1   746 116 CANNABIS TERATOLOGY EXPLAINS CURRENT PATTERNS OF COLORADAN CONGENITAL DEFECTS: THE CONTRIBUTION OF INCREASED CANNABINOID EXPOSURE TO RISING TERATOLOGICAL TRENDS. RISING DELTA9-TETRAHYDROCANNABINOL CONCENTRATIONS IN MODERN CANNABIS INVITES INVESTIGATION OF THE TERATOLOGICAL IMPLICATIONS OF PRENATAL CANNABIS EXPOSURE. DATA FROM COLORADO RESPONDS TO CHILDREN WITH SPECIAL NEEDS (CRCSN), NATIONAL SURVEY OF DRUG USE AND HEALTH, AND DRUG ENFORCEMENT AGENCY WAS ANALYZED. SEVEN, 40, AND 2 DEFECTS WERE RISING, FLAT, AND FALLING, RESPECTIVELY, AND 10/12 SUMMARY INDICES ROSE. ATRIAL SEPTAL DEFECT, SPINA BIFIDA, MICROCEPHALUS, DOWN'S SYNDROME, VENTRICULAR SEPTAL DEFECT, AND PATENT DUCTUS ARTERIOSUS ROSE, AND ALONG WITH CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM, CARDIOVASCULAR, GENITOURINARY, RESPIRATORY, CHROMOSOMAL, AND MUSCULOSKELETAL DEFECTS ROSE 5 TO 37 TIMES FASTER THAN THE BIRTH RATE (3.3%) TO GENERATE AN EXCESS OF 11 753 (22%) MAJOR ANOMALIES. CANNABIS WAS THE ONLY DRUG WHOSE USE GREW FROM 2000 TO 2014 WHILE PAIN RELIEVERS, COCAINE, ALCOHOL, AND TOBACCO DID NOT. THE CORRELATION OF CANNABIS USE WITH MAJOR DEFECTS IN 2014 (2019 DATASET) WAS R = .77, P = .0011. MULTIPLE CANNABINOIDS WERE LINKED WITH SUMMARY MEASURES OF CONGENITAL ANOMALIES AND WERE ROBUST TO MULTIVARIATE ADJUSTMENT.	2019	
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        
2  6744  14 WHO CARES ABOUT OLIGOZOOSPERMIA WHEN WE HAVE ICSI. THE VALUE OF ASSESSING SUBFERTILE MALES WITH OLIGOZOOSPERMIA IS CONTROVERSIAL DUE TO PREVAILING NOTIONS THAT THERAPIES ARE LIMITED AND ICSI MAY PROVIDE THE COUPLE WITH A BABY WITHOUT THE NEED TO EXPLAIN THE NATURE OR CAUSE OF UNDERLYING MALE INFERTILITY. THIS ARTICLE HIGHLIGHTS THAT INDISCRIMINATELY OFFERING ICSI TO OLIGOZOOSPERMIC MEN IS NOT FREE OF POTENTIAL ADVERSE EFFECTS AND DOES NOT GRANT SUBFERTILE MEN THE BEST FERTILITY PATHWAY. RECENT DATA SUPPORT ASSOCIATIONS BETWEEN OLIGOZOOSPERMIA AND POOR MALE REPRODUCTIVE HEALTH, DNA AND EPIGENETIC DAMAGE IN SPERMATOZOA, AND POSSIBLE ADVERSE HEALTH CONSEQUENCES TO OFFSPRING. MANY CONDITIONS AFFECTING THE TESTICLES ARE CAPABLE OF CAUSING OLIGOZOOSPERMIA (VARICOCELE, GENITAL INFECTIONS, CONGENITAL AND GENETIC DEFECTS TESTICULAR TORSION/TRAUMA, CHRONIC DISEASES, INADEQUATE LIFESTYLE, OCCUPATIONAL/ENVIRONMENTAL EXPOSURE TO TOXICANTS, DRUGS, CANCER AND RELATED TREATMENTS, ACUTE FEBRILE ILLNESS, ENDOCRINE DISORDERS, AND IATROGENIC DAMAGE TO THE GENITOURINARY SYSTEM). IF OLIGOZOOSPERMIA IS DETECTED, THERAPEUTIC INTERVENTIONS CAN IMPROVE SPERM QUANTITY/QUALITY AND THE OVERALL MALE HEALTH, ULTIMATELY RESULTING IN BETTER PREGNANCY OUTCOMES EVEN WHEN ICSI IS USED. FERTILITY CLINICS ARE URGED TO ENGAGE MALE INFERTILITY SPECIALISTS IN DIAGNOSING AND TREATING OLIGOZOOSPERMIA AS A MATTER OF BEST CLINICAL PRACTICE. A WELL-CONDUCTED MALE INFERTILITY EVALUATION REPRESENTS A UNIQUE OPPORTUNITY TO IDENTIFY RELEVANT MEDICAL AND INFERTILITY CONDITIONS, MANY OF WHICH MAY BE TREATED OR ALLEVIATED. THE ANDROLOGICAL ASSESSMENT MAY ALSO HELP GUIDE THE OPTIMAL APPLICATION OF ICSI. THE FINAL GOALS ARE TO POSITIVELY IMPACT THE OVERALL PATIENT HEALTH, THE COUPLE'S PREGNANCY PROSPECTS, AND THE OFFSPRING'S WELL-BEING.	2022	
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              
3  1221  14 CRITICAL CONNECTIONS AMONG EMBEDDING OF CHILDHOOD ADVERSITY AND ADULT CHRONIC GASTROINTESTINAL AND GENITOURINARY DISORDERS: A REVIEW OF THE LITERATURE. BACKGROUND: A GAP IN THE LITERATURE EXISTS DEMONSTRATING ASSOCIATIONS BETWEEN ADVERSE CHILD EXPERIENCES (ACES) AS POTENTIAL A PRIORI CONTRIBUTING FACTORS AND GASTROINTESTINAL (GI)/GENITOURINARY (GU) DISORDERS. PURPOSE: A NARRATIVE REVIEW OF THE LITERATURE WAS CONDUCTED TO EXPLORE CRITICAL CONNECTIONS BETWEEN ACES AND GI/GU DISORDERS WITH A WORKING HYPOTHESIS OF A DOSE-RESPONSIVE RELATIONSHIP EXISTING AMONG THEM. METHODS: A LITERATURE SEARCH WAS CONDUCTED USING MEDLINE, CUMULATIVE INDEX OF NURSING AND ALLIED HEALTH LITERATURE, PUBMED, AND WEB OF SCIENCE USING SEARCH TERMS ADVERSE CHILDHOOD EXPERIENCES, CHILDHOOD ADVERSITY, OBESITY, GASTROINTESTINAL DISORDERS, AND GENITOURINARY DISORDERS, AND SECONDARY SEARCHES OF OBESITY AND SPECIFIC GI/GU DISORDERS (EG, IRRITABLE BOWEL SYNDROME, PELVIC PAIN). DUPLICATES AND ARTICLES WITH INAPPROPRIATE FOCUS WERE DISCARDED AFTER REVIEW. RESULTS: A TOTAL OF 58 ARTICLES WERE INCLUDED. RESEARCH IDENTIFIED SHOWED THAT ACES DO PLAY A ROLE IN ADULT GI AND GU MORBIDITIES IN A DOSE-RESPONSE MANNER, AND SELECTED