1  6901 167 [THE EXPERIMENTAL MODEL OF AUTOIMMUNE PROCESS: THE ROLE OF EPIGENETIC VARIATION IN THE POPULATION OF MICE HYBRIDS]. BACKGROUND: AT THE DEVELOPMENT OF GRAFT VERSUS HOST DISEASE IN GENETICALLY HOMOGENEOUS POPULATION OF (C57BI/6 X DBA/2) FL MICE TWO CLINICAL PHENOTYPES OF SLE-LIKE DISEASE WERE REVEALED: LUPUS+ (IMMUNE COMPLEX GLOMERULONEPHRITIS AND HEMNOLYTIC ANEMIA) AND LUPUS - (HEMOLYTIC ANEMIA). THE GVHD PHENOTYPIC HETEROGENEITY IS DETERMINED BY THE TH2-POLARIZATION: TH2 LYMPHOCYTE PREDOMINANT ACTIVITY, LEADS TO THE LUPUS+DEVELOPMENT, OR PREVALENCE ACTIVITY OF TH1 CELLS, LEADS TO THE LUPUS- DEVELOPMENT. OBJECTIVE: OUR AIM WAS TO EVALUATE THE POSSIBILITY OF USING AN EXPERIMENTAL MODEL OF AUTOIMMNUNE DISEASE FOR STUDYING AND TESTING OF EPIGENETIC MODIFICATIONS, SHIFTING TH1/TH2 BALANCE IN VIVO. METHODS: CHRONIC GVHD WAS INDUCED IN B6D2F1 MICE BY THE TRANSPLANTATION OF 130X10(6) PARENTAL DBA/2 SPLENOCYTES. ANTI-DS-DNA, TOTAL IGG AND IGGI, IGG2A ABS WERE MEASURED BY ELISA. RESULTS: SIX- TO 8-WEEK-OLD FEMALE DBA/2 AND B6D2F1 MICE WERE OBTAINED FROM BIOLOGICAL RESEARCH LABORATORY (NOVOSIBIRSK). IT WAS ESTABLISHED THAT REGULAR MODERATE PHYSICAL ACTIVITY (UNLADED SWIMMING) SHIFTED TH1/TH2 BALANCE TOWARDS TH1. THIS LEADS TO A DECREASE IN A POPULATION OF RECIPIENTS THE LUPUS+ MICE FROM 57 TO 26% (P <0,001) WITH SIGNIFICANTLY REDUCED HYPERGAMMAGLOBULINEMIA (IGG FROM 2,8 TO 2,0 MG/ML; P <0,047) AND DNA ANTIBODIES TITER FROM 0,18 TO 0,12 OD (P =0,05). ADMINISTRATION OF EPIGENETIC MODIFICATOR BISPHENOL A AT LOW DOSES, WHICH MIMICKING ESTROGEN EFFECTS, ENHANCES THE PROPORTION OF LUPUS+ MICE IN EXPERIMENTAL GROUPS FROM 33 TO 64% (P <0,001) AND IMPAIRS THEIR CLINICAL STATUS BY THE INCREASING THE URINE PROTEIN LEVEL FROM 2.8 TO 4,2 MG/ML (P <0,001) IN ANIMALS. CONCLUSION: TH1/TH2 - BALANCE PRESUMABLY IS DETERMINED BY THE IMMUNE SYSTEM EPIGENETIC MODIFICATION IN EXPERIMENTAL MICE, FORMED ON THE PREVIOUS STAGES OF ONTOGENY AND DEFINES THE DIRECTION OF IMMUNE PROCESSES DEVELOPMENT IN INDIVIDUAL ANIMAL.	2015	
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            
2  1001  37 CHRONIC TCDD EXPOSURE RESULTS IN THE DYSREGULATION OF GENE EXPRESSION IN SPLENIC B-LYMPHOCYTES AND IN THE IMPAIRMENTS IN T-CELL AND B-CELL DIFFERENTIATION IN MOUSE MODEL. 2,3,7,8-TETRACHLORODIBENZO-P-DIOXIN (TCDD) EXPOSURE IN HUMANS IS ASSOCIATED WITH MARKED IMMUNE SUPPRESSIONS AND INCREASED INCIDENCE OF LYMPHOBLASTIC DISEASES. TO ELUCIDATE MECHANISMS OF IMPAIRMENTS IN HUMORAL IMMUNE RESPONSES, WE USED A MURINE MODEL. FOLLOWING A 20-WEEK ADMINISTRATION OF LOW DOSES OF TCDD, WE OBSERVED SEVERELY REDUCED ANTIBODY TITERS, DRAMATICALLY DECREASED NUMBER OF SPLENIC TH1 AND TH2 CELLS AND AN INCREASE IN CD19(+) B CELLS. TRANSCRIPTIONAL PROFILING OF CD19(+) B CELLS SHOWED THAT MARKERS OF PRE-B CELLS WERE SIGNIFICANTLY ELEVATED, INDICATING DELAYED B CELL MATURATION. THESE CHANGES IN B CELLS WERE ACCOMPANIED BY DECREASES OF T HELPER CELL NUMBERS AND REDUCED IGM AND IGG TITERS. A TRANSCRIPTOME ANALYSIS OF SPLENIC B CELLS FOLLOWED BY INGENUITY PATHWAY ANALYSIS (IPA) REVEALED A SET OF DIFFERENTIALLY EXPRESSED GENES KNOWN TO PLAY ROLES IN TUMORIGENESIS, CELL-PROLIFERATION AND CELL-MIGRATION. THE MOST UP-REGULATED TRANSCRIPT GENE WAS EPH RECEPTOR A2 (EPHA2), A KNOWN ONCOGENE, AND THE MOST DOWN-REGULATED TRANSCRIPT WAS ZBTB16 THAT CODES FOR A NEGATIVE TRANSCRIPTIONAL REGULATOR IMPORTANT IN EPIGENETIC CHROMATIN REMODELING. IPA IDENTIFIED CAMP-RESPONSIVE ELEMENT MODULATOR (CREM) AND CAMP-RESPONSIVE ELEMENT BINDING PROTEIN 1 (CREB1) AS TOP UPSTREAM REGULATORS. CONSISTENTLY, A MAPPER PROMOTER DATABASE ANALYSIS SHOWED THAT ALL TOP DYSREGULATED GENES HAD CREM AND/OR CREB1 BINDING SITES IN THEIR PROMOTER REGIONS. IN SUMMARY, OUR DATA SHOWED THAT CHRONIC TCDD EXPOSURE IN MICE CAUSED SUPPRESSED HUMORAL IMMUNITY ACCOMPANIED WITH PROFOUND DYSREGULATION OF GENE EXPRESSION IN SPLENIC B-LYMPHOCYTES, LIKELY THROUGH CAMP-DEPENDENT PATHWAYS. THIS DYSREGULATION RESULTED IN IMPAIRMENTS IN T-CELL AND B-CELL DIFFERENTIATION AND ACTIVATION OF THE TUMORIGENIC TRANSCRIPTION PROGRAM.	2016	
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    
