1  2986 182 GENETIC ENGINEERING TO ENHANCE CROP-BASED PHYTONUTRIENTS (NUTRACEUTICALS) TO ALLEVIATE DIET-RELATED DISEASES. NUTRITION STUDIES HAVE PROVIDED UNAMBIGUOUS EVIDENCE THAT A NUMBER OF HUMAN HEALTH MALADIES INCLUDING CHRONIC CORONARY ARTERY, HYPERTENSION, DIABETES, OSTEOPOROSIS, CANCER AND AGE- AND LIFESTYLE-RELATED DISEASES ARE ASSOCIATED WITH THE DIET. SEVERAL FAVORABLE AND A FEW DELETERIOUS NATURAL DIETARY INGREDIENTS HAVE BEEN IDENTIFIED THAT PREDISPOSE HUMAN POPULATIONS TO VARIOUS GENETIC AND EPIGENETIC BASED DISORDERS. MEDIA DISSEMINATION OF THIS INFORMATION HAS GREATLY RAISED PUBLIC AWARENESS OF THE BENEFICIAL EFFECTS DUE TO INCREASED CONSUMPTION OF FRUIT, VEGETABLES AND WHOLE GRAIN CEREALS-FOODS RICH IN PHYTONUTRIENTS, PROTEIN AND FIBER. HOWEVER, THE PRESENCE OF INTRINSICALLY LOW LEVELS OF THE BENEFICIAL PHYTONUTRIENTS IN THE AVAILABLE GENOTYPES OF CROP PLANTS IS NOT ALWAYS AT PAR WITH THE RECOMMENDED DAILY ALLOWANCE (RDA) FOR DIFFERENT PHYTONUTRIENTS (NUTRACEUTICALS). MOLECULAR ENGINEERING OF CROP PLANTS HAS OFFERED A NUMBER OF TOOLS TO MARKEDLY ENHANCE INTRACELLULAR CONCENTRATIONS OF SOME OF THE BENEFICIAL NUTRIENTS, LEVELS THAT, IN SOME CASES, ARE CLOSER TO THE RDA THRESHOLD. THIS REVIEW BRINGS TOGETHER LITERATURE ON VARIOUS STRATEGIES UTILIZED FOR BIOENGINEERING BOTH MAJOR AND MINOR CROPS TO INCREASE THE LEVELS OF DESIRABLE PHYTONUTRIENTS WHILE ALSO DECREASING THE CONCENTRATIONS OF DELETERIOUS METABOLITES. SOME OF THESE INCLUDE INCREASES IN: PROTEIN LEVEL IN POTATO; LYSINE IN CORN AND RICE; METHIONINE IN ALFALFA; CAROTENOIDS (BETA-CAROTENE, PHYTOENE, LYCOPENE, ZEAXANTHIN AND LUTEIN) IN RICE, POTATO, CANOLA, TOMATO; CHOLINE IN TOMATO; FOLATES IN RICE, CORN, TOMATO AND LETTUCE; VITAMIN C IN CORN AND LETTUCE; POLYPHENOLICS SUCH AS FLAVONOL, ISOFLAVONE, RESVERATROL, CHLOROGENIC ACID AND OTHER FLAVONOIDS IN TOMATO; ANTHOCYANIN LEVELS IN TOMATO AND POTATO; ALPHA-TOCOPHEROL IN SOYBEAN, OIL SEED, LETTUCE AND POTATO; IRON AND ZINC IN TRANSGENIC RICE. ALSO, MOLECULAR ENGINEERING HAS SUCCEEDED IN CONSIDERABLY REDUCING THE LEVELS OF THE OFFENDING PROTEIN GLUTELIN IN RICE, OFFERING PROOF OF CONCEPT AND A NEW BEGINNING FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF SUPER-LOW GLUTELIN CEREALS FOR CELIAC DISEASE PATIENTS.	2010	
                                                                                                                                                                                      
2  3689  31 INFLAMMATORY AUTO-IMMUNE DISEASES OF THE INTESTINE AND THEIR MANAGEMENT BY NATURAL BIOACTIVE COMPOUNDS. AUTOIMMUNE DISEASES ARE CAUSED BY THE OVERACTIVITY OF THE IMMUNE SYSTEM TOWARDS SELF-CONSTITUENTS. RISK FACTORS OF AUTOIMMUNE DISEASES ARE MULTIPLE AND INCLUDE GENETIC, EPIGENETIC, ENVIRONMENTAL, AND PSYCHOLOGICAL. AUTOIMMUNE CHRONIC INFLAMMATORY BOWEL DISEASES, INCLUDING CELIAC AND INFLAMMATORY DISEASES (CROHN'S DISEASE AND ULCERATIVE COLITIS), CONSTITUTE A SIGNIFICANT HEALTH PROBLEM WORLDWIDE. BESIDES THE COMPLEXITY OF THE SYMPTOMS OF THESE DISEASES, THEIR TREATMENTS HAVE ONLY BEEN PALLIATIVE. NUMEROUS INVESTIGATIONS SHOWED THAT NATURAL PHYTOCHEMICALS COULD BE PROMISING STRATEGIES TO FIGHT AGAINST THESE AUTOIMMUNE DISEASES. IN THIS RESPECT, PLANT-DERIVED NATURAL COMPOUNDS SUCH AS FLAVONOIDS, PHENOLIC ACIDS, AND TERPENOIDS EXHIBITED SIGNIFICANT EFFECTS AGAINST THREE AUTOIMMUNE DISEASES AFFECTING THE INTESTINE, PARTICULARLY BOWEL DISEASES. THIS REVIEW FOCUSES ON THE ROLE OF NATURAL COMPOUNDS OBTAINED FROM MEDICINAL PLANTS IN MODULATING INFLAMMATORY AUTO-IMMUNE DISEASES OF THE INTESTINE. IT COVERS THE MOST RECENT LITERATURE RELATED TO THE EFFECT OF THESE NATURAL COMPOUNDS IN THE TREATMENT AND PREVENTION OF AUTO-IMMUNE DISEASES OF THE INTESTINE.	2022	
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                         