FACTORS SUCH AS SOCIOECONOMIC STATUS, RACE, GENDER IDENTITY, AND PHYSIOLOGIC STATE (EG, OBESITY) CONFER HIGHER RISK. RESEARCH ALSO SUGGESTED THAT GENETIC/EPIGENETIC MECHANISMS ARE AT PLAY IN DISEASE OCCURRENCE, AND THE IMPACT OF ACES MAY BE MITIGATED WITH POSITIVE LIFE EXPERIENCES. CONCLUSION: RESEARCH ON THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN ACES AND GI/GU DISORDERS IS HETEROGENEOUS, NOTABLY DUE TO WIDE VARIATIONS IN HOW TYPES OF ACES ARE DEFINED AND SCREENING METHODS USED. DESPITE THIS LIMITATION, ASSOCIATIONS ARE DEMONSTRATED. AWARENESS OF A POSSIBLE CORRELATION BETWEEN ACES AND RISK OF GI/GU DISORDERS HAS THE POTENTIAL TO IMPROVE PATIENT CARE, ESPECIALLY THROUGH TRAUMA-INFORMED STRATEGIES.	2021	
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              
4  6840  13 [MALE INFERTILITY AND UROLOGIC CANCERS: ADVANCES IN STUDIES]. MALE INFERTILITY IS ONE OF THE MOST COMMON DISEASES IN ANDROLOGY. STUDIES SHOW THAT MALE INFERTILITY IS SIGNIFICANTLY CORRELATED WITH THE INCIDENCE AND MORTALITY OF TUMORS, ESPECIALLY MALIGNANT TUMORS IN THE GENITOURINARY SYSTEM, SUCH AS TESTIS CANCER AND PROSTATE CANCER. THE RELATIONSHIP OF MALE INFERTILITY WITH GENITOURINARY SYSTEM TUMORS INVOLVES VARIOUS ASPECTS, MAINLY INCLUDING CHANGES IN CHROMOSOME MUTATIONS, EPIGENETIC MARKS, HORMONAL IMBALANCE, AND CONGENITAL DEFORMITY. BESIDES, SOME CHRONIC DISEASES ARE SHOWN TO BE SIGNIFICANTLY ASSOCIATED WITH MALE INFERTILITY, AND SEMEN QUALITY OR FERTILITY STATUS MAY BE BIOMARKERS OF THE OVERALL HEALTH OF MALES. IN-DEPTH STUDIES OF THE CORRELATION BETWEEN MALE INFERTILITY AND THESE FACTORS ARE VERY IMPORTANT FOR AN INSIGHT INTO THE PATHOGENESIS AND PREVENTION OF THE RELATED DISEASES.	2022	
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                             
5  3109  12 GENOTOXIC AND EPIGENETIC EFFECTS OF DIURON IN THE PACIFIC OYSTER: IN VITRO EVIDENCE OF INTERACTION BETWEEN DNA DAMAGE AND DNA METHYLATION. RECENTLY, RESEARCH HAS CONTRIBUTED TO BETTER KNOWLEDGE ON THE OCCURRENCE OF PESTICIDES IN COASTAL WATER BY IDENTIFYING FREQUENTLY DETECTED SUBSTANCES, THEIR CONCENTRATION RANGE AND THEIR ACUTE AND CHRONIC TOXICITY FOR ORGANISMS. PESTICIDE POLLUTION IS OF PARTICULAR CONCERN IN FRANCE DUE TO IMPORTANT AGRICULTURAL ACTIVITIES AND PRESENCE OF SEVERAL EXOREIC CATCHMENT AREAS THAT VEHICLE PESTICIDES UP TO COASTAL WATERS, IMPACTING NON-TARGET MARINE SPECIES. SEVERAL ECOTOXICOLOGY QUESTIONS REMAIN TO BE ADDRESSED CONCERNING THE LONG-TERM EFFECTS OF CHRONIC PESTICIDE EXPOSURE AND THE MECHANISMS INVOLVED IN ADAPTATION TO CHEMICAL STRESS. IN THE PRESENT STUDY, WE BROUGHT NEW INSIGHTS ON THE GENETIC AND EPIGENETIC EFFECTS OF THE HERBICIDE DIURON IN OYSTER GENITORS. DURING GAMETOGENESIS, WE EXPOSED CRASSOSTREA GIGAS TO ENVIRONMENTALLY REALISTIC HERBICIDE CONCENTRATIONS (0.2-0.3 MUG L(-1) DURING TWO 7-DAY PERIODS AT HALF-COURSE AND END OF GAMETOGENESIS). DIURON EXPOSURE WAS SHOWN TO DECREASE GLOBAL DNA METHYLATION AND TOTAL METHYLTRANSFERASE ACTIVITY IN WHOLE OYSTER TISSUE; THIS IS CONSISTENT WITH THE PREVIOUS OBSERVATION OF A SIGNIFICANT DECREASE IN DNMT1 GENE EXPRESSION. DIURON EFFECT SEEMED TO BE TISSUE-SPECIFIC; HYPERMETHYLATION WAS DETECTED IN THE DIGESTIVE GLAND, WHEREAS DIURON EXPOSURE HAD NO EFFECT ON GILL AND GONAD TISSUE. THE GENOTOXICITY OF DIURON WAS CONFIRMED BY THE DETECTION OF ONE ADDUCT IN GONAD DNA. BY USING IN VITRO APPROACHES AND HUMAN DNMT1 (DNMT1 HAS NOT BEEN PURIFIED YET IN BIVALVES), THE PRESENCE OF DNA LESIONS (ADDUCT, 8-OXODGUO) WAS SHOWN TO INTERFERE WITH DNMT1 ACTIVITY, INDICATING A COMPLEX INTERACTION BETWEEN DNA DAMAGE AND DNA METHYLATION. BASED ON OUR RESULTS, WE PROPOSE MECHANISMS TO EXPLAIN THE EFFECT OF DIURON EXPOSURE ON DNA METHYLATION, A WIDESPREAD EPIGENETIC MARK.	2021	
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                               