3  5897  22 T FOLLICULAR HELPER CELL-DEPENDENT CLEARANCE OF A PERSISTENT VIRUS INFECTION REQUIRES T CELL EXPRESSION OF THE HISTONE DEMETHYLASE UTX. EPIGENETIC CHANGES, INCLUDING HISTONE METHYLATION, CONTROL T CELL DIFFERENTIATION AND MEMORY FORMATION, THOUGH THE ENZYMES THAT MEDIATE THESE PROCESSES ARE NOT CLEAR. WE SHOW THAT UTX, A HISTONE H3 LYSINE 27 (H3K27) DEMETHYLASE, SUPPORTS T FOLLICULAR HELPER (TFH) CELL RESPONSES THAT ARE ESSENTIAL FOR B CELL ANTIBODY GENERATION AND THE RESOLUTION OF CHRONIC VIRAL INFECTIONS. MICE WITH A T CELL-SPECIFIC UTX DELETION HAD FEWER TFH CELLS, REDUCED GERMINAL CENTER RESPONSES, LACKED VIRUS-SPECIFIC IMMUNOGLOBULIN G (IGG), AND WERE UNABLE TO RESOLVE CHRONIC LYMPHOCYTIC CHORIOMENINGITIS VIRUS INFECTIONS. UTX-DEFICIENT T CELLS SHOWED DECREASED EXPRESSION OF INTERLEUKIN-6 RECEPTOR-ALPHA AND OTHER TFH CELL-RELATED GENES THAT WERE ASSOCIATED WITH INCREASED H3K27 METHYLATION. ADDITIONALLY, TURNER SYNDROME SUBJECTS, WHO ARE PREDISPOSED TO CHRONIC EAR INFECTIONS, HAD REDUCED UTX EXPRESSION IN IMMUNE CELLS AND DECREASED CIRCULATING CD4(+) CXCR5(+) T CELL FREQUENCY. THUS, WE IDENTIFY A CRITICAL LINK BETWEEN UTX IN T CELLS AND IMMUNITY TO INFECTION.	2015	
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                               
4  1320  29 DEMETHYLATION REGULATION OF BDNF GENE EXPRESSION IN DORSAL ROOT GANGLION NEURONS IS IMPLICATED IN OPIOID-INDUCED PAIN HYPERSENSITIVITY IN RATS. REPEATED ADMINISTRATION OF MORPHINE MAY RESULT IN OPIOID-INDUCED HYPERSENSITIVITY (OIH), WHICH INVOLVES ALTERED EXPRESSION OF NUMEROUS GENES, INCLUDING BRAIN-DERIVED NEUROTROPHIC FACTOR (BDNF) IN DORSAL ROOT GANGLION (DRG) NEURONS. YET, IT REMAINS UNCLEAR HOW BDNF EXPRESSION IS INCREASED IN DRG NEURONS AFTER REPEATED MORPHINE TREATMENT. DNA METHYLATION IS AN IMPORTANT MECHANISM OF EPIGENETIC CONTROL OF GENE EXPRESSION. IN THE CURRENT STUDY, WE HYPOTHESIZED THAT THE DEMETHYLATION REGULATION OF CERTAIN BDNF GENE PROMOTERS IN DRG NEURONS MAY CONTRIBUTE TO THE DEVELOPMENT OF OIH. REAL-TIME RT-PCR WAS USED TO ASSESS CHANGES IN THE MRNA TRANSCRIPTION LEVELS OF MAJOR BDNF EXONS INCLUDING EXON I, II, IV, VI, AS WELL AS TOTAL BDNF MRNA IN DRGS FROM RATS AFTER REPEATED MORPHINE ADMINISTRATION. THE LEVELS OF EXON IV AND TOTAL BDNF MRNA WERE SIGNIFICANTLY UPREGULATED BY REPEATED MORPHINE ADMINISTRATION, AS COMPARED TO THAT IN SALINE CONTROL GROUP. FURTHER, ELISA ARRAY AND IMMUNOCYTOCHEMISTRY STUDY REVEALED A ROBUST UPREGULATION OF BDNF PROTEIN EXPRESSION IN DRG NEURONS AFTER REPEATED MORPHINE EXPOSURE. CORRESPONDINGLY, THE METHYLATION LEVELS OF BDNF EXON IV PROMOTER SHOWED A SIGNIFICANT DOWNREGULATION BY MORPHINE TREATMENT. IMPORTANTLY, INTRATHECAL ADMINISTRATION OF A BDNF ANTIBODY, BUT NOT CONTROL IGG, SIGNIFICANTLY INHIBITED MECHANICAL HYPERSENSITIVITY THAT DEVELOPED IN RATS AFTER REPEATED MORPHINE TREATMENT. CONVERSELY, INTRATHECAL ADMINISTRATION OF AN INHIBITOR OF DNA METHYLATION, 5-AZA-2'-DEOXYCYTIDINE (5-AZA-DC) MARKEDLY UPREGULATED THE BDNF PROTEIN EXPRESSION IN DRG NEURONS AND ENHANCED THE MECHANICAL ALLODYNIA AFTER REPEATED MORPHINE EXPOSURE. TOGETHER, OUR FINDINGS SUGGEST THAT DEMETHYLATION REGULATION OF BDNF GENE PROMOTER MAY BE IMPLICATED IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF OIH THROUGH EPIGENETIC CONTROL OF BDNF EXPRESSION IN DRG NEURONS.	2016	
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            
5  1238  21 CURCUMIN BLOCKS CHRONIC MORPHINE ANALGESIC TOLERANCE AND BRAIN-DERIVED NEUROTROPHIC FACTOR UPREGULATION. THIS STUDY WAS CARRIED OUT BASED ON THE ASSUMPTION THAT BRAIN-DERIVED NEUROTROPHIC FACTOR (BDNF) MAY COUNTERBALANCE THE ACTION OF MORPHINE IN THE BRAIN. MORPHINE ANALGESIC TOLERANCE AFTER DAILY ADMINISTRATIONS FOR SIX DAYS WAS BLOCKED BY INTRACEREBROVENTRICULAR INJECTION OF ANTI-BDNF IGG ON DAY 5, BUT NOT BY ADMINISTRATIONS ON DAYS 1-4. CHRONIC MORPHINE TREATMENT SIGNIFICANTLY INCREASED THE EXPRESSION OF EXON I AND IV BDNF TRANSCRIPTS, INDICATING DIFFERENTIAL REGULATION OF BDNF GENE EXPRESSION. DAILY ADMINISTRATION OF THE CREB-BINDING PROTEIN INHIBITOR CURCUMIN ABOLISHED THE UPREGULATION OF BDNF TRANSCRIPTION AND MORPHINE ANALGESIC TOLERANCE. THESE RESULTS SUGGEST THAT CURCUMIN MIGHT BE A PROMISING ADJUVANT TO REDUCE MORPHINE ANALGESIC TOLERANCE, AND THAT EPIGENETIC CONTROL COULD BE A NEW STRATEGY USEFUL FOR THE CONTROL OF THIS PROBLEM.	2009	
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                   
