1  3624 167 IN VIVO FUNCTION OF FLOW-RESPONSIVE CIS-DNA ELEMENTS OF ENOS GENE: A ROLE FOR CHROMATIN-BASED MECHANISMS. BACKGROUND: ENOS (ENDOTHELIAL NITRIC OXIDE SYNTHASE) IS AN ENDOTHELIAL CELL (EC)-SPECIFIC GENE PREDOMINANTLY EXPRESSED IN MEDIUM- TO LARGE-SIZED ARTERIES WHERE ECS EXPERIENCE ATHEROPROTECTIVE LAMINAR FLOW WITH HIGH SHEAR STRESS. DISTURBED FLOW WITH LOWER AVERAGE SHEAR STRESS DECREASES ENOS TRANSCRIPTION, WHICH LEADS TO THE DEVELOPMENT OF ATHEROSCLEROSIS, ESPECIALLY AT BIFURCATIONS AND CURVATURES OF ARTERIES. THIS PROTOTYPIC ARTERIAL EC GENE CONTAINS 2 DISTINCT FLOW-RESPONSIVE CIS-DNA ELEMENTS IN THE PROMOTER, THE SHEAR STRESS RESPONSE ELEMENT (SSRE) AND THE KLF (KRUPPEL-LIKE FACTOR) ELEMENT. PREVIOUS IN VITRO STUDIES SUGGESTED THEIR POSITIVE REGULATORY FUNCTIONS ON FLOW-INDUCED TRANSCRIPTION OF EC GENES INCLUDING ENOS. HOWEVER, THE IN VIVO FUNCTION OF THESE CIS-DNA ELEMENTS REMAINS UNKNOWN. METHODS: INSERTIONAL TRANSGENIC MICE WITH A MUTATION AT EACH FLOW-RESPONSIVE CIS-DNA ELEMENT WERE GENERATED USING A MURINE ENOS PROMOTER-BETA-GALACTOSIDASE REPORTER BY LINKER-SCANNING MUTAGENESIS AND COMPARED WITH EPISOMAL-BASED MUTATIONS IN VITRO. DNA METHYLATION AT THE ENOS PROXIMAL PROMOTER IN MOUSE ECS WAS ASSESSED BY BISULFITE SEQUENCING OR PYROSEQUENCING. RESULTS: WILD TYPE MICE WITH A FUNCTIONAL ENOS PROMOTER-REPORTER TRANSGENE EXHIBITED REDUCED ENDOTHELIAL REPORTER EXPRESSION IN THE ATHEROPRONE REGIONS OF DISTURBED FLOW (N=5). IT IS SURPRISING THAT THE SSRE MUTATION ABROGATED REPORTER EXPRESSION IN ECS AND WAS ASSOCIATED WITH ABERRANT HYPERMETHYLATION AT THE ENOS PROXIMAL PROMOTER (N=7). REPORTER GENE SILENCING WAS INDEPENDENT OF TRANSGENE COPY NUMBER AND INTEGRATION POSITION, INDICATING THAT THE SSRE IS A CRITICAL CIS-ELEMENT NECESSARY FOR ENOS TRANSCRIPTION IN VIVO. THE KLF MUTATION DEMONSTRATED AN INTEGRATION SITE-SPECIFIC DECREASE IN ENOS TRANSCRIPTION, AGAIN WITH MARKED PROMOTER METHYLATION (N=8), SUGGESTING THAT THE SSRE ALONE IS NOT SUFFICIENT FOR ENOS TRANSCRIPTION IN VIVO. IN WILD TYPE MICE, THE NATIVE ENOS PROMOTER WAS SIGNIFICANTLY HYPERMETHYLATED IN ECS FROM THE ATHEROPRONE REGIONS WHERE ENOS EXPRESSION WAS MARKEDLY REPRESSED BY CHRONIC DISTURBED FLOW, DEMONSTRATING THAT ENOS EXPRESSION IS REGULATED BY FLOW-DEPENDENT DNA METHYLATION THAT IS REGION-SPECIFIC IN THE ARTERIAL ENDOTHELIUM IN VIVO. CONCLUSIONS: WE REPORT, FOR THE FIRST TIME, THAT THE SSRE AND KLF ELEMENTS ARE CRITICAL FLOW SENSORS NECESSARY FOR A TRANSCRIPTIONALLY PERMISSIVE, HYPOMETHYLATED ENOS PROMOTER IN ECS UNDER CHRONIC SHEAR STRESS IN VIVO. MOREOVER, ENOS EXPRESSION IS REGULATED BY FLOW-DEPENDENT EPIGENETIC MECHANISMS, WHICH OFFERS NOVEL MECHANISTIC INSIGHT ON ENOS GENE REGULATION IN ATHEROGENESIS.	2021	
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                             
2  4354  42 MIR-21-5P DIRECTLY CONTRIBUTES TO REGULATING ENOS EXPRESSION IN HUMAN ARTERY ENDOTHELIAL CELLS UNDER NORMOXIA AND HYPOXIA. CLINICAL CONDITIONS ASSOCIATED WITH HYPOXIA AND OXIDATIVE STRESS, SUCH AS FETAL GROWTH RESTRICTION (FGR), RESULTS IN ENDOTHELIAL DYSFUNCTION. PREVIOUS REPORTS SHOW THAT CHANGES IN ENOS EXPRESSION UNDER THESE CONDITIONS ARE TIGHTLY CONTROLLED BY DNA METHYLATION AND HISTONE POSTTRANSLATIONAL MODIFICATIONS. HOWEVER, THE CONTRIBUTION OF AN ORCHESTRATING EPIGENETIC MECHANISM, SUCH AS MIRNAS, ON THE NO-RELATED GENES EXPRESSION HAS NOT BEEN ADDRESSED. WE AIMED TO DETERMINE THE LEVELS OF MIRNAS HIGHLY EXPRESSED IN NORMAL ENDOTHELIAL CELLS (EC), MIR-21 AND MIR-126, IN FGR HUMAN UMBILICAL ARTERY EC (HUAEC), AND THEIR EFFECTS ON HYPOXIA-DEPENDENT REGULATION OF BOTH, NO-RELATED AND OXIDATIVE STRESS-RELATED GENES. RESULTS WERE VALIDATED BY TRANSCRIPTOME ANALYSIS OF HUAEC CULTURED UNDER CHRONIC LOW OXYGEN CONDITIONS. CULTURED FGR-HUAEC SHOWED DECREASED HSA-MIR-21, DDAH1, SOD1, AND NRF2, BUT INCREASED MIR-126, NOX4, AND ENOS LEVELS, COMPARED WITH CONTROLS. MIR-21-5P LEVELS IN FGR WERE ASSOCIATED WITH INCREASED HG-MIR-21 GENE PROMOTER METHYLATION, WITH NO CHANGES IN HG-MIR-126 GENE PROMOTER METHYLATION. HUAEC EXPOSED TO HYPOXIA SHOWED A TRANSIENT INCREASE IN ENOS AND DDAH11, PARALLELED BY DECREASE MIR-21-5P LEVELS, BUT NO CHANGES IN MIR-126-3P AND THE OTHER GENES UNDER STUDY. TRANSCRIPTOME PROFILING SHOWED AN INVERSE RELATIONSHIP AMONG MIR-21 AND SEVERAL TRANSCRIPTS TARGETED BY MIR-21 IN HUAEC EXPOSED TO HYPOXIA, MEANWHILE MIR-21-5P-MIMIC DECREASED ENOS AND DDAH1 TRANSCRIPTS STABILITY, BLOCKING THEIR INDUCTION BY HYPOXIA. CONSEQUENTLY, FGR PROGRAMS A HYPOXIA-RELATED MIRNA THAT CONTRIBUTES TO THE REGULATION OF THE NO PATHWAY, INVOLVING A DIRECT EFFECT OF MIR-21-5P ON ENOS TRANSCRIPT STABILITY, NOT PREVIOUSLY REPORTED. MOREOVER, HYPOXIA DOWNREGULATES MIR-21-5P, CONTRIBUTING TO INCREASING THE EXPRESSION OF NO-RELATED GENES IN ARTERIAL ENDOTHELIAL CELLS.	2020	
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                           
