1  6145 355 THE EXPANDING PHENOTYPES OF COHESINOPATHIES: ONE RING TO RULE THEM ALL! PRESERVATION AND DEVELOPMENT OF LIFE DEPEND ON THE ADEQUATE SEGREGATION OF SISTER CHROMATIDS DURING MITOSIS AND MEIOSIS. THIS PROCESS IS ENSURED BY THE COHESIN MULTI-SUBUNIT COMPLEX. MUTATIONS IN THIS COMPLEX HAVE BEEN ASSOCIATED WITH AN INCREASING NUMBER OF DISEASES, TERMED COHESINOPATHIES. THE BEST CHARACTERIZED COHESINOPATHY IS CORNELIA DE LANGE SYNDROME (CDLS), IN WHICH INTELLECTUAL AND GROWTH RETARDATIONS ARE THE MAIN PHENOTYPIC MANIFESTATIONS. DESPITE SOME OVERLAP, THE CLINICAL MANIFESTATIONS OF COHESINOPATHIES VARY CONSIDERABLY. NOVEL ROLES OF THE COHESIN COMPLEX HAVE EMERGED DURING THE PAST DECADES, SUGGESTING THAT IMPORTANT CELL CYCLE REGULATORS EXERT IMPORTANT BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS THROUGH NON-COHESION-RELATED FUNCTIONS AND BROADENING THE POTENTIAL PATHOMECHANISMS INVOLVED IN COHESINOPATHIES. THIS REVIEW FOCUSES ON NON-COHESION-RELATED FUNCTIONS OF THE COHESIN COMPLEX, GENE DOSAGE EFFECT, EPIGENETIC REGULATION AND TGF-BETA IN COHESINOPATHY CONTEXT, ESPECIALLY IN COMPARISON TO CHRONIC ATRIAL AND INTESTINAL DYSRHYTHMIA (CAID) SYNDROME, A VERY DISTINCT COHESINOPATHY CAUSED BY A HOMOZYGOUS SHUGOSHIN-1 (SGO1) MUTATION (K23E) AND CHARACTERIZED BY PACEMAKER FAILURE IN BOTH HEART (SICK SINUS SYNDROME FOLLOWED BY ATRIAL FLUTTER) AND GUT (CHRONIC INTESTINAL PSEUDO-OBSTRUCTION) WITH NO INTELLECTUAL OR GROWTH DELAY. WE DISCUSS THE POSSIBLE IMPACT OF SGO1 ALTERATIONS IN HUMAN PATHOLOGIES AND THE POTENTIAL IMPACT OF THE SGO1 K23E MUTATION IN THE SINUS NODE AND GUT DEVELOPMENT AND FUNCTIONS. WE SUGGEST THAT THE HUMAN PHENOTYPES OBSERVED IN CDLS, CAID SYNDROME AND OTHER COHESINOPATHIES CAN INFORM FUTURE STUDIES INTO THE LESS WELL-KNOWN NON-COHESION-RELATED FUNCTIONS OF COHESIN COMPLEX GENES. ABBREVIATIONS: AD: ALZHEIMER DISEASE; AFF4: AF4/FMR2 FAMILY MEMBER 4; ANKRD11: ANKYRIN REPEAT DOMAIN 11; APC: ANAPHASE PROMOTER COMPLEX; ASD: ATRIAL SEPTAL DEFECT; ATRX: ATRX CHROMATIN REMODELER; ATRX: ALPHA THALASSEMIA X-LINKED INTELLECTUAL DISABILITY SYNDROME; BIRC5: BACULOVIRAL IAP REPEAT CONTAINING 5; BMP: BONE MORPHOGENETIC PROTEIN; BRD4: BROMODOMAIN CONTAINING 4; BUB1: BUB1 MITOTIC CHECKPOINT SERINE/THREONINE KINASE; CAID: CHRONIC ATRIAL AND INTESTINAL DYSRHYTHMIA; CDK1: CYCLIN DEPENDENT KINASE 1; CDLS: CORNELIA DE LANGE SYNDROME; CHD: CONGENITAL HEART DISEASE; CHOPS: COGNITIVE IMPAIRMENT, COARSE FACIES, HEART DEFECTS, OBESITY, PULMONARY INVOLVEMENT, SHORT STATURE, AND SKELETAL DYSPLASIA; CIPO: CHRONIC INTESTINAL PSEUDO-OBSTRUCTION; C-KIT: KIT PROTO-ONCOGENE RECEPTOR TYROSINE KINASE; COATS: COHESIN ACETYLTRANSFERASES; CTCF: CCCTC-BINDING FACTOR; DDX11: DEAD/H-BOX HELICASE 11; ERG: TRANSCRIPTIONAL REGULATOR ERG; ESCO2: ESTABLISHMENT OF SISTER CHROMATID COHESION N-ACETYLTRANSFERASE 2; GJC1: GAP JUNCTION PROTEIN GAMMA 1; H2A: HISTONE H2A; H3K4: HISTONE H3 LYSINE 4; H3K9: HISTONE H3 LYSINE 9; HCN4: HYPERPOLARIZATION ACTIVATED CYCLIC NUCLEOTIDE GATED POTASSIUM AND SODIUM CHANNEL 4;P HDAC8: HISTONE DEACETYLASES 8; HP1: HETEROCHROMATIN PROTEIN 1; ICC: INTERSTITIAL CELLS OF CAJAL; ICC-MP: MYENTERIC PLEXUS INTERSTITIAL CELLS OF CAJAL; ICC-DMP: DEEP MUSCULAR PLEXUS INTERSTITIAL CELLS OF CAJAL; I(F): PACEMAKER FUNNY CURRENT; IP3: INOSITOL TRISPHOSPHATE; JNK: C-JUN N-TERMINAL KINASE; LDS: LOEYS-DIETZ SYNDROME; LOAD: LATE-ONSET ALZHEIMER DISEASE; MAPK: MITOGEN-ACTIVATED PROTEIN KINASE; MAU: MAU SISTER CHROMATID COHESION FACTOR; MFS: MARFAN SYNDROME; NIPBL: NIPBL, COHESIN LOADING FACTOR; OCT4: OCTAMER-BINDING PROTEIN 4; P38: P38 MAP KINASE; PDA: PATENT DUCTUS ARTERIOSUS; PDS5: PDS5 COHESIN ASSOCIATED FACTOR; P-H3: PHOSPHO HISTONE H3; PLK1: POLO LIKE KINASE 1; POPDC1: POPEYE DOMAIN CONTAINING 1; POPDC2: POPEYE DOMAIN CONTAINING 2; PP2A: PROTEIN PHOSPHATASE 2; RAD21: RAD21 COHESIN COMPLEX COMPONENT; RBS: ROBERTS SYNDROME; REC8: REC8 MEIOTIC RECOMBINATION PROTEIN; RNAP2: RNA POLYMERASE II; SAN: SINOATRIAL NODE; SCN5A: SODIUM VOLTAGE-GATED CHANNEL ALPHA SUBUNIT 5; SEC: SUPER ELONGATION COMPLEX; SGO1: SHOGOSHIN-1; SMAD: SMAD FAMILY MEMBER; SMC1A: STRUCTURAL MAINTENANCE OF CHROMOSOMES 1A; SMC3: STRUCTURAL MAINTENANCE OF CHROMOSOMES 3; SNV: SINGLE NUCLEOTIDE VARIANT; SOX2: SRY-BOX 2; SOX17: SRY-BOX 17; SSS: SICK SINUS SYNDROME; STAG2: COHESIN SUBUNIT SA-2; TADS: TOPOLOGY ASSOCIATED DOMAINS; TBX: T-BOX TRANSCRIPTION FACTORS; TGF-BETA: TRANSFORMING GROWTH FACTOR BETA; TGFBR: TRANSFORMING GROWTH FACTOR BETA RECEPTOR; TOF: TETRALOGY OF FALLOT; TREK1: TREK-1 K(+) CHANNEL SUBUNIT; VSD: VENTRICULAR SEPTAL DEFECT; WABS: WARSAW BREAKAGE SYNDROME; WAPL: WAPL COHESIN RELEASE FACTOR.	2019	
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    
2  4484  53 MOLECULAR SIGNATURE OF CAID SYNDROME: NONCANONICAL ROLES OF SGO1 IN REGULATION OF TGF-BETA SIGNALING AND EPIGENOMICS. BACKGROUND & AIMS: A GENERALIZED HUMAN PACEMAKING SYNDROME, CHRONIC ATRIAL AND INTESTINAL DYSRHYTHMIA (CAID) (OMIM 616201), IS CAUSED BY A HOMOZYGOUS SGO1 MUTATION (K23E), LEADING TO CHRONIC INTESTINAL PSEUDO-OBSTRUCTION AND ARRHYTHMIAS. BECAUSE CAID PATIENTS DO NOT SHOW PHENOTYPES CONSISTENT WITH PERTURBATION OF KNOWN ROLES OF SGO1, WE HYPOTHESIZED THAT NONCANONICAL ROLES OF SGO1 DRIVE THE CLINICAL MANIFESTATIONS OBSERVED. METHODS: TO IDENTIFY A MOLECULAR SIGNATURE FOR CAID SYNDROME, WE ACHIEVED UNBIASED SCREENS IN CELL LINES AND GUT TISSUES FROM CAID PATIENTS VS WILD-TYPE CONTROLS. WE PERFORMED RNA SEQUENCING ALONG WITH STABLE ISOTOPE LABELING WITH AMINO ACIDS IN CELL CULTURE. IN ADDITION, WE DETERMINED THE GENOME-WIDE DNA METHYLATION AND CHROMATIN ACCESSIBILITY SIGNATURES USING REDUCED REPRESENTATIVE BISULFITE SEQUENCING AND ASSAY FOR