1  6145 355 THE EXPANDING PHENOTYPES OF COHESINOPATHIES: ONE RING TO RULE THEM ALL! PRESERVATION AND DEVELOPMENT OF LIFE DEPEND ON THE ADEQUATE SEGREGATION OF SISTER CHROMATIDS DURING MITOSIS AND MEIOSIS. THIS PROCESS IS ENSURED BY THE COHESIN MULTI-SUBUNIT COMPLEX. MUTATIONS IN THIS COMPLEX HAVE BEEN ASSOCIATED WITH AN INCREASING NUMBER OF DISEASES, TERMED COHESINOPATHIES. THE BEST CHARACTERIZED COHESINOPATHY IS CORNELIA DE LANGE SYNDROME (CDLS), IN WHICH INTELLECTUAL AND GROWTH RETARDATIONS ARE THE MAIN PHENOTYPIC MANIFESTATIONS. DESPITE SOME OVERLAP, THE CLINICAL MANIFESTATIONS OF COHESINOPATHIES VARY CONSIDERABLY. NOVEL ROLES OF THE COHESIN COMPLEX HAVE EMERGED DURING THE PAST DECADES, SUGGESTING THAT IMPORTANT CELL CYCLE REGULATORS EXERT IMPORTANT BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS THROUGH NON-COHESION-RELATED FUNCTIONS AND BROADENING THE POTENTIAL PATHOMECHANISMS INVOLVED IN COHESINOPATHIES. THIS REVIEW FOCUSES ON NON-COHESION-RELATED FUNCTIONS OF THE COHESIN COMPLEX, GENE DOSAGE EFFECT, EPIGENETIC REGULATION AND TGF-BETA IN COHESINOPATHY CONTEXT, ESPECIALLY IN COMPARISON TO CHRONIC ATRIAL AND INTESTINAL DYSRHYTHMIA (CAID) SYNDROME, A VERY DISTINCT COHESINOPATHY CAUSED BY A HOMOZYGOUS SHUGOSHIN-1 (SGO1) MUTATION (K23E) AND CHARACTERIZED BY PACEMAKER FAILURE IN BOTH HEART (SICK SINUS SYNDROME FOLLOWED BY ATRIAL FLUTTER) AND GUT (CHRONIC INTESTINAL PSEUDO-OBSTRUCTION) WITH NO INTELLECTUAL OR GROWTH DELAY. WE DISCUSS THE POSSIBLE IMPACT OF SGO1 ALTERATIONS IN HUMAN PATHOLOGIES AND THE POTENTIAL IMPACT OF THE SGO1 K23E MUTATION IN THE SINUS NODE AND GUT DEVELOPMENT AND FUNCTIONS. WE SUGGEST THAT THE HUMAN PHENOTYPES OBSERVED IN CDLS, CAID SYNDROME AND OTHER COHESINOPATHIES CAN INFORM FUTURE STUDIES INTO THE LESS WELL-KNOWN NON-COHESION-RELATED FUNCTIONS OF COHESIN COMPLEX GENES. ABBREVIATIONS: AD: ALZHEIMER DISEASE; AFF4: AF4/FMR2 FAMILY MEMBER 4; ANKRD11: ANKYRIN REPEAT DOMAIN 11; APC: ANAPHASE PROMOTER COMPLEX; ASD: ATRIAL SEPTAL DEFECT; ATRX: ATRX CHROMATIN REMODELER; ATRX: ALPHA THALASSEMIA X-LINKED INTELLECTUAL DISABILITY SYNDROME; BIRC5: BACULOVIRAL IAP REPEAT CONTAINING 5; BMP: BONE MORPHOGENETIC PROTEIN; BRD4: BROMODOMAIN CONTAINING 4; BUB1: BUB1 MITOTIC CHECKPOINT SERINE/THREONINE KINASE; CAID: CHRONIC ATRIAL AND INTESTINAL DYSRHYTHMIA; CDK1: CYCLIN DEPENDENT KINASE 1; CDLS: CORNELIA DE LANGE SYNDROME; CHD: CONGENITAL HEART DISEASE; CHOPS: COGNITIVE IMPAIRMENT, COARSE FACIES, HEART DEFECTS, OBESITY, PULMONARY INVOLVEMENT, SHORT STATURE, AND SKELETAL DYSPLASIA; CIPO: CHRONIC INTESTINAL PSEUDO-OBSTRUCTION; C-KIT: KIT PROTO-ONCOGENE RECEPTOR TYROSINE KINASE; COATS: COHESIN ACETYLTRANSFERASES; CTCF: CCCTC-BINDING FACTOR; DDX11: DEAD/H-BOX HELICASE 11; ERG: TRANSCRIPTIONAL REGULATOR ERG; ESCO2: ESTABLISHMENT OF SISTER CHROMATID COHESION N-ACETYLTRANSFERASE 2; GJC1: GAP JUNCTION PROTEIN GAMMA 1; H2A: HISTONE H2A; H3K4: HISTONE H3 LYSINE 4; H3K9: HISTONE H3 LYSINE 9; HCN4: HYPERPOLARIZATION ACTIVATED CYCLIC NUCLEOTIDE GATED POTASSIUM AND SODIUM CHANNEL 4;P HDAC8: HISTONE DEACETYLASES 8; HP1: HETEROCHROMATIN PROTEIN 1; ICC: INTERSTITIAL CELLS OF CAJAL; ICC-MP: MYENTERIC PLEXUS INTERSTITIAL CELLS OF CAJAL; ICC-DMP: DEEP MUSCULAR PLEXUS INTERSTITIAL CELLS OF CAJAL; I(F): PACEMAKER FUNNY CURRENT; IP3: INOSITOL TRISPHOSPHATE; JNK: C-JUN N-TERMINAL KINASE; LDS: LOEYS-DIETZ SYNDROME; LOAD: LATE-ONSET ALZHEIMER DISEASE; MAPK: MITOGEN-ACTIVATED PROTEIN KINASE; MAU: MAU SISTER CHROMATID COHESION FACTOR; MFS: MARFAN SYNDROME; NIPBL: NIPBL, COHESIN LOADING FACTOR; OCT4: OCTAMER-BINDING PROTEIN 4; P38: P38 MAP KINASE; PDA: PATENT DUCTUS ARTERIOSUS; PDS5: PDS5 COHESIN ASSOCIATED FACTOR; P-H3: PHOSPHO HISTONE H3; PLK1: POLO LIKE KINASE 1; POPDC1: POPEYE DOMAIN CONTAINING 1; POPDC2: POPEYE DOMAIN CONTAINING 2; PP2A: PROTEIN PHOSPHATASE 2; RAD21: RAD21 COHESIN COMPLEX COMPONENT; RBS: ROBERTS SYNDROME; REC8: REC8 MEIOTIC RECOMBINATION PROTEIN; RNAP2: RNA POLYMERASE II; SAN: SINOATRIAL NODE; SCN5A: SODIUM VOLTAGE-GATED CHANNEL ALPHA SUBUNIT 5; SEC: SUPER ELONGATION COMPLEX; SGO1: SHOGOSHIN-1; SMAD: SMAD FAMILY MEMBER; SMC1A: STRUCTURAL MAINTENANCE OF CHROMOSOMES 1A; SMC3: STRUCTURAL MAINTENANCE OF CHROMOSOMES 3; SNV: SINGLE NUCLEOTIDE VARIANT; SOX2: SRY-BOX 2; SOX17: SRY-BOX 17; SSS: SICK SINUS SYNDROME; STAG2: COHESIN SUBUNIT SA-2; TADS: TOPOLOGY ASSOCIATED DOMAINS; TBX: T-BOX TRANSCRIPTION FACTORS; TGF-BETA: TRANSFORMING GROWTH FACTOR BETA; TGFBR: TRANSFORMING GROWTH FACTOR BETA RECEPTOR; TOF: TETRALOGY OF FALLOT; TREK1: TREK-1 K(+) CHANNEL SUBUNIT; VSD: VENTRICULAR SEPTAL DEFECT; WABS: WARSAW BREAKAGE SYNDROME; WAPL: WAPL COHESIN RELEASE FACTOR.	2019	
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    
2   746  23 CANNABIS TERATOLOGY EXPLAINS CURRENT PATTERNS OF COLORADAN CONGENITAL DEFECTS: THE CONTRIBUTION OF INCREASED CANNABINOID EXPOSURE TO RISING TERATOLOGICAL TRENDS. RISING DELTA9-TETRAHYDROCANNABINOL CONCENTRATIONS IN MODERN CANNABIS INVITES INVESTIGATION OF THE TERATOLOGICAL IMPLICATIONS OF PRENATAL CANNABIS EXPOSURE. DATA FROM COLORADO RESPONDS TO CHILDREN WITH SPECIAL NEEDS (CRCSN), NATIONAL SURVEY OF DRUG USE AND HEALTH, AND DRUG ENFORCEMENT AGENCY WAS ANALYZED. SEVEN, 40, AND 2 DEFECTS WERE RISING, FLAT, AND FALLING, RESPECTIVELY, AND 10/12 SUMMARY INDICES ROSE. ATRIAL SEPTAL DEFECT, SPINA BIFIDA, MICROCEPHALUS, DOWN'S SYNDROME, VENTRICULAR SEPTAL DEFECT, AND PATENT DUCTUS ARTERIOSUS ROSE, AND ALONG WITH CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM, CARDIOVASCULAR, GENITOURINARY, RESPIRATORY, CHROMOSOMAL, AND MUSCULOSKELETAL DEFECTS ROSE 5 TO 37 TIMES FASTER THAN THE BIRTH RATE (3.3%) TO GENERATE AN EXCESS OF 11 753 (22%) MAJOR ANOMALIES. CANNABIS WAS THE ONLY DRUG WHOSE USE GREW FROM 2000 TO 2014 WHILE PAIN RELIEVERS, COCAINE, ALCOHOL, AND TOBACCO DID NOT. THE CORRELATION OF CANNABIS USE WITH MAJOR DEFECTS IN 2014 (2019 DATASET) WAS R = .77, P = .0011. MULTIPLE CANNABINOIDS WERE LINKED WITH SUMMARY MEASURES OF CONGENITAL ANOMALIES AND WERE ROBUST TO MULTIVARIATE ADJUSTMENT.	2019	