3  3172  33 GUT MICROBIOTA AND RISK OF DEVELOPING CELIAC DISEASE. GUT MICROBIOTA SHAPES THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE MUCOSAL IMMUNE SYSTEM AND MAY PROVIDE PROTECTION AGAINST IMMUNE-MEDIATED DISEASES. CELIAC DISEASE (CD) IS A CHRONIC INFLAMMATORY CONDITION TRIGGERED BY DIETARY GLUTEN PROTEINS, RECENTLY ASSOCIATED WITH GUT MICROBIOTA ALTERATIONS IN CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDIES COMPARING PATIENTS AND CONTROLS. WHETHER OR NOT THESE DIFFERENCES ARE CAUSALLY RELATED TO THE DISEASE HAS YET TO BE ELUCIDATED, BUT EVALUATION OF SPECIFIC BACTERIA ISOLATED FROM CD PATIENTS IN EXPERIMENTAL MODELS SUGGESTS THAT THEY CAN PROMOTE AN ADVERSE RESPONSE TO DIETARY GLUTEN, WHEREAS OTHER COMMENSAL BACTERIA CAN BE PROTECTIVE. GENETIC AND ENVIRONMENTAL FACTORS ASSOCIATED WITH INCREASED CD RISK HAVE ALSO BEEN LINKED TO SHIFTS IN THE GUT MICROBIOTA COMPOSITION IN INFANTS EARLY IN LIFE. EPIGENETIC MECHANISMS ALSO SEEM TO PLAY AN IMPORTANT ROLE IN MODULATING GUT MICROBIOTA COMPOSITION AND FUNCTION AND, THEORETICALLY, COULD ALSO INFLUENCE CD RISK. HERE, WE REVIEW THE CURRENT KNOWLEDGE ON HOW HOST GENETICS, ENVIRONMENTAL FACTORS, AND EPIGENETIC MODIFICATIONS COULD MODULATE GUT MICROBIOTA FUNCTIONALITY AND HOW THIS MAY INFLUENCE CD RISK. GREATER UNDERSTANDING OF THE ROLE OF THIS TRIAD IN CD ONSET AND PATHOGENESIS WILL BE VALUABLE IN DESIGNING PROOF-OF CONCEPT INTERVENTIONS IN THE GUT ECOSYSTEM, WITH A VIEW TO IMPROVING CD MANAGEMENT.	2016	
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                               
4  1771  27 EARLY-LIFE ORIGIN OF INTESTINAL INFLAMMATORY DISORDERS. A GROWING BODY OF EVIDENCE SUPPORTS THE CONCEPT OF PERINATAL PROGRAMMING THROUGH WHICH THE PERINATAL ENVIRONMENT AFFECTS THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE FETUS AND INFANT, THEREBY MODIFYING THE RISK PROFILE FOR DISEASE LATER IN LIFE. INCREASING ATTENTION IS FOCUSING ON THE ROLE OF THE EARLY ENVIRONMENT IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF CHRONIC INTESTINAL DISORDERS. EPIDEMIOLOGICAL STUDIES HAVE HIGHLIGHTED THE LINK BETWEEN PERINATAL FACTORS, SUCH AS BREASTFEEDING, CESAREAN DELIVERY, AND ANTIBIOTIC USE, AND AN INCREASED RISK FOR INFLAMMATORY BOWEL DISEASE AND/OR CELIAC DISEASE. THESE LINKS ARE CONSISTENT WITH THE CONCEPT OF PERINATAL PROGRAMMING OF INTESTINAL INFLAMMATORY DISORDERS. ANIMAL MODELS HAVE SHOWN THAT THE EARLY-LIFE ENVIRONMENT AFFECTS THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE GASTROINTESTINAL TRACT, BUT FURTHER EXPERIMENTAL STUDIES ARE NEEDED TO CONFIRM THE LONG-TERM EFFECTS OF THE PERINATAL ENVIRONMENT ON SUSCEPTIBILITY TO CHRONIC INTESTINAL DISORDERS LATER IN LIFE. CHANGES IN THE DEVELOPMENT AND COMPOSITION OF THE INTESTINAL MICROBIOTA AS WELL AS EPIGENETIC CHANGES ARE EMERGING AS KEY MECHANISMS THROUGH WHICH THE PERINATAL ENVIRONMENT DETERMINES SUSCEPTIBILITY TO INTESTINAL INFLAMMATORY DISORDERS.	2017	
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                               
5   424  33 ANTHOCYANINS: FROM MECHANISMS OF REGULATION IN PLANTS TO HEALTH BENEFITS IN FOODS. ANTHOCYANINS REPRESENT THE MAJOR RED, PURPLE, AND BLUE PIGMENTS IN MANY FLOWERS, FRUITS, VEGETABLES, AND CEREALS. THEY ARE ALSO RECOGNIZED AS IMPORTANT HEALTH-PROMOTING COMPONENTS IN THE HUMAN DIET WITH PROTECTIVE EFFECTS AGAINST MANY CHRONIC DISEASES, INCLUDING CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASES, OBESITY, AND CANCER. ANTHOCYANIN BIOSYNTHESIS HAS BEEN STUDIED EXTENSIVELY, AND BOTH BIOSYNTHETIC AND KEY REGULATORY GENES HAVE BEEN ISOLATED IN MANY PLANT SPECIES. HERE, WE WILL PROVIDE AN OVERVIEW OF RECENT PROGRESS IN UNDERSTANDING THE ANTHOCYANIN BIOSYNTHETIC PATHWAY IN PLANTS, FOCUSING ON THE TRANSCRIPTION FACTORS CONTROLLING ACTIVATION OR REPRESSION OF ANTHOCYANIN ACCUMULATION IN CEREALS AND FRUITS OF DIFFERENT PLANT SPECIES, WITH SPECIAL EMPHASIS ON THE DIFFERENCES IN MOLECULAR MECHANISMS BETWEEN MONOCOT AND DICOT PLANTS. RECENTLY, NEW INSIGHT INTO THE TRANSCRIPTIONAL REGULATION OF THE ANTHOCYANIN BIOSYNTHESIS, INCLUDING POSITIVE AND NEGATIVE FEEDBACK CONTROL AS WELL AS EPIGENETIC AND POST-TRANSLATIONAL REGULATION OF MYB-BHLH-WD40 COMPLEXES, HAS BEEN GAINED. WE WILL CONSIDER HOW KNOWLEDGE OF REGULATORY MECHANISMS HAS HELPED TO PRODUCE ANTHOCYANIN-ENRICHED FOODS THROUGH CONVENTIONAL BREEDING AND METABOLIC ENGINEERING. ADDITIONALLY, WE WILL BRIEFLY DISCUSS THE BIOLOGICAL ACTIVITIES OF ANTHOCYANINS AS COMPONENTS OF THE HUMAN DIET AND RECENT FINDINGS DEMONSTRATING THE IMPORTANT HEALTH BENEFITS OF ANTHOCYANIN-RICH FOODS AGAINST CHRONIC DISEASES.	2021	
