1  5448 164 REPRESSION OF HDAC5 BY ACETATE RESTORES HYPOTHALAMIC-PITUITARY-OVARIAN FUNCTION IN TYPE 2 DIABETES MELLITUS. TYPE 2 DIABETES MELLITUS (T2DM) ACCOUNTS FOR 90-95 % OF WORLDWIDE DIABETES CASES AND IS PRIMARILY CHARACTERIZED BY INSULIN RESISTANCE. ITS PROGRESSION AS A CHRONIC METABOLIC DISEASE HAS BEEN LARGELY ASSOCIATED WITH FEMALE REPRODUCTIVE ABNORMALITIES, INCLUDING OVARIAN DYSFUNCTION WITH CONSEQUENT INFERTILITY. EPIGENETIC MODIFICATIONS HAVE BEEN SUGGESTED AS A POSSIBLE LINK TO METABOLIC COMORBIDITIES. WE THEREFORE HYPOTHESIZED THAT SHORT CHAIN FATTY ACIDS, ACETATE (ACA), A POTENTIAL HISTONE DEACETYLASE INHIBITOR (HDAC) AMELIORATES HYPOTHALAMIC-PITUITARY-OVARIAN (HPO) DYSFUNCTION IN T2DM. FEMALE WISTAR RATS WEIGHING 160-190 G WERE ALLOTTED INTO THREE GROUPS (N = 6/GROUP): CONTROL (VEHICLE; PO), T2D AND T2D + ACA (200 MG/KG; PO). T2DM WAS INDUCED BY FRUCTOSE ADMINISTRATION (10 %; W/V) FOR 6 WEEKS AND SINGLE DOSE OF STREPTOZOTOCIN (35 MG/KG; IP). THE PRESENT DATA SHOWED THAT IN ADDITION TO INSULIN RESISTANCE, INCREASED FASTING BLOOD GLUCOSE AND INSULIN, T2DM INDUCED ELEVATED PLASMA, HYPOTHALAMIC AND OVARIAN TRIGLYCERIDE, LIPID PEROXIDATION, TNF-ALPHA AND GLUTATHIONE DEPLETION. ASIDE, T2DM ALSO LED TO INCREASED PLASMA LACTATE PRODUCTION AND GAMMA-GLUTAMYL TRANSFERASE AS WELL AS DECREASED GONADOTROPINS/17BETA-ESTRADIOL. HISTOLOGICALLY, HYPOTHALAMUS, PITUITARY AND OVARIES REVEALED DISRUPTED NEURONAL CELLS/MODERATE HEMORRHAGE, ALTERED MORPHOLOGY/VASCULAR CONGESTIONS, AND DEGENERATED ANTRAL FOLLICLE/GRAAFIAN FOLLICLE WITH MILD FIBROSIS AND INFILTRATED INFLAMMATORY CELLS RESPECTIVELY IN T2D ANIMALS. INTERESTINGLY, THESE ALTERATIONS WERE ACCOMPANIED BY ELEVATED PLASMA/HYPOTHALAMIC HDAC5 AND ATTENUATED WHEN TREATED WITH ACETATE. THE PRESENT RESULTS DEMONSTRATE THAT T2DM INDUCES HPO DYSFUNCTION, WHICH IS ACCOMPANIED BY ELEVATED CIRCULATING/HYPOTHALAMIC HDAC5. THE RESULTS IN ADDITION SUGGEST THAT ACETATE RESTORES HPO FUNCTION IN T2DM BY SUPPRESSION OF HDAC5 AND ENHANCEMENT OF INSULIN SENSITIVITY.	2021	
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  
2   899  23 CHRONIC EXPOSURE TO A LOW CONCENTRATION OF BISPHENOL A DURING FOLLICLE CULTURE AFFECTS THE EPIGENETIC STATUS OF GERMINAL VESICLES AND METAPHASE II OOCYTES. OBJECTIVE: TO DETERMINE WHETHER EXPOSURE TO LOW CONCENTRATIONS OF THE ENDOCRINE DISRUPTING CHEMICAL BISPHENOL A (BPA) DURING FOLLICLE CULTURE AND OOCYTE GROWTH ALTERS THE METHYLATION STATUS OF DIFFERENTIALLY METHYLATED REGIONS (DMRS) OF IMPRINTED GENES AND HISTONE POSTTRANSLATIONAL MODIFICATION PATTERNS IN MAMMALIAN OOCYTES. DESIGN: COMPARATIVE AND CONTROL STUDY. SETTING: EXPERIMENTAL LABORATORY. ANIMAL(S): C57/BL6JXCBA/CA MICE. INTERVENTION(S): EXPOSURE OF OOCYTES TO 3 NM OR 300 NM BPA DURING FOLLICLE CULTURE FROM PREANTRAL TO ANTRAL STAGE. