/100 (8%) AMONG HCC, LIVER CIRRHOSIS, CHRONIC HEPATITIS AND CONTROL GROUPS, RESPECTIVELY, WITH A STATISTICALLY SIGNIFICANT DIFFERENCE BETWEEN THE STUDIED GROUPS (P-VALUE 0.008). WE ALSO DETECTED P15 HYPERMETHYLATION IN 92/208 (44.2%), 36/108 (33.3%), 20/100 (20%) AND 4/100 (4%) , RESPECTIVELY (P-VALUE 0.006). IN ADDITION, HYPERMETHYLATION OF P73 WAS DETECTED IN 136/208 (65.4%), 72/108 (66.7%), 32/100 (32%) AND 4/100 (4%) (P-VALUE <0.001). ALSO, WE DETECTED O6MGMT HYPERMETHYLATION IN 84/208 (40.4%), 60/108 (55.3%), 20/100 (20%) AND 4/100 (4%), RESPECTIVELY (P VALUE <0.001. CONCLUSIONS: THE EPIGENETIC CHANGES OBSERVED IN THIS STUDY INDICATE THAT HCC TUMORS EXHIBIT SPECIFIC DNA METHYLATION SIGNATURES WITH POTENTIAL CLINICAL APPLICATIONS IN DIAGNOSIS AND PROGNOSIS. IN ADDITION, METHYLATION FREQUENCY COULD BE USED TO MONITOR WHETHER A PATIENT WITH CHRONIC HEPATITIS C IS LIKELY TO PROGRESS TO LIVER CIRRHOSIS OR EVEN HCC. WE CAN CONCLUDE THAT METHYLATION PROCESSES ARE NOT JUST EARLY EVENTS IN HEPATOCARCINOGENESIS BUT ACCUMULATE WITH PROGRESSION TO CANCER.	2014	
                                 
14  2134  32 EPIGENETIC INACTIVATION OF THE MIR129-2 IN HEMATOLOGICAL MALIGNANCIES. BACKGROUND: MIR129-2 HAS BEEN SHOWN TO BE A TUMOR SUPPRESSOR MICRORNA HYPERMETHYLATED IN EPITHELIAL CANCERS. PATIENTS AND METHODS: EPIGENETIC INACTIVATION OF MIR129-2 WAS STUDIED BY METHYLATION-SPECIFIC PCR (MSP) IN 13 CELL LINES (EIGHT MYELOMA AND FIVE LYMPHOMA), 15 NORMAL CONTROLS AND 344 PRIMARY SAMPLES INCLUDING ACUTE MYELOID LEUKEMIA (AML), ACUTE LYMPHOBLASTIC LEUKEMIA (ALL), CHRONIC MYELOID LEUKEMIA (CML), CHRONIC LYMPHOCYTIC LEUKEMIA (CLL), NON-HODGKIN'S LYMPHOMA (NHL), MULTIPLE MYELOMA (MM) AT DIAGNOSIS, MM AT RELAPSE/PROGRESSION, AND MONOCLONAL GAMMOPATHY OF UNDETERMINED SIGNIFICANCE (MGUS). EXPRESSION OF MIR129 AND ITS TARGET, SOX4, IN CELL LINES WAS MEASURED BEFORE AND AFTER HYPOMETHYLATING TREATMENT AND MIR129 OVEREXPRESSION. MIR129 EXPRESSION WAS CORRELATED WITH MIR129-2 METHYLATION STATUS IN PRIMARY LYMPHOMA SAMPLES. TUMOR SUPPRESSOR FUNCTION OF MIR129 WAS DEMONSTRATED BY MTT AND TRYPAN BLUE EXCLUSION ASSAY AFTER MIR129 OVEREXPRESSION. RESULTS: THE SENSITIVITY OF THE METHYLATED-MSP WAS ONE IN 10(3). DIFFERENT MSP STATUSES, INCLUDING COMPLETE METHYLATION, PARTIAL METHYLATION, AND COMPLETE UNMETHYLATION, WERE VERIFIED BY QUANTITATIVE BISULFITE PYROSEQUENCING. ALL FIVE LYMPHOMA AND SEVEN OF EIGHT MYELOMA CELL LINES SHOWED COMPLETE AND PARTIAL MIR129-2 METHYLATION. IN PRIMARY SAMPLES, MIR129-2 METHYLATION WAS ABSENT IN AML AND CML, BUT DETECTED IN 5% ALL, 45.9% CLL, 49.5% MM AT DIAGNOSIS, AND 59.1% NHL. IN CLL, MIR129-2 