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        
3  4484  53 MOLECULAR SIGNATURE OF CAID SYNDROME: NONCANONICAL ROLES OF SGO1 IN REGULATION OF TGF-BETA SIGNALING AND EPIGENOMICS. BACKGROUND & AIMS: A GENERALIZED HUMAN PACEMAKING SYNDROME, CHRONIC ATRIAL AND INTESTINAL DYSRHYTHMIA (CAID) (OMIM 616201), IS CAUSED BY A HOMOZYGOUS SGO1 MUTATION (K23E), LEADING TO CHRONIC INTESTINAL PSEUDO-OBSTRUCTION AND ARRHYTHMIAS. BECAUSE CAID PATIENTS DO NOT SHOW PHENOTYPES CONSISTENT WITH PERTURBATION OF KNOWN ROLES OF SGO1, WE HYPOTHESIZED THAT NONCANONICAL ROLES OF SGO1 DRIVE THE CLINICAL MANIFESTATIONS OBSERVED. METHODS: TO IDENTIFY A MOLECULAR SIGNATURE FOR CAID SYNDROME, WE ACHIEVED UNBIASED SCREENS IN CELL LINES AND GUT TISSUES FROM CAID PATIENTS VS WILD-TYPE CONTROLS. WE PERFORMED RNA SEQUENCING ALONG WITH STABLE ISOTOPE LABELING WITH AMINO ACIDS IN CELL CULTURE. IN ADDITION, WE DETERMINED THE GENOME-WIDE DNA METHYLATION AND CHROMATIN ACCESSIBILITY SIGNATURES USING REDUCED REPRESENTATIVE BISULFITE SEQUENCING AND ASSAY FOR TRANSPOSASE-ACCESSIBLE CHROMATIN WITH HIGH-THROUGHPUT SEQUENCING. FUNCTIONAL STUDIES INCLUDED PATCH-CLAMP, QUANTITATION OF TRANSFORMING GROWTH FACTOR-BETA (TGF-BETA) SIGNALING, AND IMMUNOHISTOCHEMISTRY IN CAID PATIENT GUT BIOPSY SPECIMENS. RESULTS: PROTEOME AND TRANSCRIPTOME STUDIES CONVERGE ON CELL-CYCLE REGULATION, CARDIAC CONDUCTION, AND SMOOTH MUSCLE REGULATION AS DRIVERS OF CAID SYNDROME. SPECIFICALLY, THE INWARD RECTIFIER CURRENT, AN IMPORTANT REGULATOR OF CELLULAR FUNCTION, WAS DISRUPTED. IMMUNOHISTOCHEMISTRY CONFIRMED OVEREXPRESSION OF BUDDING UNINHIBITED BY BENZIMIDAZOLES 1 (BUB1) IN PATIENTS, IMPLICATING THE TGF-BETA PATHWAY IN CAID PATHOGENESIS. CANONICAL TGF-BETA SIGNALING WAS UP-REGULATED AND UNCOUPLED FROM NONCANONICAL SIGNALING IN CAID PATIENTS. REDUCED REPRESENTATIVE BISULFITE SEQUENCING AND ASSAY FOR TRANSPOSASE-ACCESSIBLE CHROMATIN WITH HIGH-THROUGHPUT SEQUENCING EXPERIMENTS SHOWED SIGNIFICANT CHANGES OF CHROMATIN STATES IN CAID, POINTING TO EPIGENETIC REGULATION AS A POSSIBLE PATHOLOGIC MECHANISM. CONCLUSIONS: OUR FINDINGS POINT TO IMPAIRED INWARD RECTIFIER POTASSIUM CURRENT, DYSREGULATION OF CANONICAL TGF-BETA SIGNALING, AND EPIGENETIC REGULATION AS POTENTIAL DRIVERS OF INTESTINAL AND CARDIAC MANIFESTATIONS OF CAID SYNDROME. TRANSCRIPT PROFILING AND GENOMICS DATA ARE AS FOLLOWS: REPOSITORY URL: HTTPS://WWW.NCBI.NLM.NIH.GOV/GEO; SUPERSERIES GSE110612 WAS COMPOSED OF THE FOLLOWING SUBSERIES: GSE110309, GSE110576, AND GSE110601.	2019	
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              
4  1092  45 COHESIN MUTATIONS IN MYELOID MALIGNANCIES. COHESIN IS A MULTISUBUNIT PROTEIN COMPLEX THAT FORMS A RING-LIKE STRUCTURE AROUND DNA. IT IS ESSENTIAL FOR SISTER CHROMATID COHESION, CHROMATIN ORGANIZATION, TRANSCRIPTIONAL REGULATION, AND DNA DAMAGE REPAIR AND PLAYS A MAJOR ROLE IN DYNAMICALLY SHAPING THE GENOME ARCHITECTURE AND MAINTAINING DNA INTEGRITY. THE CORE COMPLEX SUBUNITS STAG2, RAD21, SMC1, AND SMC3, AS WELL AS ITS MODULATORS PDS5A/B, WAPL, AND NIPBL, HAVE BEEN FOUND TO BE RECURRENTLY MUTATED IN HEMATOLOGIC AND SOLID MALIGNANCIES. THESE MUTATIONS ARE FOUND ACROSS THE FULL SPECTRUM OF MYELOID NEOPLASIA, INCLUDING PEDIATRIC DOWN SYNDROME-ASSOCIATED ACUTE MEGAKARYOBLASTIC LEUKEMIA, MYELODYSPLASTIC SYNDROMES, CHRONIC MYELOMONOCYTIC LEUKEMIA, AND DE NOVO AND SECONDARY ACUTE MYELOID LEUKEMIAS. THE MECHANISMS BY WHICH COHESIN MUTATIONS ACT AS DRIVERS OF CLONAL EXPANSION AND DISEASE PROGRESSION ARE STILL POORLY UNDERSTOOD. RECENT STUDIES HAVE DESCRIBED THE IMPACT OF COHESIN ALTERATIONS ON SELF-RENEWAL AND DIFFERENTIATION OF HEMATOPOIETIC STEM AND PROGENITOR CELLS, WHICH ARE ASSOCIATED WITH CHANGES IN CHROMATIN AND EPIGENETIC STATE DIRECTING LINEAGE COMMITMENT, AS WELL AS GENOMIC INTEGRITY. HEREIN, WE REVIEW THE ROLE OF THE COHESIN COMPLEX IN HEALTHY AND MALIGNANT HEMATOPOIESIS. WE DISCUSS CLINICAL IMPLICATIONS OF COHESIN MUTATIONS IN MYELOID MALIGNANCIES AND DISCUSS OPPORTUNITIES FOR THERAPEUTIC TARGETING.	2021	
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  
5  5822  24 STRESS IN THE ONSET AND AGGRAVATION OF LEARNING DISABILITIES. DESPITE SUBSTANTIAL GROUNDS FOR SUCH RESEARCH, THE ROLE OF CHRONIC EXPOSURE TO STRESSORS IN THE ONSET AND AGGRAVATION OF LEARNING DISABILITIES (LDS) IS LARGELY UNEXPLORED. IN THIS REVIEW, WE FIRST CONSIDER THE HORMONAL, (EPI)GENETIC, AND NEUROBIOLOGICAL MECHANISMS THAT MIGHT UNDERLIE THE IMPACT OF ADVERSE CHILDHOOD EXPERIENCES, A FORM OF CHRONIC STRESSORS, ON THE ONSET OF LDS. WE THEN FOUND THAT STRESS FACTORS COMBINED WITH FEELINGS OF INFERIORITY, LOW SELF-ESTEEM, AND PEER VICTIMIZATION COULD POTENTIALLY FURTHER AGGRAVATE ACADEMIC FAILURES IN CHILDREN WITH LDS. SINCE EFFECTIVE EVIDENCE-BASED INTERVENTIONS FOR REDUCING CHRONIC STRESS IN CHILDREN WITH LDS COULD IMPROVE THEIR ACADEMIC PERFORMANCE, CONSIDERATION OF THE ROLE OF EXPOSURE TO STRESSORS IN CHILDREN WITH LDS HAS BOTH THEORETICAL AND PRACTICAL IMPORTANCE, ESPECIALLY WHEN DELIVERED IN COMBINATION WITH ACADEMIC INTERVENTIONS.	2021	
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        