6  1151  14 CONNECTIONS AMONG BIOLOGIC EMBEDDING OF CHILDHOOD ADVERSITY, ADULT CHRONIC ILLNESS, AND WOUND CARE: A REVIEW OF THE LITERATURE. ADVERSE CHILDHOOD EXPERIENCES (ACES) BIOLOGICALLY EMBED BY ALTERING BRAIN DEVELOPMENT AND INFLUENCING EPIGENETIC MECHANISMS. THESE EXPERIENCES MAY GENERATE HEALTH RISK FACTORS. PURPOSE: A LITERATURE REVIEW WAS CONDUCTED TO COMPARE ACE-GENERATED HEALTH RISK FACTORS WITH RISK FACTORS FOR WOUND DEVELOPMENT AND ABERRANT HEALING, AS WELL AS TO IDENTIFY A GAP IN LITERATURE REGARDING CRITICAL CONNECTIONS BETWEEN ACES, CHRONIC ILLNESS, AND WOUND DEVELOPMENT/HEALING, WITH ASSOCIATED PRACTICE IMPLICATIONS. METHODOLOGY: A LITERATURE SEARCH OF ENGLISH-LANGUAGE ARTICLES WAS CONDUCTED USING THE CUMULATIVE INDEX OF NURSING AND ALLIED HEALTH LITERATURE, MEDLINE, AND PUBMED USING THE SEARCH TERMS ADVERSE CHILDHOOD EXPERIENCES, ADULTS, WOUNDS, CHRONIC DISEASE OR ILLNESS, AND EPIGENETICS. THE SEARCHES YIELDED 561 PUBLICATIONS REGARDING ACES, CHRONIC ILLNESS OR DISEASE, AND ADULT; 182 FOR ACES; AND 547 FOR EPIGENETICS AND WOUNDS. ABSTRACTS WERE REVIEWED TO REMOVE DUPLICATES AND STUDIES WITH PARTICIPANTS WHO WERE <18 YEARS OLD. PUBLICATIONS WERE REVIEWED FOR SALIENCE; THOSE DISCUSSING THE BIOLOGIC PLAUSIBILITY OF ACES CONTRIBUTING TO ADULT ILLNESSES AND ASSOCIATED WOUND DEVELOPMENT AND HEALING WERE REVIEWED FOR INCLUSION. RESULTS: SIXTY-EIGHT (68) PUBLICATIONS WERE FOUND APPROPRIATE FOR REVIEW AND INCLUDED POPULATION-BASED STUDIES; LITERATURE REVIEWS; EPIDEMIOLOGIC DATA; META-ANALYSES; AND SYSTEMATIC, CROSS-SECTIONAL, OBSERVATIONAL, AND PROSPECTIVE STUDIES AS SINGULAR OR MIXED METHODS DESIGNS. A SUBSTANTIAL OVERLAP WAS FOUND IN TERMS OF RISK FACTORS GENERATED BY ACE EXPOSURE AND RISK FACTORS FOR WOUND DEVELOPMENT/HEALING, AS WAS A GAP IN THE LITERATURE REGARDING THIS RELATIONSHIP. EPIGENETIC MECHANISMS AND ALTERED BRAIN DEVELOPMENT ARE IMPLICATED IN PROCESSES THROUGH WHICH CHILDHOOD ADVERSITY ERODES HUMAN HEALTH. CONCLUSION: ADULT HEALTH RISKS AS A RESULT OF EXPOSURE TO ACES AND CRITICAL CONNECTIONS WITH RISKS FOR WOUND DEVELOPMENT AND DISRUPTED WOUND HEALING VIA EPIGENETIC INFLUENCES ARE RECOGNIZED IN THE LITERATURE. PRACTICE IMPLICATIONS INCLUDE CONSIDERING SCREENING FOR THE RISK FACTOR OF ACES EXPOSURE IN ADULT PATIENTS TO IDENTIFY THIS ADDITIONAL RISK FACTOR AND PRACTICING PATIENT-CENTERED, TRAUMA-INFORMED CARE. FURTHER RESEARCH INTO THE INTEGRATIVE ROLES OF THESE FACTORS IS WARRANTED.	2019	
                              
7   393  12 AN OVERVIEW OF EPIGENETICS IN NURSING. EPIGENETIC CHANGES TO THE GENOME ARE BIOCHEMICAL ALTERATIONS TO THE DNA THAT DO NOT CHANGE AN INDIVIDUAL'S GENOME BUT DO CHANGE AND INFLUENCE GENE EXPRESSION. THE NURSING PROFESSION IS QUALIFIED TO CONDUCT AND INTEGRATE EPIGENETIC-FOCUSED NURSING RESEARCH INTO PRACTICE. THIS ARTICLE DISCUSSES CURRENT EPIGENETIC NURSING RESEARCH, PROVIDES AN OVERVIEW OF HOW EPIGENETIC RESEARCH RELATES TO NURSING PRACTICE, MAKES RECOMMENDATIONS, AND PROVIDES EPIGENETIC ONLINE RESOURCES FOR NURSING RESEARCH. AN OVERVIEW OF MAJOR EPIGENETIC STUDIES IN NURSING (SPECIFIC TO CHILDBIRTH STUDIES, PREECLAMPSIA, METABOLIC SYNDROME, IMMUNOTHERAPY CANCER, AND PAIN) IS PROVIDED, WITH RECOMMENDATIONS ON NEXT STEPS.	2013	
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        
8   363  18 AMBIENT AIR POLLUTION: HEALTH HAZARDS TO CHILDREN. AMBIENT AIR POLLUTION IS PRODUCED BY SOURCES INCLUDING VEHICULAR TRAFFIC, COAL-FIRED POWER PLANTS, HYDRAULIC FRACTURING, AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION, AND FOREST FIRES. IT CONSISTS OF PRIMARY POLLUTANTS GENERATED BY COMBUSTION AND SECONDARY POLLUTANTS FORMED IN THE ATMOSPHERE FROM PRECURSOR GASES. AIR POLLUTION CAUSES AND EXACERBATES CLIMATE CHANGE, AND CLIMATE CHANGE WORSENS HEALTH EFFECTS OF AIR POLLUTION. INFANTS AND CHILDREN ARE UNIQUELY SENSITIVE TO AIR POLLUTION, BECAUSE THEIR ORGANS ARE DEVELOPING AND THEY HAVE HIGHER AIR PER BODY WEIGHT INTAKE. HEALTH EFFECTS LINKED TO AIR POLLUTION INCLUDE NOT ONLY EXACERBATIONS OF RESPIRATORY DISEASES BUT ALSO REDUCED LUNG FUNCTION DEVELOPMENT AND INCREASED ASTHMA INCIDENCE. ADDITIONAL OUTCOMES OF CONCERN INCLUDE PRETERM BIRTH, LOW BIRTH WEIGHT, NEURODEVELOPMENTAL DISORDERS, IQ LOSS, PEDIATRIC CANCERS, AND INCREASED RISKS FOR ADULT CHRONIC DISEASES. THESE EFFECTS ARE MEDIATED BY OXIDATIVE STRESS, CHRONIC INFLAMMATION, ENDOCRINE DISRUPTION, AND GENETIC AND EPIGENETIC MECHANISMS ACROSS THE LIFE SPAN. NATURAL EXPERIMENTS DEMONSTRATE THAT WITH INITIATIVES SUCH AS INCREASED USE OF PUBLIC TRANSPORTATION, BOTH AIR QUALITY AND COMMUNITY HEALTH IMPROVE. SIMILARLY, THE CLEAN AIR ACT HAS IMPROVED AIR QUALITY, ALTHOUGH EXPOSURE INEQUITIES PERSIST. OTHER EFFECTIVE STRATEGIES FOR REDUCING AIR POLLUTION INCLUDE ENDING RELIANCE ON COAL, OIL, AND GAS; REGULATING INDUSTRIAL EMISSIONS; REDUCING EXPOSURE WITH ATTENTION TO PROXIMITY OF RESIDENCES, SCHOOLS, AND CHILD CARE FACILITIES TO TRAFFIC; AND A GREATER AWARENESS OF THE AIR QUALITY INDEX. THIS POLICY REVIEWS BOTH SHORT- AND LONG-TERM HEALTH CONSEQUENCES OF AMBIENT AIR POLLUTION, ESPECIALLY IN RELATION TO DEVELOPMENTAL EXPOSURES. IT EXAMINES INDIVIDUAL, COMMUNITY, AND LEGISLATIVE STRATEGIES TO MITIGATE AIR POLLUTION.	2021	