METHYLATION ADVERSELY IMPACTED ON SURVIVAL (P=0.004). IN MM, MIR129-2 METHYLATION INCREASED FROM 27.5% MGUS TO 49.5% MM AT DIAGNOSIS AND 41.5% AT RELAPSE/PROGRESSION (P=0.023). IN NHL, MIR129-2 METHYLATION WAS ASSOCIATED WITH MIR124-1 AND MIR203 METHYLATION (P<0.001), AND LOWER MIR129 EXPRESSION (P=0.009). HYPOMETHYLATION TREATMENT OF JEKO-1, HOMOZYGOUSLY METHYLATED FOR MIR129-2, LED TO MIR129-2 DEMETHYLATION AND MIR129 RE-EXPRESSION, WITH DOWNREGULATION OF SOX4 MRNA. MOREOVER, MIR129 OVEREXPRESSION IN BOTH MANTLE CELL LINES, JEKO-1 AND GRANTA-519, INHIBITED CELLULAR PROLIFERATION AND ENHANCED CELL DEATH, WITH CONCOMITANT SOX4 MRNA DOWNREGULATION. CONCLUSIONS: MIR129-2 IS A TUMOR SUPPRESSIVE MICRORNA FREQUENTLY METHYLATED IN LYMPHOID BUT NOT MYELOID MALIGNANCIES, LEADING TO REVERSIBLE MIR129-2 SILENCING. IN CLL, MIR129-2 METHYLATION WAS ASSOCIATED WITH AN INFERIOR SURVIVAL. IN MM, MIR129-2 METHYLATION MIGHT BE ACQUIRED DURING PROGRESSION FROM MGUS TO SYMPTOMATIC MM. IN NHL, MIR129-2 METHYLATION MIGHT COLLABORATE WITH MIR124-1 AND MIR203 METHYLATION IN LYMPHOMAGENESIS.	2013	

15   515  30 ASSOCIATION OF SOCS1 (- 820) (RS33977706) GENE POLYMORPHISM WITH CHRONIC PERIODONTITIS: A CASE-CONTROL STUDY IN BRAZILIANS. IT IS EVIDENT THAT THE ACCUMULATION OF PERIODONTAL PATHOGENS OVER THE TEETH SURFACE TRIGGERS PERIODONTITIS; HOWEVER, ITS AGGRAVATION AND SEVERITY DEPEND ON OTHER ELEMENTS SUCH AS ENVIRONMENTAL FACTORS, SYSTEMIC HEALTH AND THE HOST GENETIC AND/OR EPIGENETIC BACKGROUND. TO ADDRESS THIS ISSUE, WE INVESTIGATED THE ASSOCIATION OF TWO GENETIC POLYMORPHISMS PLACED ON PROMOTER REGION OF SOCS1 GENE WITH CHRONIC PERIODONTAL DISEASE. SOCS1 REGULATES JAK/KINASE SIGNALING PATHWAY AND CHANGES IN ITS MRNA EXPRESSION HAVE BEEN RELATED TO DIFFERENT TYPES OF CANCER AND CHRONIC INFLAMMATION, INCLUDING CHRONIC PERIODONTITIS. THE FREQUENCY OF ALLELES AND GENOTYPES OF TWO POLYMORPHISMS IN SOCS1 GENE PROMOTER (POSITION - 820 (RS33977706) AND POSITION - 1478 (RS33989964)) WERE ANALYZED BY PERFORMING RFLP AND TAQMAN SYSTEM IN A TOTAL OF 257 NON-SMOKING SUBJECTS. WE FOUND A LOW FREQUENCY OF A ALLELE AND A/A GENOTYPE OF SOCS1(- 820) POLYMORPHISM IN THE CHRONIC PERIODONTITIS GROUP, ESPECIALLY WHEN SEVERE PERIODONTITIS SAMPLES WERE SEPARATELY ANALYZED (OR = 0.3933; P = 0.0084 (IC95% 0.2112 < MU < 0.7324)), SUGGESTING THAT A ALLELE PLAYS PROTECTIVE EFFECT AGAINST CHRONIC PERIODONTITIS. WE DID NOT FIND ASSOCIATION BETWEEN SOCS1-1478 POLYMORPHISM AND PERIODONTITIS. IN ADDITION, ANALYSIS OF SOCS1 (- 820/- 1478) HAPLOTYPE REVEALED THAT THE FREQUENCY OF A(- 820)/CA(- 1478) HAPLOTYPE DECREASES IN CHRP (P = 0.0089). IN CONCLUSION, OUR STUDY FOUND THAT SOCS1(- 820) POLYMORPHISM IS ASSOCIATED WITH CHRONIC PERIODONTITIS.	2015	