6  6569  40 TRANSPLANTATION OF EPIGENETICALLY MODIFIED ADULT CARDIAC C-KIT+ CELLS RETARDS REMODELING AND IMPROVES CARDIAC FUNCTION IN ISCHEMIC HEART FAILURE MODEL. CARDIAC C-KIT+ CELLS HAVE A MODEST CARDIOGENIC POTENTIAL THAT COULD LIMIT THEIR EFFICACY IN HEART DISEASE TREATMENT. THE PRESENT STUDY WAS DESIGNED TO AUGMENT THE CARDIOGENIC POTENTIAL OF CARDIAC C-KIT+ CELLS THROUGH CLASS I HISTONE DEACETYLASE (HDAC) INHIBITION AND EVALUATE THEIR THERAPEUTIC POTENCY IN THE CHRONIC HEART FAILURE (CHF) ANIMAL MODEL. MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION (MI) WAS CREATED BY CORONARY ARTERY OCCLUSION IN RATS. C-KIT+ CELLS WERE TREATED WITH MOCETINOSTAT (MOCE), A SPECIFIC CLASS I HDAC INHIBITOR. AT 3 WEEKS AFTER MI, CHF ANIMALS WERE RETROGRADELY INFUSED WITH UNTREATED (CONTROL) OR MOCE-TREATED C-KIT+ CELLS (MOCE/C-KIT+ CELLS) AND EVALUATED AT 3 WEEKS AFTER CELL INFUSION. WE FOUND THAT CLASS I HDAC INHIBITION IN C-KIT+ CELLS ELEVATED THE LEVEL OF ACETYLATED HISTONE H3 (ACH3) AND INCREASED ACH3 LEVELS IN THE PROMOTER REGIONS OF PLURIPOTENT AND CARDIAC-SPECIFIC GENES. EPIGENETIC CHANGES WERE ACCOMPANIED BY INCREASED EXPRESSION OF CARDIAC-SPECIFIC MARKERS. TRANSPLANTATION OF CHF RATS WITH EITHER CONTROL OR MOCE/C-KIT+ CELLS RESULTED IN AN IMPROVEMENT IN CARDIAC FUNCTION, RETARDATION OF CHF REMODELING MADE EVIDENT BY INCREASED VASCULARIZATION AND SCAR SIZE, AND CARDIOMYOCYTE HYPERTROPHY REDUCTION. COMPARED WITH CHF INFUSED WITH CONTROL CELLS, INFUSION OF MOCE/C-KIT+ CELLS RESULTED IN A FURTHER REDUCTION IN LEFT VENTRICLE END-DIASTOLIC PRESSURE AND TOTAL COLLAGEN AND AN INCREASE IN INTERLEUKIN-6 EXPRESSION. THE LOW ENGRAFTMENT OF INFUSED CELLS SUGGESTS THAT PARACRINE EFFECTS MIGHT ACCOUNT FOR THE BENEFICIAL EFFECTS OF C-KIT+ CELLS IN CHF. IN CONCLUSION, SELECTIVE INHIBITION OF CLASS I HDACS INDUCED EXPRESSION OF CARDIAC MARKERS IN C-KIT+ CELLS AND PARTIALLY AUGMENTED THE EFFICACY OF THESE CELLS FOR CHF REPAIR. SIGNIFICANCE: THE STUDY HAS SHOWN THAT SELECTIVE CLASS 1 HISTONE DEACETYLASE INHIBITION IS SUFFICIENT TO REDIRECT C-KIT+ CELLS TOWARD A CARDIAC FATE. EPIGENETICALLY MODIFIED C-KIT+ CELLS IMPROVED CONTRACTILE FUNCTION AND RETARDED REMODELING OF THE CONGESTIVE HEART FAILURE HEART. THIS STUDY PROVIDES NEW INSIGHTS INTO THE EFFICACY OF CARDIAC C-KIT+ CELLS IN THE ISCHEMIC HEART FAILURE MODEL.	2015	
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                
7  5075  27 PHYSIOLOGICAL ADAPTATION OF THE GROWTH-RESTRICTED FETUS. THE GROWTH-RESTRICTED FETUS IN UTERO IS EXPOSED TO A HOSTILE ENVIRONMENT AND SUFFERS UNDERNUTRITION AND HYPOXIA. TO COPE WITH THE STRESS, THE FETUS CHANGES ITS PHYSIOLOGICAL FUNCTIONS. THESE ADAPTIVE CHANGES AID INTRAUTERINE SURVIVAL; HOWEVER, THEY CAN LEAD TO PERMANENT FUNCTIONAL AND STRUCTURAL CHANGES THAT CAN CONTRIBUTE TO THE DEVELOPMENT OF SERIOUS CHRONIC DISEASES LATER IN LIFE. EPIGENETIC MECHANISMS ARE AN IMPORTANT PART OF THE PATHOPHYSIOLOGICAL PROCESSES BEHIND THIS "DEVELOPMENTAL ORIGIN OF ADULT DISEASES." THE DOMINANT CARDIOVASCULAR ADAPTIVE CHANGE IS THE REDISTRIBUTION OF BLOOD FLOW IN HYPOXIC FETUSES, WITH PREFERENTIAL SUPPLY OF BLOOD TO THE FETAL BRAIN, MYOCARDIUM, AND ADRENAL GLANDS. THE PROPORTION OF BLOOD FROM THE UMBILICAL VEIN TO THE DUCTUS VENOSUS AND FORAMEN OVALE INCREASES, WHICH INCREASES THE CARDIAC OUTPUT OF THE LEFT HEART VENTRICLE. THE INCREASED PERFUSION OF FETAL BRAIN CAN BE FOLLOWED WITH DOPPLER ULTRASOUND AS INCREASED DIASTOLIC VELOCITIES AND DECREASED PULSATILITY INDEX IN THE MIDDLE CEREBRAL ARTERY.	2018	
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                     
8  2969  90 GENETIC AND EPIGENETIC REGULATION OF THE INNATE IMMUNE RESPONSE TO GOUT. GOUT IS A DISEASE CAUSED BY URIC ACID (UA) ACCUMULATION IN THE JOINTS, CAUSING INFLAMMATION. TWO UA FORMS - MONOSODIUM URATE (MSU) AND SOLUBLE URIC ACID (SUA) HAVE BEEN SHOWN TO INTERACT PHYSICALLY WITH INFLAMMASOMES, ESPECIALLY WITH THE NOD-LIKE RECEPTOR (NLR) FAMILY PYRIN DOMAIN CONTAINING 3 (NLRP3), ALBEIT THE ROLE OF THE IMMUNE RESPONSE TO UA IS POORLY UNDERSTOOD, GIVEN THAT ASYMPTOMATIC HYPERURICEMIA DOES ALSO EXIST. MACROPHAGE PHAGOCYTOSIS OF UA ACTIVATE NLRP3, LEAD TO CYTOKINES RELEASE, AND ULTIMATELY, LEAD TO CHEMOATTRACT NEUTROPHILS AND LYMPHOCYTES TO THE GOUT FLARE JOINT SPOT. GENETIC VARIANTS OF INFLAMMASOME GENES AND OF GENES ENCODING THEIR MOLECULAR PARTNERS MAY INFLUENCE HYPERURICEMIA AND GOUT SUSCEPTIBILITY, WHILE ALSO INFLUENCING OTHER COMORBIDITIES SUCH AS METABOLIC SYNDROME AND CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASES. IN THIS REVIEW, WE SUMMARIZE THE INFLAMMATORY RESPONSES IN ACUTE AND CHRONIC GOUT, SPECIFICALLY FOCUSING ON INNATE IMMUNE CELL MECHANISMS AND GENETIC AND EPIGENETIC CHARACTERISTICS OF PARTICIPATING MOLECULES. UNPRECEDENTLY, A NOVEL UA BINDING PROTEIN - THE NEURONAL APOPTOSIS INHIBITOR PROTEIN (NAIP) - IS SUGGESTED AS RESPONSIBLE FOR THE ASYMPTOMATIC HYPERURICEMIA PARADOX.ABBREVIATION: BETA2-INTEGRINS: LEUKOCYTE-SPECIFIC ADHESION MOLECULES; ABCG2: ATP-BINDING CASSETE FAMILY/BREAST CANCER-RESISTANT PROTEIN; ACR: AMERICAN COLLEGE OF RHEUMATOLOGY; AIM2: ABSENT IN MELANOMA 2, TYPE OF PATTERN RECOGNITION RECEPTOR; ALPK1: ALPHA-PROTEIN KINASE 1; ANGPTL2: ANGIOPOIETIN-LIKE PROTEIN 2; ASC: APOPTOSIS-ASSOCIATED SPECK-LIKE PROTEIN; BIR: BACULOVIRUS INHIBITOR OF APOPTOSIS PROTEIN REPEAT; BIRC1: BACULOVIRUS IAP REPEAT-CONTAINING PROTEIN 1; BIRC2: BACULOVIRAL IAP REPEAT-CONTAINING PROTEIN 2; C5A: COMPLEMENT ANAPHYLATOXIN; CAMP: CYCLIC ADENOSINE MONOPHOSPHATE; CARD: CASPASE ACTIVATION AND RECRUITMENT DOMAINS; CARD8: CASPASE RECRUITMENT DOMAIN-CONTAINING PROTEIN 8; CASP1: CASPASE 1; CCL3: CHEMOKINE (C-C MOTIF) LIGAND 3; CD14: CLUSTER OF DIFFERENTIATION 14; CD44: CLUSTER OF DIFFERENTIATION 44; CG05102552: DNA-METHYLATION SITE, USUALLY CYTOSINE FOLLOWED BY GUANINE NUCLEOTIDES; CONTAINS ARBITRARY IDENTIFICATION CODE; CIDEC: CELL DEATH-INDUCING DNA FRAGMENTATION FACTOR-LIKE EFFECTOR FAMILY; CKD: CHRONIC KIDNEY DISEASE; CNV: COPY NUMBER VARIATION; CPT1A: CARNITINE PALMITOYL TRANSFERASE - TYPE 1A; CXCL1: CHEMOKINE (CXC MOTIF) LIGAND 1; DAMPS: DAMAGE ASSOCIATED MOLECULAR PATTERNS; DC: DENDRITIC CELLS; DNMT(1): MAINTENANCE DNA METHYLTRANSFERASE; EQTL: EXPRESSION QUANTITATIVE TRAIT LOCI; ERK1: EXTRACELLULAR SIGNAL-REGULATED KINASE 1; ERK2: EXTRACELLULAR SIGNAL-REGULATED KINASE 2; EULAR: EUROPEAN LEAGUE AGAINST RHEUMATISM; GMCSF: GRANULOCYTE-MACROPHAGE COLONY-STIMULATING FACTOR; GWAS: GLOBAL WIDE ASSOCIATION STUDIES; H3K27ME3: TRI-METHYLATION AT THE 27TH LYSINE RESIDUE OF THE HISTONE H3 PROTEIN; H3K4ME1: MONO-METHYLATION AT THE 4TH LYSINE RESIDUE OF THE HISTONE H3 PROTEIN; H3K4ME3: TRI-METHYLATION AT THE 4TH LYSINE RESIDUE OF THE HISTONE H3 PROTEIN; HOTAIR: HUMAN GENE LOCATED BETWEEN HOXC11 AND HOXC12 ON CHROMOSOME 12; IKAPPABALPHA: CYTOPLASMATIC PROTEIN/NF-KAPPAB TRANSCRIPTION INHIBITOR; IAP: INHIBITORY APOPTOSIS PROTEIN; IFNGAMMA: INTERFERON GAMMA; IL-1BETA: INTERLEUKIN 1 BETA; IL-12: INTERLEUKIN 12; IL-17: INTERLEUKIN 17; IL18: INTERLEUKIN 18; IL1R1: INTERLEUKIN-1 RECEPTOR; IL-1RA: INTERLEUKIN-1 RECEPTOR ANTAGONIST; IL-22: INTERLEUKIN 22; IL-23: INTERLEUKIN 23; IL23R: INTERLEUKIN 23 RECEPTOR; IL-33: INTERLEUKIN 33; IL-6: INTERLEUKIN 6; IMP: INOSINE MONOPHOSPHATE; INSIG1: INSULIN-INDUCED GENE 1; JNK1: C-JUN N-TERMINAL KINASE 1; LNCRNA: LONG NON-CODING RIBONUCLEIC ACID; LRR: LEUCINE-RICH REPEATS; MIR: MATURE NON-CODING MICRORNAS MEASURING FROM 20 TO 24 NUCLEOTIDES, ANIMAL ORIGIN; MIR-1: MIR FOLLOWED BY ARBITRARY IDENTIFICATION CODE; MIR-145: MIR FOLLOWED BY ARBITRARY IDENTIFICATION CODE; MIR-146A: MIR FOLLOWED BY ARBITRARY IDENTIFICATION CODE, "A" STANDS FOR MIR FAMILY; "A" FAMILY PRESENTS SIMILAR MIR SEQUENCE TO "B" FAMILY, BUT DIFFERENT PRECURSORS; MIR-20B: MIR FOLLOWED BY ARBITRARY IDENTIFICATION CODE; "B" STANDS FOR MIR FAMILY; "B" FAMILY PRESENTS SIMILAR MIR SEQUENCE TO "A" FAMILY, BUT DIFFERENT PRECURSORS; MIR-221: MIR - FOLLOWED BY ARBITRARY IDENTIFICATION CODE; MIR-221-5P: MIR FOLLOWED BY ARBITRARY IDENTIFICATION CODE; "5P" INDICATES DIFFERENT MATURE MIRNAS GENERATED FROM THE 5' ARM OF THE PRE-MIRNA HAIRPIN; MIR-223: MIR FOLLOWED BY ARBITRARY IDENTIFICATION CODE; MIR-223-3P: MIR FOLLOWED BY ARBITRARY IDENTIFICATION CODE; "3P" INDICATES DIFFERENT MATURE MIRNAS GENERATED FROM THE 3' ARM OF THE PRE-MIRNA HAIRPIN; MIR-22-3P: MIR FOLLOWED BY ARBITRARY IDENTIFICATION CODE, "3P" INDICATES DIFFERENT MATURE MIRNAS GENERATED FROM THE 3' ARM OF THE PRE-MIRNA HAIRPIN; MLKL: MIXED LINEAGE KINASE DOMAIN-LIKE PSEUDO KINASE; MM2P: INDUCTOR OF M2-MACROPHAGE POLARIZATION; MSU: MONOSODIUM URATE; MTOR: MAMMALIAN TARGET OF RAPAMYCIN; MYD88: MYELOID DIFFERENTIATION PRIMARY RESPONSE 88; N-3-PUFAS: N-3-POLYUNSATURATED FATTY-ACIDS; NACHT: ACRONYM FOR NAIP (NEURONAL APOPTOSIS INHIBITOR PROTEIN), C2TA (MHC CLASS 2 TRANSCRIPTION ACTIVATOR), HET-E (INCOMPATIBILITY LOCUS PROTEIN FROM PODOSPORA ANSERINA) AND TP1 (TELOMERASE-ASSOCIATED PROTEIN); NAIP: NEURONAL APOPTOSIS INHIBITORY PROTEIN (HUMAN); NAIP1: NEURONAL APOPTOSIS INHIBITORY PROTEIN TYPE 1 (MURINE); NAIP5: NEURONAL APOPTOSIS INHIBITORY PROTEIN TYPE 5 (MURINE); NAIP6: NEURONAL APOPTOSIS INHIBITORY PROTEIN TYPE 6 (MURINE); NBD: NUCLEOTIDE-BINDING DOMAIN; NEK7: SMALLEST NIMA-RELATED KINASE; NET: NEUTROPHIL EXTRACELLULAR TRAPS; NF-KAPPAB: NUCLEAR FACTOR KAPPA-LIGHT-CHAIN-ENHANCER OF ACTIVATED B CELLS; NFIL3: NUCLEAR-FACTOR, INTERLEUKIN 3 REGULATED PROTEIN; NIIMA: NETWORK OF IMMUNITY IN INFECTION, MALIGNANCY, AND AUTOIMMUNITY; NLR: NOD-LIKE RECEPTOR; NLRA: NOD-LIKE RECEPTOR NLRA CONTAINING ACIDIC DOMAIN; NLRB: NOD-LIKE RECEPTOR NLRA CONTAINING BIR DOMAIN; NLRC: NOD-LIKE RECEPTOR NLRA CONTAINING CARD DOMAIN; NLRC4: NOD-LIKE RECEPTOR FAMILY CARD DOMAIN CONTAINING 4; NLRP: NOD-LIKE RECEPTOR NLRA CONTAINING PYD DOMAIN; NLRP1: NUCLEOTIDE-BINDING OLIGOMERIZATION DOMAIN, LEUCINE-RICH REPEAT, AND PYRIN DOMAIN CONTAINING 1; NLRP12: NUCLEOTIDE-BINDING OLIGOMERIZATION DOMAIN, LEUCINE-RICH REPEAT, AND PYRIN DOMAIN CONTAINING 12; NLRP3: NOD-LIKE RECEPTOR FAMILY PYRIN DOMAIN CONTAINING 3; NOD2: NUCLEOTIDE-BINDING OLIGOMERIZATION DOMAIN; NRBP1: NUCLEAR RECEPTOR-BINDING PROTEIN; NRF2: NUCLEAR FACTOR ERYTHROID 2-RELATED FACTOR 2; OR: ODDS RATIO; P2X: GROUP OF MEMBRANE ION CHANNELS ACTIVATED BY THE BINDING OF EXTRACELLULAR; P2X7: P2X PURINOCEPTOR 7 GENE; P38: MEMBER OF THE MITOGEN-ACTIVATED PROTEIN KINASE FAMILY; PAMPS: PATHOGEN ASSOCIATED MOLECULAR PATTERS; PBMC: PERIPHERAL BLOOD MONONUCLEAR CELLS; PGGT1B: GERANYLGERANYL TRANSFERASE TYPE-1 SUBUNIT BETA; PHGDH: PHOSPHOGLYCERATE DEHYDROGENASE; PI3-K: PHOSPHO-INOSITOL; PPARGAMMA: PEROXISOME PROLIFERATOR-ACTIVATED RECEPTOR GAMMA; PPARGC1B: PEROXISOME PROLIFERATIVE ACTIVATED RECEPTOR, GAMMA, COACTIVATOR 1 BETA; PR3: PROTEINASE 3 ANTIGEN; PRO-CASP1: INACTIVE PRECURSOR OF CASPASE 1; PRO-IL1BETA: INACTIVE PRECURSOR OF INTERLEUKIN 1 BETA; PRR: PATTERN RECOGNITION RECEPTORS; PYD: PYRIN DOMAIN; RAPTOR: REGULATORY ASSOCIATED PROTEIN OF MTOR COMPLEX 1; RAS: RENIN-ANGIOTENSIN SYSTEM; REDD1: REGULATED IN DNA DAMAGE AND DEVELOPMENT 1; ROS: REACTIVE OXYGEN SPECIES; RS000*G: SINGLE NUCLEAR POLYMORPHISM, "*G" IS RELATED TO SNP WHERE REPLACED NUCLEOTIDE IS GUANINE, USUALLY PRECEDED BY AN ID NUMBER; SLC2A9: SOLUTE CARRIER FAMILY 2, MEMBER 9; SLC7A11: SOLUTE CARRIER FAMILY 7, MEMBER 11; SMA: SMOOTH MUSCULAR ATROPHY; SMAC: SECOND MITOCHONDRIAL-DERIVED ACTIVATOR OF CASPASES; SNP: SINGLE NUCLEAR POLYMORPHISM; SP3: SPECIFICITY PROTEIN 3; ST2: SERUM STIMULATION-2; STK11: SERINE/THREONINE KINASE 11; SUA: SOLUBLE URIC ACID; SYK: SPLEEN TYROSINE KINASE; TAK1: TRANSFORMING GROWTH FACTOR BETA ACTIVATED KINASE; TH1: TYPE 1 HELPER T CELLS; TH17: TYPE 17 HELPER T CELLS; TH2: TYPE 2 HELPER T CELLS; TH22: TYPE 22 HELPER T CELLS; TLR: TOOL-LIKE RECEPTOR; TLR2: TOLL-LIKE RECEPTOR 2; TLR4: TOLL-LIKE RECEPTOR 4; TNFALPHA: TUMOR NECROSIS FACTOR ALPHA; TNFR1: TUMOR NECROSIS FACTOR RECEPTOR 1; TNFR2: TUMOR NECROSIS FACTOR RECEPTOR 2; UA: URIC ACID; UBAP1: UBIQUITIN ASSOCIATED PROTEIN; ULT: URATE-LOWERING THERAPY; URAT1: URATE TRANSPORTER 1; VDAC1: VOLTAGE-DEPENDENT ANION-SELECTIVE CHANNEL 1.	2023	