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          
6  3170  30 GUT INFLAMMATION AND TUMORIGENESIS: EVERY SITE HAS A DIFFERENT TALE TO TELL. GUT INFLAMMATION HAS BEEN CORRELATED WITH CANCEROGENESIS BY DISRUPTING GASTROINTESTINAL HOMEOSTASIS. NUMEROUS CHRONIC INFLAMMATORY DISORDERS OF THE TUBULAR GASTROINTESTINAL TRACT (E.G., GASTROESOPHAGEAL REFLUX DISEASE, HELICOBACTER PYLORI-INDUCED AND AUTOIMMUNE CHRONIC GASTRITIS, CELIAC DISEASE, AND INFLAMMATORY BOWEL DISEASES) HAVE BEEN VARIABLY ASSOCIATED WITH AN INCREASED NEOPLASTIC RISK. GASTROINTESTINAL INFLAMMATION-INDUCED NEOPLASMS INCLUDE EPITHELIAL TUMORS (ESOPHAGEAL SQUAMOUS CELL CARCINOMA AND ADENOCARCINOMA, GASTRIC ADENOCARCINOMA AND NEUROENDOCRINE TUMORS, SMALL BOWEL ADENOCARCINOMA AND NEUROENDOCRINE TUMORS, AND COLORECTAL CANCER) AND LYMPHOMAS (SUCH AS GASTRIC MARGINAL ZONE LYMPHOMAS AND ENTEROPATHY-ASSOCIATED T CELL LYMPHOMA). IN THE LAST DECADES, NUMEROUS STUDIES HAVE INVESTIGATED THE PATHOGENETIC MECHANISMS AND THE MICROENVIRONMENTAL/MICROBIOME CHANGES THAT TRIGGER GENETIC AND/OR EPIGENETIC ALTERATIONS EVENTUALLY LEADING TO TUMORIGENESIS, OFTEN THROUGH A HISTOLOGICALLY RECOGNIZABLE INFLAMMATION-DYSPLASIA-CARCINOMA CANCEROGENIC SEQUENCE. IN THE PRESENT REVIEW, AN OVERVIEW OF THE CURRENT KNOWLEDGE ON THE LINKS BETWEEN INFLAMMATORY DISEASES AND NEOPLASMS OF THE TUBULAR GI TRACT, APPLYING A SITE-BY-SITE APPROACH, IS PROVIDED.	2023	
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                   
7   617  46 BIOACTIVE FOOD COMPOUNDS, EPIGENETICS AND CHRONIC DISEASE PREVENTION: FOCUS ON EARLY-LIFE INTERVENTIONS WITH POLYPHENOLS. CONSUMPTION OF BIOACTIVE COMPOUNDS SUCH AS POLYPHENOLS, ISOTHIOCYANATES, SULFUR-CONTAINING COMPOUNDS AND TERPENOIDS, FOUND IN FRUITS AND VEGETABLES, IS ASSOCIATED WITH PREVENTION OF CHRONIC DISEASE. THESE BIOACTIVE FOOD COMPOUNDS ELICIT THEIR PROTECTIVE EFFECTS THROUGH COMPLEX MECHANISMS AT THE CELLULAR AND MOLECULAR, INCLUDING EPIGENETIC LEVELS. ACCORDING TO THE DEVELOPMENTAL ORIGINS OF HEALTH AND DISEASE (DOHAD) PARADIGM, IN UTERO EXPOSURE TO STRESSORS SUCH AS MALNUTRITION THROUGH MATERNAL DIET WOULD IMPAIR FETAL DEVELOPMENT AND EPIGENETICALLY PROGRAM INCREASED RISK OF METABOLIC DISEASES AND SOME CANCERS IN ADULT LIFE. IN ADDITION, A ROLE FOR FATHERS DIET DURING PRECONCEPTION ON THEIR OFFSPRING HEALTH AND CHRONIC DISEASE SUSCEPTIBILITY HAS ALSO EMERGED. THIS HIGHLIGHTS EARLY LIFE AS A PROMISING WINDOW OF OPPORTUNITY FOR STARTING DIETARY INTERVENTIONS FOCUSING ON PREVENTING CHRONIC DISEASES. HOWEVER, KNOWLEDGE ON THE POTENTIAL BENEFICIAL IMPACT OF EARLY LIFE EXPOSURE TO BIOACTIVE FOOD COMPOUNDS IS LIMITED. AMONG THE STUDIES THAT HAVE INVESTIGATED BIOACTIVE FOOD COMPOUNDS IN THE CONTEXT OF DOHAD, MOST HAVE FOCUSED ON THE IMPACT OF DIETARY POLYPHENOLS. THUS, IN THIS REVIEW WE DISCUSS EXPERIMENTAL EVIDENCE SUPPORTING A ROLE FOR THE DIETARY POLYPHENOLS RESVERATROL, GENISTEIN, EPIGALLOCATECHIN-3-GALLATE AND ANTHOCYANINS IN CHRONIC DISEASE PREVENTION CONSIDERING A PERSPECTIVE FROM EARLY-LIFE INTERVENTIONS THROUGH MATERNAL AND PATERNAL DIETS AND FOCUSING ON EPIGENETICS AS A POTENTIAL UNDERLYING MECHANISM.	2019	
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            
8  2999  27 GENETIC VARIATION, STRESS, AND PHYSIOLOGICAL STRESS RESPONSE IN ADULTS WITH FOOD ALLERGY OR CELIAC DISEASE. BACKGROUND: PERSISTENTLY HIGH CHRONIC STRESS CAN LEAD TO MALADAPTIVE PSYCHOLOGICAL, BEHAVIORAL, AND PHYSIOLOGICAL STRESS RESPONSES AND POOR MENTAL AND PHYSICAL HEALTH, HIGHLIGHTING THE IMPORTANCE OF IDENTIFYING INDIVIDUALS AT INCREASED RISK. CHRONIC HEALTH CONDITION DIAGNOSIS AND GENETICS ARE 2 CHARACTERISTICS THAT CAN INFLUENCE STRESS, STRESS RESPONSE, AND HEALTH OUTCOMES. PURPOSE: FOOD ALLERGY (FA) AND CELIAC DISEASE (CD) REQUIRE CONSTANT VIGILANCE IN DAILY LIFE AND CAN LEAD TO INCREASED STRESS. THE PURPOSE OF THIS EXPLORATORY ANALYSIS WAS TO EXAMINE THE ASSOCIATION OF VARIANTS IN SELECTED STRESS-RELATED GENES WITH STRESS EXPOSURES, STRESS, CLINICAL MEASURES OF PHYSIOLOGICAL STRESS RESPONSE, AND MENTAL HEALTH SYMPTOMS IN ADULTS WITH AND WITHOUT FA OR CD. METHODS: WE COMPARED STRESS