3   351  38 ALTERED ENDOTHELIAL DYSFUNCTION-RELATED MIRS IN PLASMA FROM ME/CFS PATIENTS. MYALGIC ENCEPHALOMYELITIS/CHRONIC FATIGUE SYNDROME (ME/CFS) IS A COMPLEX DISEASE CHARACTERIZED BY UNEXPLAINED DEBILITATING FATIGUE. ALTHOUGH THE ETIOLOGY IS UNKNOWN, EVIDENCE SUPPORTS IMMUNOLOGICAL ABNORMALITIES, SUCH AS PERSISTENT INFLAMMATION AND IMMUNE-CELL ACTIVATION, IN A SUBSET OF PATIENTS. SINCE THE INTERPLAY BETWEEN INFLAMMATION AND VASCULAR ALTERATIONS IS WELL-ESTABLISHED IN OTHER DISEASES, ENDOTHELIAL DYSFUNCTION HAS EMERGED AS ANOTHER PLAYER IN ME/CFS PATHOGENESIS. ENDOTHELIAL NITRIC OXIDE SYNTHASE (ENOS) GENERATES NITRIC OXIDE (NO) THAT MAINTAINS ENDOTHELIAL HOMEOSTASIS. ENOS IS ACTIVATED BY SILENT INFORMATION REGULATOR 1 (SIRT1), AN ANTI-INFLAMMATORY PROTEIN. DESPITE ITS RELEVANCE, NO STUDY HAS ADDRESSED THE SIRT1/ENOS AXIS IN ME/CFS. THE INTEREST IN CIRCULATING MICRORNAS (MIRS) AS POTENTIAL BIOMARKERS IN ME/CFS HAS INCREASED IN RECENT YEARS. ACCORDINGLY, WE ANALYZE A SET OF MIRS REPORTED TO MODULATE THE SIRT1/ENOS AXIS USING PLASMA FROM ME/CFS PATIENTS. OUR RESULTS SHOW THAT MIR-21, MIR-34A, MIR-92A, MIR-126, AND MIR-200C ARE JOINTLY INCREASED IN ME/CFS PATIENTS COMPARED TO HEALTHY CONTROLS. A SIMILAR FINDING WAS OBTAINED WHEN ANALYZING PUBLIC MIR DATA ON PERIPHERAL BLOOD MONONUCLEAR CELLS. BIOINFORMATICS ANALYSIS SHOWS THAT ENDOTHELIAL FUNCTION-RELATED SIGNALING PATHWAYS ARE ASSOCIATED WITH THESE MIRS, INCLUDING OXIDATIVE STRESS AND OXYGEN REGULATION. INTERESTINGLY, HISTONE DEACETYLASE 1, A PROTEIN RESPONSIBLE FOR EPIGENETIC REGULATIONS, REPRESENTED THE MOST RELEVANT NODE WITHIN THE NETWORK. IN CONCLUSION, OUR STUDY PROVIDES A BASIS TO FIND ENDOTHELIAL DYSFUNCTION-RELATED BIOMARKERS AND EXPLORE NOVEL TARGETS IN ME/CFS.	2021	
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      
4  4194  45 METABOLIC MEMORY IN DIABETIC FOOT SYNDROME (DFS): MICRO-RNAS, SINGLE NUCLEOTIDE POLYMORPHISMS (SNPS) FREQUENCY AND THEIR RELATIONSHIP WITH INDICES OF ENDOTHELIAL FUNCTION AND ADIPO-INFLAMMATORY DYSFUNCTION. BACKGROUND: DIABETIC FOOT IS A SIGNIFICANT CAUSE OF MORBIDITY IN DIABETIC PATIENTS, WITH A RATE THAT IS APPROXIMATELY TWICE THAT OF PATIENTS WITHOUT FOOT ULCERS. "METABOLIC MEMORY" REPRESENTS THE EPIGENETIC CHANGES INDUCED BY CHRONIC HYPERGLYCAEMIA, DESPITE THE CORRECTION OF THE GLUCOSE LEVELS THEMSELVES. THESE EPIGENETIC MODIFICATIONS APPEAR TO PERPETUATE THE DAMAGE CAUSED BY PERSISTENTLY ELEVATED GLUCOSE LEVELS EVEN IN THEIR ABSENCE, ACTING AT VARIOUS LEVELS, MOSTLY AFFECTING THE MOLECULAR PROCESSES OF DIABETIC ULCER HEALING. METHODS: THE AIM OF OUR CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY WAS TO ANALYSE A COHORT OF PATIENTS WITH DIABETES WITH AND WITHOUT LOWER LIMB ULCERS. WE EXAMINED THE EFFECTS OF EPIGENETIC CHANGES ON MIRNA 126, 305, AND 217 EXPRESSION AND THE FREQUENCY OF THE SNPS OF GENES ENCODING INFLAMMATORY MOLECULES (E.G., IL-6 AND TNF-ALPHA) AND THEIR CORRELATIONS WITH SERUM LEVELS OF PROANGIOGENIC MOLECULES (E.G., ENOS, VEGF AND HIF-1ALPHA) AND SEVERAL ADIPOKINES AS WELL AS WITH ENDOTHELIAL DYSFUNCTION, ASSESSED NONINVASIVELY BY REACTIVE HYPERAEMIA PERIPHERAL ARTERY TONOMETRY. BETWEEN MARCH 2021 AND JUNE 2022, 110 PATIENTS WERE ENROLLED INTO THE STUDY: 50 DIABETIC PATIENTS WITH DIABETIC FOOT INJURIES, 40 DIABETIC PATIENTS WITHOUT ULCERATIVE COMPLICATIONS AND 20 NONDIABETIC PATIENTS AS THE CONTROL GROUP. RESULTS: DIABETIC SUBJECTS WITH LOWER LIMB ULCERATIVE LESIONS EXHIBITED HIGHER LEVELS OF INFLAMMATORY CYTOKINES, SUCH AS VEGF (191.40 +/- 200 PG/ML VS. 98.27 +/- 56.92 PG/ML VS. 71.01 +/- 52.96 PG/ML; P = 0.22), HIF-1ALPHA (40.18 +/- 10.80 NG/ML VS. 33.50 +/- 6.16 NG/ML VS. 33.85 +/- 6.84 NG/ML; P = 0.10), AND GREMLIN-1 (1.72 +/- 0.512 NG/ML VS. 1.31 +/- 0.21 NG/ML VS. 1.11 +/- 0.19 NG/ML; P < 0.0005), THAN THOSE WITHOUT LOWER LIMB ULCERS AND HEALTHY CONTROLS. FURTHERMORE, WE OBSERVED THAT MIR-217-5P AND MIR-503-5P WERE 2.19-FOLD (P < 0.05) AND 6.21-FOLD (P = 0.001) MORE HIGHLY EXPRESSED IN DIABETIC FOOT PATIENTS THAN IN HEALTHY CONTROLS, RESPECTIVELY. ADDITIONALLY, DIABETIC PATIENTS WITHOUT LOWER LIMB ULCERATIVE COMPLICATIONS SHOWED 2.41-FOLD (P = 0) AND 2.24-FOLD (P = 0.029) HIGHER EXPRESSION OF MIR-217-5P AND MIR-503-5P, RESPECTIVELY, THAN HEALTHY CONTROLS. FINALLY, DIABETIC PATIENTS WITH AND WITHOUT ULCERATIVE COMPLICATIONS OF THE LOWER LIMBS SHOWED HIGHER EXPRESSION OF THE VEGFC2578A CC POLYMORPHISM (P = 0.001) AND LOWER EXPRESSION OF THE VEGFC2578A AC POLYMORPHISM (P < 0.005) THAN THE HEALTHY CONTROL POPULATION. WE OBSERVED A SIGNIFICANT INCREASE IN GREMLIN-1 LEVELS IN PATIENTS WITH DIABETIC FOOT, SUGGESTING THAT THIS INFLAMMATORY ADIPOKINE MAY SERVE AS A PREDICTIVE MARKER FOR THE DIAGNOSIS OF DIABETIC FOOT. CONCLUSIONS: OUR RESULTS HIGHLIGHTED THAT PATIENTS WITH DIABETIC FOOT SHOWED PREDOMINANT EXPRESSION OF THE VEGF C2578A CC POLYMORPHISM AND REDUCED EXPRESSION OF THE AC ALLELE. ADDITIONALLY, WE FOUND AN OVEREXPRESSION OF MIR-217-5P AND MIR-503-5P IN DIABETIC PATIENTS WITH AND WITHOUT DIABETIC FOOT SYNDROME COMPARED WITH HEALTHY CONTROLS. THESE RESULTS ALIGN WITH THOSE REPORTED IN THE LITERATURE, IN WHICH THE OVEREXPRESSION OF MIR-217-5P AND MIR-503-5P IN THE CONTEXT OF DIABETIC FOOT IS REPORTED. THE IDENTIFICATION OF THESE EPIGENETIC MODIFICATIONS COULD THEREFORE BE HELPFUL IN THE EARLY DIAGNOSIS OF DIABETIC FOOT AND THE TREATMENT OF RISK FACTORS. HOWEVER, FURTHER STUDIES ARE NECESSARY TO CONFIRM THIS HYPOTHESIS.	2023	