6  2364  35 EPIGENETIC REGULATION OF SPINAL CORD GENE EXPRESSION CONTROLS OPIOID-INDUCED HYPERALGESIA. BACKGROUND: THE LONG TERM USE OF OPIOIDS FOR THE TREATMENT OF PAIN LEADS TO A GROUP OF MALADAPTATIONS WHICH INCLUDES OPIOID-INDUCED HYPERALGESIA (OIH). OIH TYPICALLY RESOLVES WITHIN FEW DAYS AFTER CESSATION OF MORPHINE TREATMENT IN MICE BUT IS PROLONGED FOR WEEKS IF HISTONE DEACETYLASE (HDAC) ACTIVITY IS INHIBITED DURING OPIOID TREATMENT. THE PRESENT WORK SEEKS TO IDENTIFY GENE TARGETS SUPPORTING THE EPIGENETIC EFFECTS RESPONSIBLE FOR OIH PROLONGATION. RESULTS: MICE WERE TREATED WITH MORPHINE ACCORDING TO AN ASCENDING DOSE PROTOCOL. SOME MICE ALSO RECEIVED THE SELECTIVE HDAC INHIBITOR SUBEROYLANILIDE HYDROXAMIC ACID (SAHA) ADDITIONALLY. CHRONIC MORPHINE TREATMENT WITH SIMULTANEOUS HDAC INHIBITION ENHANCED OIH, AND SEVERAL SPINAL CORD GENES WERE UP-REGULATED. THE EXPRESSION OF BDNF (BRAIN-DERIVED NEUROTROPHIC FACTOR) AND PDYN (PRODYNORPHIN) WERE MOST CLOSELY RELATED TO THE OBSERVED BEHAVIORAL CHANGES. CHIP (CHROMATIN IMMUOPRECIPATION) ASSAYS DEMONSTRATED THAT PROMOTER REGIONS OF PDYN AND BDNF WERE STRONGLY ASSOCIATED WITH ACEH3K9 (ACETYLATED HISTONE H3 LYSINE9) AFTER MORPHINE AND SAHA TREATMENT. FURTHERMORE, MORPHINE TREATMENT CAUSED AN INCREASE IN SPINAL BDNF AND DYNORPHIN LEVELS, AND THESE LEVELS WERE FURTHER INCREASED IN SAHA TREATED MICE. THE SELECTIVE TRKB (TROPOMYOSIN-RECEPTOR-KINASE) ANTAGONIST ANA-12 REDUCED OIH WHEN GIVEN ONE OR SEVEN DAYS AFTER CESSATION OF MORPHINE. TREATMENT WITH THE SELECTIVE KAPPA OPIOID RECEPTOR ANTAGONIST NOR-BNI ALSO REDUCED ESTABLISHED OIH. THE CO-ADMINISTRATION OF EITHER RECEPTOR ANTAGONIST AGENT DAILY WITH MORPHINE RESULTED IN ATTENUATION OF HYPERALGESIA PRESENT ONE DAY AFTER CESSATION OF TREATMENT. ADDITIONALLY, REPEATED MORPHINE EXPOSURE INDUCED A RISE IN BDNF EXPRESSION THAT WAS ASSOCIATED WITH AN INCREASED NUMBER OF BDNF+ CELLS IN THE SPINAL CORD DORSAL HORN, SHOWING STRONG CO-LOCALIZATION WITH ACEH3K9 IN NEURONAL CELLS. LASTLY, SPINAL APPLICATION OF LOW DOSE BDNF OR DYNORPHIN A AFTER RESOLUTION OF OIH PRODUCED MECHANICAL HYPERSENSITIVITY, WITH NO EFFECT IN CONTROLS. CONCLUSIONS: THE PRESENT STUDY IDENTIFIED TWO GENES WHOSE EXPRESSION IS REGULATED BY EPIGENETIC MECHANISMS DURING MORPHINE EXPOSURE. TREATMENTS AIMED AT PREVENTING THE ACETYLATION OF HISTONES OR BLOCKING BDNF AND DYNORPHIN SIGNALING MAY REDUCE OIH AND IMPROVE LONG-TERM PAIN USING OPIOIDS.	2014	
                                                                                                                      
7  6519  25 TRANSCRIPTIONAL AND EPIGENETIC REGULATION OF INTERLEUKIN-2 GENE IN ACTIVATED T CELLS BY MORPHINE. CHRONIC MORPHINE INHIBITS INTERLEUKIN-2 (IL-2) AT BOTH THE TRANSCRIPTIONAL AND PROTEIN SYNTHESIS LEVELS. THE MOLECULAR MECHANISMS BY WHICH MORPHINE DECREASES IL-2 ARE NOT FULLY UNDERSTOOD. THE PRODUCTION OF IL-2 IS TIGHTLY REGULATED BY SEVERAL TRANSCRIPTION FACTORS THAT BIND TO THE IL-2 PROMOTER. HEREIN, WE SHOW THAT CHRONIC MORPHINE TREATMENT RESULTS IN AN INCREASE IN CAMP LEVELS WITH A CONCURRENT UP-REGULATION OF THE CAMP INDUCIBLE REPRESSOR INDUCIBLE CAMP EARLY REPRESSOR (ICER)/CAMP RESPONSE ELEMENT MODULATOR (CREM) AND DOWN-REGULATION OF P-CAMP-RESPONSE ELEMENT-BINDING PROTEIN (CREB) IN ACTIVATED T CELLS. FURTHERMORE, ICER COMPETES FOR P-CREB BINDING TO THE CAMP-RESPONSIVE ELEMENTS (CRES) SITE. THIS LEADS TO THE UNCOUPLING OF CBP/P300 THEREBY ABROGATING IL-2 TRANSCRIPTION. OVEREXPRESSION OF EITHER ANTISENSE CREM OR CREB PLASMID RESCUED MORPHINE-INDUCED INHIBITION OF IL-2 PROMOTER ACTIVITY AND PROTEIN PRODUCTION. IN ADDITION, WE ALSO FOUND THAT CHRONIC MORPHINE TREATMENT INHIBITED THE ACETYLATION AND TRIMETHYLATION OF HISTONES AND DECREASED BOTH DNA DEMETHYLATION AND ACCESSIBILITY OF THE IL-2 PROMOTER. THESE FINDINGS SUGGEST THAT CHRONIC MORPHINE TREATMENT MAY FUNCTION THROUGH BOTH TRANSCRIPTIONAL AND EPIGENETIC MECHANISMS TO INHIBIT IL-2 PRODUCTION.	2007	
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                 
8  3953  34 LOCUS-SPECIFIC REVERSIBLE DNA METHYLATION REGULATES TRANSIENT IL-10 EXPRESSION IN TH1 CELLS. IL-10 IS A PLEIOTROPIC CYTOKINE WITH MULTIFACETED FUNCTIONS IN ESTABLISHING IMMUNE HOMEOSTASIS. ALTHOUGH EXPRESSED BY TH1 AND TH2 CELLS, CONVENTIONAL TH1 CELLS PRODUCE MARGINAL LEVELS OF IL-10 COMPARED WITH THEIR TH2 COUNTERPARTS. IN THIS STUDY, WE INVESTIGATED THE EPIGENETIC MECHANISMS OF IL-10 GENE EXPRESSION IN TH1 CELLS. BIOINFORMATICS EMBOSS CPG PLOT ANALYSIS AND BISULFITE PYROSEQUENCING REVEALED THREE CPG DNA METHYLATION SITES IN THE IL-10 GENE LOCUS. PROGRESSIVE DNA METHYLATION AT ALL OF THE CPG REGIONS OF INTEREST (ROIS) ESTABLISHED A REPRESSIVE PROGRAM OF IL-10 GENE EXPRESSION IN TH1 CELLS. INTERESTINGLY, TH1 CELLS TREATED WITH IL-12 AND IL-27 CYTOKINES, THEREBY MIMICKING A CHRONIC INFLAMMATORY