EXPOSURES, SYMPTOMS OF PTSD, DEPRESSION, ANXIETY, AND STRESS, BMI, AND WAIST-HIP RATIO BETWEEN CASES AND CONTROLS. WE ANALYZED THE ASSOCIATION OF SNPS IN GENES WITH KNOWN OR HYPOTHESIZED ASSOCIATIONS WITH STRESS-RELATED MEASURES IN 124 CASES AND 124 MATCHED CONTROLS: CRHBP (RS7718461, RS10474485), CRHR1 (RS242940) AND OXTR (RS2268490). FOR THIS EXPLORATORY STUDY, P-VALUES </= 0.10 WERE CONSIDERED SUGGESTIVE. RESULTS: FOR CASES AND CONTROLS, RS7718461 WAS ASSOCIATED WITH STRESS SYMPTOMS, RS2268490 WITH SYMPTOMS OF STRESS AND PTSD, AND RS242940 WITH SYMPTOMS OF STRESS, PTSD, ANXIETY, AND DEPRESSION. FURTHER ANALYSES FOUND THAT STRESS-RELATED OUTCOMES IN INDIVIDUALS WITH FA OR CD MAY BE INFLUENCED BY SNP GENOTYPE. CONCLUSIONS: GIVEN THESE SUGGESTIVE FINDINGS, LARGER PROSPECTIVE STUDIES SHOULD EXAMINE SIMILAR RELATIONSHIPS IN INDIVIDUALS WITH OTHER CHRONIC HEALTH CONDITIONS, INCORPORATING FACTORS SUCH AS ENVIRONMENTAL EXPOSURES, INDIVIDUAL EXPERIENCES, AND EPIGENETIC MODIFICATIONS.	2023	
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                   
9  1398  48 DIET, GUT MICROBIOME AND EPIGENETICS: EMERGING LINKS WITH INFLAMMATORY BOWEL DISEASES AND PROSPECTS FOR MANAGEMENT AND PREVENTION. INFLAMMATORY BOWEL DISEASES (IBD) REPRESENT A GROWING PUBLIC HEALTH CONCERN DUE TO INCREASING INCIDENCE WORLDWIDE. THE CURRENT NOTION ON THE PATHOGENESIS OF IBD IS THAT GENETICALLY SUSCEPTIBLE INDIVIDUALS DEVELOP INTOLERANCE TO DYSREGULATED GUT MICROFLORA (DYSBIOSIS) AND CHRONIC INFLAMMATION DEVELOPS AS A RESULT OF ENVIRONMENTAL TRIGGERS. AMONG THE ENVIRONMENTAL FACTORS ASSOCIATED WITH IBD, DIET PLAYS AN IMPORTANT ROLE IN MODULATING THE GUT MICROBIOME, INFLUENCING EPIGENETIC CHANGES, AND, THEREFORE, COULD BE APPLIED AS A THERAPEUTIC TOOL TO IMPROVE THE DISEASE COURSE. NEVERTHELESS, THE CURRENT DIETARY RECOMMENDATIONS FOR DISEASE PREVENTION AND MANAGEMENT ARE SCARCE AND HAVE WEAK EVIDENCE. THIS REVIEW SUMMARISES THE CURRENT KNOWLEDGE ON THE COMPLEX INTERACTIONS BETWEEN DIET, MICROBIOME AND EPIGENETICS IN IBD. WHEREAS AN OVERABUNDANCE OF CALORIES AND SOME MACRONUTRIENTS INCREASE GUT INFLAMMATION, SEVERAL MICRONUTRIENTS HAVE THE POTENTIAL TO MODULATE IT. IMMUNONUTRITION HAS EMERGED AS A NEW CONCEPT PUTTING FORWARD THE IMPORTANCE OF VITAMINS SUCH AS VITAMINS A, C, E, AND D, FOLIC ACID, BETA CAROTENE AND TRACE ELEMENTS SUCH AS ZINC, SELENIUM, MANGANESE AND IRON. HOWEVER, WHEN ASSESSED IN CLINICAL TRIALS, SPECIFIC MICRONUTRIENTS EXERTED A LIMITED BENEFIT. BEYOND NUTRIENTS, AN ANTI-INFLAMMATORY DIETARY PATTERN AS A COMPLEX INTERVENTION APPROACH HAS BECOME POPULAR IN RECENT YEARS. HENCE, EXCLUSIVE ENTERAL NUTRITION IN PAEDIATRIC CROHN'S DISEASE IS THE ONLY NUTRITIONAL INTERVENTION CURRENTLY RECOMMENDED AS A FIRST-LINE THERAPY. OTHER NUTRITIONAL INTERVENTIONS OR SPECIFIC DIETS INCLUDING THE SPECIFIC CARBOHYDRATE DIET (SCD), THE LOW FERMENTABLE OLIGOSACCHARIDES, DISACCHARIDES, MONOSACCHARIDES, AND POLYOL (FODMAP) DIET AND, MOST RECENTLY, THE MEDITERRANEAN DIET HAVE SHOWN STRONG ANTI-INFLAMMATORY PROPERTIES AND SHOW PROMISE FOR IMPROVING DISEASE SYMPTOMS. MORE WORK IS REQUIRED TO EVALUATE THE ROLE OF INDIVIDUAL FOOD COMPOUNDS AND COMPLEX NUTRITIONAL INTERVENTIONS WITH THE POTENTIAL TO DECREASE INFLAMMATION AS A MEANS OF PREVENTION AND MANAGEMENT OF IBD.	2017	
                                                                                                                                                                                                         
10  4330  35 MICRORNAS: AN EPIGENETIC TOOL TO STUDY CELIAC DISEASE. THIS ARTICLE SUMMARIZES RECENT FINDINGS ON THE ROLE OF MICRORNAS (MIRNAS) IN BIOLOGICAL PROCESSES ASSOCIATED WITH THE REGULATION OF CHRONIC INFLAMMATION AND AUTOIMMUNITY. MIRNAS ARE SMALL NON-CODING RNA MOLECULES THAT HAVE BEEN RECENTLY EMERGED AS A NEW CLASS OF MODULATORS OF GENE EXPRESSION AT THE POST-TRANSCRIPTIONAL LEVEL. MIRNAS BIND TO COMPLEMENTARY SEQUENCES OF SPECIFIC TARGETS OF MESSENGERS RNA, WHICH CAN INTERFERE WITH PROTEIN SYNTHESIS. WE REVIEWED STUDIES THAT EVALUATED THE EXPRESSION PATTERNS OF MIRNAS IN DIFFERENT AUTOIMMUNE DISEASES, ESPECIALLY IN CELIAC DISEASE (CD). CD IS A CHRONIC ENTEROPATHY TRIGGERED