TRANSPOSASE-ACCESSIBLE CHROMATIN WITH HIGH-THROUGHPUT SEQUENCING. FUNCTIONAL STUDIES INCLUDED PATCH-CLAMP, QUANTITATION OF TRANSFORMING GROWTH FACTOR-BETA (TGF-BETA) SIGNALING, AND IMMUNOHISTOCHEMISTRY IN CAID PATIENT GUT BIOPSY SPECIMENS. RESULTS: PROTEOME AND TRANSCRIPTOME STUDIES CONVERGE ON CELL-CYCLE REGULATION, CARDIAC CONDUCTION, AND SMOOTH MUSCLE REGULATION AS DRIVERS OF CAID SYNDROME. SPECIFICALLY, THE INWARD RECTIFIER CURRENT, AN IMPORTANT REGULATOR OF CELLULAR FUNCTION, WAS DISRUPTED. IMMUNOHISTOCHEMISTRY CONFIRMED OVEREXPRESSION OF BUDDING UNINHIBITED BY BENZIMIDAZOLES 1 (BUB1) IN PATIENTS, IMPLICATING THE TGF-BETA PATHWAY IN CAID PATHOGENESIS. CANONICAL TGF-BETA SIGNALING WAS UP-REGULATED AND UNCOUPLED FROM NONCANONICAL SIGNALING IN CAID PATIENTS. REDUCED REPRESENTATIVE BISULFITE SEQUENCING AND ASSAY FOR TRANSPOSASE-ACCESSIBLE CHROMATIN WITH HIGH-THROUGHPUT SEQUENCING EXPERIMENTS SHOWED SIGNIFICANT CHANGES OF CHROMATIN STATES IN CAID, POINTING TO EPIGENETIC REGULATION AS A POSSIBLE PATHOLOGIC MECHANISM. CONCLUSIONS: OUR FINDINGS POINT TO IMPAIRED INWARD RECTIFIER POTASSIUM CURRENT, DYSREGULATION OF CANONICAL TGF-BETA SIGNALING, AND EPIGENETIC REGULATION AS POTENTIAL DRIVERS OF INTESTINAL AND CARDIAC MANIFESTATIONS OF CAID SYNDROME. TRANSCRIPT PROFILING AND GENOMICS DATA ARE AS FOLLOWS: REPOSITORY URL: HTTPS://WWW.NCBI.NLM.NIH.GOV/GEO; SUPERSERIES GSE110612 WAS COMPOSED OF THE FOLLOWING SUBSERIES: GSE110309, GSE110576, AND GSE110601.	2019	
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              
3   514  29 ASSOCIATION OF SHMT1, MAZ, ERG, AND L3MBTL3 GENE POLYMORPHISMS WITH SUSCEPTIBILITY TO MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS. MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS (MS) IS THE MOST COMMON INFLAMMATORY AND CHRONIC DISEASE OF THE CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM (CNS). A COMPLEX INTERACTION BETWEEN GENETIC, ENVIRONMENTAL, AND EPIGENETIC FACTORS IS INVOLVED IN THE PATHOGENESIS OF MS. WITH THE ADVANCEMENT OF GWAS, VARIOUS VARIANTS ASSOCIATED WITH MS HAVE BEEN IDENTIFIED. THIS STUDY AIMED TO EVALUATE THE ASSOCIATION OF SINGLE-NUCLEOTIDE POLYMORPHISMS (SNPS) RS4925166 AND RS1979277 IN THE SHMT1, MAZ RS34286592, ERG RS2836425, AND L3MBTL3 RS4364506 WITH MS. IN THIS CASE-CONTROL STUDY, THE ASSOCIATION OF FIVE SNPS IN SHMT1, MAZ, ERG, AND L3MBTL3 GENES WITH RELAPSING-REMITTING MS (RR-MS) WAS INVESTIGATED IN 190 PATIENTS AND 200 HEALTHY INDIVIDUALS. FOUR SNPS INCLUDING SHMT1 RS4925166, SHMT1 RS1979277, MAZ RS34286592, AND L3MBTL3 RS4364506 WERE GENOTYPED USING PCR-RFLP AND GENOTYPING OF ERG RS2836425 WAS PERFORMED BY TETRA-PRIMER ARMS PCR. OUR FINDINGS SHOWED A SIGNIFICANT DIFFERENCE IN THE ALLELIC FREQUENCIES FOR THE FOUR SNPS OF SHMT1 RS4925166, SHMT1 RS1979277, MAZ RS34286592, AND ERG RS2836425, WHILE THERE WERE NO DIFFERENCES IN THE ALLELE AND GENOTYPE FREQUENCIES FOR L3MBTL3 RS4364506. THESE SIGNIFICANT ASSOCIATIONS WERE OBSERVED FOR THE FOLLOWING GENOTYPES: TT AND GG GENOTYPES OF SHMT1 RS4925166 (OR 0.47 AND 1.90, RESPECTIVELY) GENOTYPE GG OF SHMT1 RS1979277 (OR 0.63), GENOTYPE GG OF MAZ RS34286592 (OR 0.61), TC AND CC GENOTYPES OF ERG RS2836425 (OR 1.89 AND 0.50, RESPECTIVELY). OUR STUDY HIGHLIGHTED THAT PEOPLE WHO ARE CARRYING GENOTYPES INCLUDING GG (SHMT1 RS4925166) AND TC (ERG RS2836425) HAVE THE HIGHEST SUSCEPTIBILITY CHANCE FOR MS, RESPECTIVELY. HOWEVER, GENOTYPES TT (SHMT1 RS4925166), CC (ERG RS2836425), GG (MAZ RS34286592), AND GG (SHMT1 RS1979277) HAD THE HIGHEST NEGATIVE ASSOCIATION (PROTECTIVE EFFECT) WITH MS, RESPECTIVELY. L3MBTL3 RS4364506 WAS FOUND NEITHER AS A PREDISPOSING NOR A PROTECTIVE VARIANT.	2019	
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        
4  1092  45 COHESIN MUTATIONS IN MYELOID MALIGNANCIES. COHESIN IS A MULTISUBUNIT PROTEIN COMPLEX THAT FORMS A RING-LIKE STRUCTURE AROUND DNA. IT IS ESSENTIAL FOR SISTER CHROMATID COHESION, CHROMATIN ORGANIZATION, TRANSCRIPTIONAL REGULATION, AND DNA DAMAGE REPAIR AND PLAYS A MAJOR ROLE IN DYNAMICALLY SHAPING THE GENOME ARCHITECTURE AND MAINTAINING DNA INTEGRITY. THE CORE COMPLEX SUBUNITS STAG2, RAD21, SMC1, AND SMC3, AS WELL AS ITS MODULATORS PDS5A/B, WAPL, AND NIPBL, HAVE BEEN FOUND TO BE RECURRENTLY MUTATED IN HEMATOLOGIC AND SOLID MALIGNANCIES. THESE MUTATIONS ARE FOUND ACROSS THE FULL SPECTRUM OF MYELOID NEOPLASIA, INCLUDING PEDIATRIC DOWN SYNDROME-ASSOCIATED ACUTE MEGAKARYOBLASTIC LEUKEMIA, MYELODYSPLASTIC SYNDROMES, CHRONIC MYELOMONOCYTIC LEUKEMIA, AND DE NOVO AND SECONDARY ACUTE MYELOID LEUKEMIAS. THE MECHANISMS BY WHICH COHESIN MUTATIONS ACT AS DRIVERS OF CLONAL EXPANSION AND DISEASE PROGRESSION ARE STILL POORLY UNDERSTOOD. RECENT STUDIES HAVE DESCRIBED THE IMPACT OF COHESIN ALTERATIONS ON SELF-RENEWAL AND DIFFERENTIATION OF HEMATOPOIETIC STEM AND PROGENITOR CELLS, WHICH ARE ASSOCIATED WITH CHANGES IN CHROMATIN AND EPIGENETIC STATE DIRECTING LINEAGE COMMITMENT, AS WELL AS GENOMIC INTEGRITY. HEREIN, WE REVIEW THE ROLE OF THE COHESIN COMPLEX IN HEALTHY AND MALIGNANT HEMATOPOIESIS. WE DISCUSS CLINICAL IMPLICATIONS OF COHESIN MUTATIONS IN MYELOID MALIGNANCIES AND DISCUSS OPPORTUNITIES FOR THERAPEUTIC TARGETING.	2021	
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  