9  1316  33 DELTA9-TETRAHYDROCANNABINOL (DELTA9-THC) PROMOTES NEUROIMMUNE-MODULATORY MICRORNA PROFILE IN STRIATUM OF SIMIAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS (SIV)-INFECTED MACAQUES. CANNABINOID ADMINISTRATION BEFORE AND AFTER SIMIAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS (SIV)-INOCULATION AMELIORATED DISEASE PROGRESSION AND DECREASED INFLAMMATION IN MALE RHESUS MACAQUES. DELTA9-TETRAHYDROCANNABINOL (DELTA9-THC) DID NOT INCREASE VIRAL LOAD IN BRAIN TISSUE OR PRODUCE ADDITIVE NEUROPSYCHOLOGICAL IMPAIRMENT IN SIV-INFECTED MACAQUES. TO DETERMINE IF THE NEUROIMMUNOMODULATION OF DELTA9-THC INVOLVED DIFFERENTIAL MICRORNA (MIR) EXPRESSION, MIR EXPRESSION IN THE STRIATUM OF UNINFECTED MACAQUES RECEIVING VEHICLE (VEH) OR DELTA9-THC (THC) AND SIV-INFECTED MACAQUES ADMINISTERED EITHER VEHICLE (VEH/SIV) OR DELTA9-THC (THC/SIV) WAS PROFILED USING NEXT GENERATION DEEP SEQUENCING. AMONG THE 24 MIRS THAT WERE DIFFERENTIALLY EXPRESSED AMONG THE FOUR GROUPS, 16 MIRS WERE MODULATED BY THC IN THE PRESENCE OF SIV. THESE 16 MIRS WERE CLASSIFIED INTO FOUR CATEGORIES AND THE BIOLOGICAL PROCESSES ENRICHED BY THE TARGET GENES DETERMINED. OUR RESULTS INDICATE THAT DELTA9-THC MODULATES MIRS THAT REGULATE MRNAS OF PROTEINS INVOLVED IN 1) NEUROTROPHIN SIGNALING, 2) MAPK SIGNALING, AND 3) CELL CYCLE AND IMMUNE RESPONSE THUS PROMOTING AN OVERALL NEUROPROTECTIVE ENVIRONMENT IN THE STRIATUM OF SIV-INFECTED MACAQUES. THIS IS ALSO REFLECTED BY INCREASED BRAIN DERIVED NEUROTROPHIC FACTOR (BDNF) AND DECREASED PROINFLAMMATORY CYTOKINE EXPRESSION COMPARED TO THE VEH/SIV GROUP. WHETHER DELTA9-THC-MEDIATED MODULATION OF EPIGENETIC MECHANISMS PROVIDES NEUROPROTECTION IN OTHER REGIONS OF THE BRAIN AND DURING CHRONIC SIV-INFECTION REMAINS TO BE DETERMINED.	2016	
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                             
10  1141  32 CONCERTED CELL AND IN VIVO SCREEN FOR PANCREATIC DUCTAL ADENOCARCINOMA (PDA) CHEMOTHERAPEUTICS. PDA IS A MAJOR CAUSE OF US CANCER-RELATED DEATHS. ONCOGENIC KRAS PRESENTS IN 90% OF HUMAN PDAS. KRAS MUTATIONS OCCUR EARLY IN PRE-NEOPLASTIC LESIONS BUT ARE INSUFFICIENT TO CAUSE PDA. OTHER CONTRIBUTING FACTORS EARLY IN DISEASE PROGRESSION INCLUDE CHRONIC PANCREATITIS, ALTERATIONS IN EPIGENETIC REGULATORS, AND TUMOR SUPPRESSOR GENE MUTATION. GPCRS ACTIVATE HETEROTRIMERIC G-PROTEINS THAT STIMULATE INTRACELLULAR CALCIUM AND ONCOGENIC KRAS SIGNALING, THEREBY PROMOTING PANCREATITIS AND PROGRESSION TO PDA. BY CONTRAST, RGS PROTEINS INHIBIT GI/Q-COUPLED GPCRS TO NEGATIVELY REGULATE PDA PROGRESSION. RGS16::GFP IS EXPRESSED IN RESPONSE TO CAERULEIN-INDUCED ACINAR CELL DEDIFFERENTIATION, EARLY NEOPLASIA, AND THROUGHOUT PDA PROGRESSION. IN GENETICALLY ENGINEERED MOUSE MODELS OF PDA, RGS16::GFP IS USEFUL FOR PRE-CLINICAL RAPID IN VIVO VALIDATION OF NOVEL CHEMOTHERAPEUTICS TARGETING EARLY LESIONS IN PATIENTS FOLLOWING SUCCESSFUL RESECTION OR AT HIGH RISK FOR PROGRESSING TO PDA. CULTURED PRIMARY PDA CELLS EXPRESS RGS16::GFP IN RESPONSE TO CYTOTOXIC DRUGS. A HISTONE DEACETYLASE INHIBITOR, TSA, STIMULATED RGS16::GFP EXPRESSION IN PDA PRIMARY CELLS, POTENTIATED GEMCITABINE AND JQ1 CYTOTOXICITY IN CELL CULTURE, AND GEM + TSA + JQ1 INHIBITED TUMOR INITIATION AND PROGRESSION IN VIVO. HERE WE ESTABLISH THE USE OF RGS16::GFP EXPRESSION FOR TESTING DRUG COMBINATIONS IN CELL CULTURE AND VALIDATION OF BEST CANDIDATES IN OUR RAPID IN VIVO SCREEN.	2020	
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                             
11  1093  21 COHESIN RAD21 GENE PROMOTER METHYLATION IN PATIENTS WITH CHRONIC LYMPHOCYTIC LEUKEMIA. CHRONIC LYMPHOCYTIC LEUKEMIA (CLL) IS THE MOST COMMON TYPE OF LEUKEMIA IN ADULTS AND IS CHARACTERIZED BY THE PRESENCE OF SPECIFIC CYTOGENETIC ABNORMALITIES. CLL RESEARCH HAS BEEN FOCUSED ON EPIGENETIC PROCESSES LIKE GENE PROMOTER METHYLATION OF CPG ISLANDS. IN THE PRESENT STUDY, THE METHYLATION STATUS OF THE RAD21 GENE IS STUDIED AND ASSOCIATED WITH CYTOGENETIC FINDINGS IN CLL PATIENTS IN ORDER TO INVESTIGATE ITS POSSIBLE IMPLICATION IN CLL PATHOGENESIS AND THE FORMATION OF CLL CHROMOSOMAL ABNORMALITIES.	2018	
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              
12  3297  35 HIGH SODIUM INTAKE DURING POSTNATAL PHASES INDUCES AN INCREASE IN ARTERIAL BLOOD PRESSURE IN ADULT RATS. EPIGENETIC STUDIES SUGGEST THAT DISEASES THAT DEVELOP IN ADULTHOOD ARE RELATED TO CERTAIN CONDITIONS TO WHICH THE INDIVIDUAL IS EXPOSED DURING THE INITIAL STAGES OF LIFE. EXPERIMENTAL EVIDENCE HAS DEMONSTRATED THAT OFFSPRING BORN TO MOTHERS MAINTAINED ON HIGH-NA DIETS DURING PREGNANCY HAVE HIGHER MEAN ARTERIAL PRESSURE (MAP) IN ADULTHOOD. ALTHOUGH THESE STUDIES HAVE DEMONSTRATED THE IMPORTANCE OF PRENATAL PHASES TO HYPERTENSION DEVELOPMENT, NO EVIDENCE REGARDING THE ROLE OF HIGH NA INTAKE DURING POSTNATAL PHASES IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF THIS PATHOLOGY HAS BEEN REPORTED. THEREFORE, IN THE PRESENT STUDY, THE EFFECTS OF NA OVERLOAD DURING CHILDHOOD ON INDUCED WATER AND NA INTAKES AND ON CARDIOVASCULAR PARAMETERS IN ADULTHOOD WERE EVALUATED. EXPERIMENTS WERE CARRIED OUT IN TWO GROUPS OF 21-D-OLD RATS: EXPERIMENTAL GROUP, MAINTAINED ON HYPERTONIC SALINE (0.3 M-NACL) SOLUTION AND FOOD FOR 60 D, AND CONTROL GROUP, MAINTAINED ON TAP WATER AND FOOD. LATER, BOTH GROUPS WERE GIVEN WATER AND FOOD FOR 15 D (RECOVERY PERIOD). AFTER THE RECOVERY PERIOD, CHRONIC CANNULATION OF THE RIGHT FEMORAL ARTERY WAS PERFORMED IN UNANAESTHETISED RATS TO RECORD BASELINE MAP AND HEART RATE (HR). THE EXPERIMENTAL GROUP WAS FOUND TO HAVE INCREASED BASAL MAP (98.6 (SEM 2.6) V. 118.3 (SEM 2.7) MMHG, P< 0.05) AND HR (365.4 (SEM 12.2) V. 398.2 (SEM 7.5) BEATS PER MIN, P< 0.05). THERE WAS A DECREASE IN THE BAROREFLEX INDEX IN THE EXPERIMENTAL GROUP WHEN COMPARED WITH THAT IN THE CONTROL GROUP. A WATER AND NA INTAKE TEST WAS PERFORMED USING FUROSEMIDE. NA DEPLETION WAS FOUND TO INDUCE AN INCREASE IN NA INTAKE IN BOTH THE CONTROL AND EXPERIMENTAL GROUPS (12.1 (SEM 0.6) ML AND 7.8 (SEM 1.1), RESPECTIVELY, P< 0.05); HOWEVER, THIS INCREASE WAS OF LOWER MAGNITUDE IN THE EXPERIMENTAL GROUP. THESE RESULTS DEMONSTRATE THAT POSTNATAL NA OVERLOAD ALTERS BEHAVIOURAL AND CARDIOVASCULAR REGULATION IN ADULTHOOD.	2014	