CONDITION IN VIVO, DISPLAYED A SIGNIFICANT INCREASE IN IL-10 PRODUCTION THAT WAS ACCOMPANIED BY SELECTIVE DNA DEMETHYLATION AT ROI 3 LOCATED IN INTRON 3. IL-10-PRODUCING T CELLS ISOLATED FROM LYMPHOCYTIC CHORIOMENINGITIS VIRUS-INFECTED MICE ALSO SHOWED ENHANCED DNA DEMETHYLATION AT ROI 3. BINDING OF STAT1 AND STAT3 TO DEMETHYLATED ROI 3 ENHANCED IL-10 EXPRESSION IN AN IL-12/IL-27-DEPENDENT MANNER. ACCORDINGLY, CD4(+) T CELLS ISOLATED FROM STAT1- OR STAT3-KNOCKOUT MICE WERE SIGNIFICANTLY DEFECTIVE IN IL-10 PRODUCTION. OUR DATA SUGGEST THAT, ALTHOUGH STABLY MAINTAINED DNA METHYLATION AT THE PROMOTER MAY REPRESS IL-10 EXPRESSION IN TH1 CELLS, LOCUS-SPECIFIC REVERSIBLE DNA DEMETHYLATION MAY SERVE AS A THRESHOLD PLATFORM TO CONTROL TRANSIENT IL-10 GENE EXPRESSION.	2018	
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                     
9  4057  23 MAPPING THE LINEAGE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN CXCR5(+) AND CXCR5(-) CD4(+) T CELLS IN HIV-INFECTED HUMAN LYMPH NODES. CXCR5 IS A KEY MARKER OF FOLLICULAR HELPER T (T(FH)) CELLS. USING PRIMARY LYMPH NODES (LNS) FROM HIV-INFECTED PATIENTS, WE IDENTIFIED A POPULATION OF CXCR5(-) CD4(+) T CELLS WITH T(FH)-CELL-LIKE FEATURES. THIS CXCR5(-) SUBSET BECOMES EXPANDED IN SEVERE HIV INFECTION AND IS CHARACTERIZED BY THE UPREGULATION OF ACTIVATION MARKERS AND HIGH PD-1 AND ICOS SURFACE EXPRESSION. INTEGRATED ANALYSES ON THE PHENOTYPIC HETEROGENEITY, FUNCTIONAL CAPACITY, T CELL RECEPTOR (TCR) REPERTOIRE, TRANSCRIPTIONAL PROFILE, AND EPIGENETIC STATE OF CXCR5(-)PD-1(+)ICOS(+) T CELLS REVEALED A SHARED CLONAL RELATIONSHIP WITH T(FH) CELLS. CXCR5(-)PD-1(+)ICOS(+) T CELLS RETAINED A POISED STATE FOR CXCR5 EXPRESSION AND EXHIBITED A MIGRATORY TRANSCRIPTIONAL PROGRAM. TCR SEQUENCE OVERLAP REVEALED A CONTRIBUTION OF LN-DERIVED CXCR5(-)PD-1(+)ICOS(+) T CELLS TO CIRCULATING CXCR5(-) CD4(+) T CELLS WITH B CELL HELP FUNCTION. THESE DATA LINK LN PATHOLOGY TO CIRCULATING T CELLS AND EXPAND THE CURRENT UNDERSTANDING ON THE DIVERSITY OF T CELLS THAT REGULATE B CELL RESPONSES DURING CHRONIC INFLAMMATION.	2019	
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       
10  2787  41 EZH2-MEDIATED EPIGENETIC MODIFICATION IS REQUIRED FOR ALLOGENEIC T CELL-INDUCED LUPUS DISEASE. BACKGROUND: THE MECHANISMS INVOLVED IN THE PATHOGENESIS OF AUTOIMMUNE DISORDERS, INCLUDING SYSTEMIC LUPUS ERYTHEMATOSUS (SLE), HAVE NOT BEEN FULLY ELUCIDATED. SOME OF THESE MECHANISMS INVOLVE EPIGENETIC REGULATION OF GENE EXPRESSION. THE HISTONE METHYLTRANSFERASE EZH2 CONTRIBUTES TO EPIGENETIC REGULATION OF GENE EXPRESSION, IS HIGHLY EXPRESSED IN GERMINAL CENTER (GC) B CELLS AND FOLLICULAR T HELPER (T(FH)) CELLS, AND MAY BE INVOLVED IN LUPUS PATHOGENESIS. METHODS: THE MURINE BM12 MODEL OF LUPUS-LIKE CHRONIC GRAFT VERSUS HOST DISEASE (CGVHD) WAS INDUCED BY INTRA-PERITONEAL INJECTION OF NEGATIVELY ISOLATED ALLOGENEIC CD4(+) T CELLS. LUPUS-LIKE DISEASE DEVELOPMENT WAS MONITORED BY ELISA DETERMINATION OF SERUM ANTI-DSDNA AND ANTI-CHROMATIN ANTIBODY TITERS. IMMUNE CELL ACTIVATION AND EZH2 EXPRESSION WERE EVALUATED BY FLOW CYTOMETRY AND WESTERN BLOTTING. RESULTS: DECREASED AUTOANTIBODY PRODUCTION AND GC FORMATION ARE OBSERVED WHEN EZH2-DEFICIENT CD4(+) T CELLS ARE USED INSTEAD OF WILD-TYPE (WT) TO INDUCE CGVHD AND WHEN MICE THAT RECEIVE ALLOGENEIC WT DONOR T CELLS TO INDUCE CGVHD ARE TREATED WITH GSK503, AN EZH2-SPECIFIC INHIBITOR. IN THE BM12 CGVHD MODEL, WT DONOR T CELLS ARE NORMALLY FULLY ACTIVATED 1 WEEK AFTER INFUSION INTO AN ALLOGENEIC HOST, EXHIBIT A T(FH) CELL (PD-1(HI)/CXCR5(HI)) PHENOTYPE WITH UPREGULATED EZH2, AND ACTIVATE B CELLS TO FORM GERMINAL CENTERS (GCS). IN CONTRAST, EZH2-DEFICIENT DONOR T CELLS GENERATE FEWER T(FH) CELLS THAT FAIL TO ACTIVATE B CELLS OR PROMOTE GC FORMATION. DESPITE SIMILAR T-INDEPENDENT, LPS-INDUCED B CELL RESPONSES, OVA-IMMUNIZED CD4.EZH2-KO MICE HAD A SKEWED LOW-AFFINITY IGM PHENOTYPE IN COMPARISON TO SIMILARLY TREATED WT MICE. IN ADDITION, EARLY AFTER OVA IMMUNIZATION, MORE CD4(+) T CELLS FROM B6.CD4.EZH2-KO MICE HAD A CD44(LO)/CD62L(LO) PHENOTYPE, WHICH SUGGESTS ARRESTED OR DELAYED ACTIVATION, THAN CD4(+) T CELLS FROM OVALBUMIN-IMMUNIZED B6.WT MICE. CONCLUSION: EZH2 GENE DELETION OR PHARMACOLOGICAL EZH2 INHIBITION SUPPRESSES AUTOANTIBODY PRODUCTION AND GC FORMATION IN BM12 LUPUS-LIKE CGVHD AND DECREASES AFFINITY MATURATION AND ISOTYPE SWITCHING IN RESPONSE TO IMMUNIZATION WITH A T CELL-DEPENDENT ANTIGEN. EZH2 INHIBITION MAY BE USEFUL FOR THE TREATMENT OF LUPUS AND OTHER AUTOIMMUNE DISORDERS.	2020	
                                                                                                                                                                                  