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                   
16  4229  31 METHYLATION OF INK4 AND CIP/KIP FAMILIES OF CYCLIN-DEPENDENT KINASE INHIBITOR IN CHRONIC LYMPHOCYTIC LEUKAEMIA IN CHINESE PATIENTS. BACKGROUND: INK4 (P15, P16, P18 AND P19) AND CIP/KIP (P21, P27 AND P57) ARE TWO FAMILIES OF CYCLIN-DEPENDENT KINASE INHIBITORS (CKI) TARGETING CDK4/6 AND CDK2, RESPECTIVELY. AIM: TO STUDY THE ROLE OF METHYLATION IN THE INACTIVATION OF CKI IN CHRONIC LYMPHOCYTIC LEUKAEMIA (CLL). MATERIALS AND METHODS: METHYLATION-SPECIFIC POLYMERASE CHAIN REACTION WAS CARRIED OUT ON DNA OBTAINED FROM THE BONE MARROW OF 56 NEWLY DIAGNOSED PATIENTS WITH CLL. RESULTS: SIMILAR DEMOGRAPHIC FEATURES AND CLINICAL OUTCOME WERE OBSERVED IN OUR PATIENTS WHEN COMPARED WITH CAUCASIAN PATIENTS, INCLUDING AN INDOLENT CLINICAL COURSE (10-YEAR OVERALL SURVIVAL 51%) AND ADVANCED RAI STAGE (P = 0.006), AND A HIGH-RISK KARYOTYPE SUCH AS TRISOMY 12 AND COMPLEX ABERRATIONS (P = 0.03). IN THE INK4 FAMILY, METHYLATION IN P15 AND P16 OCCURRED IN 20 (35.7%) AND 8 (14.3%) PATIENTS, RESPECTIVELY. IN ALL, 5 (8.9%) CLL SAMPLES HARBOURED CONCURRENT METHYLATION OF BOTH P15 AND P16. APART FROM AN ASSOCIATION OF P16 METHYLATION WITH HIGHER PRESENTING LEUCOCYTE COUNT (64.5 X 10(9)/L IN METHYLATED P16 AND 16.0 X 10(9)/L IN UNMETHYLATED P16 PATIENTS; P = 0.016), THERE WAS NO ASSOCIATION BETWEEN P15 AND P16 METHYLATION AND AGE, SEX AND RAI STAGE. NO DIFFERENCE WAS OBSERVED IN THE OVERALL SURVIVAL FOR PATIENTS WITH AND WITHOUT P15 AND P16 METHYLATION. BY CONTRAST, P18 AND RB WERE UNMETHYLATED IN ALL SAMPLES. IN THE CIP/KIP FAMILY, APART FROM INFREQUENT METHYLATION OF P57 IN 4 (7.1%) PATIENTS, METHYLATION OF P21 AND P27 WAS UNIFORMLY ABSENT. CONCLUSION: P15 AND, LESS FREQUENTLY, P16 OF THE INK4 FAMILY OF CKI, INSTEAD OF THE CIP OR KIP FAMILY, WERE TARGETED BY METHYLATION IN CLL. P16 METHYLATION WAS ASSOCIATED WITH A HIGHER LYMPHOCYTE COUNT AT PRESENTATION. THIS IS THE FIRST COMPREHENSIVE STUDY OF THE EPIGENETIC DYSREGULATION OF THE INK4 AND CIP/KIP FAMILIES OF CKI IN CHINESE PATIENTS WITH CLL.	2006	
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                