5  1709  29 DYSFUNCTIONAL ERG SIGNALING DRIVES PULMONARY VASCULAR AGING AND PERSISTENT FIBROSIS. VASCULAR DYSFUNCTION IS A HALLMARK OF CHRONIC DISEASES IN ELDERLY. THE CONTRIBUTION OF THE VASCULATURE TO LUNG REPAIR AND FIBROSIS IS NOT FULLY UNDERSTOOD. HERE, WE PERFORMED AN EPIGENETIC AND TRANSCRIPTIONAL ANALYSIS OF LUNG ENDOTHELIAL CELLS (ECS) FROM YOUNG AND AGED MICE DURING THE RESOLUTION OR PROGRESSION OF BLEOMYCIN-INDUCED LUNG FIBROSIS. WE IDENTIFIED THE TRANSCRIPTION FACTOR ETS-RELATED GENE (ERG) AS PUTATIVE ORCHESTRATOR OF LUNG CAPILLARY HOMEOSTASIS AND REPAIR, AND WHOSE FUNCTION IS DYSREGULATED IN AGING. ERG DYSREGULATION IS ASSOCIATED WITH REDUCED CHROMATIN ACCESSIBILITY AND MALADAPTIVE TRANSCRIPTIONAL RESPONSES TO INJURY. LOSS OF ENDOTHELIAL ERG ENHANCES PARACRINE FIBROBLAST ACTIVATION IN VITRO, AND IMPAIRS LUNG FIBROSIS RESOLUTION IN YOUNG MICE IN VIVO. SCRNA-SEQ OF ERG DEFICIENT MOUSE LUNGS REVEALES TRANSCRIPTIONAL AND FIBROGENIC ABNORMALITIES RESEMBLING THOSE ASSOCIATED WITH AGING AND HUMAN LUNG FIBROSIS, INCLUDING REDUCED NUMBER OF GENERAL CAPILLARY (GCAP) ECS. OUR FINDINGS DEMONSTRATE THAT LUNG ENDOTHELIAL CHROMATIN REMODELING DETERIORATES WITH AGING LEADING TO ABNORMAL TRANSCRIPTION, VASCULAR DYSREPAIR, AND PERSISTENT FIBROSIS FOLLOWING INJURY.	2022	
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                
6  6569  40 TRANSPLANTATION OF EPIGENETICALLY MODIFIED ADULT CARDIAC C-KIT+ CELLS RETARDS REMODELING AND IMPROVES CARDIAC FUNCTION IN ISCHEMIC HEART FAILURE MODEL. CARDIAC C-KIT+ CELLS HAVE A MODEST CARDIOGENIC POTENTIAL THAT COULD LIMIT THEIR EFFICACY IN HEART DISEASE TREATMENT. THE PRESENT STUDY WAS DESIGNED TO AUGMENT THE CARDIOGENIC POTENTIAL OF CARDIAC C-KIT+ CELLS THROUGH CLASS I HISTONE DEACETYLASE (HDAC) INHIBITION AND EVALUATE THEIR THERAPEUTIC POTENCY IN THE CHRONIC HEART FAILURE (CHF) ANIMAL MODEL. MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION (MI) WAS CREATED BY CORONARY ARTERY OCCLUSION IN RATS. C-KIT+ CELLS WERE TREATED WITH MOCETINOSTAT (MOCE), A SPECIFIC CLASS I HDAC INHIBITOR. AT 3 WEEKS AFTER MI, CHF ANIMALS WERE RETROGRADELY INFUSED WITH UNTREATED (CONTROL) OR MOCE-TREATED C-KIT+ CELLS (MOCE/C-KIT+ CELLS) AND EVALUATED AT 3 WEEKS AFTER CELL INFUSION. WE FOUND THAT CLASS I HDAC INHIBITION IN C-KIT+ CELLS ELEVATED THE LEVEL OF ACETYLATED HISTONE H3 (ACH3) AND INCREASED ACH3 LEVELS IN THE PROMOTER REGIONS OF PLURIPOTENT AND CARDIAC-SPECIFIC GENES. EPIGENETIC CHANGES WERE ACCOMPANIED BY INCREASED EXPRESSION OF CARDIAC-SPECIFIC MARKERS. TRANSPLANTATION OF CHF RATS WITH EITHER CONTROL OR MOCE/C-KIT+ CELLS RESULTED IN AN IMPROVEMENT IN CARDIAC FUNCTION, RETARDATION OF CHF REMODELING MADE EVIDENT BY INCREASED VASCULARIZATION AND SCAR SIZE, AND CARDIOMYOCYTE HYPERTROPHY REDUCTION. COMPARED WITH CHF INFUSED WITH CONTROL CELLS, INFUSION OF MOCE/C-KIT+ CELLS RESULTED IN A FURTHER REDUCTION IN LEFT VENTRICLE END-DIASTOLIC PRESSURE AND TOTAL COLLAGEN AND AN INCREASE IN INTERLEUKIN-6 EXPRESSION. THE LOW ENGRAFTMENT OF INFUSED CELLS SUGGESTS THAT PARACRINE EFFECTS MIGHT ACCOUNT FOR THE BENEFICIAL EFFECTS OF C-KIT+ CELLS IN CHF. IN CONCLUSION, SELECTIVE INHIBITION OF CLASS I HDACS INDUCED EXPRESSION OF CARDIAC MARKERS IN C-KIT+ CELLS AND PARTIALLY AUGMENTED THE EFFICACY OF THESE CELLS FOR CHF REPAIR. SIGNIFICANCE: THE STUDY HAS SHOWN THAT SELECTIVE CLASS 1 HISTONE DEACETYLASE INHIBITION IS SUFFICIENT TO REDIRECT C-KIT+ CELLS TOWARD A CARDIAC FATE. EPIGENETICALLY MODIFIED C-KIT+ CELLS IMPROVED CONTRACTILE FUNCTION AND RETARDED REMODELING OF THE CONGESTIVE HEART FAILURE HEART. THIS STUDY PROVIDES NEW INSIGHTS INTO THE EFFICACY OF CARDIAC C-KIT+ CELLS IN THE ISCHEMIC HEART FAILURE MODEL.	2015	
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                
7  2326  29 EPIGENETIC REGULATION OF HOTAIR IN ADVANCED CHRONIC MYELOID LEUKEMIA. PURPOSE: CHRONIC MYELOID LEUKEMIA (CML) ACCOUNTS FOR ~10% OF LEUKEMIA CASES, AND ITS PROGRESSION INVOLVES EPIGENETIC GENE REGULATION. THIS STUDY INVESTIGATED EPIGENETIC REGULATION OF HOTAIR AND ITS TARGET MICRORNA, MIR-143, IN ADVANCED CML. PATIENTS AND METHODS: WE FIRST ISOLATED BONE MARROW MONONUCLEAR CELLS FROM 70 PATIENTS WITH DIFFERENT PHASES OF CML AND FROM HEALTHY DONORS AS NORMAL CONTROL; WE ALSO CULTURED K562 AND KCL22 CELLS, TREATED WITH DEMETHYLATION DRUG; MTT ASSAY, FLOW CYTOMETRY, QUANTITATIVE REAL-TIME POLYMERASE CHAIN REACTION (QPCR), METHYLATION-SPECIFIC POLYMERASE CHAIN REACTION (MSP), WESTERN BLOT, LUCIFERASE ASSAY, RNA PULL-DOWN ASSAY AND RNA-BINDING PROTEIN IMMUNOPRECIPITATION (RIP) ASSAY WERE PERFORMED. RESULT: AS MEASURED BY QPCR, HOTAIR EXPRESSION IN K562 CELLS, KCL22 CELLS, AND SAMPLES FROM CASES OF ADVANCED-STAGE CML INCREASED WITH LEVELS OF SEVERAL DNA METHYLTRANSFERASES AND HISTONE DEACETYLATES, INCLUDING DNMT1, DNMT3A, HDAC1, EZH2, AND LSD1, AND MIR-143 LEVELS WERE DECREASED AND HOTAIR LEVELS WERE INCREASED. TREATMENT WITH 5-AZACYTIDINE, A DNA METHYLATION INHIBITOR, DECREASED DNMT1, DNMT3A, HDAC1, EZH2, LSD1 MRNA, PROTEIN LEVELS, AND HOTAIR MRNA LEVELS BUT INCREASED MIR-143 LEVELS. HOTAIR KNOCKDOWN AND MIR-143 OVEREXPRESSION BOTH INHIBITED PROLIFERATION AND PROMOTED APOPTOSIS IN KCL22 AND K562 CELLS THROUGH THE PI3K/AKT PATHWAY. RNA PULL-DOWN, MASS SPECTROMETRY, AND RIP ASSAYS SHOWED THAT HOTAIR INTERACTED WITH EZH2 AND LSD1. A DUAL-LUCIFERASE ASSAY DEMONSTRATED THAT HOTAIR INTERACTED WITH MIR-143. CONCLUSION: OUR FINDINGS DEMONSTRATE THE KEY EPIGENETIC INTERACTIONS OF HOTAIR RELATED TO CML PROGRESSION AND SUGGEST HOTAIR AS A POTENTIAL THERAPEUTIC TARGET FOR ADVANCED CML. FURTHERMORE, OUR RESULTS SUPPORT THE USE OF DEMETHYLATION DRUGS AS A CML TREATMENT STRATEGY.	2018	
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                