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       
13  1709  29 DYSFUNCTIONAL ERG SIGNALING DRIVES PULMONARY VASCULAR AGING AND PERSISTENT FIBROSIS. VASCULAR DYSFUNCTION IS A HALLMARK OF CHRONIC DISEASES IN ELDERLY. THE CONTRIBUTION OF THE VASCULATURE TO LUNG REPAIR AND FIBROSIS IS NOT FULLY UNDERSTOOD. HERE, WE PERFORMED AN EPIGENETIC AND TRANSCRIPTIONAL ANALYSIS OF LUNG ENDOTHELIAL CELLS (ECS) FROM YOUNG AND AGED MICE DURING THE RESOLUTION OR PROGRESSION OF BLEOMYCIN-INDUCED LUNG FIBROSIS. WE IDENTIFIED THE TRANSCRIPTION FACTOR ETS-RELATED GENE (ERG) AS PUTATIVE ORCHESTRATOR OF LUNG CAPILLARY HOMEOSTASIS AND REPAIR, AND WHOSE FUNCTION IS DYSREGULATED IN AGING. ERG DYSREGULATION IS ASSOCIATED WITH REDUCED CHROMATIN ACCESSIBILITY AND MALADAPTIVE TRANSCRIPTIONAL RESPONSES TO INJURY. LOSS OF ENDOTHELIAL ERG ENHANCES PARACRINE FIBROBLAST ACTIVATION IN VITRO, AND IMPAIRS LUNG FIBROSIS RESOLUTION IN YOUNG MICE IN VIVO. SCRNA-SEQ OF ERG DEFICIENT MOUSE LUNGS REVEALES TRANSCRIPTIONAL AND FIBROGENIC ABNORMALITIES RESEMBLING THOSE ASSOCIATED WITH AGING AND HUMAN LUNG FIBROSIS, INCLUDING REDUCED NUMBER OF GENERAL CAPILLARY (GCAP) ECS. OUR FINDINGS DEMONSTRATE THAT LUNG ENDOTHELIAL CHROMATIN REMODELING DETERIORATES WITH AGING LEADING TO ABNORMAL TRANSCRIPTION, VASCULAR DYSREPAIR, AND PERSISTENT FIBROSIS FOLLOWING INJURY.	2022	
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                               
14  6043  27 THE COMBINED PROGNOSTIC SIGNIFICANCE OF ALKALINE PHOSPHATASE AND INTRACRANIAL ARTERIAL CALCIFICATIONS IN HEMODIALYSIS PATIENTS. INTRODUCTION: THE PREVALENCE OF INTRACRANIAL ARTERIAL CALCIFICATION (ICAC) IN MAINTENANCE HEMODIALYSIS (MHD) PATIENTS IS ABOUT 90%, AND ITS SEVERITY IS CORRELATED WITH AGE, HEMODIALYSIS VINTAGE, AND MINERAL BONE DISEASE. ELEVATED CONCENTRATIONS OF CALCIUM AND PHOSPHORUS ARE NOT SUFFICIENT FOR MEDIAL CALCIFICATION BECAUSE OF INHIBITION BY PYROPHOSPHATE. ALKALINE PHOSPHATASE (ALP) PROMOTES CALCIFICATION BY HYDROLYZING EXTRACELLULAR PYROPHOSPHATE. EPIGENETIC MECHANISMS INVOLVING ALP INHIBITION BY APABETALONE WERE INVESTIGATED AS A POTENTIAL TARGET FOR PREVENTING VASCULAR CALCIFICATIONS (VCS). THIS STUDY ASSESSED THE COMBINED IMPACT OF VCS AND ELEVATED SERUM ALP ON MORTALITY AMONG CHRONIC HD PATIENTS. METHODS: VCS REPRESENTED BY ICAC WERE MEASURED SIMULTANEOUSLY WITH MINERAL BONE DISEASE PARAMETERS INCLUDING SERUM ALP OF MHD PATIENTS WHO UNDERWENT NONCONTRAST BRAIN COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHY FROM 2015 TO 2018 IN OUR INSTITUTION. RESULTS: THIS RETROSPECTIVE STUDY INCLUDED 150 MHD PATIENTS (MEAN AGE 71.3 +/- 12.1 YEARS, 60.1% MALE). OF THE TOTAL COHORT, 12 (7.8%) HAD NO BRAIN CALCIFICATIONS AND 69 (45.1%) HAD MULTIPLE INTRACRANIAL CALCIFICATIONS. CONSIDERING THE PATIENTS WITH NORMAL ALP AND NO CALCIFICATION AS THE REFERENCE GROUP YIELDED ADJUSTED ODDS RATIOS FOR ALL-CAUSE MORTALITY OF 4.6 (95% CI: 1.7-12.7) AMONG PATIENTS WITH BRAIN CALCIFICATIONS AND NORMAL ALP (P = 0.003) AND ODDS RATIOS FOR ALL-CAUSE MORTALITY OF 6.1 (95% CI: 2.1-17.7) AMONG PATIENTS WITH BRAIN CALCIFICATIONS AND ELEVATED ALP (P= 0.001). CONCLUSION: WE FOUND AN INDEPENDENT ASSOCIATION BETWEEN ICAC AND THE RISK OF DEATH AMONG MHD PATIENTS. THE COMBINED EFFECT OF ICAC AND ELEVATED ALP WAS ASSOCIATED WITH A HIGHER ODDS RATIO FOR ALL-CAUSE MORTALITY IN MHD PATIENTS AND MAY CONTRIBUTE TO THE RISK STRATIFICATION OF THESE PATIENTS.	2021	
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              
15  3612  32 IN UTERO PARTICULATE MATTER EXPOSURE PRODUCES HEART FAILURE, ELECTRICAL REMODELING, AND EPIGENETIC CHANGES AT ADULTHOOD. BACKGROUND: PARTICULATE MATTER (PM; PM(2.5) [PM WITH DIAMETERS OF <2.5 MUM]) EXPOSURE DURING DEVELOPMENT IS STRONGLY ASSOCIATED WITH ADVERSE CARDIOVASCULAR OUTCOMES AT ADULTHOOD. IN THE PRESENT STUDY, WE TESTED THE HYPOTHESIS THAT IN UTERO PM(2.5) EXPOSURE ALONE COULD ALTER CARDIAC STRUCTURE AND FUNCTION AT ADULTHOOD. METHODS AND RESULTS: FEMALE FVB MICE WERE EXPOSED EITHER TO FILTERED AIR OR PM(2.5) AT AN AVERAGE CONCENTRATION OF 73.61 MUG/M(3) FOR 6 H/DAY, 7 DAYS/WEEK THROUGHOUT PREGNANCY. AFTER BIRTH, ANIMALS WERE ANALYZED AT 12 WEEKS OF AGE. ECHOCARDIOGRAPHIC (N=9-10 MICE/GROUP) AND PRESSURE-VOLUME LOOP ANALYSES (N=5 MICE/GROUP) REVEALED REDUCED FRACTIONAL SHORTENING, INCREASED LEFT VENTRICULAR END-SYSTOLIC AND -DIASTOLIC DIAMETERS, REDUCED LEFT VENTRICULAR POSTERIOR WALL THICKNESS, END-SYSTOLIC ELASTANCE, CONTRACTILE RESERVE (DP/DT(MAX)/END-SYSTOLIC VOLUME), FREQUENCY-DEPENDENT ACCELERATION OF RELAXATION), AND BLUNTED CONTRACTILE RESPONSE TO BETA-ADRENERGIC STIMULATION IN PM(2.5)-EXPOSED MICE. ISOLATED CARDIOMYOCYTE (N=4-5 MICE/GROUP) FUNCTION ILLUSTRATED REDUCED PEAK SHORTENING, +/-DL/DT, AND PROLONGED ACTION POTENTIAL DURATION AT 90% REPOLARIZATION. HISTOLOGICAL LEFT VENTRICULAR ANALYSES (N=3 MICE/GROUP) SHOWED INCREASED COLLAGEN DEPOSITION IN IN UTERO PM(2.5)-EXPOSED MICE AT ADULTHOOD. CARDIAC INTERLEUKIN (IL)-6, IL-1SS, COLLAGEN-1, MATRIX METALLOPROTEINASE (MMP) 9, AND MMP13 GENE EXPRESSIONS WERE INCREASED AT BIRTH IN IN UTERO PM(2.5)-EXPOSED MICE (N=4 MICE/GROUP). IN ADULT HEARTS (N=5 MICE/GROUP), GENE EXPRESSIONS OF SIRTUIN (SIRT) 1 AND SIRT2 WERE DECREASED, DNA METHYLTRANSFERASE (DNMT) 1, DNMT3A, AND DNMT3B WERE INCREASED, AND PROTEIN EXPRESSION (N=6 MICE/GROUP) OF CA(2+)-ATPASE, PHOSPHORYLATED PHOSPHOLAMBAN, AND NA(+)/CA(2+) EXCHANGER WERE DECREASED. CONCLUSIONS: IN UTERO PM(2.5) EXPOSURE TRIGGERS AN ACUTE INFLAMMATORY RESPONSE, CHRONIC MATRIX REMODELING, AND ALTERATIONS IN CA(2+) HANDLING PROTEINS, RESULTING IN GLOBAL ADULT CARDIAC DYSFUNCTION. THESE RESULTS ALSO HIGHLIGHT THE POTENTIAL INVOLVEMENT OF EPIGENETICS IN PRIMING OF ADULT CARDIAC DISEASE.	2017	