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      
9  4923  12 PARENTAL DIURON EXPOSURE CAUSES LOWER HATCHABILITY AND ABNORMAL OVARIAN DEVELOPMENT IN OFFSPRING OF MEDAKA (ORYZIAS MELASTIGMA). DIURON IS ONE OF THE MOST WIDELY USED HERBICIDES WORLDWIDE. IT HAS BEEN WIDELY DETECTED IN VARIOUS AQUATIC ENVIRONMENTS, ESPECIALLY IN MARINE ECOSYSTEMS. ALTHOUGH DIRECT EFFECTS OF DIURON EXPOSURE ON VARIOUS ORGANISMS HAVE BEEN REPORTED, LITTLE IS KNOWN ABOUT ITS EFFECTS ON MARINE FISHES INCLUDING MULTIGENERATIONAL EFFECTS. HEREIN, THE FILIAL GENERATION (F1) OF DIURON-EXPOSED MARINE MEDAKA (ORYZIAS MELASTIGMA) (F0) WAS RAISED IN CLEAN SEAWATER FROM FERTILIZED EGGS TO ADULTHOOD AND USED AS A MARINE FISH MODEL TO STUDY THE POTENTIAL MULTIGENERATIONAL EFFECTS OF DIURON. WE FOUND THAT THE SUCCESSFUL HATCHING OF F1 LARVAE WAS SIGNIFICANTLY REDUCED AND THAT OVARIAN DEVELOPMENT IN F1 FEMALES WAS RETARDED. A SIGNIFICANT INCREASE IN THE PERCENTAGE OF PREVITELLOGENIC OOCYTES, ALONG WITH A VISUAL DECREASE IN THE PERCENTAGE OF VITELLOGENIC AND MATURE OOCYTES IN THE F1 OVARY, WERE OBSERVED. THE HORMONE LEVELS OF THE HYPOTHALAMUS-PITUITARY-GONAD-LIVER AXIS AND VITELLOGENIN-RELATED TRANSCRIPTION WERE DOWNREGULATED. IN ADDITION, THE MRNA LEVELS OF DNA METHYLTRANSFERASE IN THE BRAIN, OVARY AND LIVER OF F1 ADULT FISH EXHIBITED SIGNIFICANT UPREGULATION, SUGGESTING THAT THE PROBABLE UNDERLYING MULTIGENERATIONAL MECHANISM MIGHT BE ASSOCIATED WITH EPIGENETIC MODIFICATIONS. TAKEN TOGETHER, THESE RESULTS DEMONSTRATED THAT CHRONIC ENVIRONMENTAL DIURON EXPOSURE IN F0 MARINE MEDAKA CAN INHIBIT F1 OVARY DEVELOPMENT AND SUGGESTED THAT DIURON MAY AFFECT MARINE FISH THRIVING IN THE OCEAN.	2022	
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        
10  4847  15 OPIOID DEPENDENCE AND PREGNANCY: MINIMIZING STRESS ON THE FETAL BRAIN. INCREASE IN THE NUMBER OF OPIOID-DEPENDENT PREGNANT WOMEN DELIVERING BABIES AT RISK FOR NEONATAL ABSTINENCE SYNDROME PROMPTED A US GOVERNMENT ACCOUNTABILITY OFFICE REPORT DOCUMENTING DEFICITS IN RESEARCH AND PROVIDER KNOWLEDGE ABOUT CARE OF THE MATERNAL/FETAL UNIT AND THE NEONATE. THERE ARE 3 GENERAL SOURCES OF DEPENDENCE: UNTREATED OPIOID USE DISORDER, PAIN MANAGEMENT, AND MEDICATION-ASSISTED TREATMENT WITH METHADONE OR BUPRENORPHINE. A SURVEY OF METHADONE PATIENTS' EXPERIENCES WHEN TELLING A PHYSICIAN OF THEIR PREGNANCY AND OPIOID DEPENDENCE DEMONSTRATED PHYSICIAN CONFUSION ABOUT PROPER CARE, FREQUENT NEGATIVE INTERACTIONS WITH THE MOTHER, AND FAILURES TO PROVIDE APPROPRIATE REFERRAL. PATIENTS IN PAIN MANAGEMENT WERE DISCHARGED WITHOUT REFERRAL WHEN THE PHYSICIAN WAS TOLD OF THE PREGNANCY. METHADONE AND BUPRENORPHINE WERE FREQUENTLY SEEN NEGATIVELY BECAUSE THEY "CAUSED" NEONATAL ABSTINENCE SYNDROME. MOST MOTHERS SURVEYED HAD TO FIND OPIOID TREATMENT ON THEIR OWN. HOW DEPENDENCE IS MANAGED MEDICALLY IS A CRITICAL DETERMINANT OF THE LEVEL OF STRESS ON BOTH MOTHER AND FETUS, AND THEREFORE ANOTHER DETERMINANT OF NEONATAL HEALTH. THE EFFECTS OF BOTH OPIOID WITHDRAWAL STRESS AND MATERNAL EMOTIONAL STRESS ON NEONATAL AND DEVELOPMENTAL OUTCOMES ARE REVIEWED. CURRENTLY, THERE HAVE BEEN EFFORTS TO CRIMINALIZE MATERNAL OPIOID DEPENDENCE AND TO ENCOURAGE OR COERCE PREGNANT WOMEN TO UNDERGO WITHDRAWAL. THIS PRACTICE POSES BOTH ACUTE RISKS OF FETAL HYPOXIA AND LONG-TERM RISKS OF ADVERSE EPIGENETIC PROGRAMMING RELATED TO CATECHOLAMINE AND CORTICOSTEROID SURGES DURING WITHDRAWAL. CONTEMPORARY STUDIES OF THE EFFECTS OF WITHDRAWAL STRESS ON THE DEVELOPING FETAL BRAIN ARE URGENTLY NEEDED TO ELUCIDATE AND QUANTIFY THE RISKS OF SUCH PRACTICES. AT BIRTH, INCONSISTENCIES IN THE HOSPITAL MANAGEMENT OF NEONATES AT RISK FOR NEONATAL ABSTINENCE SYNDROME HAVE BEEN OBSERVED. NEGLECT OF THE CRITICAL ROLE OF MATERNAL COMFORTING IN NEONATAL ABSTINENCE SYNDROME MANAGEMENT IS AN IATROGENIC AND PREVENTABLE CAUSE OF POOR OUTCOMES AND LONG HOSPITALIZATIONS. ROOMING-IN ALLOWS FOR CONTINUOUS CARE OF THE BABY AND MATERNAL/NEONATAL ATTACHMENT, OFTEN UNWITTINGLY DISRUPTED BY THE NEONATAL INTENSIVE CARE UNIT ENVIRONMENT. RECOMMENDATIONS ARE MADE FOR FURTHER RESEARCH INTO PHYSICIAN/PATIENT INTERACTIONS AND INTO OPTIMAL DOSING OF METHADONE AND BUPRENORPHINE TO MINIMIZE MATERNAL/FETAL WITHDRAWAL.	2017	