8  2969  90 GENETIC AND EPIGENETIC REGULATION OF THE INNATE IMMUNE RESPONSE TO GOUT. GOUT IS A DISEASE CAUSED BY URIC ACID (UA) ACCUMULATION IN THE JOINTS, CAUSING INFLAMMATION. TWO UA FORMS - MONOSODIUM URATE (MSU) AND SOLUBLE URIC ACID (SUA) HAVE BEEN SHOWN TO INTERACT PHYSICALLY WITH INFLAMMASOMES, ESPECIALLY WITH THE NOD-LIKE RECEPTOR (NLR) FAMILY PYRIN DOMAIN CONTAINING 3 (NLRP3), ALBEIT THE ROLE OF THE IMMUNE RESPONSE TO UA IS POORLY UNDERSTOOD, GIVEN THAT ASYMPTOMATIC HYPERURICEMIA DOES ALSO EXIST. MACROPHAGE PHAGOCYTOSIS OF UA ACTIVATE NLRP3, LEAD TO CYTOKINES RELEASE, AND ULTIMATELY, LEAD TO CHEMOATTRACT NEUTROPHILS AND LYMPHOCYTES TO THE GOUT FLARE JOINT SPOT. GENETIC VARIANTS OF INFLAMMASOME GENES AND OF GENES ENCODING THEIR MOLECULAR PARTNERS MAY INFLUENCE HYPERURICEMIA AND GOUT SUSCEPTIBILITY, WHILE ALSO INFLUENCING OTHER COMORBIDITIES SUCH AS METABOLIC SYNDROME AND CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASES. IN THIS REVIEW, WE SUMMARIZE THE INFLAMMATORY RESPONSES IN ACUTE AND CHRONIC GOUT, SPECIFICALLY FOCUSING ON INNATE IMMUNE CELL MECHANISMS AND GENETIC AND EPIGENETIC CHARACTERISTICS OF PARTICIPATING MOLECULES. UNPRECEDENTLY, A NOVEL UA BINDING PROTEIN - THE NEURONAL APOPTOSIS INHIBITOR PROTEIN (NAIP) - IS SUGGESTED AS RESPONSIBLE FOR THE ASYMPTOMATIC HYPERURICEMIA PARADOX.ABBREVIATION: BETA2-INTEGRINS: LEUKOCYTE-SPECIFIC ADHESION MOLECULES; ABCG2: ATP-BINDING CASSETE FAMILY/BREAST CANCER-RESISTANT PROTEIN; ACR: AMERICAN COLLEGE OF RHEUMATOLOGY; AIM2: ABSENT IN MELANOMA 2, TYPE OF PATTERN RECOGNITION RECEPTOR; ALPK1: ALPHA-PROTEIN KINASE 1; ANGPTL2: ANGIOPOIETIN-LIKE PROTEIN 2; ASC: APOPTOSIS-ASSOCIATED SPECK-LIKE PROTEIN; BIR: BACULOVIRUS INHIBITOR OF APOPTOSIS PROTEIN REPEAT; BIRC1: BACULOVIRUS IAP REPEAT-CONTAINING PROTEIN 1; BIRC2: BACULOVIRAL IAP REPEAT-CONTAINING PROTEIN 2; C5A: COMPLEMENT ANAPHYLATOXIN; CAMP: CYCLIC ADENOSINE MONOPHOSPHATE; CARD: CASPASE ACTIVATION AND RECRUITMENT DOMAINS; CARD8: CASPASE RECRUITMENT DOMAIN-CONTAINING PROTEIN 8; CASP1: CASPASE 1; CCL3: CHEMOKINE (C-C MOTIF) LIGAND 3; CD14: CLUSTER OF DIFFERENTIATION 14; CD44: CLUSTER OF DIFFERENTIATION 44; CG05102552: DNA-METHYLATION SITE, USUALLY CYTOSINE FOLLOWED BY GUANINE NUCLEOTIDES; CONTAINS ARBITRARY IDENTIFICATION CODE; CIDEC: CELL DEATH-INDUCING DNA FRAGMENTATION FACTOR-LIKE EFFECTOR FAMILY; CKD: CHRONIC KIDNEY DISEASE; CNV: COPY NUMBER VARIATION; CPT1A: CARNITINE PALMITOYL TRANSFERASE - TYPE 1A; CXCL1: CHEMOKINE (CXC MOTIF) LIGAND 1; DAMPS: DAMAGE ASSOCIATED MOLECULAR PATTERNS; DC: DENDRITIC CELLS; DNMT(1): MAINTENANCE DNA METHYLTRANSFERASE; EQTL: EXPRESSION QUANTITATIVE TRAIT LOCI; ERK1: EXTRACELLULAR SIGNAL-REGULATED KINASE 1; ERK2: EXTRACELLULAR SIGNAL-REGULATED KINASE 2; EULAR: EUROPEAN LEAGUE AGAINST RHEUMATISM; GMCSF: GRANULOCYTE-MACROPHAGE COLONY-STIMULATING FACTOR; GWAS: GLOBAL WIDE ASSOCIATION STUDIES; H3K27ME3: TRI-METHYLATION AT THE 27TH LYSINE RESIDUE OF THE HISTONE H3 PROTEIN; H3K4ME1: MONO-METHYLATION AT THE 4TH LYSINE RESIDUE OF THE HISTONE H3 PROTEIN; H3K4ME3: TRI-METHYLATION AT THE 4TH LYSINE RESIDUE OF THE HISTONE H3 PROTEIN; HOTAIR: HUMAN GENE LOCATED BETWEEN HOXC11 AND HOXC12 ON CHROMOSOME 12; IKAPPABALPHA: CYTOPLASMATIC PROTEIN/NF-KAPPAB TRANSCRIPTION INHIBITOR; IAP: INHIBITORY APOPTOSIS PROTEIN; IFNGAMMA: INTERFERON GAMMA; IL-1BETA: INTERLEUKIN 1 BETA; IL-12: INTERLEUKIN 12; IL-17: INTERLEUKIN 17; IL18: INTERLEUKIN 18; IL1R1: INTERLEUKIN-1 RECEPTOR; IL-1RA: INTERLEUKIN-1 RECEPTOR ANTAGONIST; IL-22: INTERLEUKIN 22; IL-23: INTERLEUKIN 23; IL23R: INTERLEUKIN 23 RECEPTOR; IL-33: INTERLEUKIN 33; IL-6: INTERLEUKIN 6; IMP: INOSINE MONOPHOSPHATE; INSIG1: INSULIN-INDUCED GENE 1; JNK1: C-JUN N-TERMINAL KINASE 1; LNCRNA: LONG NON-CODING RIBONUCLEIC ACID; LRR: LEUCINE-RICH REPEATS; MIR: MATURE NON-CODING MICRORNAS MEASURING FROM 20 TO 24 NUCLEOTIDES, ANIMAL ORIGIN; MIR-1: MIR FOLLOWED BY ARBITRARY IDENTIFICATION CODE; MIR-145: MIR FOLLOWED BY ARBITRARY IDENTIFICATION CODE; MIR-146A: MIR FOLLOWED BY ARBITRARY IDENTIFICATION CODE, "A" STANDS FOR MIR FAMILY; "A" FAMILY PRESENTS SIMILAR MIR SEQUENCE TO "B" FAMILY, BUT DIFFERENT PRECURSORS; MIR-20B: MIR FOLLOWED BY ARBITRARY IDENTIFICATION CODE; "B" STANDS FOR MIR FAMILY; "B" FAMILY PRESENTS SIMILAR MIR SEQUENCE TO "A" FAMILY, BUT DIFFERENT PRECURSORS; MIR-221: MIR - FOLLOWED BY ARBITRARY IDENTIFICATION CODE; MIR-221-5P: MIR FOLLOWED BY ARBITRARY IDENTIFICATION CODE; "5P" INDICATES DIFFERENT MATURE MIRNAS GENERATED FROM THE 5' ARM OF THE PRE-MIRNA HAIRPIN; MIR-223: MIR FOLLOWED BY ARBITRARY IDENTIFICATION CODE; MIR-223-3P: MIR FOLLOWED BY ARBITRARY IDENTIFICATION CODE; "3P" INDICATES DIFFERENT MATURE MIRNAS GENERATED FROM THE 3' ARM OF THE PRE-MIRNA HAIRPIN; MIR-22-3P: MIR FOLLOWED BY ARBITRARY IDENTIFICATION CODE, "3P" INDICATES DIFFERENT MATURE MIRNAS GENERATED FROM THE 3' ARM OF THE PRE-MIRNA HAIRPIN; MLKL: MIXED LINEAGE KINASE DOMAIN-LIKE PSEUDO KINASE; MM2P: INDUCTOR OF M2-MACROPHAGE POLARIZATION; MSU: MONOSODIUM URATE; MTOR: MAMMALIAN TARGET OF RAPAMYCIN; MYD88: MYELOID DIFFERENTIATION PRIMARY RESPONSE 88; N-3-PUFAS: N-3-POLYUNSATURATED FATTY-ACIDS; NACHT: ACRONYM FOR NAIP (NEURONAL APOPTOSIS INHIBITOR PROTEIN), C2TA (MHC CLASS 2 TRANSCRIPTION ACTIVATOR), HET-E (INCOMPATIBILITY LOCUS PROTEIN FROM PODOSPORA ANSERINA) AND TP1 (TELOMERASE-ASSOCIATED PROTEIN); NAIP: NEURONAL APOPTOSIS INHIBITORY PROTEIN (HUMAN); NAIP1: NEURONAL APOPTOSIS INHIBITORY PROTEIN TYPE 1 (MURINE); NAIP5: NEURONAL APOPTOSIS INHIBITORY PROTEIN TYPE 5 (MURINE); NAIP6: NEURONAL APOPTOSIS INHIBITORY PROTEIN TYPE 6 (MURINE); NBD: NUCLEOTIDE-BINDING DOMAIN; NEK7: SMALLEST NIMA-RELATED KINASE; NET: NEUTROPHIL EXTRACELLULAR TRAPS; NF-KAPPAB: NUCLEAR FACTOR KAPPA-LIGHT-CHAIN-ENHANCER OF ACTIVATED B CELLS; NFIL3: NUCLEAR-FACTOR, INTERLEUKIN 3 REGULATED PROTEIN; NIIMA: NETWORK OF IMMUNITY IN INFECTION, MALIGNANCY, AND AUTOIMMUNITY; NLR: NOD-LIKE RECEPTOR; NLRA: NOD-LIKE RECEPTOR NLRA CONTAINING ACIDIC DOMAIN; NLRB: NOD-LIKE RECEPTOR NLRA CONTAINING BIR DOMAIN; NLRC: NOD-LIKE RECEPTOR NLRA CONTAINING CARD DOMAIN; NLRC4: NOD-LIKE RECEPTOR