5  4303  34 MICRORNA-223 INHIBITS TISSUE FACTOR EXPRESSION IN VASCULAR ENDOTHELIAL CELLS. OBJECTIVE: ATHEROSCLEROSIS IS A CHRONIC INFLAMMATORY PROCESS, IN WHICH VASCULAR ENDOTHELIAL CELLS (ECS) BECOME DYSFUNCTIONAL OWING TO THE EFFECTS OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES, SUCH AS INFLAMMATORY FACTOR AND GROWTH FACTORS. TISSUE FACTOR (TF) EXPRESSION IS INDUCED BY THE ABOVE CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES IN ACTIVATED ECS. TF INITIATES THROMBOSIS ON DISRUPTED ATHEROSCLEROTIC PLAQUES WHICH PLAYS AN ESSENTIAL ROLE DURING THE ONSET OF ACUTE CORONARY SYNDROMES (ACS). INCREASING EVIDENCES SUGGEST THE IMPORTANT ROLE OF MICRORNAS AS EPIGENETIC REGULATORS OF ATHEROSCLEROTIC DISEASE. THE AIM OF OUR STUDY IS TO IDENTIFY IF MICRORNA-223 (MIR-223) TARGETS TF IN ECS. METHODS AND RESULTS: BIOINFORMATIC ANALYSIS SHOWED THAT TF IS A TARGET CANDIDATE OF MIR-223. WESTERN BLOTTING ANALYSIS REVEALED THAT TUMOR NECROSIS FACTOR ALPHA (TNF-ALPHA) INCREASED TF EXPRESSION IN AORTA OF C57BL/6J MICE AND CULTURED ECS (EA.HY926 CELLS AND HUVEC) AFTER 4 H TREATMENT. IN TNF-ALPHA TREATED ECS, TF MRNA WAS ALSO INCREASED MEASURED BY REAL-TIME PCR. REAL-TIME PCR RESULTS SHOWED THAT MIR-223 LEVELS WERE DOWNREGULATED IN TNF-ALPHA-TREATED AORTA OF C57BL/6J MICE AND CULTURED ECS. TRANSFECTION OF ECS WITH MIR-223 MIMIC OR MIR-223 INHIBITOR MODIFIED TF EXPRESSION BOTH IN MRNA AND PROTEIN LEVELS. LUCIFERASE ASSAYS CONFIRMED THAT MIR-223 SUPPRESSED TF EXPRESSION BY BINDING TO THE SEQUENCE OF TF 3'-UNTRANSLATED REGIONS (3'UTR). TF PROCOAGULANT ACTIVITY WAS INHIBITED BY OVEREXPRESSING MIR-223 WITH OR WITHOUT TNF-ALPHA STIMULATION. CONCLUSIONS: MIR-223-MEDIATED SUPPRESSION OF TF EXPRESSION PROVIDES A NOVEL MOLECULAR MECHANISM FOR THE REGULATION OF COAGULATION CASCADE, AND SUGGESTS A CLUE AGAINST THROMBOGENESIS DURING THE PROCESS OF ATHEROSCLEROTIC PLAQUE RUPTURE.	2014	
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                             
6  3460  46 HYPOMETHYLATION OF THE IL8 PROMOTER IN NASAL EPITHELIAL CELLS OF PATIENTS WITH CHRONIC RHINOSINUSITIS WITH NASAL POLYPS. BACKGROUND: IL-8 IS AN IMPORTANT CHEMOKINE IMPLICATED IN THE PATHOGENESIS OF CHRONIC RHINOSINUSITIS (CRS), BUT LITTLE IS KNOWN ABOUT EPIGENETIC REGULATION OF IL8 IN THE PATHOGENESIS OF CRS. OBJECTIVE: WE SOUGHT TO INVESTIGATE THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN THE DNA METHYLATION LEVEL IN THE IL8 PROXIMAL PROMOTER AND CRS IN HAN CHINESE SUBJECTS. METHODS: PATIENTS WITH CHRONIC RHINOSINUSITIS WITH NASAL POLYPS (CRSWNP; N = 187), PATIENTS WITH CHRONIC RHINOSINUSITIS WITHOUT NASAL POLYPS (CRSSNP; N = 89), AND CONTROL SUBJECTS (N = 57) WERE ENROLLED IN 2 INDEPENDENT COHORTS. PURIFIED HUMAN NASAL EPITHELIAL CELLS FROM EACH PARTICIPANT WERE ASSESSED FOR PERCENTAGE DNA METHYLATION OF CPG SITES IN THE IL8 PROXIMAL PROMOTER BY USING BISULFITE PYROSEQUENCING AND FOR FUNCTIONAL ASPECTS OF METHYLATION STATUS BY USING IN VITRO ASSAYS. RESULTS: DNA METHYLATION OF CPG SITES 1, 2, AND 3, RESPECTIVELY, IN THE IL8 PROXIMAL PROMOTER WAS SIGNIFICANTLY DECREASED IN HUMAN NASAL EPITHELIAL CELLS OF PATIENTS WITH CRSWNP COMPARED WITH THAT IN PATIENTS WITH CRSSNP (P < .001) AND CONTROL SUBJECTS (P < .001). PERCENTAGE OF DNA METHYLATION OF THE CPG3 SITE WAS CORRELATED NEGATIVELY WITH BOTH TISSUE EOSINOPHILIC CATIONIC PROTEIN (P < .01) AND MYELOPEROXIDASE (P < .05) LEVELS. IL-1BETA (P < .001) AND TNF-ALPHA (P < .01) SIGNIFICANTLY INCREASED IL8 EXPRESSION ACCOMPANIED BY A REDUCTION IN METHYLATION AT THE CPG3 SITE (P < .001). ELECTROPHORETIC MOBILITY SHIFT ASSAYS DEMONSTRATED THAT METHYLATION STATUS OF CPG3 CHANGED THE BINDING OF OCTAMER-BINDING TRANSCRIPTION FACTOR 1 AND NUCLEAR FACTOR KAPPAB. CONCLUSION: DECREASED DNA METHYLATION OF PARTICULARLY CPG SITES IN THE IL8 PROXIMAL PROMOTER MIGHT PLAY A ROLE IN THE PATHOGENESIS OF CRSWNP.	2019	
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                           
7  4349  30 MIR-155 AND MIR-122 EXPRESSION OF SPERMATOZOA IN OBESE SUBJECTS. OBESITY IS CHARACTERIZED BY MILD CHRONIC INFLAMMATION THAT IS LINKED WITH IMPAIRED IRON HOMEOSTASIS. STUDIES IN HUMAN AND MURINE SHOW THAT THERE IS A TRANSGENERATIONAL EPIGENETIC INHERITANCE VIA THE GAMETES IN OBESITY; HOWEVER, THERE IS LITTLE INFORMATION ON CHANGES IN THE EXPRESSION OF MICRORNAS RELATED TO INFLAMMATION AND IRON HOMEOSTASIS IN SPERMATOZOA FROM OBESE SUBJECTS. THE PRESENT STUDY INVESTIGATED THE EXPRESSION OF MICRORNAS RELATED TO INFLAMMATION (MIR-21 Y MIR-155) AND IRON NUTRITION (MIR-122 AND MIR-200B) IN PLASMA, PERIPHERAL BLOOD MONONUCLEAR CELLS (PBMC) AND SPERMATOZOA FROM NORMOZOOSPERMIC CONTROLS (CN; N = 17; BMI: 24.6 +/- 2.0) AND OBESE (OB; N = 17; BMI: 32.6 +/- 4.4) MEN. TO DETERMINE THE INFLAMMATION LEVELS, WE MEASURED IL-6, TNF-ALPHA, AND MONOCYTE CHEMOATTRACTANT PROTEIN-1 (MCP1) BY MAGNETIC LUMINEX((R)) ASSAY. MRNA EXPRESSION OF IL6, TNF-ALPHA, AND HEPCIDIN (HAMP) IN PBMC WERE EVALUATED BY RT-QPCR. THE ANALYSIS OF MICRORNAS WAS PERFORMED USING THE TAQMAN((R)) ASSAYS. THE IRON CONTENT IN PBMC, SEMINAL PLASMA, AND SPERMATOZOA WAS DETERMINED BY INDUCTIVELY COUPLED PLASMA MASS SPECTROMETRY (ICP-MS). HIGH SERUM IL6, TNF-ALPHA, AND MCP1 LEVELS WERE OBSERVED IN OB GROUP (P < 0.05). GENE EXPRESSION ANALYSIS SHOWED AN INCREASED ABUNDANCE RELATIVE OF TNF-ALPHA (P = 0.018), HAMP (P = 0.03), AND IL6 (P = 0.02) IN PBMC FROM OBESE SUBJECTS. ALSO, WE OBSERVED HIGH LEVELS OF SERUM FERRITIN (P = 0.03), IRON CONTENT IN SEMINAL PLASMA (P = 0.04), AND SPERMATOZOA (P = 0.002), BUT LOWER SERUM FE (P = 0.007) IN OBESE SUBJECTS. IN THE OB GROUP, A HIGH EXPRESSION OF MIR-155 (P = 0.02) AND MIR-21 (P = 0.03) WAS OBSERVED IN PBMC AND MIR-122 (P = 0.03) IN PLASMA. IN SPERM, BOTH MIR-155 (P = 0.004) AND MIR-122 (P = 0.028) WERE HIGH IN THE OB GROUP. OUR RESULTS SHOWED THAT OBESE SUBJECTS HAVE INCREASED EXPRESSIONS OF MIR-155 AND MIR-122, TWO MICRORNAS THAT WERE PREVIOUSLY RELATED WITH INFLAMMATION AND IRON METABOLISM, RESPECTIVELY, AT BOTH THE SYSTEMIC AND SPERM LEVELS.	2018	
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                