11   704  11 BUILDING RESILIENCE AGAINST THE SEQUELAE OF ADVERSE CHILDHOOD EXPERIENCES: RISE UP, CHANGE YOUR LIFE, AND REFORM HEALTH CARE. A REFORMED APPROACH TO HEALTH CARE TACKLES HEALTH AT ITS ROOTS. ADVERSE CHILDHOOD EXPERIENCES (ACES) IN THOSE EXPOSED TO THEM MAY CONTRIBUTE SIGNIFICANTLY TO THE ROOT CAUSES OF MANY DISEASES OF LIFESTYLE. ACES ARE TRAUMATIC EXPERIENCES, SUCH AS PHYSICAL AND EMOTIONAL ABUSE AND EXPOSURE TO RISKY FAMILY ENVIRONMENTS. IN 1998, A GROUND-BREAKING STUDY FOUND THAT NEARLY 70% OF AMERICANS EXPERIENCE AT LEAST 1 ACE IN THEIR LIFETIME, AND GRADED EXPOSURE IS ASSOCIATED WITH THE PRESENCE OF MENTAL HEALTH DISORDERS, HEART DISEASE, CANCER, AND OTHER CHRONIC DISEASES. OVER THE PAST 20 YEARS, EVIDENCE HAS DEMONSTRATED FURTHER DISEASE RISK, OUTCOMES, AND EPIGENETIC UNDERPINNINGS IN CHILDREN AND ADULTS WITH ACES. BUILDING RESILIENCE-THE CAPACITY TO ADAPT IN HEALTHY WAYS TO TRAUMATIC EXPERIENCES-THROUGH LIFESTYLE MODIFICATION OFFERS POTENTIAL TO COMBAT THE NEGATIVE HEALTH EFFECTS ASSOCIATED WITH ACES. EMERGING RESEARCH DEMONSTRATES RESILIENCE IS CULTIVATED THROUGH INDIVIDUAL SKILLS (EMOTIONAL INTELLIGENCE, COPING, AND FOSTERING HEALTHY LIFESTYLE CHOICES), AND NURTURING SUPPORTIVE RELATIONSHIPS. BEING MINDFUL OF THE IMPACT AND PREVALENCE OF ACES AND DIVERSITY OF INDIVIDUALS' EXPERIENCES IN SOCIETY WILL HELP BUILD RESILIENCE AND COMBAT THE ROOT CAUSE OF CHRONIC DISEASE. THIS REVIEW AIMS TO CULTIVATE THAT AWARENESS AND WILL DISCUSS 3 OBJECTIVES: TO DISCUSS THE EFFECTS AND HYPOTHESIZED PATHOPHYSIOLOGICAL UNDERPINNINGS OF TRAUMATIC EXPERIENCES IN CHILDHOOD ON HEALTH AND WELLBEING THROUGHOUT LIFE, TO PRESENT WAYS WE CAN PROMOTE RESILIENCE IN OUR DAILY LIVES AND PATIENT ENCOUNTERS, AND TO DEMONSTRATE HOW ADVOCACY FOR THE REDUCTION OF ACES AND PROMOTION OF RESILIENT, TRAUMA-INFORMED ENVIRONMENTS ARE FUNDAMENTAL TO HEALTH CARE REFORM.	2019	
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                           
12   646  17 BIRTH MODE AND INFECTIOUS MORBIDITY RISKS IN QOM CHILDREN OF ARGENTINA. OBJECTIVES: CESAREAN DELIVERY MAY INCREASE CHILDHOOD INFECTIOUS MORBIDITY RISKS VIA ALTERED BIRTH EXPOSURES AND SUBSEQUENT IMMUNE, MICROBIAL, AND EPIGENETIC DEVELOPMENT. MANY LATIN AMERICAN INDIGENOUS POPULATIONS EXPERIENCE DUAL BURDENS OF INFECTIOUS AND CHRONIC DISEASES, AND ARE PARTICULARLY VULNERABLE TO RISING RATES OF CESAREAN DELIVERY AND ASSOCIATED ADVERSE OUTCOMES. THE QOM/TOBA ARE AN INDIGENOUS POPULATION IN ARGENTINA EXPERIENCING RAPID LIFESTYLE TRANSITIONS. WE HYPOTHESIZED THAT CESAREAN DELIVERY WOULD BE ASSOCIATED WITH INCREASED RISK OF INFECTIOUS SYMPTOMS IN QOM CHILDREN AFTER ADJUSTING FOR GESTATIONAL AND NUTRITIONAL FACTORS. METHODS: WE CONDUCTED A SECONDARY ANALYSIS OF BIRTH RECORDS AND MONTHLY ANTHROPOMETRIC AND ILLNESS DATA COLLECTED PREVIOUSLY FROM 90 QOM CHILDREN (AGED 1-55 MONTHS). WE TESTED FOR ADDITIVE EFFECTS OF BIRTH MODE ON RISK OF GASTROINTESTINAL (GI) AND RESPIRATORY ILLNESS (RI) IN MIXED-EFFECTS LOGISTIC REGRESSION MODELS ADJUSTING FOR CHILD WEIGHT-FOR-AGE (WAZ), WEANING, AND GESTATIONAL AND MATERNAL AGE. RESULTS: CESAREAN DELIVERIES ACCOUNTED FOR 46% OF BIRTHS AND WERE ASSOCIATED WITH MATERNAL AGE < 20 AND >/= 30 YEARS, GESTATIONAL AGE < 39 WEEKS, AND PRENATAL COMPLICATIONS. GI AND RI RISKS WERE REDUCED IN ASSOCIATION WITH CESAREAN DELIVERY, GREATER WAZ, WEANING, MATERNAL AGE >/= 30 YEARS, AND GESTATIONAL AGE < 39 WEEKS. CONCLUSIONS: THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN CESAREAN DELIVERY AND REDUCED INFECTIOUS RISKS MAY REFLECT STATISTICAL CONFOUNDING WITH RELATIVELY RAPID POSTNATAL GROWTH AND GREATER ADIPOSITY. POSTNATAL GROWTH TRAJECTORIES MAY BE IMPORTANT MEDIATORS OF LONG-TERM MORBIDITY RISKS ASSOCIATED WITH CESAREAN DELIVERY. THE FREQUENCY OF CESAREAN DELIVERIES AMONG THE QOM REMAINS CONCERNING GIVEN TRADITIONALLY HIGH RATES OF FERTILITY AND ADOLESCENT PREGNANCY.	2019	
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                   
13  1145  15 CONCURRENT DIAGNOSIS OF ADENOMYOSIS AND CONGENITAL UTERINE ANOMALIES: A REVIEW. BACKGROUND: ADENOMYOSIS AND CONGENITAL UTERINE ANOMALIES (CUAS) CAN COMPROMISE REPRODUCTIVE POTENTIAL AND MAY COEXIST IN THE SAME PATIENT, ESPECIALLY IN CASES OF INFERTILITY. THIS REVIEW (CRD42022382850) AIMS TO EVALUATE THE PUBLISHED CASES OF CONCURRENT ADENOMYOSIS AND SYNDROMIC AND NONSYNDROMIC CUAS. METHODS: A LITERATURE SEARCH FOR SUITABLE ARTICLES PUBLISHED IN THE ENGLISH LANGUAGE WAS PERFORMED USING THE FOLLOWING DATABASES FROM INCEPTION TO 30 NOVEMBER 2022: MEDLINE, EMBASE, GLOBAL HEALTH, THE COCHRANE LIBRARY, HEALTH TECHNOLOGY ASSESSMENT DATABASE, AND WEB OF SCIENCE. ARTICLES INCLUDING BOTH CUAS AND