11  5976  18 TET1-DEPENDENT EPIGENETIC MODIFICATION OF BDNF EXPRESSION IN DORSAL HORN NEURONS MEDIATES NEUROPATHIC PAIN IN RATS. TEN-ELEVEN TRANSLOCATION METHYLCYTOSINE DIOXYGENASE 1 (TET1) MEDIATES THE CONVERSION OF 5-METHYLCYTOSINE (5 MC) TO 5-HYDROXYMETHYLCYTOSINE (5 HMC), HENCE PROMOTING DNA DEMETHYLATION. ALTHOUGH RECENT STUDIES HAVE LINKED THE DNA DEMETHYLATION OF SPECIFIC GENES TO PAIN HYPERSENSITIVITY, THE ROLE OF SPINAL TET1-DEPENDENT DNA DEMETHYLATION IN NOCICEPTION HYPERSENSITIVITY DEVELOPMENT REMAINS ELUSIVE. HERE, WE REPORT CORRELATED WITH BEHAVIORAL ALLODYNIA, SPINAL NERVE LIGATION (SNL) UPREGULATED TET1 EXPRESSION IN DORSAL HORN NEURONS THAT HYDROXYLATE 5 MC TO 5 HMC AT CPG DINUCLEOTIDES IN THE BDNF PROMOTER TO PROMOTE SPINAL BDNF EXPRESSION AT DAY 7 AFTER OPERATION. FOCAL KNOCKDOWN OF SPINAL TET1 EXPRESSION DECREASED TET1 BINDING AND 5 HMC ENRICHMENT, FURTHER INCREASED 5 MC ENRICHMENT AT CPG SITES IN THE BDNF PROMOTER AND DECREASED SPINAL BDNF EXPRESSION ACCOMPANIED BY THE ALLEVIATION OF THE DEVELOPED ALLODYNIA. MOREOVER, AT DAY 7 AFTER OPERATION, SNL-ENHANCED TET1 EXPRESSION ALSO INHIBITED THE BINDING OF DNA METHYLTRANSFERASES (DNMTS, I.E., DNMT1, DNMT3A, AND DNMT3B) TO THE BDNF PROMOTER, A REQUIREMENT FOR TRANSCRIPTIONAL SILENCING BY CATALYSING 5-CYTOSINE (5C) TO 5 MC. TOGETHER, THESE DATA SUGGEST AT CPG SITES OF THE BDNF PROMOTER, SNL-ENHANCED TET1 EXPRESSION PROMOTES DNA DEMETHYLATION BOTH BY CONVERTING 5 MC TO 5 HMC AND INHIBITING DNMT BINDING TO REGULATE SPINAL BDNF EXPRESSION, HENCE CONTRIBUTING TO BEHAVIORAL ALLODYNIA DEVELOPMENT.	2016	
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            
12  4616  25 NERVE INJURY INCREASES BRAIN-DERIVED NEUROTROPHIC FACTOR LEVELS TO SUPPRESS BK CHANNEL ACTIVITY IN PRIMARY SENSORY NEURONS. ABNORMAL HYPEREXCITABILITY OF PRIMARY SENSORY NEURONS CONTRIBUTES TO NEUROPATHIC PAIN DEVELOPMENT AFTER NERVE INJURY. NERVE INJURY PROFOUNDLY REDUCES THE EXPRESSION OF BIG CONDUCTANCE CA(2+) -ACTIVATED K(+) (BK) CHANNELS IN THE DORSAL ROOT GANGLION (DRG). HOWEVER, LITTLE IS KNOWN ABOUT HOW NERVE INJURY AFFECTS BK CHANNEL ACTIVITY IN DRG NEURONS. IN THIS STUDY, WE DETERMINED THE CHANGES IN BK CHANNEL ACTIVITY IN DRG NEURONS IN A RAT MODEL OF NEUROPATHIC PAIN AND THE CONTRIBUTION OF BRAIN-DERIVED NEUROTROPHIC FACTOR (BDNF) TO REDUCED BK CHANNEL ACTIVITY. THE BK CHANNEL ACTIVITY WAS PRESENT PREDOMINANTLY IN SMALL AND MEDIUM DRG NEURONS, AND LIGATION OF L5 AND L6 SPINAL NERVES PROFOUNDLY DECREASED THE BK CURRENT DENSITY IN THESE NEURONS. BLOCKING BK CHANNELS SIGNIFICANTLY INCREASED NEURONAL EXCITABILITY IN SHAM CONTROL, BUT NOT IN NERVE-INJURED, RATS. THE BDNF CONCENTRATION IN THE DRG WAS SIGNIFICANTLY GREATER IN NERVE-INJURED RATS THAN IN CONTROL RATS. BDNF TREATMENT LARGELY REDUCED BK CURRENTS IN DRG NEURONS IN CONTROL RATS, WHICH WAS BLOCKED BY EITHER ANTI-BDNF ANTIBODY OR K252A, A TRK RECEPTOR INHIBITOR. FURTHERMORE, EITHER ANTI-BDNF ANTIBODY OR K252A REVERSED REDUCTION IN BK CURRENTS IN INJURED DRG NEURONS. BDNF TREATMENT REDUCED THE MRNA LEVELS OF BKALPHA1 SUBUNIT IN DRG NEURONS, AND ANTI-BDNF ANTIBODY ATTENUATED THE REDUCTION IN THE BKALPHA1 MRNA LEVEL IN INJURED DRG NEURONS. THESE FINDINGS SUGGEST THAT NERVE INJURY PRIMARILY DIMINISHES THE BK CHANNEL ACTIVITY IN SMALL AND MEDIUM DRG NEURONS. INCREASED BDNF LEVELS CONTRIBUTE TO REDUCED BK CHANNEL ACTIVITY IN DRG NEURONS THROUGH EPIGENETIC AND TRANSCRIPTIONAL MECHANISMS IN NEUROPATHIC PAIN.	2012	
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                         
13  2300  27 EPIGENETIC REGULATION OF BDNF EXPRESSION IN THE PRIMARY SENSORY NEURONS AFTER PERIPHERAL NERVE INJURY: IMPLICATIONS IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF NEUROPATHIC PAIN. BRAIN-DERIVED NEUROTROPHIC FACTOR (BDNF) IS KNOWN TO BE UP-REGULATED IN THE DORSAL ROOT GANGLION (DRG) AFTER PERIPHERAL NERVE INJURY, AND TO CONTRIBUTE TO NEUROPATHIC PAIN. HERE, WE FOUND THAT THERMAL HYPERALGESIA AND MECHANICAL ALLODYNIA AT DAY 7 POST-INJURY WERE INHIBITED ONLY WHEN ANTI-BDNF ANTIBODY WAS INTRATHECALLY ADMINISTRATED AT DAY 2 POST-INJURY. CONSISTENT WITH BEHAVIORAL RESULTS, WESTERN BLOT ANALYSIS SHOWED THAT THE EXPRESSION LEVELS OF BDNF PROTEIN IN THE SPINAL DORSAL HORN WERE MARKEDLY