8  1026  35 CIRCULATING MIRNAS EXPRESSION IN MYALGIC ENCEPHALOMYELITIS/CHRONIC FATIGUE SYNDROME. MYALGIC ENCEPHALOMYELITIS/CHRONIC FATIGUE SYNDROME (ME/CFS) IS A COMPLEX MULTIFACTORIAL DISEASE THAT CAUSES INCREASING MORBIDITY WORLDWIDE, AND MANY INDIVIDUALS WITH ME/CFS SYMPTOMS REMAIN UNDIAGNOSED DUE TO THE LACK OF DIAGNOSTIC BIOMARKERS. ITS ETIOLOGY IS STILL UNKNOWN, BUT INCREASING EVIDENCE SUPPORTS A ROLE OF HERPESVIRUSES (INCLUDING HHV-6A AND HHV-6B) AS POTENTIAL TRIGGERS. INTERESTINGLY, THE INFECTION BY THESE VIRUSES HAS BEEN REPORTED TO IMPACT THE EXPRESSION OF MICRORNAS (MIRNAS), SHORT NON-CODING RNA SEQUENCES WHICH HAVE BEEN SUGGESTED TO BE EPIGENETIC FACTORS MODULATING ME/CFS PATHOGENIC MECHANISMS. NOTABLY, THE PRESENCE OF CIRCULATING MIRNAS IN PLASMA HAS RAISED THE POSSIBILITY TO USE THEM AS VALUABLE BIOMARKERS FOR DISTINGUISHING ME/CFS PATIENTS FROM HEALTHY CONTROLS. THUS, THIS STUDY AIMED AT DETERMINING THE ROLE OF EIGHT MIRNAS, WHICH WERE SELECTED FOR THEIR PREVIOUS ASSOCIATION WITH ME/CFS, AS POTENTIAL CIRCULATING BIOMARKERS OF THE DISEASE. THEIR PRESENCE WAS QUANTITATIVELY EVALUATED IN PLASMA FROM 40 ME/CFS PATIENTS AND 20 HEALTHY CONTROLS BY SPECIFIC TAQMAN ASSAYS, AND THE RESULTS SHOWED THAT SIX OUT OF THE EIGHT OF THE SELECTED MIRNAS WERE DIFFERENTLY EXPRESSED IN PATIENTS COMPARED TO CONTROLS; MORE SPECIFICALLY, FIVE MIRNAS WERE SIGNIFICANTLY UPREGULATED (MIR-127-3P, MIR-142-5P, MIR-143-3P, MIR-150-5P, AND MIR-448), AND ONE WAS DOWNMODULATED (MIR-140-5P). MIRNA LEVELS DIRECTLY CORRELATED WITH DISEASE SEVERITY, WHEREAS NO SIGNIFICANT CORRELATIONS WERE OBSERVED WITH THE PLASMA LEVELS OF SEVEN PRO-INFLAMMATORY CYTOKINES OR WITH THE PRESENCE/LOAD OF HHV-6A/6B GENOME, AS JUDGED BY SPECIFIC PCR AMPLIFICATION. THE RESULTS MAY OPEN THE WAY FOR FURTHER VALIDATION OF MIRNAS AS NEW POTENTIAL BIOMARKERS IN ME/CFS AND INCREASE THE KNOWLEDGE OF THE COMPLEX PATHWAYS INVOLVED IN THE ME/CFS DEVELOPMENT.	2023	
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            
9  5479  33 RESVERATROL ATTENUATES CIGARETTE SMOKE EXTRACT INDUCED CELLULAR SENESCENCE IN HUMAN AIRWAY EPITHELIAL CELLS BY REGULATING THE MIR-34A/SIRT1/NF-KAPPAB PATHWAY. CHRONIC OBSTRUCTIVE PULMONARY DISEASE (COPD) IS CHARACTERIZED BY ACCELERATED LUNG AGING. SMOKING IS THE CRITICAL RISK FACTOR FOR COPD. CELLULAR SENESCENCE OF AIRWAY EPITHELIAL CELLS IS THE CYTOLOGICAL BASIS OF ACCELERATED LUNG AGING IN COPD, AND THE REGULATION OF MICRORNAS (MIRNAS) IS THE CENTRAL EPIGENETIC MECHANISM OF CELLULAR SENESCENCE. RESVERATROL (RES) IS A POLYPHENOL WITH ANTI-AGING PROPERTIES. THIS STUDY INVESTIGATED WHETHER RES ATTENUATES CIGARETTE SMOKE EXTRACT (CSE)-INDUCED CELLULAR SENESCENCE IN HUMAN AIRWAY EPITHELIAL CELLS (BEAS-2B) THROUGH THE MIR-34A/SIRT1/NUCLEAR FACTOR-KAPPAB (NF-KAPPAB) PATHWAY. BEAS-2B CELLS WERE TREATED WITH RES, CSE AND TRANSFECTED WITH MIR-34A-5P MIMICS. CELLULAR SENESCENCE WAS EVALUATED BY SENESCENCE -RELATED BETA-GALACTOSIDASE (SA-BETA-GAL) STAINING AND EXPRESSION OF SENESCENCE-RELATED GENES (P16, P21, AND P53). THE EXPRESSIONS OF MIR-34A-5P, SIRT1, AND NF-KAPPAB P65 WERE EXAMINED USING QUANTITATIVE REAL TIME POLYMERASE CHAIN REACTION AND WESTERN BLOTTING. THE SENESCENCE-ASSOCIATED SECRETORY PHENOTYPE (SASP) CYTOKINES (IL-1BETA, IL-6, IL-8, TNF-ALPHA) WERE ASSESSED BY ENZYME-LINKED IMMUNOSORBENT ASSAY. THE BINDING BETWEEN MIR-34A-5P AND SIRT1 WAS CONFIRMED BY DUAL-LUCIFERASE REPORTER ASSAY. THE RESULTS SHOWED THAT CSE DOSE-DEPENDENTLY DECREASED CELL VIABILITY AND ELEVATED CELLULAR SENESCENCE, CHARACTERIZED BY INCREASED SA-BETA-GAL STAINING AND SENESCENCE-RELATED GENE EXPRESSIONS (P16, P21, AND P53). FURTHER, CSE DOSE-DEPENDENTLY INCREASED THE EXPRESSION OF MIR-34A-5P AND SASP CYTOKINES (IL-1BETA, IL-6, IL-8, TNF-ALPHA) IN BEAS-2B CELLS. PRETREATMENT WITH RES INHIBITED CSE-INDUCED CELLULAR SENESCENCE AND SECRETION OF SASP CYTOKINES (IL-1BETA, IL-6, IL-8, TNF-ALPHA) IN A DOSE-DEPENDENT MANNER. MOREOVER, RES REVERSED THE CSE-INDUCED DOWN-REGULATION OF SIRT1 AND UP-REGULATION OF MIR-34A-5P AND NF-KAPPAB P65. SIRT1 IS A TARGET OF MIR-34A-5P. OVEREXPRESSION OF MIR-34A-5P VIA TRANSFECTION WITH MIR-34A-5P MIMIC IN BEAS-2B CELLS ATTENUATED THE INHIBITORY EFFECT OF RES ON CELLULAR SENESCENCE, ACCOMPANIED BY REVERSING THE EXPRESSION OF SIRT1 AND NF-KAPPAB P65. IN CONCLUSION, RES ATTENUATED CSE-INDUCED CELLULAR SENESCENCE IN BEAS-2B CELLS BY REGULATING THE MIR-34A/SIRT1/NF-KAPPAB PATHWAY, WHICH MAY PROVIDE A NEW APPROACH FOR COPD TREATMENT.	2022	
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                           
10  2326  30 EPIGENETIC REGULATION OF HOTAIR IN ADVANCED CHRONIC MYELOID LEUKEMIA. PURPOSE: CHRONIC MYELOID LEUKEMIA (CML) ACCOUNTS FOR ~10% OF LEUKEMIA CASES, AND ITS PROGRESSION INVOLVES EPIGENETIC GENE REGULATION. THIS STUDY INVESTIGATED EPIGENETIC REGULATION OF HOTAIR AND ITS TARGET MICRORNA, MIR-143, IN ADVANCED CML. PATIENTS AND METHODS: WE FIRST ISOLATED BONE MARROW MONONUCLEAR CELLS FROM 70 PATIENTS WITH DIFFERENT PHASES OF CML AND FROM HEALTHY DONORS AS NORMAL CONTROL; WE ALSO CULTURED K562 AND KCL22 CELLS, TREATED WITH DEMETHYLATION DRUG; MTT ASSAY, FLOW CYTOMETRY, QUANTITATIVE REAL-TIME POLYMERASE CHAIN REACTION (QPCR), METHYLATION-SPECIFIC POLYMERASE CHAIN REACTION (MSP), WESTERN BLOT, LUCIFERASE ASSAY, RNA PULL-DOWN ASSAY AND RNA-BINDING PROTEIN IMMUNOPRECIPITATION (RIP) ASSAY WERE PERFORMED. RESULT: AS MEASURED BY QPCR, HOTAIR EXPRESSION IN K562 CELLS, KCL22 CELLS, AND SAMPLES FROM CASES OF ADVANCED-STAGE CML INCREASED WITH LEVELS OF SEVERAL DNA METHYLTRANSFERASES AND HISTONE DEACETYLATES, INCLUDING DNMT1, DNMT3A, HDAC1, EZH2, AND LSD1, AND MIR-143 LEVELS WERE DECREASED AND HOTAIR LEVELS WERE INCREASED. TREATMENT WITH 5-AZACYTIDINE, A DNA METHYLATION INHIBITOR, DECREASED DNMT1, DNMT3A, HDAC1, EZH2, LSD1 MRNA, PROTEIN LEVELS, AND HOTAIR MRNA LEVELS BUT INCREASED MIR-143 LEVELS. HOTAIR KNOCKDOWN AND MIR-143 OVEREXPRESSION BOTH INHIBITED PROLIFERATION AND PROMOTED APOPTOSIS IN KCL22 AND K562 CELLS THROUGH THE PI3K/AKT PATHWAY. RNA PULL-DOWN, MASS SPECTROMETRY, AND RIP ASSAYS SHOWED THAT HOTAIR INTERACTED WITH EZH2 AND LSD1. A DUAL-LUCIFERASE ASSAY DEMONSTRATED THAT HOTAIR INTERACTED WITH MIR-143. CONCLUSION: OUR FINDINGS DEMONSTRATE THE KEY EPIGENETIC INTERACTIONS OF HOTAIR RELATED TO CML PROGRESSION AND SUGGEST HOTAIR AS A POTENTIAL THERAPEUTIC TARGET FOR ADVANCED CML. FURTHERMORE, OUR RESULTS SUPPORT THE USE OF DEMETHYLATION DRUGS AS A CML TREATMENT STRATEGY.	2018	