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      
16  6878  32 [REGIONAL EXPERIENCE OF A COMPREHENSIVE DYNAMIC ASSESSMENT OF THE ADOLESCENTS' HEALTH STATUS WITH POST-COVID-19 SYNDROME DURING AFTERCARE IN A SANATORIUM]. OBJECTIVE: TO DETERMINE THE CHARACTERISTICS OF SANATORIUM-RESORT THERAPY IMPACT ON CHILDREN WITH POST-COVID-19 SYNDROME OF VARIOUS SEVERITY, AS WELL AS TO REVEAL ASSOCIATION OF ITS SEVERITY WITH FAMILY HISTORY DATA AND GENETIC POLYMORPHISMS OF ALPHA-1-ANTITRYPSIN-SERPIN-1 COMPLEX. MATERIAL AND METHODS: THIS 2-WEEK RETROSPECTIVE COHORT STUDY INVOLVED 42 ADOLESCENTS AFTER NEW CORONAVIRUS INFECTION (COVID-19). THE FIRST GROUP INCLUDED 28 (67%) PATIENTS (MEAN AGE 13.1+/-0.8 YEARS) AFTER MILD COVID-19 (WITHOUT CONFIRMED CORONAVIRUS PNEUMONIA), THE SECOND GROUP - 14 (33%) PATIENTS (MEAN AGE 14.5+/-0.1.2 YEARS) AFTER MODERATE OR SEVERE DISEASE (WITH CONFIRMED CORONAVIRUS PNEUMONIA). A COMPLEX OF PROCEDURES, ACCORDING TO THE APPROVED STANDARD, WAS PRESCRIBED FOR ALL PATIENTS ADMITTED AFTER OUTPATIENT AND HOSPITAL TREATMENT TO THE PULMONOLOGY DEPARTMENT OF THE STATE CHILDREN'S SANATORIUM IN ORDER TO AFTERCARE. THE CERTAIN FOLLOW-UP PARAMETERS WERE EVALUATED: SYMPTOMS SEVERITY, LIFE QUALITY, RESPIRATORY FUNCTION AND RESPIRATORY GASES, AS WELL AS FAMILY MEDICAL HISTORY AND ALPHA-1-ANTITRYPSIN-SERPIN-1 COMPLEX. RESULTS: PATIENTS AFTER MODERATE AND SEVERE COVID-19 HAD INITIALLY LOWER AND LESS DYNAMIC GROWTH OF INTEGRAL LIFE QUALITY INDEX, MORE TORPID FOLLOW-UP RATES OF SPIROMETRY, PULSE OXIMETRY AND EXHALED GASES. ADDITIONALLY, THE HIGHER INCIDENCE DEGREE OF ADVERSE FAMILY MEDICAL HISTORY ASSOCIATED WITH RESPIRATORY ILLNESSES WAS ESTABLISHED IN THE GROUP AFTER NEW CORONAVIRUS INFECTION. MOREOVER, RELATIVELY MORE DEFICIENT ALPHA-1-ANTITRYPSIN AND MORE FREQUENT HETEROZYGOUS POLYMORPHISM TYPE OF SERPIN-1 WERE FOUND IN THE GROUP AFTER SEVERE NEW CORONAVIRUS INFECTION. CONCLUSION: THE REVEALED COMPLEX OF EPIGENETIC AND GENETIC FACTORS MAY INDICATE VARIOUS RISK AND DEVELOPMENT PHENOTYPES OF BOTH ACUTE AND CHRONIC RESPIRATORY DISEASES.	2023	
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                               
17  4686  38 NEW THERAPEUTIC TARGETS IN TRANSFUSION-DEPENDENT AND -INDEPENDENT THALASSEMIA. BETA-THALASSEMIAS ARE CHARACTERIZED BY REDUCED PRODUCTION OF BETA-GLOBIN CHAIN, RESULTING IN ALPHA/BETA-CHAIN UNBALANCE AND PRECIPITATION OF ALPHA-GLOBIN-HEME COMPLEXES AND DETERMINING INEFFECTIVE ERYTHROPOIESIS. INEFFECTIVE ERYTHROPOIESIS, CHRONIC HEMOLYTIC ANEMIA, AND COMPENSATORY HEMATOPOIETIC EXPANSION ARE THE DISEASE HALLMARKS, AND THEY ARE RELATED TO THE SEVERITY OF THE CHAIN UNBALANCE. SEVERAL CLINICAL FORMS OF BETA-THALASSEMIA, INCLUDING THE COINHERITANCE OF BETA-THALASSEMIA WITH HEMOGLOBIN E RESULTING IN HEMOGLOBIN E/BETA-THALASSEMIA, HAVE BEEN DESCRIBED. CLINICALLY, BETA-THALASSEMIAS CAN BE CLASSIFIED AS TRANSFUSION-DEPENDENT THALASSEMIA (TDT) AND NON-TRANSFUSION-DEPENDENT THALASSEMIA (NTDT) ACCORDING TO THE SEVERITY OF THE PHENOTYPE, WHICH IS CAUSED BY A WIDE SPECTRUM OF MUTATIONS IN A HOMOZYGOUS OR COMPOUND HETEROZYGOUS STATE. CURRENT TREATMENT OF TDT CONSISTS OF REGULAR TRANSFUSIONS THAT LEAD TO IRON OVERLOAD, REQUIRING IRON CHELATION TO PREVENT IRON-RELATED ORGAN TOXICITY. NTDT PATIENTS DO NOT REQUIRE TRANSFUSIONS OR ONLY OCCASIONALLY REQUIRE THEM; HOWEVER, THEY DEVELOP IRON OVERLOAD AS WELL BECAUSE OF INCREASED INTESTINAL IRON ABSORPTION CAUSED BY CHRONIC ANEMIA. HEMATOPOIETIC STEM CELL ALLOGENIC TRANSPLANT IS THE ONLY APPROVED CURE FOR BETA-THALASSEMIA; HOWEVER, IT IS STILL LIMITED BY CLINICAL CONDITIONS AND THE AVAILABILITY OF MATCHED DONORS AS WELL AS BY POTENTIAL GRAFT-VERSUS-HOST DISEASE (GVHD). GENE THERAPY COULD AVOID THE GVHD RISK, ALTHOUGH HEMATOPOIETIC STEM CELLS MUST BE GENETICALLY MODIFIED EX VIVO. EPIGENETIC MANIPULATION AND GENOMIC EDITING ARE NOVEL EXPERIMENTAL APPROACHES. AN INCREASED UNDERSTANDING OF THE PATHOPHYSIOLOGY THAT CONTROLS THE DISEASE PROCESS PROMPTED US TO EXPLORE ALTERNATIVE THERAPEUTIC APPROACHES THAT ADDRESS THE UNDERLYING CHAIN UNBALANCE, INEFFECTIVE ERYTHROPOIESIS, AND IRON DYSREGULATION. MOLECULES, SUCH AS JAK2 INHIBITORS AND THE ACTIVIN-RECEPTOR LIGAND TRAP THAT TARGET INEFFECTIVE ERYTHROPOIESIS, ARE ALREADY IN CLINICAL TRIALS WITH PROMISING RESULTS. OTHER AGENTS AIMED TO GENERATE IRON-RESTRICTED ERYTHROPOIESIS ARE ALSO UNDER EXPERIMENTAL EVALUATION.	2017	
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          