BY GLUTEN PROTEINS, CHARACTERIZED BY ALTERED IMMUNE RESPONSES IN GENETICALLY SUSCEPTIBLE INDIVIDUALS THAT RESULTS IN DAMAGE TO THE BOWEL MUCOSA. CD HAS A HIGH PREVALENCE AND AN EFFECTIVE TREATMENT BY A SPECIFIC DIET ("GLUTEN FREE DIET"). GENETIC FACTORS CONFER SUSCEPTIBILITY BUT DO NOT EXPLAIN THE WHOLE DISEASE, SUGGESTING THAT ENVIRONMENTAL FACTORS DO PLAY A RELEVANT ROLE IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE CONDITION.THE EVALUATION OF THE POTENTIAL ROLE OF MIRNA IS OF PARTICULAR INTEREST IN CD GIVEN THAT THESE EPIGENETIC MECHANISMS IN THE PATHOGENESIS OF AUTOIMMUNE AND INFLAMMATORY DISEASES HAVE BEEN RECENTLY DESCRIBED. IMPROVING OUR UNDERSTANDING OF MIRNAS IN CD WILL CONTRIBUTE TO CLARIFY THE ROLE OF ALTERED EPIGENETIC REGULATION IN THE DEVELOPMENT AND COURSE OF THIS DISEASE.	2014	
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      
11   566  33 BASES FOR THE ADEQUATE DEVELOPMENT OF NUTRITIONAL RECOMMENDATIONS FOR PATIENTS WITH INFLAMMATORY BOWEL DISEASE. INFLAMMATORY BOWEL DISEASE (IBD) IS A CHRONIC AND RELAPSING INFLAMMATORY CONDITION OF THE GASTROINTESTINAL TRACT; IT IS A HETEROGENEOUS AND MULTIFACTORIAL DISORDER RESULTING FROM A COMPLEX INTERPLAY BETWEEN GENETIC VARIATION, INTESTINAL MICROBIOTA, THE HOST IMMUNE SYSTEM AND ENVIRONMENTAL FACTORS SUCH AS DIET, DRUGS, BREASTFEEDING AND SMOKING. THE INTERACTIONS BETWEEN DIETARY NUTRIENTS AND INTESTINAL IMMUNITY ARE COMPLEX. THERE IS A COMPELLING ARGUMENT FOR ENVIRONMENTAL FACTORS SUCH AS DIET PLAYING A ROLE IN THE CAUSE AND COURSE OF IBD, GIVEN THAT THREE IMPORTANT FACTORS IN THE PATHOGENESIS OF IBD CAN BE MODULATED AND CONTROLLED BY DIET: INTESTINAL MICROBIOTA, THE IMMUNE SYSTEM AND EPITHELIAL BARRIER FUNCTION. THE AIM OF THIS REVIEW IS TO SUMMARIZE THE EPIDEMIOLOGICAL FINDINGS REGARDING DIET AND TO FOCUS ON THE EFFECTS THAT NUTRIENTS EXERT ON THE INTESTINAL MUCOSA-MICROBIOTA-PERMEABILITY INTERACTION. THE NATURE OF THESE INTERACTIONS IN IBD IS INFLUENCED BY ALTERATIONS IN THE NUTRITIONAL METABOLISM OF THE GUT MICROBIOTA AND HOST CELLS THAT CAN INFLUENCE THE OUTCOME OF NUTRITIONAL INTERVENTION. A BETTER UNDERSTANDING OF DIET-HOST-MICROBIOTA INTERACTIONS IS ESSENTIAL FOR UNRAVELLING THE COMPLEX MOLECULAR BASIS OF EPIGENETIC, GENETIC AND ENVIRONMENTAL INTERACTIONS UNDERLYING IBD PATHOGENESIS AS WELL AS FOR OFFERING NEW THERAPEUTIC APPROACHES FOR THE TREATMENT OF IBD.	2019	
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                
12  2952  19 GENETIC AND EPIGENETIC ETIOLOGY OF INFLAMMATORY BOWEL DISEASE: AN UPDATE. INFLAMMATORY BOWEL DISEASE (IBD) IS A CHRONIC DISEASE WITH PERIODS OF EXACERBATION AND REMISSION OF THE DISEASE. THE ETIOLOGY OF IBD IS NOT FULLY UNDERSTOOD. MANY STUDIES POINT TO THE PRESENCE OF GENETIC, IMMUNOLOGICAL, ENVIRONMENTAL, AND MICROBIOLOGICAL FACTORS AND THE INTERACTIONS BETWEEN THEM IN THE OCCURRENCE OF IBD. THE REVIEW LOOKS AT GENETIC FACTORS IN THE CONTEXT OF BOTH IBD PREDISPOSITION AND PHARMACOGENETICS.	2022	
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                         
13  6872  43 [POLYPHENOLS AS PROMISING BIOACTIVE COMPOUNDS]. POLYPHENOLS ARE DIVERSE AND WIDESPREAD BIOACTIVE PLANT-BASED COMPOUNDS. THESE COMPOUNDS ARE FOUND IN VARIOUS FOODS SUCH AS BERRIES, FRUITS, VEGETABLES, CEREALS, NUTS, COFFEE, CACAO, SPICES, SEEDS. THEY ARE DIVIDED INTO PHENOLIC ACIDS, STILBENES, FLAVONOIDS, LIGNANS DEPENDING ON THEIR MOLECULAR STRUCTURE. THEY ATTRACT THE ATTENTION OF RESEARCHERS DUE TO WIDE RANGE OF BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS ON HUMAN BODY. THE PURPOSE OF THIS WORK WAS TO ANALYZE MODERN SCIENTIFIC PUBLICATIONS ON THE BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS OF POLYPHENOLS. MATERIAL AND METHODS. THE REVIEW IS BASED ON PUBLICATIONS PRESENTED IN THE PUBMED, GOOGLE SCHOLAR, RESEARCHGATE, ELSEVIER, ELIBRARY, CYBERLENINKA DATABASES USING "POLYPHENOLS", "FLAVONOIDS", "RESVERATROL", "QUERCETIN", "CATECHINS" AS KEY WORDS. PREFERENCE WAS GIVEN TO ORIGINAL RESEARCHES OVER THE PAST 10 YEARS PUBLISHED IN REFEREED JOURNALS. RESULTS. OXIDATIVE STRESS, CHRONIC INFLAMMATION, MICROBIOME DISORDERS, INSULIN RESISTANCE, EXCESSIVE PROTEIN GLYCATION, AND GENOTOXIC