ADENOMYOSIS, WITH DATA ABOUT THEIR POTENTIAL RELATIONSHIP, WERE INCLUDED. RESULTS: THE LITERATURE SEARCH RETRIEVED 14 ARTICLES THAT MET THE PURPOSE OF THIS REVIEW AND SUMMARIZED THE MOST RECENT FINDINGS REGARDING THE CONCURRENT DIAGNOSIS OF ADENOMYOSIS AND CUAS. CONCLUSIONS: ADENOMYOSIS CAN BE FOUND IN BOTH SYNDROMIC AND NONSYNDROMIC CUAS, AND MAY ARISE FROM SEVERAL ETIOLOGIES. THE HYPOTHESIS THAT OBSTRUCTIONS IN CUAS INCREASE UTERINE PRESSURE AND PROMOTE THE DEVELOPMENT OF ADENOMYOSIS REMAINS TO BE FURTHER ELUCIDATED, AND ADDITIONAL FINDINGS MAY ALSO PLAY A ROLE. THE PATIENT'S GENETIC, EPIGENETIC, AND HORMONAL PATTERNS, AS WELL AS NORMAL PHYSIOLOGICAL PROCESSES, SUCH AS PREGNANCY, MAY INFLUENCE THE GROWTH OF ADENOMYOSIS.	2023	
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                
14  3166  13 GROCERY DELIVERY TO SUPPORT HEALTHY WEIGHT GAIN AMONG PREGNANT YOUNG WOMEN WITH LOW INCOME: PROTOCOL FOR A RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIAL. BACKGROUND: EXCESSIVE WEIGHT GAIN DURING PREGNANCY IS ASSOCIATED WITH COMPLICATIONS FOR BOTH THE MOTHER AND HER INFANT INCLUDING GESTATIONAL DIABETES, HYPERTENSIVE DISORDERS, OPERATIVE DELIVERY, AND LONG-TERM OBESITY. A HEALTHY DIET DURING PREGNANCY PROMOTES HEALTHY GESTATIONAL WEIGHT GAIN AND DETERMINES FETAL EPIGENETIC PROGRAMMING IN INFANTS THAT IMPACTS RISK FOR FUTURE CHRONIC DISEASE. OBJECTIVE: THIS PROJECT WILL EXAMINE THE IMPACT OF GROCERY DELIVERY DURING PREGNANCY ON THE WEIGHT, DIET, AND HEALTH OUTCOMES OF YOUNG PREGNANT WOMEN AND THEIR INFANTS. METHODS: A THREE-ARM RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIAL DESIGN WILL BE PERFORMED. A TOTAL OF 855 YOUNG PREGNANT WOMEN, AGED 14-24 YEARS, FROM ACROSS THE STATE OF MICHIGAN WILL BE ENROLLED AND RANDOMIZED EQUALLY INTO THE THREE STUDY ARMS. PARTICIPANTS IN ARM ONE (CONTROL) WILL RECEIVE USUAL CARE FROM THE SPECIAL SUPPLEMENTAL NUTRITION PROGRAM FOR WOMEN, INFANTS, AND CHILDREN (WIC); ARM TWO WILL RECEIVE WIC PLUS BIWEEKLY GROCERY DELIVERY; AND ARM THREE WILL RECEIVE WIC PLUS BIWEEKLY GROCERY AND UNSWEETENED BEVERAGE DELIVERY. WEIGHT WILL BE ASSESSED WEEKLY DURING PREGNANCY, AND TOTAL PREGNANCY WEIGHT GAIN WILL BE CATEGORIZED AS ABOVE, BELOW, OR WITHIN GUIDELINES. ADDITIONALLY, DIETARY INTAKE WILL BE ASSESSED AT THREE TIME POINTS (BASELINE, SECOND TRIMESTER, AND THIRD TRIMESTER), AND PREGNANCY OUTCOMES WILL BE EXTRACTED FROM MEDICAL RECORDS. THE APPROPRIATENESS OF PREGNANCY WEIGHT GAIN, DIET QUALITY, AND OCCURRENCE OF POOR OUTCOMES WILL BE COMPARED BETWEEN GROUPS USING STANDARD PRACTICES FOR MULTINOMIAL REGRESSION AND CONFOUNDER ADJUSTMENT. RESULTS: THIS STUDY WAS FUNDED IN APRIL 2021, DATA COLLECTION STARTED IN DECEMBER 2021, AND DATA COLLECTION IS EXPECTED TO BE CONCLUDED IN 2026. CONCLUSIONS: THIS STUDY WILL TEST WHETHER GROCERY DELIVERY OF HEALTHY FOODS IMPROVES WEIGHT, DIET, AND PREGNANCY OUTCOMES OF YOUNG MOMS WITH LOW INCOME. THE FINDINGS WILL INFORM POLICIES AND PRACTICES THAT PROMOTE A HEALTHY DIET DURING PREGNANCY, WHICH HAS MULTIGENERATIONAL IMPACTS ON HEALTH. TRIAL REGISTRATION: CLINICALTRIALS.GOV NCT05000645; HTTPS://CLINICALTRIALS.GOV/CT2/SHOW/NCT05000645. INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT IDENTIFIER (IRRID): DERR1-10.2196/40568.	2022	
                                                                                                               
15   455  17 APPLICATIONS OF YOGA IN ORAL ONCOLOGY: A SYSTEMATIC SCOPING REVIEW. BACKGROUND AND AIMS: YOGA IS WELL-THOUGHT-OUT AS AN ALL-INCLUSIVE APPROACH GLOBALLY AND CAN BE ADMINISTERED IN CLINICAL CARE AS AN INTEGRATIVE OR ALTERNATE APPROACH TO REGULAR TREATMENT. YOGA EXERCISE HAS BEEN DISCLOSED TO INFLUENCE REMISSION FROM CANCER CELLS OVER A LONG PERIOD OF TIME AND ALSO REVERSES EPIGENETIC ALTERATIONS. APPLICATIONS OF YOGA IN THE MANAGEMENT OF ORAL ONCOLOGY PATIENTS ARE SCARCE, HENCE THE NEED FOR A SCOPING REVIEW OF THE LITERATURE. HENCE, THIS STUDY AIMED TO CONDUCT A SCOPING REVIEW OF THE EXISTING EMPIRICAL EVIDENCE ON THE APPLICATIONS OF YOGA IN ORAL ONCOLOGY. METHODS: THE REVIEW METHODOLOGY WAS INFORMED BY JOANNA BRIGG'S INSTITUTE GUIDELINES FOR SYSTEMATIC SCOPING REVIEWS, AND THE REVIEW WAS REPORTED IN ACCORDANCE WITH THE PREFERRED REPORTING ITEMS FOR SYSTEMATIC REVIEWS AND META-ANALYSES EXTENSION FOR SCOPING REVIEWS. TEN DATABASES WERE SEARCHED. THE RECORDS OF ALL THE LITERATURE RETRIEVED FROM THE SEARCH WERE IMPORTED INTO THE RAYYAN SOFTWARE FOR DEDUPLICATION. AFTER THE FULL-TEXT SCREENING, ONLY TWO