FAMILY CARD DOMAIN CONTAINING 4; NLRP: NOD-LIKE RECEPTOR NLRA CONTAINING PYD DOMAIN; NLRP1: NUCLEOTIDE-BINDING OLIGOMERIZATION DOMAIN, LEUCINE-RICH REPEAT, AND PYRIN DOMAIN CONTAINING 1; NLRP12: NUCLEOTIDE-BINDING OLIGOMERIZATION DOMAIN, LEUCINE-RICH REPEAT, AND PYRIN DOMAIN CONTAINING 12; NLRP3: NOD-LIKE RECEPTOR FAMILY PYRIN DOMAIN CONTAINING 3; NOD2: NUCLEOTIDE-BINDING OLIGOMERIZATION DOMAIN; NRBP1: NUCLEAR RECEPTOR-BINDING PROTEIN; NRF2: NUCLEAR FACTOR ERYTHROID 2-RELATED FACTOR 2; OR: ODDS RATIO; P2X: GROUP OF MEMBRANE ION CHANNELS ACTIVATED BY THE BINDING OF EXTRACELLULAR; P2X7: P2X PURINOCEPTOR 7 GENE; P38: MEMBER OF THE MITOGEN-ACTIVATED PROTEIN KINASE FAMILY; PAMPS: PATHOGEN ASSOCIATED MOLECULAR PATTERS; PBMC: PERIPHERAL BLOOD MONONUCLEAR CELLS; PGGT1B: GERANYLGERANYL TRANSFERASE TYPE-1 SUBUNIT BETA; PHGDH: PHOSPHOGLYCERATE DEHYDROGENASE; PI3-K: PHOSPHO-INOSITOL; PPARGAMMA: PEROXISOME PROLIFERATOR-ACTIVATED RECEPTOR GAMMA; PPARGC1B: PEROXISOME PROLIFERATIVE ACTIVATED RECEPTOR, GAMMA, COACTIVATOR 1 BETA; PR3: PROTEINASE 3 ANTIGEN; PRO-CASP1: INACTIVE PRECURSOR OF CASPASE 1; PRO-IL1BETA: INACTIVE PRECURSOR OF INTERLEUKIN 1 BETA; PRR: PATTERN RECOGNITION RECEPTORS; PYD: PYRIN DOMAIN; RAPTOR: REGULATORY ASSOCIATED PROTEIN OF MTOR COMPLEX 1; RAS: RENIN-ANGIOTENSIN SYSTEM; REDD1: REGULATED IN DNA DAMAGE AND DEVELOPMENT 1; ROS: REACTIVE OXYGEN SPECIES; RS000*G: SINGLE NUCLEAR POLYMORPHISM, "*G" IS RELATED TO SNP WHERE REPLACED NUCLEOTIDE IS GUANINE, USUALLY PRECEDED BY AN ID NUMBER; SLC2A9: SOLUTE CARRIER FAMILY 2, MEMBER 9; SLC7A11: SOLUTE CARRIER FAMILY 7, MEMBER 11; SMA: SMOOTH MUSCULAR ATROPHY; SMAC: SECOND MITOCHONDRIAL-DERIVED ACTIVATOR OF CASPASES; SNP: SINGLE NUCLEAR POLYMORPHISM; SP3: SPECIFICITY PROTEIN 3; ST2: SERUM STIMULATION-2; STK11: SERINE/THREONINE KINASE 11; SUA: SOLUBLE URIC ACID; SYK: SPLEEN TYROSINE KINASE; TAK1: TRANSFORMING GROWTH FACTOR BETA ACTIVATED KINASE; TH1: TYPE 1 HELPER T CELLS; TH17: TYPE 17 HELPER T CELLS; TH2: TYPE 2 HELPER T CELLS; TH22: TYPE 22 HELPER T CELLS; TLR: TOOL-LIKE RECEPTOR; TLR2: TOLL-LIKE RECEPTOR 2; TLR4: TOLL-LIKE RECEPTOR 4; TNFALPHA: TUMOR NECROSIS FACTOR ALPHA; TNFR1: TUMOR NECROSIS FACTOR RECEPTOR 1; TNFR2: TUMOR NECROSIS FACTOR RECEPTOR 2; UA: URIC ACID; UBAP1: UBIQUITIN ASSOCIATED PROTEIN; ULT: URATE-LOWERING THERAPY; URAT1: URATE TRANSPORTER 1; VDAC1: VOLTAGE-DEPENDENT ANION-SELECTIVE CHANNEL 1.	2023	

9  5822  24 STRESS IN THE ONSET AND AGGRAVATION OF LEARNING DISABILITIES. DESPITE SUBSTANTIAL GROUNDS FOR SUCH RESEARCH, THE ROLE OF CHRONIC EXPOSURE TO STRESSORS IN THE ONSET AND AGGRAVATION OF LEARNING DISABILITIES (LDS) IS LARGELY UNEXPLORED. IN THIS REVIEW, WE FIRST CONSIDER THE HORMONAL, (EPI)GENETIC, AND NEUROBIOLOGICAL MECHANISMS THAT MIGHT UNDERLIE THE IMPACT OF ADVERSE CHILDHOOD EXPERIENCES, A FORM OF CHRONIC STRESSORS, ON THE ONSET OF LDS. WE THEN FOUND THAT STRESS FACTORS COMBINED WITH FEELINGS OF INFERIORITY, LOW SELF-ESTEEM, AND PEER VICTIMIZATION COULD POTENTIALLY FURTHER AGGRAVATE ACADEMIC FAILURES IN CHILDREN WITH LDS. SINCE EFFECTIVE EVIDENCE-BASED INTERVENTIONS FOR REDUCING CHRONIC STRESS IN CHILDREN WITH LDS COULD IMPROVE THEIR ACADEMIC PERFORMANCE, CONSIDERATION OF THE ROLE OF EXPOSURE TO STRESSORS IN CHILDREN WITH LDS HAS BOTH THEORETICAL AND PRACTICAL IMPORTANCE, ESPECIALLY WHEN DELIVERED IN COMBINATION WITH ACADEMIC INTERVENTIONS.	2021	
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        
10  1093  21 COHESIN RAD21 GENE PROMOTER METHYLATION IN PATIENTS WITH CHRONIC LYMPHOCYTIC LEUKEMIA. CHRONIC LYMPHOCYTIC LEUKEMIA (CLL) IS THE MOST COMMON TYPE OF LEUKEMIA IN ADULTS AND IS CHARACTERIZED BY THE PRESENCE OF SPECIFIC CYTOGENETIC ABNORMALITIES. CLL RESEARCH HAS BEEN FOCUSED ON EPIGENETIC PROCESSES LIKE GENE PROMOTER METHYLATION OF CPG ISLANDS. IN THE PRESENT STUDY, THE METHYLATION STATUS OF THE RAD21 GENE IS STUDIED AND ASSOCIATED WITH CYTOGENETIC FINDINGS IN CLL PATIENTS IN ORDER TO INVESTIGATE ITS POSSIBLE IMPLICATION IN CLL PATHOGENESIS AND THE FORMATION OF CLL CHROMOSOMAL ABNORMALITIES.	2018	
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              
11  1669  34 DOWNREGULATION OF THE HISTONE METHYLTRANSFERASE SETD2 PROMOTES IMATINIB RESISTANCE IN CHRONIC MYELOID LEUKAEMIA CELLS. OBJECTIVES: EPIGENETIC MODIFIERS WERE IMPORTANT PLAYERS IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF HAEMATOLOGICAL MALIGNANCIES AND SENSITIVITY TO THERAPY. MUTATIONS OF SET DOMAIN-CONTAINING 2 (SETD2), A METHYLTRANSFERASE THAT CATALYSES THE TRIMETHYLATION OF HISTONE 3 ON LYSINE 36 (H3K36ME3), WERE FOUND IN VARIOUS MYELOID MALIGNANCIES. HOWEVER, THE DETAILED MECHANISMS THROUGH WHICH SETD2 CONFERS CHRONIC MYELOID LEUKAEMIA PROGRESSION AND RESISTANCE TO THERAPY TARGETING ON BCR-ABL REMAIN UNCLEAR. MATERIALS AND METHODS: THE LEVEL OF SETD2 IN IMATINIB-SENSITIVE AND IMATINIB-RESISTANT CHRONIC MYELOID LEUKAEMIA (CML) CELLS WAS EXAMINED BY IMMUNOBLOTTING AND QUANTITATIVE REAL-TIME PCR. WE ANALYSED CD34(+) CD38(-) LEUKAEMIC STEM CELLS BY FLOW CYTOMETRY AND COLONY FORMATION ASSAYS UPON SETD2 KNOCKDOWN OR OVEREXPRESSION. THE IMPACT OF SETD2 EXPRESSION ALTERATIONS OR SMALL-MOLECULE INHIBITOR JIB-04 TARGETING H3K36ME3 LOSS ON IMATINIB SENSITIVITY WAS ASSESSED BY IC50, CELL APOPTOSIS AND PROLIFERATION ASSAYS. FINALLY, RNA SEQUENCING AND CHIP-QUANTITATIVE PCR WERE PERFORMED TO VERIFY PUTATIVE DOWNSTREAM TARGETS. RESULTS: SETD2 WAS FOUND TO ACT AS A TUMOUR SUPPRESSOR IN CML. THE NOVEL ONCOGENIC TARGETS MYCN AND ERG WERE SHOWN TO BE THE DIRECT DOWNSTREAM TARGETS OF SETD2, WHERE THEIR OVEREXPRESSION INDUCED BY SETD2 KNOCKDOWN CAUSED IMATINIB INSENSITIVITY AND LEUKAEMIC STEM CELL ENRICHMENT IN CML CELL LINES. TREATMENT WITH JIB-04, AN INHIBITOR THAT RESTORES H3K36ME3 LEVELS THROUGH BLOCKADE OF ITS DEMETHYLATION, SUCCESSFULLY IMPROVED THE CELL IMATINIB SENSITIVITY AND ENHANCED THE CHEMOTHERAPEUTIC EFFECT. CONCLUSIONS: OUR STUDY NOT ONLY EMPHASIZES THE REGULATORY MECHANISM OF SETD2 IN CML, BUT ALSO PROVIDES PROMISING THERAPEUTIC STRATEGIES FOR OVERCOMING THE IMATINIB RESISTANCE IN PATIENTS WITH CML.	2019	