EFFECTS ARE AT THE HEART OF THE PATHOGENESIS OF MANY DISEASES, INCLUDING THOSE ASSOCIATED WITH AGE. A LARGE AMOUNT OF MATERIAL HAS BEEN ACCUMULATED ON THE ANTIOXIDANT, ANTICARCINOGENIC, EPIGENETIC, METABOLIC, GEROPROTECTIVE, ANTI-INFLAMMATORY AND ANTIVIRAL EFFECTS OF POLYPHENOLS. THIS GIVES REASONS TO CONSIDER POLYPHENOLS AS VERY PROMISING MICRONUTRIENTS, WHICH INCLUSION IN THE DIET CAN REDUCE THE RISK OF DEVELOPING CARDIOVASCULAR, ONCOLOGICAL, NEURODEGENERATIVE DISEASES, DIABETES MELLITUS, OBESITY, METABOLIC SYNDROME, PREMATURE AGING, THAT IS, THE MAIN CAUSES OF DEATH, A DECREASE IN THE DURATION AND QUALITY OF LIFE OF A MODERN PERSON. CONCLUSION. EXPANDING THE RANGE OF PRODUCTS ENRICHED WITH POLYPHENOLS WITH THEIR HIGH BIOAVAILABILITY IS A PROMISING AREA OF SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT OF PRODUCTION IN ORDER TO PREVENT SOCIALLY SIGNIFICANT AGE-ASSOCIATED DISEASES.	2023	
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                   
14  4995  35 PERINATAL ENVIRONMENT AND ITS INFLUENCES ON METABOLIC PROGRAMMING OF OFFSPRING. THE INTRAUTERINE ENVIRONMENT SUPPORTS THE DEVELOPMENT AND HEALTH OF OFFSPRING. PERTURBATIONS TO THIS ENVIRONMENT CAN HAVE DETRIMENTAL EFFECTS ON THE FETUS THAT HAVE PERSISTENT PATHOLOGICAL CONSEQUENCES THROUGH ADOLESCENCE AND ADULTHOOD. THE DEVELOPMENTAL ORIGINS OF THE HEALTH AND DISEASE CONCEPT, ALSO KNOWN AS THE "BARKER HYPOTHESIS", HAS BEEN PUT FORTH TO DESCRIBE THE INCREASED INCIDENCE OF CHRONIC DISEASE SUCH AS CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE AND DIABETES IN HUMANS AND ANIMALS EXPOSED TO A LESS THAN IDEAL INTRAUTERINE ENVIRONMENT. MATERNAL INFECTION, POOR OR EXCESS NUTRITION, AND STRESSFUL EVENTS CAN NEGATIVELY INFLUENCE THE DEVELOPMENT OF DIFFERENT CELL TYPES, TISSUES AND ORGAN SYSTEMS ULTIMATELY PREDISPOSING THE ORGANISM TO PATHOLOGICAL CONDITIONS. ALTHOUGH THERE ARE A VARIETY OF CONDITIONS ASSOCIATED TO EXPOSURE TO ALTERED INTRAUTERINE ENVIRONMENTS, THE FOCUS OF THIS REVIEW WILL BE ON THE CONSEQUENCES OF STRESS AND HIGH FAT DIET DURING THE PRE- AND PERINATAL PERIODS AND ASSOCIATED OUTCOMES RELATED TO OBESITY AND OTHER METABOLIC CONDITIONS. WE FURTHER DISCUSS POSSIBLE NEUROENDOCRINE AND EPIGENETIC MECHANISMS RESPONSIBLE FOR THE METABOLIC PROGRAMMING OF OFFSPRING. THE PAPER REPRESENTS AN INVITED REVIEW BY A SYMPOSIUM, AWARD WINNER OR KEYNOTE SPEAKER AT THE SOCIETY FOR THE STUDY OF INGESTIVE BEHAVIOR [SSIB] ANNUAL MEETING IN PORTLAND, JULY 2009.	2010	
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       
15  4274  30 MICROBIOTA IN INFLAMMATORY BOWEL DISEASE PATHOGENESIS AND THERAPY: IS IT ALL ABOUT DIET? INFLAMMATORY BOWEL DISEASE (IBD), INCLUDING ULCERATIVE COLITIS, CROHN'S DISEASE, AND UNCLASSIFIED IBD, CONTINUES TO CAUSE SIGNIFICANT MORBIDITY. WHILE ITS INCIDENCE IS INCREASING, NO CLEAR ETIOLOGY AND NO CURE HAVE YET BEEN DISCOVERED. RECENT FINDINGS SUGGEST THAT IBD MAY HAVE A MULTIFACTORIAL ETIOLOGY, WHERE COMPLEX INTERACTIONS BETWEEN GENETICS, EPIGENETICS, ENVIRONMENTAL FACTORS (INCLUDING DIET BUT ALSO INFECTIONS, ANTIBIOTICS, AND SANITATION), AND HOST IMMUNE SYSTEM LEAD TO ABNORMAL IMMUNE RESPONSES AND CHRONIC INFLAMMATION. OVER THE PAST YEARS, THE ROLE OF ALTERED GUT MICROBIOTA (IN BOTH COMPOSITION AND FUNCTION) IN IBD PATHOGENESIS HAS EMERGED AS AN OUTSTANDING AREA OF INTEREST. ACCORDING TO NEW FINDINGS, GUT DYSBIOSIS MAY APPEAR AS A KEY ELEMENT IN INITIATION OF INFLAMMATION IN IBD AND ITS COMPLICATIONS. MOREOVER, COMPLEX METAGENOMIC STUDIES PROVIDE POSSIBILITIES TO DISTINGUISH BETWEEN IBD TYPES AND APPRECIATE SEVERITY AND PROGNOSIS OF THE DISEASE, AS WELL AS RESPONSE TO THERAPY. THIS REVIEW PROVIDES AN UPDATED KNOWLEDGE OF RECENT FINDINGS LINKING ALTERED BACTERIAL COMPOSITION AND FUNCTIONS, VIRUSES, AND FUNGI TO IBD PATHOGENESIS. IT ALSO HIGHLIGHTS THE COMPLEX GENETIC, EPIGENETIC, IMMUNE, AND MICROBIAL INTERACTIONS IN RELATION TO ENVIRONMENTAL FACTORS (INCLUDING DIET). WE OVERVIEW THE ACTUAL OPTIONS TO MANIPULATE THE ALTERED MICROBIOTA, SUCH AS MODIFIED DIET, PROBIOTICS, PREBIOTICS, SYNBIOTICS, ANTIBIOTICS, AND FECAL TRANSPLANTATION. FUTURE POSSIBLE THERAPIES ARE ALSO INCLUDED. TARGETING ALTERED MICROBIOTA COULD BE THE NEXT THERAPEUTIC PERSONALIZED APPROACH, BUT MORE RESEARCH AND WELL-DESIGNED COMPARATIVE PROSPECTIVE STUDIES ARE REQUIRED TO FORMULATE ADEQUATE DIRECTIONS FOR PREVENTION AND THERAPY.	2015	