WERE FOUND ELIGIBLE FOR INCLUSION IN THE SCOPING REVIEW. DATA OBTAINED IN THE INCLUDED LITERATURE WERE EXTRACTED AND SYNTHESIZED. RESULTS: THIS REVIEW FOUND THAT YOGA WAS NOT SIGNIFICANTLY EFFECTIVE IN THE MANAGEMENT OF STRESS AMONG ORAL CANCER PATIENTS (P-VALUES > 0.04). HOWEVER, IT WAS FOUND THAT YOGA SIGNIFICANTLY REDUCED ANXIETY, SALIVA STICKINESS, AND EPISODES OF FALLING ILL (P-VALUES < 0.05) WHILE IT IMPROVED MENTAL WELL-BEING, COGNITIVE FUNCTIONING, EMOTIONAL FUNCTIONING, AND HEAD AND NECK PAIN OF THOSE ORAL CANCER PATIENTS THAT RECEIVED IT (P-VALUES < 0.05). CONCLUSION: AN INTEGRATIVE CARE APPROACH THAT CONSIDERS NONPHARMACEUTICAL TECHNIQUES SUCH AS YOGA COULD HELP TO REDUCE CARE COST WHILE IMPROVING CARE OUTCOMES AND QUALITY OF LIFE OF ORAL CANCER PATIENTS. HENCE, IT IS IMPERATIVE TO CONSIDER YOGA ALONG WITH ITS POTENTIAL BENEFITS, AND WE RECOMMEND GRADUAL INCORPORATION OF YOGA INTO ORAL CANCER CARE.	2023	
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                             
16    92  13 A PILOT STUDY INVESTIGATING THE ROLE OF GENDER IN THE INTERGENERATIONAL RELATIONSHIPS BETWEEN GENE EXPRESSION, CHRONIC PAIN, AND ADVERSE CHILDHOOD EXPERIENCES IN A CLINICAL SAMPLE OF YOUTH WITH CHRONIC PAIN. CHRONIC PAIN IS A HIGHLY PREVALENT AND COSTLY ISSUE THAT OFTEN EMERGES DURING CHILDHOOD OR ADOLESCENCE AND PERSISTS INTO ADULTHOOD. ADVERSE CHILDHOOD EXPERIENCES (ACES) INCREASE RISK FOR SEVERAL ADVERSE HEALTH CONDITIONS, INCLUDING CHRONIC PAIN. RECENT EVIDENCE SUGGESTS THAT PARENTAL TRAUMA (ACES, POST-TRAUMATIC STRESS DISORDER (PTSD) SYMPTOMS) CONFERS RISK OF POOR HEALTH OUTCOMES IN THEIR CHILDREN. INTERGENERATIONAL RELATIONSHIPS BETWEEN PARENTAL TRAUMA AND CHILD CHRONIC PAIN MAY BE MEDIATED BY EPIGENETIC MECHANISMS. A CLINICAL SAMPLE OF YOUTH WITH CHRONIC PAIN AND THEIR PARENTS COMPLETED PSYCHOMETRICALLY SOUND QUESTIONNAIRES ASSESSING ACES, PTSD SYMPTOMS, AND CHRONIC PAIN, AND PROVIDED A SALIVA SAMPLE. THESE WERE USED TO INVESTIGATE THE INTERGENERATIONAL RELATIONSHIPS BETWEEN FOUR EPIGENETIC BIOMARKERS (COMT, DRD2, GR, AND SERT), TRAUMA, AND CHRONIC PAIN. THE RESULTS INDICATED THAT THE SIGNIFICANT BIOMARKERS WERE DEPENDENT UPON THE GENDER OF THE CHILD, WHEREIN PARENTAL ACES SIGNIFICANTLY CORRELATED WITH CHANGES IN DRD2 EXPRESSION IN FEMALE CHILDREN AND ALTERED COMT EXPRESSION IN THE PARENTS OF MALE CHILDREN. ADDITIONALLY, THE NATURE OF THE ACE (MALTREATMENT VS. HOUSEHOLD DYSFUNCTION) WAS ASSOCIATED WITH THE SPECIFIC EPIGENETIC CHANGES. THERE MAY BE DIFFERENT PATHWAYS THROUGH WHICH PARENTAL ACES CONFER RISK FOR POOR OUTCOMES FOR MALES AND FEMALES, HIGHLIGHTING THE IMPORTANCE OF CHILD GENDER IN FUTURE INVESTIGATIONS.	2021	
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  
17  1223  20 CRITICAL REVIEW ON EMERGING HEALTH EFFECTS ASSOCIATED WITH THE INDOOR AIR QUALITY AND ITS SUSTAINABLE MANAGEMENT. INDOOR AIR QUALITY (IAQ) IS ONE OF THE FUNDAMENTAL ELEMENTS AFFECTING PEOPLE'S HEALTH AND WELL-BEING. CURRENTLY, THERE IS A LACK OF AWARENESS AMONG PEOPLE ABOUT THE QUANTIFICATION, IDENTIFICATION, AND POSSIBLE HEALTH EFFECTS OF IAQ. AIRBORNE POLLUTANTS SUCH AS VOLATILE ORGANIC COMPOUNDS (VOCS), PARTICULATE MATTER (PM), SULFUR DIOXIDE (SO2), CARBON MONOXIDE (CO), NITROUS OXIDE (NO), POLYCYCLIC AROMATIC HYDROCARBONS (PAHS) MICROBIAL SPORES, POLLEN, ALLERGENS, ETC. PRIMARILY CONTRIBUTE TO IAQ DETERIORATION. THIS REVIEW DISCUSSES THE SOURCES OF MAJOR INDOOR AIR POLLUTANTS, MOLECULAR TOXICITY MECHANISMS, AND THEIR EFFECTS ON CARDIOVASCULAR, OCULAR, NEUROLOGICAL, WOMEN, AND FOETAL HEALTH. ADDITIONALLY, CONTEMPORARY STRATEGIES AND SUSTAINABLE METHODS FOR REGULATING AND REDUCING POLLUTANT CONCENTRATIONS ARE EMPHASIZED, AND CURRENT INITIATIVES TO ADDRESS AND ENHANCE IAQ ARE EXPLORED, ALONG WITH THEIR UNIQUE ADVANTAGES AND POTENTIALS. DUE TO THEIR LONGER EXPOSURE TIMES AND PARTICULAR PHYSICAL CHARACTERISTICS, WOMEN AND CHILDREN ARE MORE AT RISK FOR POOR INDOOR AIR QUALITY. BY TRIGGERING MANY TOXICITY MECHANISMS, INCLUDING OXIDATIVE STRESS, DNA METHYLATION, EPIGENETIC MODIFICATIONS, AND GENE ACTIVATION, INDOOR AIR POLLUTION CAN CAUSE A RANGE OF HEALTH ISSUES. LOW BIRTH WEIGHT, ACUTE LOWER RESPIRATORY TRACT INFECTIONS, SICK BUILDING SYNDROMES (SBS), AND EARLY DEATH ARE MORE PREVALENT IN EXPOSED RESIDENTS. ON THE OTHER HAND, THE MAIN CAUSES OF INCAPACITY AND EARLY MORTALITY ARE LUNG CANCER, CHRONIC OBSTRUCTIVE PULMONARY DISEASE, AND CARDIOVASCULAR DISORDERS. IT'S CRUCIAL TO ACKNOWLEDGE ANTICIPATED RESEARCH NEEDS AND IMPLEMENTED EFFICIENT INTERVENTIONS AND POLICIES TO LOWER HEALTH HAZARDS.	2023	