18  4997  30 PERINATAL LEAD (PB) EXPOSURE RESULTS IN SEX AND TISSUE-DEPENDENT ADULT DNA METHYLATION ALTERATIONS IN MURINE IAP TRANSPOSONS. EPIDEMIOLOGICAL AND ANIMAL DATA SUGGEST THAT ADULT CHRONIC DISEASE IS INFLUENCED BY EARLY-LIFE EXPOSURE-INDUCED CHANGES TO THE EPIGENOME. PREVIOUSLY, WE OBSERVED THAT PERINATAL LEAD (PB) EXPOSURE RESULTS IN PERSISTENT MURINE METABOLIC- AND ACTIVITY-RELATED EFFECTS. USING PHYLOGENETIC AND DNA METHYLATION ANALYSIS, WE HAVE ALSO IDENTIFIED NOVEL INTRACISTERNAL A PARTICLE (IAP) RETROTRANSPOSONS EXHIBITING REGIONS OF VARIABLE METHYLATION AS CANDIDATE LOCI FOR ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS ON THE EPIGENOME. HERE, WE NOW EVALUATE BRAIN AND KIDNEY DNA METHYLATION PROFILES OF FOUR REPRESENTATIVE IAPS IN ADULT MICE EXPOSED TO HUMAN PHYSIOLOGICALLY RELEVANT LEVELS OF PB TWO WEEKS PRIOR TO MATING THROUGH LACTATION. WHEN IAPS ACROSS THE GENOME WERE EVALUATED GLOBALLY, AVERAGE (SD) METHYLATION LEVELS WERE 92.84% (3.74) DIFFERING BY TISSUE (P < 0.001), BUT NOT SEX OR DOSE. BY CONTRAST, THE FOUR INDIVIDUAL IAPS DISPLAYED TISSUE-SPECIFIC PB AND SEX EFFECTS. MEDIUM PB-EXPOSED MICE HAD 3.86% LESS BRAIN METHYLATION AT IAP 110 (P < 0.01), WHILE HIGH PB-EXPOSED MICE HAD 2.83% LESS BRAIN METHYLATION AT IAP 236 (P = 0.01) AND 1.77% LESS AT IAP 506 (P = 0.05). INDIVIDUAL IAP DNA METHYLATION DIFFERED BY SEX FOR IAP 110 IN THE BRAIN AND KIDNEY, IAP 236 IN THE KIDNEY, AND IAP 1259 IN THE KIDNEY. USING TOMTOM, WE IDENTIFIED THREE BINDING MOTIFS THAT MATCHED TO EACH OF OUR NOVEL IAPS IMPACTED BY PB, ONE OF WHICH (HMGA2) HAS BEEN LINKED TO METABOLIC-RELATED CONDITIONS IN BOTH MICE AND HUMANS. THUS, THESE RECENTLY IDENTIFIED IAPS DISPLAY TISSUE-SPECIFIC ENVIRONMENTAL LABILITY AS WELL AS SEX-SPECIFIC DIFFERENCES SUPPORTING AN EPIGENETIC LINK BETWEEN EARLY EXPOSURE TO PB AND LATER-IN-LIFE HEALTH OUTCOMES. ENVIRON. MOL. MUTAGEN. 58:540-550, 2017. (C) 2017 WILEY PERIODICALS, INC.	2017	
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              
19  5179  37 PREGNANCY: AN UNDERUTILIZED WINDOW OF OPPORTUNITY TO IMPROVE LONG-TERM MATERNAL AND INFANT HEALTH-AN APPEAL FOR CONTINUOUS FAMILY CARE AND INTERDISCIPLINARY COMMUNICATION. PHYSIOLOGIC ADAPTATIONS DURING PREGNANCY UNMASK A WOMAN'S PREDISPOSITION TO DISEASES. COMPLICATIONS ARE INCREASINGLY PREDICTED BY FIRST-TRIMESTER ALGORITHMS, AMPLIFY A PRE-EXISTING MATERNAL PHENOTYPE AND ACCELERATE RISKS FOR CHRONIC DISEASES IN THE OFFSPRING UP TO ADULTHOOD (BARKER HYPOTHESIS). RECENT EVIDENCE SUGGESTS THAT VICE VERSA, PREGNANCY DISEASES ALSO INDICATE MATERNAL AND EVEN GRANDPARENT'S RISKS FOR CHRONIC DISEASES (REVERSE BARKER HYPOTHESIS). PUB-MED AND EMBASE WERE REVIEWED FOR MESH TERMS "FETAL PROGRAMMING" AND "PREGNANCY COMPLICATIONS COMBINED WITH MATERNAL DISEASE" UNTIL JANUARY 2017. STUDIES LINKING PREGNANCY COMPLICATIONS TO FUTURE CARDIOVASCULAR, METABOLIC, AND THROMBOTIC RISKS FOR MOTHER AND OFFSPRING WERE REVIEWED. WOMEN WITH A HISTORY OF MISCARRIAGE, FETAL GROWTH RESTRICTION, PREECLAMPSIA, PRETERM DELIVERY, OBESITY, EXCESSIVE GESTATIONAL WEIGHT GAIN, GESTATIONAL DIABETES, SUBFERTILITY, AND THROMBOPHILIA MORE FREQUENTLY DEMONSTRATE WITH ECHOCARDIOGRAPHIC ABNORMALITIES, HIGHER FASTING INSULIN, DEVIATING LIPIDS OR CLOTTING FACTORS AND SHOW DEFECTIVE ENDOTHELIAL FUNCTION. THROMBOPHILIA HINTS TO THROMBOTIC RISKS IN LATER LIFE. PREGNANCY ABNORMALITIES CORRELATE WITH FUTURE CARDIOVASCULAR AND METABOLIC COMPLICATIONS AND EARLIER MORTALITY. CONVERSELY, WOMEN WITH A NORMAL PREGNANCY HAVE LOWER RATES OF SUBSEQUENT DISEASES THAN THE GENERAL FEMALE POPULATION CREATING THE TERM: "PREGNANCY AS A WINDOW FOR FUTURE HEALTH." ALTHOUGH THE PLACENTA WORKS AS A GATEKEEPER, MANY PREGNANCY COMPLICATIONS MAY LEAD TO SICKNESS AND EARLIER DEATH IN LATER LIFE WHEN THE CHILD BECOMES AN ADULT. THE EPIGENETIC MECHANISMS AND THE MISMATCH BETWEEN PRE- AND POSTNATAL LIFE HAVE CREATED THE TERM "FETAL ORIGIN OF ADULT DISEASE." UP TO NOW, THE IMPACT OF CARDIOVASCULAR, METABOLIC, OR THROMBOTIC RISK PROFILES HAS BEEN INVESTIGATED SEPARATELY FOR MOTHER AND CHILD. IN THIS MANUSCRIPT, WE STRIVE TO ILLUSTRATE THE CONSEQUENCES FOR BOTH, FETUS AND MOTHER WITHIN A COHESIVE PERSPECTIVE AND THUS TRY TO DEMONSTRATE THE COMPLEX INTERRELATIONSHIP OF GENETICS AND EPIGENETICS FOR LONG-TERM HEALTH OF SOCIETIES AND FUTURE GENERATIONS. MATERNAL-FETAL MEDICINE SPECIALISTS SHOULD HAVE A KEY ROLE IN THE PREVENTION OF NON-COMMUNICABLE DISEASES BY IMPLEMENTING A FRAMEWORK FOR PATIENT CONSULTATION AND INTERDISCIPLINARY NETWORKS. HEALTH-CARE PROVIDERS AND POLICY MAKERS SHOULD INCREASINGLY INVEST IN A STRATIFIED PRIMARY PREVENTION AND FOLLOW-UP TO REDUCE THE INCREASING NUMBER OF MANIFEST CARDIOVASCULAR AND METABOLIC DISEASES AND TO PREVENT WASTE OF HEALTH-CARE RESOURCES.	2017	
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       
20  3064  39 GENOME-WIDE DNA METHYLATION ENCODES CARDIAC TRANSCRIPTIONAL REPROGRAMMING IN HUMAN ISCHEMIC HEART FAILURE. ISCHEMIC CARDIOMYOPATHY (ICM) IS THE CLINICAL ENDPOINT OF CORONARY HEART DISEASE AND A LEADING CAUSE OF HEART FAILURE. DESPITE GROWING DEMANDS TO DEVELOP PERSONALIZED APPROACHES TO TREAT ICM, PROGRESS IS LIMITED BY INADEQUATE KNOWLEDGE OF ITS PATHOGENESIS. SINCE EPIGENETICS HAS BEEN IMPLICATED IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF OTHER CHRONIC DISEASES, THE CURRENT STUDY WAS DESIGNED TO DETERMINE WHETHER TRANSCRIPTIONAL AND/OR EPIGENETIC CHANGES ARE SUFFICIENT TO DISTINGUISH ICM FROM OTHER ETIOLOGIES OF HEART FAILURE. SPECIFICALLY, WE HYPOTHESIZE THAT GENOME-WIDE DNA METHYLATION ENCODES TRANSCRIPTIONAL REPROGRAMMING IN ICM. RNA-SEQUENCING ANALYSIS WAS PERFORMED ON HUMAN ISCHEMIC LEFT VENTRICULAR TISSUE OBTAINED FROM PATIENTS WITH END-STAGE HEART FAILURE, WHICH ENRICHED KNOWN TARGETS OF THE POLYCOMB METHYLTRANSFERASE EZH2 COMPARED TO NON-ISCHEMIC HEARTS. COMBINED RNA SEQUENCING AND GENOME-WIDE DNA METHYLATION ANALYSIS REVEALED A ROBUST GENE EXPRESSION PATTERN CONSISTENT WITH SUPPRESSION OF OXIDATIVE METABOLISM, INDUCED ANAEROBIC GLYCOLYSIS, AND ALTERED CELLULAR REMODELING. LASTLY, KLF15 WAS IDENTIFIED AS A PUTATIVE UPSTREAM REGULATOR OF METABOLIC GENE EXPRESSION THAT WAS ITSELF REGULATED BY EZH2 IN A SET DOMAIN-DEPENDENT MANNER. OUR OBSERVATIONS THEREFORE DEFINE A NOVEL ROLE OF DNA METHYLATION IN THE METABOLIC REPROGRAMMING OF ICM. FURTHERMORE, WE IDENTIFY EZH2 AS AN EPIGENETIC REGULATOR OF KLF15 ALONG WITH DNA HYPERMETHYLATION, AND WE PROPOSE A NOVEL MECHANISM THROUGH WHICH CORONARY HEART DISEASE REPROGRAMS THE EXPRESSION OF BOTH INTERMEDIATE ENZYMES AND UPSTREAM REGULATORS OF CARDIAC METABOLISM SUCH AS KLF15.	2019