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                               
12   692  37 BRD4 PROMOTES HEPATIC STELLATE CELLS ACTIVATION AND HEPATIC FIBROSIS VIA MEDIATING P300/H3K27AC/PLK1 AXIS. HEPATIC FIBROSIS (HF) IS A REVERSIBLE WOUND-HEALING RESPONSE CHARACTERIZED BY EXCESSIVE EXTRACELLULAR MATRIX (ECM) DEPOSITION AND SECONDARY TO PERSISTENT CHRONIC INJURY. BROMODOMAIN PROTEIN 4 (BRD4) COMMONLY FUNCTIONS AS A "READER" TO REGULATE EPIGENETIC MODIFICATIONS INVOLVED IN VARIOUS BIOLOGICAL AND PATHOLOGICAL EVENTS, BUT THE MECHANISM OF HF REMAINS UNCLEAR. IN THIS STUDY, WE ESTABLISHED A CCL(4)-INDUCED HF MODEL AND SPONTANEOUS RECOVERY MODEL IN MICE AND FOUND ABERRANT BRD4 EXPRESSION, WHICH WAS CONSISTENT WITH THE RESULTS IN HUMAN HEPATIC STELLATE CELLS (HSCS)- LX2 CELLS IN VITRO. SUBSEQUENTLY, WE FOUND THAT DISTRICTION AND INHIBITION OF BRD4 RESTRAINED TGFBETA-INDUCED TRANS-DIFFERENTIATION OF LX2 CELLS INTO ACTIVATED, PROLIFERATIVE MYOFIBROBLASTS AND ACCELERATED APOPTOSIS, AND BRD4 OVEREXPRESSION BLOCKED MDI-INDUCED LX2 CELLS INACTIVATION AND PROMOTED THE PROLIFERATION AND INHIBITED APOPTOSIS OF INACTIVATED CELLS. ADDITIONALLY, ADENO-ASSOCIATED VIRUS SEROTYPE 8-LOADED SHORT HAIRPIN RNA-MEDIATED BRD4 KNOCKDOWN IN MICE SIGNIFICANTLY ATTENUATED CCL(4)-INDUCED FIBROTIC RESPONSES INCLUDING HSCS ACTIVATION AND COLLAGEN DEPOSITION. MECHANISTICALLY, BRD4 DEFICIENCY INHIBITED PLK1 EXPRESSION IN ACTIVATED LX2 CELLS, AND CHIP AND CO-IP ASSAYS REVEALED THAT BRD4 REGULATION OF PLK1 WAS DEPENDENT ON P300-MEDIATED ACETYLATION MODIFICATION FOR H3K27 ON THE PLK1 PROMOTER. IN CONCLUSION, BRD4 DEFICIENCY IN THE LIVER ALLEVIATES CCL(4)-INDUCED HF IN MICE, AND BRD4 PARTICIPATES IN THE ACTIVATION AND REVERSAL OF HSCS THROUGH POSITIVELY REGULATING THE P300/H3K27AC/PLK1 AXIS, PROVIDING A POTENTIAL INSIGHT FOR HF THERAPY.	2023	
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       
13  5227  30 PRMT6 MEDIATES INFLAMMATION VIA ACTIVATION OF THE NF-KAPPAB/P65 PATHWAY ON A CIGARETTE SMOKE EXTRACT-INDUCED MURINE EMPHYSEMA MODEL. INTRODUCTION: SMOKE-DRIVEN LUNG INFLAMMATION IS CONSIDERED TO BE THE MAJOR PATHOPHYSIOLOGY MECHANISM OF CHRONIC OBSTRUCTIVE PULMONARY DISEASE (COPD)/EMPHYSEMA. PROTEIN ARGININE METHYLTRANSFERASE 6 (PRMT6) IS A KEY EPIGENETIC ENZYME, WHICH IS RELATED TO PROTECTING THE TRI-METHYLATION OF H3K4 (H3K4ME3). WE HYPOTHESIZED THAT PTMT6 PROTECTS LUNG INFLAMMATION THROUGH THE NUCLEAR FACTOR KAPPA B (NF-KAPPAB) PATHWAY. METHODS: MICE WERE INJECTED WITH CIGARETTE SMOKE EXTRACT (CSE) OR PBS TO ESTABLISH A MICE MODEL, INTRATRACHEALLY INSTILLED WITH OVEREXPRESSED PRMT6 OR NEGATIVE CONTROL VECTOR. MORPHOMETRY OF LUNG SLIDES AND LUNG FUNCTION WERE MEASURED. WE DETERMINED THE PROTEIN EXPRESSION OF PRMT6 AND ITS RELATED HISTONE TARGETS, THE ACTIVATION OF NF-KAPPAB PATHWAY, THE LEVEL OF TUMOR NECROSIS FACTOR ALPHA (TNFALPHA) AND INTERLEUKIN-1BETA (IL-1BETA). RESULTS: AFTER PRMT6 OVEREXPRESSION, THE MORPHOMETRY INDEXES AND LUNG FUNCTION WERE IMPROVED. ALSO, THE EXPRESSION OF H3K4ME3 WAS DECREASED. OVEREXPRESSED PRMT6 COULD SUPPRESS CSE-INDUCED NF-KAPPAB ACTIVATION AND PRO-INFLAMMATION GENES EXPRESSION. CONCLUSIONS: THE OVEREXPRESSED PRMT6 COULD SERVE AS AN INFLAMMATION INHIBITOR, POTENTIALLY THROUGH BLOCKING THE NF-KAPPAB/P65 PATHWAY IN THE MURINE EMPHYSEMA MODEL.	2020	
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              
14  5459  33 RESEARCH ON THE EPIGENETIC REGULATION MECHANISM OF THE PTPN6 GENE IN ADVANCED CHRONIC MYELOID LEUKAEMIA. PTPN6, A TYROSINE PHOSPHATASE PROTEIN, PLAYS A NEGATIVE ROLE IN CELL SIGNAL TRANSDUCTION AND IS NEGATIVELY CORRELATED WITH TUMOUR FORMATION AND GROWTH. HOWEVER, EPIGENETIC REGULATION MECHANISM OF THE PTPN6 GENE IN ADVANCED CHRONIC MYELOID LEUKAEMIA (CML) REMAINS UNCLEAR. THIS STUDY INVESTIGATED BONE MARROW OR BLOOD SAMPLES FROM 44 CML PATIENTS AND 10 HEALTHY VOLUNTEERS. KCL22 AND K562 CELLS WERE CULTURED AND TREATED WITH DEMETHYLATION DRUGS AND HISTONE DEACETYLASE INHIBITORS. REAL TIME QUANTITATIVE POLYMERASE CHAIN REACTION (QPCR), METHYLATION-SPECIFIC PCR, BISULFITE SEQUENCING PCR, WESTERN BLOTTING, CO-IMMUNOPRECIPITATION AND CHROMATIN IMMUNOPRECIPITATION (CHIP) WAS PERFORMED. PTPN6 WAS DOWN-REGULATED IN CELL LINES AND PATIENTS WITH ADVANCED PHASE CML, WHEREAS DNMT1, DNMT3A, MECP2, MBD2 AND HDAC1 WERE UP-REGULATED. TREATMENT WITH 5-AZACYTIDINE, DECITABINE, SODIUM VALPROATE AND LBH589 INCREASED PTPN6 EXPRESSION, BUT DECREASED THAT OF DNMT1, DNMT3A, MECP2, MBD2 AND HDAC1. IMMUNOPRECIPITATION AND MASS SPECTROMETRY SHOWED THAT HDAC1 COMBINED DIRECTLY WITH PTPN6. CHIP-SEQ SHOWED THAT HDAC1 DID NOT COMBINE WITH THE PROMOTER REGION OF PTPN6, WHILE MAPK, AKT, STAT5, JAK2 AND MYC PROMOTER REGIONS ALL COMBINED WITH HDAC1. PTPN6 IS ASSOCIATED WITH PROGRESSION OF CML. LOW EXPRESSION LEVEL OF PTPN6 WAS ASSOCIATED WITH DNA METHYLATION AND REGULATED BY HISTONE ACETYLATION. HDAC1 PARTICIPATES IN THE REGULATION OF PTPN6.	2017	
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                     