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            
11  3456  37 HYPOMETHYLATION OF IL1RN AND NFKB1 GENES IS LINKED TO THE DYSBALANCE IN IL1BETA/IL-1RA AXIS IN FEMALE PATIENTS WITH TYPE 2 DIABETES MELLITUS. INFLAMMATION HAS RECEIVED CONSIDERABLE ATTENTION IN THE PATHOGENESIS OF TYPE 2 DIABETES MELLITUS (T2DM). SUPPORTING THIS CONCEPT, ENHANCED EXPRESSION OF INTERLEUKIN (IL)-1BETA AND INCREASED INFILTRATION OF MACROPHAGES ARE OBSERVED IN PANCREATIC ISLETS OF PATIENTS WITH T2DM. ALTHOUGH IL-1 RECEPTOR ANTAGONIST (IL-1RA) PLAYS A MAJOR ROLE IN CONTROLLING OF IL-1BETA-MEDIATED INFLAMMATION, ITS COUNTERACTION EFFECTS AND EPIGENETIC ALTERATIONS IN T2DM ARE LESS STUDIED. THUS, WE AIMED TO ANALYZE THE DNA METHYLATION STATUS IN IL1RN, RELA (P65) AND NFKB1 (P50) GENES IN PERIPHERAL BLOOD MONONUCLEAR CELLS (PBMCS) FROM TREATED T2DM PATIENTS (N = 35) AND AGE-/SEX- MATCHED HEALTHY CONTROLS (N = 31). PRODUCTION OF IL-1BETA AND IL-1RA WAS ANALYZED IN PLASMA AND SUPERNATANTS FROM LPS-INDUCED PBMCS. IMMUNOMODULATORY EFFECTS OF IL-1BETA AND IL-1RA WERE STUDIED ON THP-1 CELLS. AVERAGE DNA METHYLATION LEVEL OF IL1RN AND NFKB1 GENE PROMOTERS WAS SIGNIFICANTLY DECREASED IN T2DM PATIENTS IN COMPARISON WITH HEALTHY CONTROLS (P< 0.05), WHICH WAS ASSOCIATED WITH THE INCREASED IL-1RA (P< 0.001) AND IL-1BETA (P = 0.039) PLASMA LEVELS IN T2DM PATIENTS. NEGATIVE ASSOCIATION BETWEEN AVERAGE METHYLATION OF IL1RN GENE AND IL-1RA PLASMA LEVELS WERE OBSERVED IN FEMALE T2DM PATIENTS. METHYLATION OF NFKB1 GENE WAS NEGATIVELY CORRELATED WITH IL-1RA LEVELS IN THE PATIENTS AND POSITIVELY WITH IL-1BETA LEVELS IN FEMALE PATIENTS. LPS-STIMULATED PBMCS FROM FEMALE PATIENTS FAILED TO RAISE IL-1BETA PRODUCTION, WHILE THE CELLS FROM HEALTHY FEMALES INCREASED IL-1BETA PRODUCTION IN COMPARISON WITH UNSTIMULATED CELLS (P< 0.001). TAKEN TOGETHER, THE FINDINGS SUGGEST THAT HYPOMETHYLATION OF IL1RN AND NFKB1 GENE PROMOTERS MAY PROMOTE THE INCREASED IL-1BETA/IL-1RA PRODUCTION AND REGULATE CHRONIC INFLAMMATION IN T2DM. FURTHER STUDIES ARE NECESSARY TO ELUCIDATE THE CAUSAL DIRECTION OF THESE ASSOCIATIONS AND POTENTIAL ROLE OF IL-1RA IN ANTI-INFLAMMATORY PROCESSES IN TREATED PATIENTS WITH T2DM.	2020	
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                
12   223  40 ACUTE PSYCHOSOCIAL STRESS-MEDIATED CHANGES IN THE EXPRESSION AND METHYLATION OF PERFORIN IN CHRONIC FATIGUE SYNDROME. PERFORIN (PRF1) IS ESSENTIAL FOR IMMUNE SURVEILLANCE AND STUDIES REPORT DECREASED PERFORIN IN CHRONIC FATIGUE SYNDROME (CFS), AN ILLNESS POTENTIALLY ASSOCIATED WITH STRESS AND/OR INFECTION. WE HYPOTHESIZE THAT STRESS CAN INFLUENCE REGULATION OF PRF1 EXPRESSION, AND THAT THIS REGULATION WILL DIFFER BETWEEN CFS AND NON-FATIGUED (NF) CONTROLS. WE USED THE TRIER SOCIAL STRESS TEST (TSST) AS A STANDARDIZED ACUTE PSYCHOSOCIAL STRESS, AND EVALUATED ITS EFFECT ON PRF1 EXPRESSION AND METHYLATION IN CFS (N = 34) COMPARED WITH NF (N = 47) PARTICIPANTS. DURING THE TSST, NATURAL KILLER (NK) CELLS INCREASED SIGNIFICANTLY IN BOTH CFS (P = <0.0001) AND NF SUBJECTS (P = <0.0001). UNLIKE PREVIOUS REPORTS, THERE WAS NO SIGNIFICANT DIFFERENCE IN PRF1 EXPRESSION AT BASELINE OR DURING TSST BETWEEN CFS AND NF. HOWEVER, WHOLE BLOOD PRF1 EXPRESSION INCREASED 1.6 FOLD DURING THE TSST IN BOTH CFS (P = 0.0003) AND NF (P = <0.0001). FURTHER, THE PEAK RESPONSE IMMEDIATELY FOLLOWING THE TSST WAS LOWER IN CFS COMPARED WITH NF (P = 0.04). IN ADDITION, AT 1.5 HOURS POST TSST, PRF1 EXPRESSION WAS ELEVATED IN CFS COMPARED WITH NF (WHOLE BLOOD, P = 0.06; PBMC, P = 0.02). METHYLATION OF SEVEN CPG SITES IN THE METHYLATION SENSITIVE REGION OF THE PRF1 PROMOTER RANGED FROM 38%-79% WITH NO SIGNIFICANT DIFFERENCES BETWEEN CFS AND NF. ALTHOUGH, THE AVERAGE BASELINE METHYLATION OF ALL SEVEN CPG SITES DID NOT DIFFER BETWEEN CFS AND NF GROUPS, IT SHOWED A SIGNIFICANT NEGATIVE CORRELATION WITH PRF1 EXPRESSION AT ALL TSST TIME POINTS IN BOTH CFS (R = -0.56, P = <0.0001) AND NF (R = -0.38, P = <0.0001). AMONG PARTICIPANTS WITH HIGH AVERAGE METHYLATION (>/=65%), PRF1 EXPRESSION WAS SIGNIFICANTLY LOWER IN CFS THAN NF SUBJECTS IMMEDIATELY FOLLOWING TSST. THESE FINDINGS SUGGEST METHYLATION COULD BE AN IMPORTANT EPIGENETIC DETERMINANT OF INTER-INDIVIDUAL DIFFERENCES IN PRF1 EXPRESSION AND THAT THE DIFFERENCES IN PRF1 EXPRESSION AND METHYLATION BETWEEN CFS AND NF IN THE ACUTE STRESS RESPONSE REQUIRE FURTHER INVESTIGATION.	2013	
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        