INDUCED DURING EARLY STAGE POST-INJURY. MOREOVER, THE MAXIMAL INCREASE IN BDNF MRNA EXPRESSION IN THE DRG WAS OBSERVED AT DAY 1 POST-INJURY, AND SIGNIFICANTLY ELEVATED LEVELS WERE SUSTAINED FOR AT LEAST 14 DAYS. FOUR OF FIVE BDNF MRNA TRANSCRIPTS WERE UP-REGULATED AFTER NERVE INJURY, AND THE MOST INDUCIBLE TRANSCRIPT WAS EXON I. USING A CHROMATIN IMMUNOPRECIPITATION (CHIP) ASSAY, WE FOUND THAT NERVE INJURY PROMOTES HISTONE H3 AND H4 ACETYLATION, TRANSCRIPTIONALLY ACTIVE MODIFICATIONS, AT BDNF PROMOTER I AT DAY 1 POST-INJURY, AND THE LEVELS OF HISTONE ACETYLATION REMAIN ELEVATED FOR AT LEAST 7 DAYS. TAKEN TOGETHER, OUR FINDINGS SUGGEST THAT AN INITIAL INCREASE IN BDNF EXON I EXPRESSION CONTROLLED BY EPIGENETIC MECHANISMS MIGHT HAVE A CRUCIAL ROLE IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF NEUROPATHIC PAIN.	2013	
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          
14  5480  30 RESVERATROL REVERSES MORPHINE-INDUCED NEUROINFLAMMATION IN MORPHINE-TOLERANT RATS BY REVERSAL HDAC1 EXPRESSION. BACKGROUND/PURPOSE: WE PREVIOUSLY SHOWED THAT SUBSEQUENT INTRATHECAL (I.T.) INJECTION OF RESVERATROL (30 MUG) SIGNIFICANTLY REVERSES MORPHINE-EVOKED NEUROINFLAMMATION IN MORPHINE-TOLERANT RATS. THE PRESENT STUDY EXAMINED THE UNDERLYING MECHANISM. METHODS: MALE WISTAR RATS WERE IMPLANTED WITH TWO I.T. CATHETERS, ONE OF WHICH WAS CONNECTED TO A MINIOSMOTIC PUMP AND USED FOR MORPHINE (15 MUG/H) OR SALINE INFUSION FOR 120 HOURS. TO EXAMINE THE EFFECTS ON SPINAL CORD EXPRESSION OF HISTONE DEACETYLASE 1 (HDAC1), THE INFLAMMATORY CYTOKINE TUMOR NECROSIS FACTOR-ALPHA (TNF-ALPHA), AND TNF RECEPTOR (TNFR) 1 AND TNFR2 DURING TOLERANCE INDUCTION, A TAIL-FLICK TEST WAS PERFORMED PRIOR TO INFUSION AND AFTER 24 HOURS, 48 HOURS, 72 HOURS, 96 HOURS, AND 120 HOURS OF INFUSION. RESULTS: RESVERATROL TREATMENT PRIOR TO MORPHINE CHALLENGE RESTORED THE ANTINOCICEPTIVE EFFECT OF MORPHINE IN MORPHINE-TOLERANT RATS AND REVERSED THE MORPHINE INFUSION-INDUCED INCREASE IN HDAC1, TNF-ALPHA, AND TNFR1 EXPRESSION. MOREOVER, CHRONIC MORPHINE INFUSION INCREASED TNFR1-SPECIFIC EXPRESSION IN NEURON IN MORPHINE-TOLERANT RAT SPINAL CORDS, AND THIS EFFECT WAS ALMOST COMPLETELY INHIBITED BY RESVERATROL TREATMENT PRIOR TO MORPHINE CHALLENGE. CONCLUSION: RESVERATROL RESTORES THE ANTINOCICEPTIVE EFFECT OF MORPHINE BY REVERSING MORPHINE INFUSION-INDUCED SPINAL CORD NEUROINFLAMMATION AND INCREASE IN TNFR1 EXPRESSION. THE REVERSAL OF THE MORPHINE-INDUCED INCREASE IN TNFR1 EXPRESSION BY RESVERATROL IS PARTIALLY DUE TO REVERSAL OF THE MORPHINE INFUSION-INDUCED INCREASE IN HDAC1 EXPRESSION. RESVERATROL PRETREATMENT CAN BE USED AS AN ADJUVANT IN CLINICAL PAIN MANAGEMENT FOR PATIENTS WHO NEED LONG-TERM MORPHINE TREATMENT OR WITH NEUROPATHIC PAIN.	2016	
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              
15  6612  28 ULTRA-LOW-DOSE NALOXONE ENHANCES THE ANTINOCICEPTIVE EFFECT OF MORPHINE IN PTX-TREATED RATS: REGULATION ON GLOBAL HISTONE METHYLATION. OBJECTIVE: EPIGENETIC REPROGRAMMING MAY HAVE A POSSIBLE ROLE IN NEUROPATHIC PAIN DEVELOPMENT; THE PRESENT STUDY EXAMINED THE GLOBAL PATTERNS OF LYSINE HISTONE MODIFICATION. IN THIS SERIAL STUDY WE ANALYZED THE LEVELS OF HISTONE 3 LYSINE 4 MONOMETHYLATION, HISTONE 3 LYSINE 4 DIMETHYLATION, AND HISTONE 3 LYSINE 9 TRIMETHYLATION IN PERTUSSIS TOXIN (PTX)-INDUCED THERMAL HYPERALGESIC RAT SPINAL CORDS. METHODS: MALE WISTAR RATS IMPLANTED WITH AN INTRATHECAL CATHETER RECEIVED A SINGLE INTRATHECAL PTX (1 MUG IN 5 MUL SALINE) INJECTION. FOUR DAYS LATER, THEY WERE RANDOMLY ASSIGNED TO RECEIVE EITHER A SINGLE INJECTION OF SALINE, OR ULTRA-LOW-DOSE NALOXONE (15 NG IN 5 MUL SALINE), FOLLOWED BY MORPHINE (10 MUG IN 5 MUL SALINE) INJECTION 30 MINUTES LATER. RESULTS: THE RESULTS SHOWED THAT PTX INJECTION INDUCED THERMAL HYPERALGESIA AND SIGNIFICANT INCREASE OF GLOBAL HISTONE METHYLATION IN THE SPINAL CORDS. INTRATHECAL MORPHINE ALONE DID NOT AFFECT THE THERMAL HYPERALGESIA AND GLOBAL HISTONE METHYLATION. IN CONTRAST, INTRATHECAL ADMINISTRATION OF ULTRA-LOW-DOSE NALOXONE PLUS MORPHINE SIGNIFICANTLY ATTENUATED THE PTX-INDUCED THERMAL HYPERALGESIA AND DOWN-REGULATED THE GLOBAL HISTONE METHYLATION. CONCLUSION: THE RESULTS SUGGEST THAT ULTRA-LOW-DOSE NALOXONE MIGHT BE CLINICAL VALUABLE FOR NEUROPATHIC PAIN MANAGEMENT VIA REGULATING GLOBAL HISTONE MODIFICATION.	2012	
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                   