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          
16  1395  41 DIET AND MICROBIOME IN THE BEGINNING OF THE SEQUENCE OF GUT INFLAMMATION. INFLAMMATORY BOWEL DISEASE (IBD) IS A CHRONIC INFLAMMATORY CONDITION OF THE GASTROINTESTINAL TRACT DUE, AT LEAST PARTIALLY, TO AN ABERRANT AND EXCESSIVE MUCOSAL IMMUNE RESPONSE TO GUT BACTERIA IN GENETICALLY-PREDISPOSED INDIVIDUALS UNDER CERTAIN ENVIRONMENTAL FACTORS. THE INCIDENCE OF IBD IS RISING IN WESTERN AND NEWLY INDUSTRIALIZED COUNTRIES, PARALLELING THE INCREASE OF WESTERNIZED DIETARY PATTERNS, THROUGH NEW ANTIGENS, EPITHELIAL FUNCTION AND PERMEABILITY, EPIGENETIC MECHANISMS (E.G., DNA METHYLATION), AND ALTERATION OF THE GUT MICROBIOME. ALTERATION IN THE COMPOSITION AND FUNCTIONALITY OF THE GUT MICROBIOME (INCLUDING BACTERIA, VIRUSES AND FUNGI) SEEMS TO BE A NUCLEAR PATHOGENIC FACTOR. THE MICROBIOME ITSELF IS DYNAMIC, AND THE CHANGES IN FOOD QUALITY, DIETARY HABITS, LIVING CONDITIONS AND HYGIENE OF THESE WESTERN SOCIETIES, COULD INTERACT IN A COMPLEX MANNER AS MODULATORS OF DYSBIOSIS, THEREBY INFLUENCING THE ACTIVATION OF IMMUNE CELLS' PROMOTING INFLAMMATION. THE MICROBIOME PRODUCES DIVERSE SMALL MOLECULES VIA SEVERAL METABOLIC WAYS, WITH THE FIBER-DERIVED SHORT-CHAIN FATTY ACIDS (I.E., BUTYRATE) AS MAIN ELEMENTS AND HAVING ANTI-INFLAMMATORY EFFECTS. THESE METABOLITES AND SOME MICRONUTRIENTS OF THE DIET (I.E., VITAMINS, FOLIC ACID, BETA CAROTENE AND TRACE ELEMENTS) ARE REGULATORS OF INNATE AND ADAPTIVE INTESTINAL IMMUNE HOMEOSTASIS. AN EXCESSIVE AND UNHEALTHY CONSUMPTION OF SUGAR, ANIMAL FAT AND A LOW-VEGETABLE AND -FIBER DIET ARE RISK FACTORS FOR IBD APPEARANCE. FURTHERMORE, METABOLISM OF NUTRIENTS IN INTESTINAL EPITHELIUM AND IN GUT MICROBIOTA IS ALTERED BY INFLAMMATION, CHANGING THE DEMAND FOR NUTRIENTS NEEDED FOR HOMEOSTASIS. THIS ROLE OF FOOD AND A REDUCED GUT MICROBIAL DIVERSITY IN CAUSING IBD MIGHT ALSO HAVE A PROPHYLACTIC OR THERAPEUTIC ROLE FOR IBD. THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN DIETARY INTAKE, SYMPTOMS, AND BOWEL INFLAMMATION COULD LEAD TO DIETARY AND LIFESTYLE RECOMMENDATIONS, INCLUDING DIETS WITH ABUNDANT FRUITS, VEGETABLES, OLIVE OIL AND OILY FISH, WHICH HAVE ANTI-INFLAMMATORY EFFECTS AND COULD PREVENT DYSBIOSIS AND IBD. DIETARY MODULATION AND APPROPRIATE EXCLUSION DIETS MIGHT BE A NEW COMPLEMENTARY MANAGEMENT FOR TREATMENT AT DISEASE FLARES AND IN REFRACTORY PATIENTS, EVEN REDUCING COMPLICATIONS, HOSPITALIZATIONS AND SURGERY, THROUGH MODIFYING THE LUMINAL INTESTINAL ENVIRONMENT.	2021	

17  3585  33 IMPACT OF THE EXPOSOME ON THE EPIGENOME IN INFLAMMATORY BOWEL DISEASE PATIENTS AND ANIMAL MODELS. INFLAMMATORY BOWEL DISEASES (IBD) ARE CHRONIC INFLAMMATORY DISORDERS OF THE GASTROINTESTINAL TRACT THAT ENCOMPASS TWO MAIN PHENOTYPES, NAMELY CROHN'S DISEASE AND ULCERATIVE COLITIS. THESE CONDITIONS OCCUR IN GENETICALLY PREDISPOSED INDIVIDUALS IN RESPONSE TO ENVIRONMENTAL FACTORS. EPIGENETICS, ACTING BY DNA METHYLATION, POST-TRANSLATIONAL HISTONES MODIFICATIONS OR BY NON-CODING RNAS, COULD EXPLAIN HOW THE EXPOSOME (OR ALL ENVIRONMENTAL INFLUENCES OVER THE LIFE COURSE, FROM CONCEPTION TO DEATH) COULD INFLUENCE THE GENE EXPRESSION TO CONTRIBUTE TO INTESTINAL INFLAMMATION. WE PERFORMED A SCOPING SEARCH USING MEDLINE TO IDENTIFY ALL THE ELEMENTS OF THE EXPOSOME THAT MAY PLAY A ROLE IN INTESTINAL INFLAMMATION THROUGH EPIGENETIC MODIFICATIONS, AS WELL AS THE UNDERLYING MECHANISMS. THE ENVIRONMENTAL FACTORS EPIGENETICALLY INFLUENCING THE OCCURRENCE OF INTESTINAL INFLAMMATION ARE THE MATERNAL LIFESTYLE (MAINLY DIET, THE OCCURRENCE OF INFECTION DURING PREGNANCY AND SMOKING); BREASTFEEDING; MICROBIOTA; DIET (INCLUDING A LOW-FIBER DIET, HIGH-FAT DIET AND DEFICIENCY IN MICRONUTRIENTS); SMOKING HABITS, VITAMIN D AND DRUGS (E.G., IBD TREATMENTS, ANTIBIOTICS AND PROBIOTICS). INFLUENCED BY BOTH MICROBIOTA AND DIET, SHORT-CHAIN FATTY ACIDS ARE GUT MICROBIOTA-DERIVED METABOLITES RESULTING FROM THE ANAEROBIC FERMENTATION OF NON-DIGESTIBLE DIETARY FIBERS, PLAYING AN EPIGENETICALLY MEDIATED ROLE IN THE INTEGRITY OF THE EPITHELIAL BARRIER AND IN THE DEFENSE AGAINST INVADING MICROORGANISMS. ALTHOUGH THE IMPACT OF SOME ENVIRONMENTAL FACTORS HAS BEEN IDENTIFIED, THE EXPOSOME-INDUCED EPIMUTATIONS IN IBD REMAIN A LARGELY UNDEREXPLORED FIELD. HOW THESE ENVIRONMENTAL EXPOSURES INDUCE EPIGENETIC MODIFICATIONS (IN TERMS OF DURATION, FREQUENCY AND THE TIMING AT WHICH THEY OCCUR) AND HOW OTHER ENVIRONMENTAL FACTORS ASSOCIATED WITH IBD MODULATE EPIGENETICS DESERVE TO BE FURTHER INVESTIGATED.	2022	