15  3064  39 GENOME-WIDE DNA METHYLATION ENCODES CARDIAC TRANSCRIPTIONAL REPROGRAMMING IN HUMAN ISCHEMIC HEART FAILURE. ISCHEMIC CARDIOMYOPATHY (ICM) IS THE CLINICAL ENDPOINT OF CORONARY HEART DISEASE AND A LEADING CAUSE OF HEART FAILURE. DESPITE GROWING DEMANDS TO DEVELOP PERSONALIZED APPROACHES TO TREAT ICM, PROGRESS IS LIMITED BY INADEQUATE KNOWLEDGE OF ITS PATHOGENESIS. SINCE EPIGENETICS HAS BEEN IMPLICATED IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF OTHER CHRONIC DISEASES, THE CURRENT STUDY WAS DESIGNED TO DETERMINE WHETHER TRANSCRIPTIONAL AND/OR EPIGENETIC CHANGES ARE SUFFICIENT TO DISTINGUISH ICM FROM OTHER ETIOLOGIES OF HEART FAILURE. SPECIFICALLY, WE HYPOTHESIZE THAT GENOME-WIDE DNA METHYLATION ENCODES TRANSCRIPTIONAL REPROGRAMMING IN ICM. RNA-SEQUENCING ANALYSIS WAS PERFORMED ON HUMAN ISCHEMIC LEFT VENTRICULAR TISSUE OBTAINED FROM PATIENTS WITH END-STAGE HEART FAILURE, WHICH ENRICHED KNOWN TARGETS OF THE POLYCOMB METHYLTRANSFERASE EZH2 COMPARED TO NON-ISCHEMIC HEARTS. COMBINED RNA SEQUENCING AND GENOME-WIDE DNA METHYLATION ANALYSIS REVEALED A ROBUST GENE EXPRESSION PATTERN CONSISTENT WITH SUPPRESSION OF OXIDATIVE METABOLISM, INDUCED ANAEROBIC GLYCOLYSIS, AND ALTERED CELLULAR REMODELING. LASTLY, KLF15 WAS IDENTIFIED AS A PUTATIVE UPSTREAM REGULATOR OF METABOLIC GENE EXPRESSION THAT WAS ITSELF REGULATED BY EZH2 IN A SET DOMAIN-DEPENDENT MANNER. OUR OBSERVATIONS THEREFORE DEFINE A NOVEL ROLE OF DNA METHYLATION IN THE METABOLIC REPROGRAMMING OF ICM. FURTHERMORE, WE IDENTIFY EZH2 AS AN EPIGENETIC REGULATOR OF KLF15 ALONG WITH DNA HYPERMETHYLATION, AND WE PROPOSE A NOVEL MECHANISM THROUGH WHICH CORONARY HEART DISEASE REPROGRAMS THE EXPRESSION OF BOTH INTERMEDIATE ENZYMES AND UPSTREAM REGULATORS OF CARDIAC METABOLISM SUCH AS KLF15.	2019	
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                 
16  1906  37 ENHANCER OF ZESTE HOMOLOG 2-CATALYSED H3K27 TRIMETHYLATION PLAYS A KEY ROLE IN ACUTE-ON-CHRONIC LIVER FAILURE VIA TNF-MEDIATED PATHWAY. ACUTE-ON-CHRONIC LIVER FAILURE IS MAINLY DUE TO HOST IMMUNITY SELF-DESTRUCTION. THE HISTONE H3 LYSINE 27 (H3K27) TRIMETHYLATING ENZYME, ENHANCER OF ZESTE HOMOLOG 2 (EZH2) MEDIATES EPIGENETIC SILENCING OF GENE EXPRESSION AND REGULATES IMMUNITY, ALSO INVOLVES PATHOGENESIS OF SEVERAL LIVER DISEASES. THE CURRENT STUDY WAS TO DETERMINE THE ROLE OF METHYLTRANSFERASE EZH2 AND ITS CATALYSED H3K27 TRIMETHYLATION (H3K27ME3) IN LIVER FAILURE, AND TO FURTHER INVESTIGATE THE POTENTIAL TARGET FOR LIVER FAILURE TREATMENT. EZH2 AND ITS CATALYSED H3K27ME3 WERE DETERMINED IN PERIPHERAL BLOOD MONONUCLEAR CELLS (PBMC) FROM LIVER FAILURE PATIENTS AND KUPFFER CELLS FROM EXPERIMENTAL MICE. FURTHERMORE, GSK126 (AN INHIBITOR FOR EZH2 TRIMETHYLATION FUNCTION) WAS APPLIED IN LIVER FAILURE MICE IN VIVO, AND LIPOPOLYSACCHARIDE-STIMULATED MONONUCLEAR CELLS IN VITRO. EZH2 AND H3K27ME3 WERE SIGNIFICANTLY UPREGULATED IN HUMAN PBMC FROM LIVER FAILURE PATIENTS OR MURINE KUPFFER CELLS FROM THE LIVER FAILURE ANIMALS, RESPECTIVELY. GSK126 AMELIORATED DISEASE SEVERITY IN LIVER FAILURE MICE, WHICH MAYBE ATTRIBUTE TO DOWN-REGULATE CIRCULATING AND HEPATIC PROINFLAMMATORY CYTOKINES, ESPECIALLY TNF VIA REDUCING H3K27ME3. IN-DEPTH CHROMATIN IMMUNOPRECIPITATION ANALYSIS UNRAVELLED THAT DECREASED ENRICHMENT OF H3K27ME3 ON TNF PROMOTOR, RESULTING IN TNF ELEVATION IN KUPFFER CELLS FROM LIVER FAILURE MICE. NUCLEAR FACTOR KAPPA B (NF-KAPPAB) AND PROTEIN KINASE B (AKT) SIGNALLING PATHWAYS WERE ACTIVATED UPON LIPOPOLYSACCHARIDE STIMULATION, BUT ATTENUATED BY USING GSK126, ACCOMPANIED WITH DECREASED TNF IN VITRO. IN CONCLUSION, EZH2 AND H3K27ME3 CONTRIBUTED TO THE PATHOGENESIS OF LIVER FAILURE VIA TRIGGERING TNF AND OTHER INDISPENSABLE PROINFLAMMATORY CYTOKINES. EZH2 WAS TO MODIFY H3K27ME3 ENRICHMENT, AS WELL AS, ACTIVATION OF THE DOWNSTREAM NF-KAPPAB AND AKT SIGNALLING PATHWAYS.	2018	
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        
17  3939  29 LNC-IL7R ALLEVIATES PM(2.5)-MEDIATED CELLULAR SENESCENCE AND APOPTOSIS THROUGH EZH2 RECRUITMENT IN CHRONIC OBSTRUCTIVE PULMONARY DISEASE. BACKGROUND: LONG-TERM EXPOSURE TO PM(2.5) (PARTICULATE MATTER WITH AN AERODYNAMIC DIAMETER OF </= 2.5 MUM) IS ASSOCIATED WITH PULMONARY INJURY AND EMPHYSEMA IN PATIENTS WITH CHRONIC OBSTRUCTIVE PULMONARY DISEASE (COPD). WE INVESTIGATED MECHANISMS THROUGH WHICH THE LONG NONCODING RNA LNC-IL7R CONTRIBUTES TO CELLULAR DAMAGE BY INDUCING OXIDATIVE STRESS IN COPD PATIENTS EXPOSED TO PM(2.5). METHODS: ASSOCIATIONS OF SERUM LNC-IL7R LEVELS WITH LUNG FUNCTION, EMPHYSEMA, AND PREVIOUS PM(2.5) EXPOSURE IN COPD PATIENTS WERE ANALYZED. REACTIVE OXYGEN SPECIES AND LNC-IL7R LEVELS WERE MEASURED IN PM(2.5)-TREATED CELLS. THE LEVELS OF LNC-IL7R AND CELLULAR SENESCENCE-ASSOCIATED GENES, NAMELY P16(INK4A) AND P21(CIP1/WAF1), WERE DETERMINED THROUGH LUNG TISSUE SECTION STAINING. THE EFFECTS OF P16(INK4A) OR P21(CIP1/WAF1) REGULATION WERE EXAMINED BY PERFORMING LNC-IL7R OVEREXPRESSION AND KNOCKDOWN ASSAYS. THE FUNCTIONS OF LNC-IL7R-MEDIATED CELL PROLIFERATION, CELL CYCLE, SENESCENCE, COLONY FORMATION, AND APOPTOSIS WERE EXAMINED IN CELLS TREATED WITH PM(2.5). CHROMATIN IMMUNOPRECIPITATION ASSAYS WERE CONDUCTED TO INVESTIGATE THE EPIGENETIC REGULATION OF P21(CIP1/WAF1). RESULTS: LNC-IL7R LEVELS DECREASED IN COPD PATIENTS AND WERE NEGATIVELY CORRELATED WITH EMPHYSEMA OR PM(2.5) EXPOSURE. LNC-IL7R LEVELS WERE UPREGULATED IN NORMAL LUNG EPITHELIAL CELLS BUT NOT IN COPD CELLS EXPOSED TO PM(2.5). LOWER LNC-IL7R EXPRESSION IN PM(2.5)-TREATED CELLS INDUCED P16(INK4A) AND P21(CIP1/WAF1) EXPRESSION BY INCREASING OXIDATIVE STRESS. HIGHER LNC-IL7R EXPRESSION PROTECTED AGAINST CELLULAR SENESCENCE AND APOPTOSIS, WHEREAS LOWER LNC-IL7R EXPRESSION AUGMENTED INJURY IN PM(2.5)-TREATED CELLS. LNC-IL7R AND THE ENHANCER OF ZESTE HOMOLOG 2 (EZH2) SYNERGISTICALLY SUPPRESSED P21(CIP1/WAF1) EXPRESSION THROUGH EPIGENETIC MODULATION. CONCLUSION: LNC-IL7R ATTENUATES PM(2.5)-MEDIATED P21(CIP1/WAF1) EXPRESSION THROUGH EZH2 RECRUITMENT, AND ITS DYSFUNCTION MAY AUGMENT CELLULAR INJURY IN COPD.	2022	