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S): METHYLATION STATUS OF DMRS OF MATERNALLY IMPRINTED (SNRPN, IGF2R, AND MEST) AND PATERNALLY IMPRINTED GENE(S) (H19) IN MOUSE GERMINAL VESICLE OOCYTES; TRIMETHYLATION OF HISTONE H3K9, ACETYLATION OF HISTONE H4K12, AND DISTANCE BETWEEN CENTROMERES OF SISTER CHROMATIDS IN METAPHASE II OOCYTES. RESULT(S): EXPOSURE TO 3 NM BPA WAS ASSOCIATED WITH SLIGHTLY ACCELERATED FOLLICLE DEVELOPMENT, STATISTICALLY SIGNIFICANT INCREASES IN ALLELE METHYLATION ERRORS IN DMRS OF MATERNALLY IMPRINTED GENES, AND STATISTICALLY SIGNIFICANT DECREASES IN HISTONE H3K9 TRIMETHYLATION AND INTERKINETOCHORE DISTANCE. CONCLUSION(S): THE DISTURBANCES IN OOCYTE GENOMIC IMPRINTING AND MODIFICATION OF POSTTRANSLATIONAL HISTONE AND CENTROMERE ARCHITECTURE PROVIDE THE FIRST LINK BETWEEN LOW BPA EXPOSURES AND INDUCTION OF EPIGENETIC CHANGES THAT MAY CONTRIBUTE TO CHROMOSOME CONGRESSION FAILURES AND MEIOTIC ERRORS, AND TO ALTERED GENE EXPRESSION THAT MIGHT AFFECT HEALTH OF THE OFFSPRING.	2013	
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              
3  6579  22 TREFOIL FACTORS AND HUMAN GASTRIC CANCER (REVIEW). TFF1/PS2, TFF2/SP AND TFF3/ITF ARE SOLUBLE PEPTIDES WITH TREFOIL DOMAIN(S) AND C-TERMINAL DIMERIZATION DOMAIN, WHICH ARE CONSERVED AMONG HUMAN, COW, MOUSE AND RAT. TFF1 MRNA IS EXPRESSED IN STOMACH (MUCOUS CELLS IN FUNDUS AND ANTRUM), TFF2 MRNA IN STOMACH (MUCOUS NECK CELLS IN FUNDUS AND BASAL CELLS IN ANTRAL AND PYLORIC GLANDS) AND DUODENUM (BRUNNER'S GLAND), TFF3 MRNA IN SMALL INTESTINE AND LARGE INTESTINE (GOBLET CELLS). EXPRESSION OF TFF1, TFF2 AND TFF3 MRNAS ARE DIFFERENTIALLY REGULATED BY FGF2/BFGF, FGF7/KGF, ESTROGEN, ASPIRIN, ARACHIDONIC ACID, X-RAY IRRADIATION, AND HYDROGEN PEROXIDE. GASTRIC CANCER IS CLASSIFIED INTO THE INTESTINAL TYPE AND THE DIFFUSE TYPE. TFF MRNAS ARE PREFERENTIALLY EXPRESSED IN DIFFUSE-TYPE GASTRIC CANCER CELLS. CUSTOM-MADE MICROARRAY (TFF MRNAS) AND ELISA (TFF PROTEINS) MIGHT BE APPLICABLE FOR SCREENING METHODS OF PERITONEAL AND BONE MARROW DISSEMINATION FROM DIFFUSE-TYPE GASTRIC CANCER. TFF1 AND TFF2 MRNAS ARE FREQUENTLY DOWN-REGULATED IN INTESTINAL-TYPE GASTRIC CANCER. TFF1 GENE, INACTIVATED BY DELETION, MISSENSE MUTATION AND PROMOTER HYPERMETHYLATION, IS A TUMOR SUPPRESSOR GENE IMPLICATED IN GASTRIC CANCER. TFF2 IS A CANDIDATE TUMOR SUPPRESSOR GENE; HOWEVER, GENETIC AND EPIGENETIC ALTERATIONS OF TFF2 GENE IN HUMAN GASTRIC CANCER REMAIN UNCLEAR. TFF1, TFF2 AND TFF3 PLAY