13  2207  44 EPIGENETIC MODIFICATIONS AND GLUCOCORTICOID SENSITIVITY IN MYALGIC ENCEPHALOMYELITIS/CHRONIC FATIGUE SYNDROME (ME/CFS). BACKGROUND: MYALGIC ENCEPHALOMYELITIS/CHRONIC FATIGUE SYNDROME (ME/CFS) IS A DEBILITATING IDIOPATHIC DISEASE CHARACTERIZED BY UNEXPLAINED FATIGUE THAT FAILS TO RESOLVE WITH SUFFICIENT REST. DIAGNOSIS IS BASED ON A LIST OF SYMPTOMS AND EXCLUSION OF OTHER FATIGUE-RELATED HEALTH CONDITIONS. DESPITE A HETEROGENEOUS PATIENT POPULATION, IMMUNE AND HYPOTHALAMIC-PITUITARY-ADRENAL (HPA) AXIS FUNCTION DIFFERENCES, SUCH AS ENHANCED NEGATIVE FEEDBACK TO GLUCOCORTICOIDS, ARE RECURRING FINDINGS IN ME/CFS STUDIES. EPIGENETIC MODIFICATIONS, SUCH AS CPG METHYLATION, ARE KNOWN TO REGULATE LONG-TERM PHENOTYPIC DIFFERENCES AND PREVIOUS WORK BY OUR GROUP FOUND DNA METHYLOME DIFFERENCES IN ME/CFS, HOWEVER THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN DNA METHYLOME MODIFICATIONS, CLINICAL AND FUNCTIONAL CHARACTERISTICS ASSOCIATED WITH ME/CFS HAS NOT BEEN EXAMINED. METHODS: WE EXAMINED THE DNA METHYLOME IN PERIPHERAL BLOOD MONONUCLEAR CELLS (PBMCS) OF A LARGER COHORT OF FEMALE ME/CFS PATIENTS USING THE ILLUMINA HUMANMETHYLATION450 BEADCHIP ARRAY. IN PARALLEL TO THE DNA METHYLOME ANALYSIS, WE INVESTIGATED IN VITRO GLUCOCORTICOID SENSITIVITY DIFFERENCES BY STIMULATING PBMCS WITH PHYTOHAEMAGGLUTININ AND SUPPRESSED GROWTH WITH DEXAMETHASONE. WE EXPLORED DNA METHYLATION DIFFERENCES USING BISULFITE PYROSEQUENCING AND STATISTICAL PERMUTATION. LINEAR REGRESSION WAS IMPLEMENTED TO DISCOVER EPIGENOMIC REGIONS ASSOCIATED WITH SELF-REPORTED QUALITY OF LIFE AND NETWORK ANALYSIS OF GENE ONTOLOGY TERMS TO BIOLOGICALLY CONTEXTUALIZE RESULTS. RESULTS: WE DETECTED 12,608 DIFFERENTIALLY METHYLATED SITES BETWEEN ME/CFS PATIENTS AND HEALTHY CONTROLS PREDOMINANTLY LOCALIZED TO CELLULAR METABOLISM GENES, SOME OF WHICH WERE ALSO RELATED TO SELF-REPORTED QUALITY OF LIFE HEALTH SCORES. AMONG ME/CFS PATIENTS, GLUCOCORTICOID SENSITIVITY WAS ASSOCIATED WITH DIFFERENTIAL METHYLATION AT 13 LOCI. CONCLUSIONS: OUR RESULTS INDICATE DNA METHYLATION MODIFICATIONS IN CELLULAR METABOLISM IN ME/CFS DESPITE A HETEROGENEOUS PATIENT POPULATION, IMPLICATING THESE PROCESSES IN IMMUNE AND HPA AXIS DYSFUNCTION IN ME/CFS. MODIFICATIONS TO EPIGENETIC LOCI ASSOCIATED WITH DIFFERENCES IN GLUCOCORTICOID SENSITIVITY MAY BE IMPORTANT AS BIOMARKERS FOR FUTURE CLINICAL TESTING. OVERALL, THESE FINDINGS ALIGN WITH RECENT ME/CFS WORK THAT POINT TOWARDS IMPAIRMENT IN CELLULAR ENERGY PRODUCTION IN THIS PATIENT POPULATION.	2017	
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                               
14  2825  50 FLOW-DEPENDENT EPIGENETIC REGULATION OF IGFBP5 EXPRESSION BY H3K27ME3 CONTRIBUTES TO ENDOTHELIAL ANTI-INFLAMMATORY EFFECTS. RATIONALE: ATHEROSCLEROSIS IS A CHRONIC INFLAMMATORY AND EPIGENETIC DISEASE THAT IS INFLUENCED BY DIFFERENT PATTERNS OF BLOOD FLOW. HOWEVER, THE EPIGENETIC MECHANISM WHEREBY ATHEROPROTECTIVE FLOW CONTROLS ENDOTHELIAL GENE PROGRAMMING REMAINS ELUSIVE. HERE, WE INVESTIGATED THE POSSIBILITY THAT FLOW ALTERS ENDOTHELIAL GENE EXPRESSION THROUGH EPIGENETIC MECHANISMS. METHODS: EN FACE STAINING AND WESTERN BLOT WERE USED TO DETECT PROTEIN EXPRESSION. REAL-TIME PCR WAS USED TO DETERMINE RELATIVE GENE EXPRESSION. RNA-SEQUENCING OF HUMAN UMBILICAL VEIN ENDOTHELIAL CELLS TREATED WITH SIRNA OF ENHANCER OF ZESTE HOMOLOG 2 (EZH2) OR LAMINAR FLOW WAS USED FOR TRANSCRIPTIONAL PROFILING. RESULTS: WE FOUND THAT TRIMETHYLATION OF HISTONE 3 LYSINE 27 (H3K27ME3), A REPRESSIVE EPIGENETIC MARK THAT ORCHESTRATES GENE REPRESSION, WAS REDUCED IN LAMINAR FLOW AREAS OF MOUSE AORTA AND FLOW-TREATED HUMAN ENDOTHELIAL CELLS. THE DECREASE OF H3K27ME3 PARALLELED A REDUCTION IN THE EPIGENETIC "WRITER"-EZH2, THE CATALYTIC SUBUNIT OF THE POLYCOMB REPRESSIVE COMPLEX 2 (PRC2). MOREOVER, LAMINAR FLOW DECREASED EXPRESSION OF EZH2 VIA MECHANOSENSITIVE MIR101. GENOME-WIDE TRANSCRIPTOME PROFILING STUDIES IN ENDOTHELIAL CELLS TREATED WITH EZH2 SIRNA AND FLOW REVEALED THE UPREGULATION OF NOVEL MECHANOSENSITIVE GENE IGFBP5 (INSULIN-LIKE GROWTH FACTOR-BINDING PROTEIN 5), WHICH IS EPIGENETICALLY SILENCED BY H3K27ME3. FUNCTIONALLY, INHIBITION OF H3K27ME3 BY EZH2 SIRNA OR GSK126 (A SPECIFIC EZH2 INHIBITOR) REDUCED H3K27ME3 LEVELS AND MONOCYTE ADHESION TO ENDOTHELIAL CELLS. ADENOVIRAL OVEREXPRESSION OF IGFBP5 ALSO RECAPITULATED THE ANTI-INFLAMMATORY EFFECTS OF H3K27ME3 INHIBITION. MORE IMPORTANTLY, WE OBSERVED EZH2 UPREGULATION, AND IGFBP5 DOWNREGULATION, IN ADVANCED ATHEROSCLEROTIC PLAQUES FROM HUMAN PATIENTS. CONCLUSION: TAKEN TOGETHER, OUR FINDINGS REVEAL THAT ATHEROPROTECTIVE FLOW REDUCES H3K27ME3 AS A CHROMATIN-BASED MECHANISM TO AUGMENT THE EXPRESSION OF GENES THAT CONFER AN ANTI-INFLAMMATORY RESPONSE IN THE ENDOTHELIUM. OUR STUDY EXEMPLIFIES FLOW-DEPENDENT EPIGENETIC REGULATION OF ENDOTHELIAL GENE EXPRESSION, AND ALSO SUGGESTS THAT TARGETING THE EZH2/H3K27ME3/IGFBP5 PATHWAY MAY OFFER NOVEL THERAPEUTICS FOR INFLAMMATORY DISORDERS SUCH AS ATHEROSCLEROSIS.	2018	
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          