17  2127  34 EPIGENETIC INACTIVATION OF MIR-9 FAMILY MICRORNAS IN CHRONIC LYMPHOCYTIC LEUKEMIA--IMPLICATIONS ON CONSTITUTIVE ACTIVATION OF NFKAPPAB PATHWAY. BACKGROUND: THE MIR-9 FAMILY MICRORNAS HAVE BEEN IDENTIFIED AS A TUMOR SUPPRESSOR MIRNA IN CANCERS. WE POSTULATED THAT MIR-9-1, MIR-9-2 AND MIR-9-3 MIGHT BE INACTIVATED BY DNA HYPERMETHYLATION IN CHRONIC LYMPHOCYTIC LEUKEMIA (CLL). METHODS: METHYLATION OF MIR-9-1, MIR-9-2 AND MIR-9-3 WAS STUDIED IN EIGHT NORMAL CONTROLS INCLUDING NORMAL BONE MARROW, BUFFY COAT, AND CD19-SORTED PERIPHERAL BLOOD B-CELLS FROM HEALTHY INDIVIDUALS, SEVEN CLL CELL LINES, AND SEVENTY-EIGHT DIAGNOSTIC CLL SAMPLES BY METHYLATION-SPECIFIC POLYMERASE CHAIN REACTION. RESULTS: THE PROMOTERS OF MIR-9-3 AND MIR-9-1 WERE BOTH UNMETHYLATED IN NORMAL CONTROLS, BUT METHYLATED IN FIVE (71.4%) AND ONE OF SEVEN CLL CELL LINES RESPECTIVELY. HOWEVER, MIR-9-2 PROMOTER WAS METHYLATED IN NORMAL CONTROLS INCLUDING CD19 + VE B-CELLS, HENCE SUGGESTIVE OF A TISSUE-SPECIFIC BUT NOT TUMOR-SPECIFIC METHYLATION, AND THUS NOT FURTHER STUDIED. DIFFERENT MSP STATUSES OF MIR-9-3, INCLUDING COMPLETE METHYLATION, PARTIAL METHYLATION, AND COMPLETE UNMETHYLATION, WERE VERIFIED BY QUANTITATIVE BISULFITE METHYLATION ANALYSIS. 5-AZA-2'-DEOXYCYTIDINE TREATMENT RESULTED IN MIR-9-3 PROMOTER DEMETHYLATION AND RE-EXPRESSION OF PRI-MIR-9-3 IN I83-E95 AND WAC3CD5+ CELLS, WHICH WERE HOMOZYGOUSLY METHYLATED FOR MIR-9-3. MOREOVER, OVEREXPRESSION OF MIR-9 LED TO SUPPRESSED CELL PROLIFERATION AND ENHANCED APOPTOSIS TOGETHER WITH DOWNREGULATION OF NFKAPPAB1 IN I83-E95 CELLS, SUPPORTING A TUMOR SUPPRESSOR ROLE OF MIR-9-3 IN CLL. IN PRIMARY CLL SAMPLES, MIR-9-3 WAS DETECTED IN 17% AND MIR-9-1 METHYLATION IN NONE OF THE PATIENTS AT DIAGNOSIS. MOREOVER, MIR-9-3 METHYLATION WAS ASSOCIATED WITH ADVANCED RAI STAGE (>/= STAGE 2) (P = 0.04). CONCLUSIONS: OF THE MIR-9 FAMILY, MIR-9-3 IS A TUMOR SUPPRESSOR MIRNA RELATIVELY FREQUENTLY METHYLATED, AND HENCE SILENCED IN CLL; WHEREAS MIR-9-1 METHYLATION IS RARE IN CLL. THE ROLE OF MIR-9-3 METHYLATION IN THE CONSTITUTIVE ACTIVATION OF NFKAPPAB SIGNALING PATHWAY IN CLL WARRANTS FURTHER STUDY.	2013	
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                
18  3009  25 GENETICS AND EPIGENETICS IN NEOPLASMS WITH PLASMACYTOID DENDRITIC CELLS. PLASMACYTOID DENDRITIC CELLS (PDC) ARE TYPE I INTERFERON (IFN)-PRODUCING CELLS THAT PLAY A KEY ROLE IN IMMUNE RESPONSES. TWO MAJOR TYPES OF NEOPLASTIC COUNTERPARTS FOR PDC ARE NOW DISCRIMINATED: BLASTIC PDC NEOPLASM (BPDCN) AND MATURE PDC PROLIFERATION (MPDCP), ASSOCIATED WITH MYELOID NEOPLASM. TWO TYPES OF MPDCP ARE NOW BETTER DESCRIBED: CHRONIC MYELOMONOCYTIC LEUKEMIA WITH PDC EXPANSION (PDC-CMML) AND ACUTE MYELOID LEUKEMIA WITH PDC EXPANSION (PDC-AML). DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS BETWEEN PDC-AML AND BPDCN IS PARTICULARLY CHALLENGING, AND GENOMIC FEATURES CAN HELP FOR DIAGNOSIS. HERE, WE SYSTEMATICALLY REVIEW THE CYTOGENETIC, MOLECULAR, AND TRANSCRIPTIONAL CHARACTERISTICS OF BPDCN AND