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                     
18  1404  29 DIETARY COMPOSITION AND EFFECTS IN INFLAMMATORY BOWEL DISEASE. DRAMATIC CHANGES IN THE ENVIRONMENT AND HUMAN LIFESTYLE HAVE BEEN ASSOCIATED WITH THE RISE OF VARIOUS CHRONIC COMPLEX DISEASES, SUCH AS INFLAMMATORY BOWEL DISEASE (IBD). A DYSBIOTIC GUT MICROBIOTA HAS BEEN PROPOSED AS A CRUCIAL PATHOGENIC ELEMENT, CONTRIBUTING TO IMMUNE IMBALANCES AND FOSTERING A PROINFLAMMATORY MILIEU, WHICH MAY BE ASSOCIATED WITH DISEASE RELAPSES OR EVEN THE INITIATION OF IBD. IN ADDITION TO REPRESENTING IMPORTANT REGULATORS OF THE MUCOSAL IMMUNITY AND THE COMPOSITION OF THE GUT MICROBIOTA, FOOD COMPONENTS HAVE BEEN SHOWN TO BE POTENTIAL ENVIRONMENTAL TRIGGERS OF EPIGENETIC MODIFICATIONS. IN THE CONTEXT OF CHRONIC INTESTINAL INFLAMMATION, DIETARY HABITS AND SPECIFIC FOOD COMPONENTS HAVE BEEN IMPLICATED AS IMPORTANT MODULATORS OF EPIGENETIC MECHANISMS, INCLUDING DNA METHYLATION, WHICH MAY PREDISPOSE A PERSON TO THE INCREASED RISK OF THE INITIATION AND EVOLUTION OF IBD. THIS REVIEW PROVIDES NOVEL INSIGHTS ABOUT HOW DIETARY FACTORS MAY INTERACT WITH THE INTESTINAL MUCOSA AND MODULATE IMMUNE HOMEOSTASIS BY SHAPING THE INTESTINAL ECOSYSTEM, AS WELL AS THE POTENTIAL INFLUENCE OF DIET IN THE ETIOPATHOGENESIS AND MANAGEMENT OF IBD.	2019	
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  
19  6808  19 [EPIGENETICS IN ALLERGIC DISEASES AND ASTHMA]. ALLERGIC DISEASES AND ASTHMA ARE THE RESULT OF COMPLEX INTERACTIONS BETWEEN GENETIC PREDISPOSITION AND ENVIRONMENTAL FACTORS. ASTHMA IS ONE OF THE MOST PREVALENT CHRONIC DISEASE AMONG CHILDREN. IN THIS ARTICLE WE REVIEW SOME ENVIRONMENTAL FACTORS LIKE: ALLERGEN EXPOSITION, TOBACCO, BACTERIA, MICROBIAL COMPONENTS, DIET, OBESITY AND STRESS, WHICH INFLUENCES DURING INTRAUTERINE AND INFANCY LIFE IN THE EPIGENETIC REGULATION OF ASTHMA AND ALLERGIC DISEASES. THE REVIEW HAS BEEN DONE IN THREE MODELS: IN-VITRO, ANIMAL AND HUMAN.	2016	
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            
20  4067  25 MATERNAL AND PEDIATRIC HEALTH AND DISEASE: INTEGRATING BIOPSYCHOSOCIAL MODELS AND EPIGENETICS. THE CONCEPTS OF ALLOSTASIS (STABILITY THROUGH ADAPTATION) AND ACCUMULATED LIFE STRESS (MCEWEN'S ALLOSTATIC LOAD) AIM TO UNDERSTAND CHILDHOOD AND ADULT OUTCOMES. CHRONIC MALNUTRITION, CHANGES IN SOCIAL CONDITION, AND ADVERSE EARLY-LIFE EXPERIENCES MAY PROGRAM PHENOTYPES AND CONTRIBUTE TO LONG-LASTING DISEASE RISK. HOWEVER, INTEGRATION OF LIFE COURSE APPROACHES, SOCIAL AND ECONOMIC CONTEXTS, AND COMPARISON AMONG DIFFERENT BIOPSYCHOSOCIAL MODELS HAS NOT GENERALLY BEEN EXPLORED. THIS REVIEW CRITICALLY EXAMINES THE LITERATURE AND EVALUATES RECENT INSIGHTS INTO HOW ENVIRONMENTAL STRESS CAN ALTER LIFELONG HYPOTHALAMIC-PITUITARY-ADRENAL AXIS AND IMMUNE SYSTEM RESPONSIVENESS AND INDUCE METABOLIC AND NEURODEVELOPMENTAL MALADAPTATION. MODELS OF BIOPSYCHOSOCIAL STRESS OVERLAP BUT MAY CONSIDER DIFFERENT CONDITIONS. CONCEPTS INCLUDE ALLOSTASIS, WHICH INCORPORATES HORMONAL RESPONSES TO PREDICTABLE ENVIRONMENTAL CHANGES, AND GERONIMUS'S "WEATHERING," WHICH AIMS TO EXPLAIN HOW SOCIALLY STRUCTURED, REPEATED STRESS CAN ACCUMULATE AND INCREASE DISEASE VULNERABILITY. WEATHERING EMPHASIZES ROLES OF INTERNALIZED/INTERPERSONAL RACISM IN OUTCOMES DISPARITIES. FOR MEXICAN IMMIGRANTS AND MEXICAN AMERICANS, THE "ACCULTURATION" FRAMEWORK HAS PROVEN ESPECIALLY USEFUL TO EXPLORE DISPARITIES, INCLUDING PRETERM BIRTH AND NEUROPSYCHIATRIC RISKS IN CHILDHOOD. COMPLEXITIES OF STRESS ASSESSMENTS AND RECENT RESEARCH INTO EPIGENETIC MECHANISMS MEDIATING EFFECTS OF PHYSICAL, NUTRITIONAL, PSYCHOLOGICAL, AND SOCIAL STRESS ARE REVIEWED.	2016