15  5760  40 SOLUBLE URIC ACID PRIMES TLR-INDUCED PROINFLAMMATORY CYTOKINE PRODUCTION BY HUMAN PRIMARY CELLS VIA INHIBITION OF IL-1RA. OBJECTIVES: THE STUDY OF THE PROINFLAMMATORY ROLE OF URIC ACID HAS FOCUSED ON THE EFFECTS OF ITS CRYSTALS OF MONOSODIUM URATE (MSU). HOWEVER, LITTLE IS KNOWN WHETHER URIC ACID ITSELF CAN DIRECTLY HAVE PROINFLAMMATORY EFFECTS. IN THIS STUDY, WE INVESTIGATE THE PRIMING EFFECTS OF URIC ACID EXPOSURE ON THE CYTOKINE PRODUCTION OF PRIMARY HUMAN CELLS UPON STIMULATION WITH GOUT-RELATED STIMULI. METHODS: PERIPHERAL BLOOD MONONUCLEAR CELLS (PBMCS) WERE HARVESTED FROM PATIENTS WITH GOUT AND HEALTHY VOLUNTEERS. CELLS WERE PRETREATED WITH OR WITHOUT URIC ACID IN SOLUBLE FORM FOR 24 H AND THEN STIMULATED FOR 24 H WITH TOLL-LIKE RECEPTOR (TLR)2 OR TLR4 LIGANDS IN THE PRESENCE OR ABSENCE OF MSU CRYSTALS. CYTOKINE PRODUCTION WAS MEASURED BY ELISA; MRNA LEVELS WERE ASSESSED USING QPCR. RESULTS: THE PRODUCTION OF INTERLEUKIN (IL)-1BETA AND IL-6 WAS HIGHER IN PATIENTS COMPARED WITH CONTROLS AND THIS CORRELATED WITH SERUM URATE LEVELS. PROINFLAMMATORY CYTOKINE PRODUCTION WAS SIGNIFICANTLY POTENTIATED WHEN CELLS FROM HEALTHY SUBJECTS WERE PRETREATED WITH URIC ACID. SURPRISINGLY, THIS WAS ASSOCIATED WITH A SIGNIFICANT DOWNREGULATION OF THE ANTI-INFLAMMATORY CYTOKINE IL-1 RECEPTOR ANTAGONIST (IL-1RA). THIS EFFECT WAS SPECIFIC TO STIMULATION BY URIC ACID AND WAS EXERTED AT THE LEVEL OF GENE TRANSCRIPTION. EPIGENETIC REPROGRAMMING AT THE LEVEL OF HISTONE METHYLATION BY URIC ACID WAS INVOLVED IN THIS EFFECT. CONCLUSIONS: IN THIS STUDY WE DEMONSTRATE A MECHANISM THROUGH WHICH HIGH CONCENTRATIONS OF URIC ACID (UP TO 50 MG/DL) INFLUENCE INFLAMMATORY RESPONSES BY FACILITATING IL-1BETA PRODUCTION IN PBMCS. WE SHOW THAT A MECHANISM FOR THE AMPLIFICATION OF IL-1BETA CONSISTS IN THE DOWNREGULATION OF IL-1RA AND THAT THIS EFFECT COULD BE EXERTED VIA EPIGENETIC MECHANISMS SUCH AS HISTONE METHYLATION. HYPERURICAEMIA CAUSES A SHIFT IN THE IL-1BETA/IL-1RA BALANCE PRODUCED BY PBMCS AFTER EXPOSURE TO MSU CRYSTALS AND TLR-MEDIATED STIMULI, AND THIS PHENOMENON IS LIKELY TO REINFORCE THE ENHANCED STATE OF CHRONIC INFLAMMATION.	2016	
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  
16   169  40 ABNORMALITIES OF AMPK ACTIVATION AND GLUCOSE UPTAKE IN CULTURED SKELETAL MUSCLE CELLS FROM INDIVIDUALS WITH CHRONIC FATIGUE SYNDROME. BACKGROUND: POST EXERTIONAL MUSCLE FATIGUE IS A KEY FEATURE IN CHRONIC FATIGUE SYNDROME (CFS). ABNORMALITIES OF SKELETAL MUSCLE FUNCTION HAVE BEEN IDENTIFIED IN SOME BUT NOT ALL PATIENTS WITH CFS. TO TRY TO LIMIT POTENTIAL CONFOUNDERS THAT MIGHT CONTRIBUTE TO THIS CLINICAL HETEROGENEITY, WE DEVELOPED A NOVEL IN VITRO SYSTEM THAT ALLOWS COMPARISON OF AMP KINASE (AMPK) ACTIVATION AND METABOLIC RESPONSES TO EXERCISE IN CULTURED SKELETAL MUSCLE CELLS FROM CFS PATIENTS AND CONTROL SUBJECTS. METHODS: SKELETAL MUSCLE CELL CULTURES WERE ESTABLISHED FROM 10 SUBJECTS WITH CFS AND 7 AGE-MATCHED CONTROLS, SUBJECTED TO ELECTRICAL PULSE STIMULATION (EPS) FOR UP TO 24H AND EXAMINED FOR CHANGES ASSOCIATED WITH EXERCISE. RESULTS: IN THE BASAL STATE, CFS CULTURES SHOWED INCREASED MYOGENIN EXPRESSION BUT DECREASED IL6 SECRETION DURING DIFFERENTIATION COMPARED WITH CONTROL CULTURES. CONTROL CULTURES SUBJECTED TO 16 H EPS SHOWED A SIGNIFICANT INCREASE IN BOTH AMPK PHOSPHORYLATION AND GLUCOSE UPTAKE COMPARED WITH UNSTIMULATED CELLS. IN CONTRAST, CFS CULTURES SHOWED NO INCREASE IN AMPK PHOSPHORYLATION OR GLUCOSE UPTAKE AFTER 16 H EPS. HOWEVER, GLUCOSE UPTAKE REMAINED RESPONSIVE TO INSULIN IN THE CFS CELLS POINTING TO AN EXERCISE-RELATED DEFECT. IL6 SECRETION IN RESPONSE TO EPS WAS SIGNIFICANTLY REDUCED IN CFS COMPARED WITH CONTROL CULTURES AT ALL TIME POINTS MEASURED. CONCLUSION: EPS IS AN EFFECTIVE MODEL FOR ELICITING MUSCLE CONTRACTION AND THE METABOLIC CHANGES ASSOCIATED WITH EXERCISE IN CULTURED SKELETAL MUSCLE CELLS. WE FOUND FOUR MAIN DIFFERENCES IN CULTURED SKELETAL MUSCLE CELLS FROM SUBJECTS WITH CFS; INCREASED MYOGENIN EXPRESSION IN THE BASAL STATE, IMPAIRED ACTIVATION OF AMPK, IMPAIRED STIMULATION OF GLUCOSE UPTAKE AND DIMINISHED RELEASE OF IL6. THE RETENTION OF THESE DIFFERENCES IN CULTURED MUSCLE CELLS FROM CFS SUBJECTS POINTS TO A GENETIC/EPIGENETIC MECHANISM, AND PROVIDES A SYSTEM TO IDENTIFY NOVEL THERAPEUTIC TARGETS.	2015	
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  
17  5716  34 SIRT6 PROTECTS VASCULAR SMOOTH MUSCLE CELLS FROM OSTEOGENIC TRANSDIFFERENTIATION VIA RUNX2 IN CHRONIC KIDNEY DISEASE. VASCULAR CALCIFICATION (VC) IS REGARDED AS AN IMPORTANT PATHOLOGICAL CHANGE LACKING EFFECTIVE TREATMENT AND ASSOCIATED WITH HIGH MORTALITY. SIRTUIN 6 (SIRT6) IS A MEMBER OF THE SIRTUIN FAMILY, A CLASS III HISTONE DEACETYLASE AND A KEY EPIGENETIC REGULATOR. SIRT6 HAS A PROTECTIVE ROLE IN PATIENTS WITH CHRONIC KIDNEY DISEASE (CKD). HOWEVER, THE EXACT ROLE AND MOLECULAR MECHANISM OF SIRT6 IN VC IN PATIENTS WITH CKD REMAIN UNCLEAR. HERE, WE DEMONSTRATED THAT SIRT6 WAS MARKEDLY DOWNREGULATED IN PERIPHERAL BLOOD MONONUCLEAR CELLS (PBMCS) AND IN THE RADIAL ARTERY TISSUE OF PATIENTS WITH CKD WITH VC. SIRT6-TRANSGENIC (SIRT6-TG) MICE SHOWED ALLEVIATED VC, WHILE VASCULAR SMOOTH MUSCLE CELL-SPECIFIC (VSMC-SPECIFIC) SIRT6 KNOCKED-DOWN MICE SHOWED SEVERE VC IN CKD. SIRT6 SUPPRESSED THE OSTEOGENIC TRANSDIFFERENTIATION OF VSMCS VIA REGULATION OF RUNT-RELATED TRANSCRIPTION FACTOR 2 (RUNX2). COIMMUNOPRECIPITATION (CO-IP) AND IMMUNOPRECIPITATION (IP) ASSAYS CONFIRMED THAT SIRT6 BOUND TO RUNX2. MOREOVER, RUNX2 WAS DEACETYLATED BY SIRT6 AND FURTHER PROMOTED NUCLEAR EXPORT VIA EXPORTIN 1 (XPO1), WHICH IN TURN CAUSED DEGRADATION OF RUNX2 THROUGH THE UBIQUITIN-PROTEASOME SYSTEM. THESE RESULTS DEMONSTRATED THAT SIRT6 PREVENTED VC BY SUPPRESSING THE OSTEOGENIC TRANSDIFFERENTIATION OF VSMCS, AND AS SUCH TARGETING SIRT6 MAY BE AN APPEALING THERAPEUTIC TARGET FOR VC IN CKD.	2022	
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                 