PDC-AML. BPDCN ARE CHARACTERIZED BY FREQUENT COMPLEX KARYOTYPES WITH RECURRENT MYB/MYC REARRANGEMENTS AS WELL AS RECURRENT DELETIONS INVOLVING ETV6, IKZF1, RB1, AND TP53 LOCI. EPIGENETIC AND SPLICING PATHWAYS ARE ALSO PARTICULARLY MUTATED, WHILE ORIGINAL PROCESSES ARE DYSREGULATED, SUCH AS NF-KB, TCF4, BCL2, AND IFN PATHWAYS; NEUTROPHIL-SPECIFIC RECEPTORS; AND CHOLINERGIC SIGNALING. IN CONTRAST, CYTOGENETIC ABNORMALITIES ARE LIMITED IN PDC-AML AND ARE QUITE SIMILAR TO OTHER AML. INTERESTINGLY, RUNX1 IS THE MOST FREQUENTLY MUTATED GENE (70% OF CASES). THESE TYPICAL GENOMIC FEATURES ARE OF POTENTIAL INTEREST FOR DIAGNOSIS, AND ALSO FROM A PROGNOSTIC OR THERAPEUTIC PERSPECTIVE.	2022	
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          
19   511  31 ASSOCIATION OF RASSF1A HYPERMETHYLATION WITH RISK OF HBV/HCV-INDUCED HEPATOCELLULAR CARCINOMA: A META-ANALYSIS. BACKGROUND: RESEARCHERS HAVE DISCOVERED A LARGE NUMBER OF DNA METHYLATION PATTERNS IN HUMAN CANCER. THESE CANCER-SPECIFIC METHYLATION PATTERNS CAN PROVIDE INFORMATION FOR THE DIAGNOSIS, TREATMENT, AND PROGNOSIS OF CANCER. METHYLATION STUDIES CAN FIND NEW BIOMARKERS BASED ON EPIGENETIC ANALYSIS AND APPLY THESE BIOMARKERS TO CLINICAL ONCOLOGY. MANY STUDIES ON THE ASSOCIATION BETWEEN RAASF1A METHYLATION STATUS AND SUSCEPTIBILITY TO HEPATITIS B VIRUS (HBV)/HEPATITIS C VIRUS (HCV)-INDUCED HEPATOCELLULAR CARCINOMA (HCC) HAVE REACHED CONTROVERSIAL CONCLUSIONS. HENCE, THE CURRENT REVIEW COMPREHENSIVELY ASSESSED THE CORRELATION BETWEEN RAS ASSOCIATION DOMAIN FAMILY 1A (RASSF1A) METHYLATION AND THE RISK OF THE HCV/HBV-INDUCED HCC. METHODS: THE APPROPRIATED PUBLICATIONS WERE EXTRACTED IN EMBASE, PUBMED, WEB OF SCIENCE, COCHRANE LIBRARY, AND CHINA NATIONAL KNOWLEDGE INFRASTRUCTURE DATABASES USING STATA 5.0 SOFTWARE. THE ODDS RATIOS (ORS) WITH 95 % CONFIDENCE INTERVAL (95 % CI) OF RASSF1A METHYLATION WERE COMPUTED. RESULTS: A TOTAL OF 1015 HBV/HCV-RELATED HCC SAMPLES, 124 NON-HBV/HCV-RELATED HCC (NBNC-HCC) SAMPLES, AND 1225 NONTUMOROUS CONTROLS WERE EXTRACTED AND EXAMINED IN THIS RESEARCH. THE FREQUENCY OF THE METHYLATED RASSF1A IN THE HBV/HCV-RELATED TUMOR CASES DISPLAYED A SIGNIFICANTLY INCREASED OR COMPARED WITH THE OVERALL NONTUMOR SAMPLES (OR = 19.372, 95 % CI = 11.060-33.931, P = 0.000). THE FREQUENCY OF THE METHYLATED RASSF1A IN HBV/HCV-RELATED NEOPLASM CASES DISPLAYED A SIGNIFICANTLY INCREASED OR COMPARED WITH THE NON-HBV/HCV-RELATED NEOPLASM (NBNC-NEOPLASM) SAMPLES (OR = 2.150, 95 % CI = 1.398-3.308, P = 0.000). COMPARED WITH NORMAL, CHRONIC HEPATITIS B OR C, CIRRHOSIS, AND PARACANCEROUS SAMPLES, THE POOLED OR OF THE RASSF1A PROMOTER METHYLATION