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        
18  2605  11 EPIGENETICS-A POTENTIAL MEDIATOR BETWEEN AIR POLLUTION AND PRETERM BIRTH. PRETERM BIRTH IS A MAJOR CAUSE OF INFANT MORBIDITY AND MORTALITY AND A POTENTIAL RISK FACTOR FOR ADULT CHRONIC DISEASE. WITH OVER 15 MILLION INFANTS BORN PRETERM WORLDWIDE EACH YEAR, PRETERM BIRTH POSES A GLOBAL HEALTH CONCERN. THERE IS A POSSIBLE ASSOCIATION BETWEEN AIR POLLUTION AND PRETERM BIRTH, THOUGH STUDIES HAVE BEEN INCONSISTENT, LIKELY DUE TO VARIATION IN STUDY DESIGN. HOW AIR POLLUTION INDUCES HEALTH EFFECTS IS UNCERTAIN; HOWEVER, STUDIES HAVE REPEATEDLY DEMONSTRATED THE EFFECTS OF AIR POLLUTION ON EPIGENETIC MODIFICATIONS. MORE RECENT EVIDENCE SUGGESTS THAT EPIGENETICS MAY, IN TURN, BE LINKED TO PRETERM BIRTH. DISCOVERY OF ENVIRONMENTALLY MODIFIABLE EPIGENETIC PROCESSES CONNECTED TO PRETERM BIRTH MAY HELP TO IDENTIFY WOMEN AT RISK OF PRETERM BIRTH, AND ULTIMATELY LEAD TO DEVELOPMENT OF NEW PRETERM BIRTH PREVENTION MEASURES.	2016	
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          
19  6483  12 TOXIC STRESS, EPIGENETICS AND CHILD DEVELOPMENT. OBJECTIVES: TO DESCRIBE THE CONCEPT OF TOXIC STRESS, PRESENT THE BASICS OF EPIGENETICS AND DISCUSS THEIR RELATIONSHIP WITH CHILD DEVELOPMENT. DATA SOURCE: NARRATIVE LITERATURE REVIEW THROUGH A SEARCH IN THE SCIELO, LILACS, MEDLINE DATABASES USING THE TERMS ADVERSE CHILDHOOD EXPERIENCE OR EARLY LIFE STRESS, EPIGENOMIC OR EPIGENETIC, CHILD DEVELOPMENT OR INFANT DEVELOPMENT. DATA SYNTHESIS: CONTINUING STRESS RESPONSE, KNOWN AS TOXIC STRESS, CAN OCCUR WHEN A CHILD EXPERIENCES INTENSE, FREQUENT, AND/OR PROLONGED ADVERSITY-SUCH AS PHYSICAL OR EMOTIONAL ABUSE, CHRONIC NEGLECT, FOR EXAMPLE-WITHOUT ADEQUATE ADULT SUPPORT. THIS TOXIC STRESS CAN HAVE HARMFUL EFFECTS ON LEARNING, BEHAVIOR, AND HEALTH THROUGHOUT LIFE. EPIGENETICS, AN EMERGING SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH AREA?, SHOWS HOW ENVIRONMENTAL INFLUENCES AFFECT GENE EXPRESSIONS AND EXPLAINS HOW EARLY EXPERIENCES CAN IMPACT THROUGHOUT LIFE. CONCLUSIONS: TOXIC STRESS CAUSES CHANGES IN THE HUMAN BODY RESPONSE SYSTEMS THAT CAN BE EXPLAINED IN PART BY EPIGENETIC CHANGES, WHICH CAN BE TEMPORARY OR LONG-LASTING. PEDIATRICIANS MUST BE AWARE OF THESE MECHANISMS AND THEIR CONSEQUENCES, SEEKING TO PREVENT THEM AND THUS PROMOTE THE HEALTH, WELL-BEING, AND QUALITY OF LIFE OF CHILDREN, CONTRIBUTING TO THEIR FULL DEVELOPMENT.	2022	
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              
20  5169  13 PRECONCEPTIONAL STRESS AND RACIAL DISPARITIES IN PRETERM BIRTH: AN OVERVIEW. OBJECTIVE: WE REVIEWED THE EVIDENCE FOR THREE THEORIES OF HOW PRECONCEPTIONAL PSYCHOSOCIAL STRESS COULD ACT AS A CONTRIBUTING DETERMINANT OF EXCESS PRETERM BIRTH RISK AMONG AFRICAN AMERICAN WOMEN: EARLY LIFE DEVELOPMENTAL PLASTICITY AND EPIGENETIC PROGRAMMING OF ADULT NEUROENDOCRINE SYSTEMS; BLUNTING, WEATHERING, OR DYSFUNCTION OF NEUROENDOCRINE AND IMMUNE FUNCTION IN RESPONSE TO CHRONIC STRESS ACTIVATION THROUGH THE LIFE COURSE; INDIVIDUALS' ADOPTION OF RISKY BEHAVIORS SUCH AS SMOKING AS A RESPONSE TO STRESSFUL STIMULI. METHODS: BASIC SCIENCE, CLINICAL, AND EPIDEMIOLOGIC STUDIES INDEXED IN MEDLINE AND WEB OF SCIENCE DATABASES ON PRECONCEPTIONAL PSYCHOSOCIAL STRESS, PRETERM BIRTH AND RACE WERE REVIEWED. RESULTS: MIXED EVIDENCE LEANS TOWARDS MODEST ASSOCIATIONS BETWEEN PRECONCEPTIONAL CHRONIC STRESS AND PRETERM BIRTH (FOR EXAMPLE COMMON ODDS RATIOS OF 1.2-1.4), PARTICULARLY IN AFRICAN AMERICAN WOMEN, BUT IT IS UNCLEAR WHETHER THIS ASSOCIATION IS CAUSAL OR EXPLAINS A SUBSTANTIAL PORTION OF THE BLACK-WHITE RACIAL DISPARITY IN PRETERM BIRTH. THE STRESS-PRETERM BIRTH ASSOCIATION MAY BE MEDIATED BY HYPOTHALAMIC-PITUITARY-ADRENAL AXIS DYSFUNCTION AND SUSCEPTIBILITY TO BACTERIAL VAGINOSIS, ALTHOUGH THESE MECHANISMS ARE INCOMPLETELY UNDERSTOOD. EVIDENCE FOR THE ROLE OF EPIGENETIC OR EARLY LIFE PROGRAMMING AS A DETERMINANT OF RACIAL DISPARITIES IN PRETERM BIRTH RISK IS MORE CIRCUMSTANTIAL. CONCLUSIONS: PRECONCEPTIONAL STRESS, DIRECTLY OR IN INTERACTION WITH HOST GENETIC SUSCEPTIBILITY OR INFECTION, REMAINS AN IMPORTANT HYPOTHESIZED RISK FACTOR FOR UNDERSTANDING AND REDUCING RACIAL DISPARITIES IN PRETERM BIRTH. FUTURE STUDIES THAT INTEGRATE ADEQUATELY SIZED EPIDEMIOLOGIC SAMPLES WITH MEASURES OF STRESS, INFECTION, AND GENE EXPRESSION, WILL ADVANCE OUR KNOWLEDGE AND ALLOW DEVELOPMENT OF TARGETED INTERVENTIONS.	2011