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                
18  6540  33 TRANSCRIPTIONAL, EPIGENETIC, AND FUNCTIONAL REPROGRAMMING OF MONOCYTES FROM NON-HUMAN PRIMATES FOLLOWING CHRONIC ALCOHOL DRINKING. CHRONIC HEAVY DRINKING (CHD) OF ALCOHOL IS A KNOWN RISK FACTOR FOR INCREASED SUSCEPTIBILITY TO BACTERIAL AND VIRAL INFECTION AS WELL AS IMPAIRED WOUND HEALING. EVIDENCE SUGGESTS THAT THESE DEFECTS ARE MEDIATED BY A DYSREGULATED INFLAMMATORY RESPONSE ORIGINATING FROM MYELOID CELLS, NOTABLY MONOCYTES AND MACROPHAGES, BUT THE MECHANISMS REMAIN POORLY UNDERSTOOD. OUR ABILITY TO STUDY CHD IS IMPACTED BY THE COMPLEXITIES OF HUMAN DRINKING PATTERNS AND BEHAVIOR AS WELL AS COMORBIDITIES AND CONFOUNDING RISK FACTORS FOR PATIENTS WITH ALCOHOL USE DISORDERS. TO OVERCOME THESE CHALLENGES, WE UTILIZED A TRANSLATIONAL RHESUS MACAQUE MODEL OF VOLUNTARY ETHANOL SELF-ADMINISTRATION THAT CLOSELY RECAPITULATES HUMAN DRINKING PATTERNS AND CHRONICITY. IN THIS STUDY, WE EXAMINED THE EFFECTS OF CHD ON BLOOD MONOCYTES IN CONTROL AND CHD FEMALE MACAQUES AFTER 12 MONTHS OF DAILY ETHANOL CONSUMPTION. WHILE MONOCYTES FROM CHD FEMALE MACAQUES GENERATED A HYPER-INFLAMMATORY RESPONSE TO EX VIVO LPS STIMULATION, THEIR RESPONSE TO E. COLI WAS DAMPENED. IN DEPTH SCRNA-SEQ ANALYSIS OF PURIFIED MONOCYTES REVEALED SIGNIFICANT SHIFTS IN CLASSICAL MONOCYTE SUBSETS WITH ACCUMULATION OF CELLS EXPRESSING MARKERS OF HYPOXIA (HIF1A) AND INFLAMMATION (NFKB SIGNALING PATHWAY) IN CHD MACAQUES. THE INCREASED PRESENCE OF MONOCYTE SUBSETS SKEWED TOWARDS INFLAMMATORY PHENOTYPES WAS COMPLEMENTED BY EPIGENETIC ANALYSIS, WHICH REVEALED HIGHER ACCESSIBILITY OF PROMOTER REGIONS THAT REGULATE GENES INVOLVED IN CYTOKINE SIGNALING PATHWAYS. COLLECTIVELY, DATA PRESENTED IN THIS MANUSCRIPT DEMONSTRATE THAT CHD SHIFTS CLASSICAL MONOCYTE SUBSET COMPOSITION AND PRIMES THE MONOCYTES TOWARDS A MORE HYPER-INFLAMMATORY RESPONSE TO LPS, BUT COMPROMISED PATHOGEN RESPONSE.	2021	
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                           
19  4303  36 MICRORNA-223 INHIBITS TISSUE FACTOR EXPRESSION IN VASCULAR ENDOTHELIAL CELLS. OBJECTIVE: ATHEROSCLEROSIS IS A CHRONIC INFLAMMATORY PROCESS, IN WHICH VASCULAR ENDOTHELIAL CELLS (ECS) BECOME DYSFUNCTIONAL OWING TO THE EFFECTS OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES, SUCH AS INFLAMMATORY FACTOR AND GROWTH FACTORS. TISSUE FACTOR (TF) EXPRESSION IS INDUCED BY THE ABOVE CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES IN ACTIVATED ECS. TF INITIATES THROMBOSIS ON DISRUPTED ATHEROSCLEROTIC PLAQUES WHICH PLAYS AN ESSENTIAL ROLE DURING THE ONSET OF ACUTE CORONARY SYNDROMES (ACS). INCREASING EVIDENCES SUGGEST THE IMPORTANT ROLE OF MICRORNAS AS EPIGENETIC REGULATORS OF ATHEROSCLEROTIC DISEASE. THE AIM OF OUR STUDY IS TO IDENTIFY IF MICRORNA-223 (MIR-223) TARGETS TF IN ECS. METHODS AND RESULTS: BIOINFORMATIC ANALYSIS SHOWED THAT TF IS A TARGET CANDIDATE OF MIR-223. WESTERN BLOTTING ANALYSIS REVEALED THAT TUMOR NECROSIS FACTOR ALPHA (TNF-ALPHA) INCREASED TF EXPRESSION IN AORTA OF C57BL/6J MICE AND CULTURED ECS (EA.HY926 CELLS AND HUVEC) AFTER 4 H TREATMENT. IN TNF-ALPHA TREATED ECS, TF MRNA WAS ALSO INCREASED MEASURED BY REAL-TIME PCR. REAL-TIME PCR RESULTS SHOWED THAT MIR-223 LEVELS WERE DOWNREGULATED IN TNF-ALPHA-TREATED AORTA OF C57BL/6J MICE AND CULTURED ECS. TRANSFECTION OF ECS WITH MIR-223 MIMIC OR MIR-223 INHIBITOR MODIFIED TF EXPRESSION BOTH IN MRNA AND PROTEIN LEVELS. LUCIFERASE ASSAYS CONFIRMED THAT MIR-223 SUPPRESSED TF EXPRESSION BY BINDING TO THE SEQUENCE OF TF 3'-UNTRANSLATED REGIONS (3'UTR). TF PROCOAGULANT ACTIVITY WAS INHIBITED BY OVEREXPRESSING MIR-223 WITH OR WITHOUT TNF-ALPHA STIMULATION. CONCLUSIONS: MIR-223-MEDIATED SUPPRESSION OF TF EXPRESSION PROVIDES A NOVEL MOLECULAR MECHANISM FOR THE REGULATION OF COAGULATION CASCADE, AND SUGGESTS A CLUE AGAINST THROMBOGENESIS DURING THE PROCESS OF ATHEROSCLEROTIC PLAQUE RUPTURE.	2014	
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                               
20  1141  32 CONCERTED CELL AND IN VIVO SCREEN FOR PANCREATIC DUCTAL ADENOCARCINOMA (PDA) CHEMOTHERAPEUTICS. PDA IS A MAJOR CAUSE OF US CANCER-RELATED DEATHS. ONCOGENIC KRAS PRESENTS IN 90% OF HUMAN PDAS. KRAS MUTATIONS OCCUR EARLY IN PRE-NEOPLASTIC LESIONS BUT ARE INSUFFICIENT TO CAUSE PDA. OTHER CONTRIBUTING FACTORS EARLY IN DISEASE PROGRESSION INCLUDE CHRONIC PANCREATITIS, ALTERATIONS IN EPIGENETIC REGULATORS, AND TUMOR SUPPRESSOR GENE MUTATION. GPCRS ACTIVATE HETEROTRIMERIC G-PROTEINS THAT STIMULATE INTRACELLULAR CALCIUM AND ONCOGENIC KRAS SIGNALING, THEREBY PROMOTING PANCREATITIS AND PROGRESSION TO PDA. BY CONTRAST, RGS PROTEINS INHIBIT GI/Q-COUPLED GPCRS TO NEGATIVELY REGULATE PDA PROGRESSION. RGS16::GFP IS EXPRESSED IN RESPONSE TO CAERULEIN-INDUCED ACINAR CELL DEDIFFERENTIATION, EARLY NEOPLASIA, AND THROUGHOUT PDA PROGRESSION. IN GENETICALLY ENGINEERED MOUSE MODELS OF PDA, RGS16::GFP IS USEFUL FOR PRE-CLINICAL RAPID IN VIVO VALIDATION OF NOVEL CHEMOTHERAPEUTICS TARGETING EARLY LESIONS IN PATIENTS FOLLOWING SUCCESSFUL RESECTION OR AT HIGH RISK FOR PROGRESSING TO PDA. CULTURED PRIMARY PDA CELLS EXPRESS RGS16::GFP IN RESPONSE TO CYTOTOXIC DRUGS. A HISTONE DEACETYLASE INHIBITOR, TSA, STIMULATED RGS16::GFP EXPRESSION IN PDA PRIMARY CELLS, POTENTIATED GEMCITABINE AND JQ1 CYTOTOXICITY IN CELL CULTURE, AND GEM + TSA + JQ1 INHIBITED TUMOR INITIATION AND PROGRESSION IN VIVO. HERE WE ESTABLISH THE USE OF RGS16::GFP EXPRESSION FOR TESTING DRUG COMBINATIONS IN CELL CULTURE AND VALIDATION OF BEST CANDIDATES IN OUR RAPID IN VIVO SCREEN.	2020