16  2363  28 EPIGENETIC REGULATION OF SPINAL CORD GENE EXPRESSION CONTRIBUTES TO ENHANCED POSTOPERATIVE PAIN AND ANALGESIC TOLERANCE SUBSEQUENT TO CONTINUOUS OPIOID EXPOSURE. BACKGROUND: OPIOIDS HAVE BECOME THE MAINSTAY FOR TREATMENT OF MODERATE TO SEVERE PAIN AND ARE COMMONLY USED TO TREAT SURGICAL PAIN. WHILE OPIOID ADMINISTRATION HAS BEEN SHOWN TO CAUSE OPIOID-INDUCED HYPERALGESIA AND TOLERANCE, INTERACTIONS BETWEEN OPIOID ADMINISTRATION AND SURGERY WITH RESPECT TO THESE PROBLEMATIC ADAPTATIONS HAVE SCARCELY BEEN ADDRESSED. ACCUMULATING EVIDENCE SUGGESTS OPIOIDS AND NOCICEPTIVE SIGNALING MAY CONVERGE ON EPIGENETIC MECHANISMS IN SPINAL CORD TO ENHANCE OR PROLONG NEUROPLASTIC CHANGES. EPIGENETIC REGULATION OF BDNF (BRAIN-DERIVED NEUROTROPHIC FACTOR) AND PDYN (PRODYNORPHIN) GENES MAY BE INVOLVED. RESULTS: FOUR DAYS OF ASCENDING DOSES OF MORPHINE TREATMENT CAUSED OPIOID-INDUCED HYPERALGESIA AND REDUCED OPIOID ANALGESIC EFFICACY IN MICE. BOTH OPIOID-INDUCED HYPERALGESIA AND THE REDUCED OPIOID ANALGESIC EFFICACY WERE ENHANCED IN MICE THAT RECEIVED HINDPAW INCISIONS. THE EXPRESSION OF BDNF AND PDYN (QPCR) WAS INCREASED AFTER MORPHINE TREATMENT AND INCISION. CHROMATIN IMMUNOPRECIPITATION ASSAYS DEMONSTRATED THAT THE PDYN AND BDNF PROMOTERS WERE MORE STRONGLY ASSOCIATED WITH ACETYLATED H3K9 AFTER MORPHINE PLUS INCISION THAN IN THE MORPHINE OR INCISION ALONE GROUPS. SELECTIVE TROPOMYOSIN-RELATED KINASE B (ANA-12) AND KAPPA-OPIOID RECEPTOR (NOR-BINALTORPHIMINE) ANTAGONISTS WERE ADMINISTERED INTRATHECALLY, BOTH REDUCED HYPERALGESIA ONE OR THREE DAYS AFTER SURGERY. ADMINISTRATION OF ANA-12 OR NOR-BINALTORPHIMINE ATTENUATED THE DECREASED MORPHINE ANALGESIC EFFICACY ON DAY 1, BUT ONLY NOR-BINALTORPHIMINE WAS EFFECTIVE ON DAY 3 AFTER INCISION IN OPIOID-EXPOSED GROUP. COADMINISTRATION OF HISTONE ACETYLTRANSFERASE INHIBITOR ANACARDIC ACID DAILY WITH MORPHINE BLOCKED THE DEVELOPMENT OF OPIOID-INDUCED HYPERALGESIA AND ATTENUATED INCISION-ENHANCED HYPERALGESIA IN MORPHINE-TREATED MICE. ANACARDIC ACID HAD SIMILAR EFFECTS ON ANALGESIC TOLERANCE, SHOWING THE INVOLVEMENT OF HISTONE ACETYLATION IN THE INTERACTIONS DETECTED. CONCLUSIONS: SPINAL EPIGENETIC CHANGES INVOLVING BDNF AND PDYN MAY CONTRIBUTE TO THE ENHANCED POSTOPERATIVE NOCICEPTIVE SENSITIZATION AND ANALGESIC TOLERANCE OBSERVED AFTER CONTINUOUS OPIOID EXPOSURE. TREATMENTS BLOCKING THE EPIGENETICALLY MEDIATED UP-REGULATION OF THESE GENES OR ADMINISTRATION OF TRKB OR KAPPA-OPIOID RECEPTOR ANTAGONISTS MAY IMPROVE THE CLINICAL UTILITY OF OPIOIDS, PARTICULARLY AFTER SURGERY.	2016	

17  2477  21 EPIGENETIC UPREGULATION OF CDK5 IN THE DORSAL HORN CONTRIBUTES TO NEUROPATHIC PAIN IN RATS. NUMEROUS REPORTS HAVE SHOWN THAT CYCLIN-DEPENDENT KINASE 5 (CDK5), A PROLINE-DIRECTED SERINE/THREONINE KINASE, CRITICALLY CONTRIBUTES TO THE INDUCTION AND MAINTENANCE OF CHRONIC PAIN INDUCED BY PERIPHERAL INFLAMMATION AND NERVE INJURY. RECENT EVIDENCE HAS ALSO SUGGESTED THE CRITICAL ROLE OF AN EPIGENETIC MECHANISM IN THE SETTING OF CHRONIC PAIN. THE PRESENT STUDY AIMS TO ELUCIDATE THE CYCLIC AMP RESPONSE ELEMENT-BINDING PROTEIN (CREB)-MEDIATED UPREGULATION OF CDK5 AND ITS FUNCTIONAL SIGNIFICANCE IN RATS WITH NEUROPATHIC PAIN INDUCED BY CHRONIC CONSTRICTION INJURY (CCI) IN THE SCIATIC NERVE. SIGNIFICANTLY INCREASED EXPRESSION OF CDK5 WAS OBSERVED IN THE DORSAL HORN OF RATS WITH CCI, AND INTRATHECAL DELIVERY OF CDK5 INHIBITOR ROSCOVITINE SIGNIFICANTLY ATTENUATED THE MECHANICAL ALLODYNIA IN THESE RATS. PHOSPHORYLATION OF CREB AND ITS OCCUPANCY IN THE CDK5 PROMOTER REGION WAS ALSO INCREASED IN THE DORSAL HORN, WHICH LED TO INCREASED HISTONE H4 ACETYLATION IN THE CDK5 PROMOTER REGION AND THE UPREGULATED TRANSCRIPTION OF CDK5. INHIBITION OF CREB ACTIVITY ATTENUATED THE UPREGULATION OF CDK5 AND ALLEVIATED THE MECHANICAL ALLODYNIA IN RATS WITH CCI. THESE RESULTS DEMONSTRATED A CREB-MEDIATED EPIGENETIC UPREGULATION OF CDK5 IN THE DORSAL HORN, WHICH CRITICALLY CONTRIBUTED TO THE MAINTENANCE OF PAINFUL BEHAVIOR IN THE RATS WITH NEUROPATHIC PAIN.	2014	
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                   