IN THE HBV/HCV-INDUCED HCC SAMPLES WAS 62.785(95 % CI = 35.224-111.909), 25.07 (95 % CI = 13.85-45.36), 6.89 (95 % CI = 3.33-14.264) AND 9.02 (95 % CI = 0.91-89.80), RESPECTIVELY. THE RATE OF RASSF1A HYPERMETHYLATION WAS ROBUSTLY CORRELATED WITH TUMOR SIZE AND VASCULAR INVASION, AND THE POOLED OR WAS 0.346 (95 % CI = 0.210 - 0.569) AND 0.081 (95 % CI = 0.022 - 0.303), RESPECTIVELY. CONCLUSION: RESULTS SHOWED ROBUST ASSOCIATIONS BETWEEN RASSF1A GENE METHYLATION IN PROMOTER REGION AND ENHANCED HBV/HCV-RELATED HCC SUSCEPTIBILITY, THEREBY REVEALING THAT RASSF1A METHYLATION STATUS MAY SERVE AS AN IMPORTANT INDICATOR FOR HCC ONCOGENESIS.	2020	
                                                                                      
20   564  34 BASAL CELL CARCINOMAS OF THE SCALP AFTER RADIOTHERAPY FOR TINEA CAPITIS IN CHILDHOOD: A GENETIC AND EPIGENETIC STUDY WITH COMPARISON WITH BASAL CELL CARCINOMAS EVOLVING IN CHRONICALLY SUN-EXPOSED AREAS. BACKGROUND: BASAL CELL CARCINOMA (BCC) HAS BEEN MOSTLY ASSOCIATED WITH SUN EXPOSURE, BUT IONIZING RADIATION IS ALSO A KNOWN RISK FACTOR. IT IS NOT CLEAR IF THE PATHOGENESIS OF BCC, NAMELY AT A GENOMIC AND EPIGENETIC LEVEL, DIFFERS ACCORDING TO THE UNDERLYING TRIGGERING FACTORS. OBJECTIVE: THE PRESENT STUDY AIMS TO COMPARE GENETIC AND EPIGENETIC CHANGES IN BCCS RELATED TO IONIZING RADIATION AND CHRONIC SUN EXPOSURE. METHODS: TUMOR SAMPLES FROM BCCS OF THE SCALP IN PATIENTS SUBMITTED TO RADIOTHERAPY TO TREAT TINEA CAPITIS IN CHILDHOOD AND BCCS FROM SUN-EXPOSED AREAS WERE ANALYSED THROUGH ARRAY COMPARATIVE GENOMIC HYBRIDIZATION (ARRAY-CGH) AND METHYLATION-SPECIFIC MULTIPLEX LIGATION-DEPENDENT PROBE AMPLIFICATION (MS-MLPA) TO DETECT COPY NUMBER ALTERATIONS AND METHYLATION STATUS OF SPECIFIC GENES. RESULTS: GENOMIC CHARACTERIZATION OF TUMOR SAMPLES REVEALED SEVERAL COPY NUMBER GAINS AND LOSSES IN ALL CHROMOSOMES, WITH THE MOST FREQUENT GAINS OBSERVED AT 2P, 6P, 12P, 14Q, 15Q, 18Q, XP AND YP, AND THE MOST FREQUENT LOSSES OBSERVED AT 3Q, 14Q, 16P, 17Q, 22Q, XP, YP AND YQ. WE DEVELOPED A STATISTICAL MODEL, ENCOMPASSING GAINS IN 3P AND 16P AND LOSSES IN 14Q AND 20P, WITH POTENTIAL TO DISCRIMINATE BCC SAMPLES WITH SPORADIC AETIOLOGY FROM BCC SAMPLES THAT EVOLVE AFTER RADIOTHERAPY IN CHILDHOOD FOR THE TREATMENT OF TINEA CAPITIS, WHICH PRESENTED STATISTICAL SIGNIFICANCE (P = 0.003). FEW METHYLATED GENES WERE DETECTED THROUGH MS-MLPA, MOST FREQUENTLY RARB AND CD44. CONCLUSIONS: OUR STUDY REPRESENTS A STEP FORWARD IN THE UNDERSTANDING OF THE GENETIC MECHANISMS UNDERLYING THE PATHOGENESIS OF BCC AND SUGGESTS POTENTIAL DIFFERENCES ACCORDING TO THE UNDERLYING RIS K FACTORS.	2021