18  6658  37 UPREGULATED LNCRNA H19 SPONGES MIR-106A-5P AND CONTRIBUTES TO ALDOSTERONE-INDUCED VASCULAR CALCIFICATION VIA ACTIVATING THE RUNX2-DEPENDENT PATHWAY. BACKGROUND: EXCESS ALDOSTERONE IS IMPLICATED IN VASCULAR CALCIFICATION (VC), BUT THE MECHANISM BY WHICH ALDOSTERONE-MR (MINERALOCORTICOID RECEPTOR) COMPLEX PROMOTES VC IS UNCLEAR. EMERGING EVIDENCE INDICATES THAT LONG-NONCODING RNA H19 (H19) PLAYS A CRITICAL ROLE IN VC. WE EXAMINED WHETHER ALDOSTERONE-INDUCED OSTEOGENIC DIFFERENTIATION OF VASCULAR SMOOTH MUSCLE CELLS (VSMCS) THROUGH H19 EPIGENETIC MODIFICATION OF RUNX2 (RUNT-RELATED TRANSCRIPTION FACTOR-2) IN A MR-DEPENDENT MANNER. METHODS: WE INDUCED IN VIVO RAT MODEL OF CHRONIC KIDNEY DISEASE USING A HIGH ADENINE AND PHOSPHATE DIET TO EXPLORE THE RELATIONSHIP AMONG ALDOSTERONE, MR, H19, AND VC. WE ALSO CULTURED HUMAN AORTIC VSMCS TO EXPLORE THE ROLES OF H19 IN ALDOSTERONE-MR COMPLEX-INDUCED OSTEOGENIC DIFFERENTIATION AND CALCIFICATION OF VSMCS. RESULTS: H19 AND RUNX2 WERE SIGNIFICANTLY INCREASED IN ALDOSTERONE-INDUCED VSMC OSTEOGENIC DIFFERENTIATION AND VC, BOTH IN VITRO AND IN VIVO, WHICH WERE SIGNIFICANTLY BLOCKED BY THE MR ANTAGONIST SPIRONOLACTONE. MECHANISTICALLY, OUR FINDINGS REVEAL THAT THE ALDOSTERONE-ACTIVATED MR BOUND TO H19 PROMOTER AND INCREASED ITS TRANSCRIPTIONAL ACTIVITY, AS DETERMINED BY CHROMATIN IMMUNOPRECIPITATION, ELECTROPHORETIC MOBILITY SHIFT ASSAY, AND LUCIFERASE REPORTER ASSAY. SILENCING H19 INCREASED MICRORNA-106A-5P (MIR-106A-5P) EXPRESSION, WHICH SUBSEQUENTLY INHIBITED ALDOSTERONE-INDUCED RUNX2 EXPRESSION AT THE POSTTRANSCRIPTIONAL LEVEL. IMPORTANTLY, WE OBSERVED A DIRECT INTERACTION BETWEEN H19 AND MIR-106A-5P, AND DOWNREGULATION OF MIR-106A-5P EFFICIENTLY REVERSED THE SUPPRESSION OF RUNX2 INDUCED BY H19 SILENCING. CONCLUSIONS: OUR STUDY CLARIFIES A NOVEL MECHANISM BY WHICH UPREGULATION OF H19 CONTRIBUTES TO ALDOSTERONE-MR COMPLEX-PROMOTED RUNX2-DEPENDENT VSMC OSTEOGENIC DIFFERENTIATION AND VC THROUGH SPONGING MIR-106A-5P. THESE FINDINGS HIGHLIGHT A POTENTIAL THERAPEUTIC TARGET FOR ALDOSTERONE-INDUCED VC.	2023	
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                             
19  1189  36 CORRELATION BETWEEN GLOBAL METHYLATION LEVEL OF PERIPHERAL BLOOD LEUKOCYTES AND SERUM C REACTIVE PROTEIN LEVEL MODIFIED BY MTHFR POLYMORPHISM: A CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY. BACKGROUND: CHRONIC INFLAMMATORY CONDITIONS ARE ASSOCIATED WITH HIGHER TUMOR INCIDENCE THROUGH EPIGENETIC AND GENETIC ALTERATIONS. HERE, WE FOCUSED ON AN ASSOCIATION BETWEEN AN INFLAMMATION MARKER, C-REACTIVE-PROTEIN (CRP), AND GLOBAL DNA METHYLATION LEVELS OF PERIPHERAL BLOOD LEUKOCYTES. METHODS: THE SUBJECTS WERE 384 HEALTHY JAPANESE WOMEN ENROLLED AS THE CONTROL GROUP OF A CASE-CONTROL STUDY FOR BREAST CANCER CONDUCTED FROM 2001 TO 2005. GLOBAL DNA METHYLATION WAS QUANTIFIED BY LUMINOMETRIC METHYLATION ASSAY (LUMA). RESULTS: WITH ADJUSTMENT FOR LIFESTYLE-RELATED FACTORS, INCLUDING FOLATE INTAKE, THE GLOBAL DNA METHYLATION LEVEL OF PERIPHERAL BLOOD LEUKOCYTES WAS SIGNIFICANTLY BUT WEAKLY INCREASED BY 0.43% PER QUARTILE CATEGORY FOR CRP (P FOR TREND = 0.010). ESTIMATED METHYLATION LEVELS STRATIFIED BY CRP QUARTILE WERE 70.0%, 70.8%, 71.4%, AND 71.3%, RESPECTIVELY. IN ADDITION, INTERACTION BETWEEN POLYMORPHISM OF MTHFR (RS1801133, KNOWN AS C677T) AND CRP WAS SIGNIFICANT (P FOR INTERACTION = 0.046); THE GLOBAL METHYLATION LEVEL WAS SIGNIFICANTLY INCREASED BY 0.61% PER QUARTILE CATEGORY FOR CRP IN THE CT/TT GROUP (THOSE WITH THE MINOR ALLELE T, P FOR TREND = 0.001), WHEREAS NO ASSOCIATION WAS OBSERVED IN THE CC GROUP (WILD TYPE). CONCLUSIONS: OUR STUDY SUGGESTS THAT CRP CONCENTRATION IS WEAKLY ASSOCIATED WITH GLOBAL DNA METHYLATION LEVEL. HOWEVER, THIS ASSOCIATION WAS OBSERVED MORE CLEARLY IN INDIVIDUALS WITH THE MINOR ALLELE OF THE MTHFR MISSENSE SNP RS1801133. BY ELUCIDATING THE COMPLEX MECHANISM OF THE REGULATION OF DNA METHYLATION BY BOTH ACQUIRED AND GENETIC FACTORS, OUR RESULTS MAY BE IMPORTANT FOR CANCER PREVENTION.	2018	
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       
20   353  27 ALTERED LEVELS OF IMMUNE-REGULATORY MICRORNAS IN PLASMA SAMPLES OF PATIENTS WITH LUPUS NEPHRITIS. INTRODUCTION: LUPUS NEPHRITIS (LN) IS A MAJOR CAUSE OF MORTALITY AND MORBIDITY IN THE PATIENTS WITH LUPUS, A CHRONIC AUTOIMMUNE DISEASE. THE ROLE OF GENETIC AND EPIGENETIC FACTORS IS EMPHASIZED IN THE PATHOGENESIS OF LN. THE AIM OF THE PRESENT STUDY WAS TO EVALUATE THE LEVELS OF IMMUNE-REGULATORY MICRORNAS (E.G., MIR-31, MIR-125A, MIR-142-3P, MIR-146A, AND MIR-155) IN PLASMA SAMPLES OF PATIENTS WITH LN. METHODS: IN THIS STUDY, 26 PATIENTS WITH LN AND 26 HEALTHY INDIVIDUALS WERE INCLUDED. THE PLASMA LEVELS OF THE MICRORNAS WERE EVALUATED BY A QUANTITATIVE REAL-TIME PCR. MOREOVER, THE CORRELATION OF CIRCULATING PLASMA MICRORNAS WITH DISEASE ACTIVITY AND PATHOLOGICAL FINDINGS ALONG WITH THEIR ABILITY TO DISTINGUISH PATIENTS WITH LN WERE ASSESSED. RESULTS: PLASMA LEVELS OF MIR-125A (P = 0.048), MIR-146A (P = 0.005), AND MIR-155 (P< 0.001) WERE SIGNIFICANTLY HIGHER IN COMPARISON BETWEEN THE CASES AND CONTROLS. THE PLASMA LEVEL OF MIR-146A SIGNIFICANTLY CORRELATED WITH THE LEVEL OF ANTI-DOUBLE STRAND-DNA ANTIBODY AND PROTEINURIA. MOREOVER, THERE WAS A SIGNIFICANT CORRELATION BETWEEN MIR-142-3P LEVELS AND DISEASE CHRONICITY AND ACTIVITY INDEX (P <0.05). THE MULTIVARIATE ROC CURVE ANALYSIS INDICATED THE PLASMA CIRCULATING MIR-125A, MIR-142-3P, MIR-146, AND MIR-155 TOGETHER COULD DISCRIMINATE MOST OF THE PATIENTS WITH LN FROM CONTROLS WITH AREA AN UNDER CURVE (AUC) OF 0.89 [95% CI, 0.80-0.98, P<0.001], 88% SENSITIVITY, AND 78% SPECIFICITY. CONCLUSION: BASED ON THE FINDINGS OF THE PRESENT STUDY, THE STUDIED MICRORNAS MAY BE INVOLVED IN THE PATHOGENESIS AND DEVELOPMENT OF LN AND HAVE THE POTENTIAL TO BE USED AS DIAGNOSTIC AND THERAPEUTIC MARKERS IN LN.	2018