18   912  28 CHRONIC EXPOSURE TO WATER POLLUTANT TRICHLOROETHYLENE INCREASED EPIGENETIC DRIFT IN CD4(+) T CELLS. AIM: AUTOIMMUNE DISEASE AND CD4(+) T-CELL ALTERATIONS ARE INDUCED IN MICE EXPOSED TO THE WATER POLLUTANT TRICHLOROETHYLENE (TCE). WE EXAMINED HERE WHETHER TCE ALTERED GENE-SPECIFIC DNA METHYLATION IN CD4(+) T CELLS AS A POSSIBLE MECHANISM OF IMMUNOTOXICITY. MATERIALS & METHODS: NAIVE AND EFFECTOR/MEMORY CD4(+) T CELLS FROM MICE EXPOSED TO TCE (0.5 MG/ML IN DRINKING WATER) FOR 40 WEEKS WERE EXAMINED BY BISULFITE NEXT-GENERATION DNA SEQUENCING. RESULTS: A PROBABILISTIC MODEL CALCULATED FROM MULTIPLE GENES SHOWED THAT TCE DECREASED METHYLATION CONTROL IN CD4(+) T CELLS. DATA FROM INDIVIDUAL GENES FITTED TO A QUADRATIC REGRESSION MODEL SHOWED THAT TCE INCREASED GENE-SPECIFIC METHYLATION VARIANCE IN BOTH CD4 SUBSETS. CONCLUSION: TCE INCREASED EPIGENETIC DRIFT OF SPECIFIC CPG SITES IN CD4(+) T CELLS.	2016	
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  
19  1630  27 DNMT3A CONTRIBUTES TO THE DEVELOPMENT AND MAINTENANCE OF BONE CANCER PAIN BY SILENCING KV1.2 EXPRESSION IN SPINAL CORD DORSAL HORN. METASTATIC BONE TUMOR-INDUCED CHANGES IN GENE TRANSCRIPTION AND TRANSLATION IN PAIN-RELATED REGIONS OF THE NERVOUS SYSTEM MAY PARTICIPATE IN THE DEVELOPMENT AND MAINTENANCE OF BONE CANCER PAIN. EPIGENETIC MODIFICATIONS INCLUDING DNA METHYLATION REGULATE GENE TRANSCRIPTION. HERE, WE REPORT THAT INTRATHECAL INJECTION OF DECITABINE, A DNA METHYLTRANSFERASE (DNMT) INHIBITOR, DOSE DEPENDENTLY ATTENUATED THE DEVELOPMENT AND MAINTENANCE OF BONE CANCER PAIN INDUCED BY INJECTING PROSTATE CANCER CELLS INTO THE TIBIA. THE LEVEL OF THE DE NOVO DNMT3A, BUT NOT DNMT3B, TIME DEPENDENTLY INCREASED IN THE IPSILATERAL L4/5 DORSAL HORN (NOT L4/5 DORSAL ROOT GANGLION) AFTER PROSTATE CANCER CELLS INJECTION. BLOCKING THIS INCREASE THROUGH MICROINJECTION OF RECOMBINANT ADENO-ASSOCIATED VIRUS 5 (AAV5) EXPRESSING DNMT3A SHRNA INTO DORSAL HORN RESCUED PROSTATE CANCER CELLS-INDUCED DOWNREGULATION OF DORSAL HORN KV1.2 EXPRESSION AND IMPAIRED PROSTATE CANCER CELLS-INDUCED PAIN HYPERSENSITIVITY. IN TURN, MIMICKING THIS INCREASE THROUGH MICROINJECTION OF AAV5 EXPRESSING FULL-LENGTH DNMT3A INTO DORSAL HORN REDUCED DORSAL HORN KV1.2 EXPRESSION AND PRODUCED PAIN HYPERSENSITIVITY IN THE ABSENCE OF PROSTATE CANCER CELLS INJECTION. ADMINISTRATION OF NEITHER DECITABINE NOR VIRUS AFFECTED LOCOMOTOR FUNCTION AND ACUTE RESPONSES TO MECHANICAL, THERMAL, OR COLD STIMULI. GIVEN THAT DNMT3A MRNA IS CO-EXPRESSED WITH KCNA2 MRNA (ENCODING KV1.2) IN INDIVIDUAL DORSAL HORN NEURONS, OUR FINDINGS SUGGEST THAT INCREASED DORSAL HORN DNMT3A CONTRIBUTES TO BONE CANCER PAIN THROUGH SILENCING DORSAL HORN KV1.2 EXPRESSION. DNMT3A MAY REPRESENT A POTENTIAL NEW TARGET FOR CANCER PAIN MANAGEMENT.	2017	
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       
20  4511  25 MU OPIOID RECEPTOR-TRIGGERED NOTCH-1 ACTIVATION CONTRIBUTES TO MORPHINE TOLERANCE: ROLE OF NEURON-GLIA COMMUNICATION. THE DEVELOPMENT OF ANALGESIC TOLERANCE TO OPIOIDS IS AN IMPORTANT LIMITATION IN THE MANAGEMENT OF CHRONIC PAIN. SPINAL CORD GLIAL CELL ACTIVATION APPEARS TO PLAY A PIVOTAL ROLE IN THE DEVELOPMENT AND MAINTENANCE OF OPIOID TOLERANCE, INDICATING THE PRESENCE OF AN OPIOID-INDUCED NEURONAL-GLIAL INTERACTION; HOWEVER, HOW OPIOIDS DRIVE THIS CROSS-TALK IS STILL ELUSIVE. IN SEARCH OF TREATMENTS TO ATTENUATE MORPHINE ANALGESIC TOLERANCE, OUR RESEARCH FOCUSED ON THE ROLE OF NOTCH SIGNALING PATHWAY, ONE OF THE MOST IMPORTANT MECHANISMS OF CELL-TO-CELL INTERACTIONS, IN THE SPINAL DORSAL HORN AFTER MORPHINE REPEATED EXPOSURE AND WHETHER NOTCH INHIBITION ATTENUATES MORPHINE ANALGESIC TOLERANCE. DOUBLE IMMUNOFLUORESCENCE EXPERIMENTS ON SPINAL SECTIONS FROM MORPHINE-TOLERANT MICE SHOWED A NEURONAL LOCALIZATION OF NOTCH-1 RECEPTOR WHEREAS THE NOTCH LIGAND JAGGED WAS LOCALIZED ON NEIGHBORING ASTROCYTES. MORPHINE-INDUCED MU OPIOID RECEPTOR (MOR) STIMULATION TRIGGERED NOTCH-1 SIGNALING ACTIVATION AND THIS EVENT WAS MEDIATED BY ASTROCYTE JNK ACTIVATION. NOTCH-1 ACTIVATION SELECTIVELY REDUCED THE EXPRESSION OF HISTONE DEACETYLASE (HDAC)-1, RESULTING IN AN OVERPHOSPHORYLATION OF PKC AND ERK, KINASES INVOLVED IN MOR PHOSPHORYLATION AND INTERNALIZATION AFTER REPEATED MORPHINE EXPOSURE. NOTCH-1 SIGNALING INHIBITION, THROUGH INTRATHECAL ADMINISTRATION OF THE GAMMA-SECRETASE INHIBITOR, DAPT, COUNTERACTED PKC AND ERK OVERPHOSPHORYLATION, MOR INTERNALIZATION, AND ANALGESIC TOLERANCE. CONVERSELY, THE HDAC-1 INHIBITOR, LG325, FURTHER AGGRAVATED MOR INTERNALIZATION, PKC OVERPHOSPHORYLATION, AND ANALGESIC TOLERANCE.OUR FINDINGS IMPLICATE THE MOR-TRIGGERED NOTCH-1 SIGNALING IN PROMOTING MOR INTERNALIZATION AND MORPHINE ANALGESIC TOLERANCE BY EPIGENETIC REGULATION MECHANISMS. THESE DATA SUGGEST THAT NOTCH-1 INHIBITORS COULD REPRESENT AN INNOVATIVE THERAPEUTIC PERSPECTIVE FOR THE MANAGEMENT OF OPIOID TOLERANCE IN CHRONIC PAIN THERAPY.	2020