KEY ROLES IN MUCOSAL PROTECTION THROUGH MUCOUS-BARRIER FORMATION, AND ALSO IN MUCOSAL REPAIR THROUGH PROMOTION OF RESTITUTION AFTER INJURY. PATIENTS WITH CHRONIC ATROPHIC GASTRITIS AND THOSE WITH ULCERATIVE COLITIS ARE AT RISK OF GASTRIC CANCER AND COLORECTAL CANCER, RESPECTIVELY. TFF1, TFF2 AND TFF3 PROTEINS MIGHT BE APPLICABLE FOR CHEMOPREVENTION OF GASTROINTESTINAL CANCER ASSOCIATED WITH CHRONIC PERSISTENT INFLAMMATION.	2003	
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                             
4  1798  29 EFFECT OF HELICOBACTER PYLORI INFECTION ON GATA-5 AND TFF1 REGULATION, COMPARISON BETWEEN PEDIATRIC AND ADULT PATIENTS. BACKGROUND: GATA FACTORS, WHICH CONSTITUTE A FAMILY OF TRANSCRIPTION REGULATORY PROTEINS, PARTICIPATE IN GASTROINTESTINAL DEVELOPMENT. TREFOIL FACTOR 1 (TFF1) PLAYS A CRUCIAL ROLE IN MUCOSAL DEFENSE AND HEALING, AND EVIDENCE SUGGESTS THAT GATA-5 MEDIATED ITS REGULATION. GASTRIC CANCER IS A MULTIPLE-STEP PROCESS TRIGGERED BY HELICOBACTER PYLORI AND IS CHARACTERIZED BY ACCUMULATION OF MOLECULAR AND EPIGENETIC ALTERATION. THE AIM OF THIS STUDY WAS TO EVALUATE THE EFFECT OF H. PYLORI INFECTION ON THE REGULATION OF GATA-5 AND TFF1 IN VITRO AND IN VIVO. RESULTS: INFECTED CELLS EXHIBITED UPREGULATION OF GATA-5 AND TFF1 AFTER 48 H. AN INCREASE IN GATA-5 AND TFF1 MRNA LEVELS WAS ALSO FOUND IN MICE SAMPLES AFTER 6 AND 12 MONTHS OF INFECTION, RESPECTIVELY. IN HUMAN SAMPLES, WE FOUND AN ASSOCIATION BETWEEN H. PYLORI INFECTION AND GATA-5 UPREGULATION. IN FACT, AMONG H. PYLORI-INFECTED PATIENTS, HYPERMETHYLATION WAS OBSERVED IN 45.5% OF PEDIATRIC SAMPLES, IN 62.6% OF CHRONIC GASTRITIS SAMPLES, AND IN 63% OF GASTRIC CANCER SAMPLES. REGARDING TFF1, THE EXPRESSION LEVELS WERE SIMILAR IN PEDIATRICS AND ADULTS PATIENTS, AND WERE INDEPENDENT OF H. PYLORI INFECTION, AND THE EXPRESSION OF THESE FACTORS WAS DOWNREGULATED IN GASTRIC CANCER SAMPLES. GATA-5 PROMOTER METHYLATION WAS ASSOCIATED WITH A DECREASE IN TFF1 MRNA LEVELS. CONCLUSIONS: OUR RESULTS SUGGEST THAT THE UPREGULATION OF GATA-5 AND TFF1 OBSERVED IN VITRO AND IN VIVO MAY BE CORRELATED WITH A PROTECTIVE EFFECT OF THE MUCOSA IN RESPONSE TO INFECTION. THE EPIGENETIC INACTIVATION OF GATA-5 OBSERVED IN HUMAN BIOPSIES FROM INFECTED PATIENTS MAY SUGGEST THAT THIS ALTERATION IS AN EARLY EVENT OCCURRING IN ASSOCIATION WITH H. PYLORI INFECTION.	2018	
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          
5  6871  17 [PATHOGENETIC IMPORTANCE OF HELICOBACTER PYLORI INFECTION]. H. PYLORI ARE ETIOLOGICAL FACTOR OF HUMAN ACUTE AND CHRONIC GASTRITIS. DEPENDING ON PATHOGENIC FACTORS OF MICROORGANISM AND POLYMORPHISM OF HUMAN GENES, CHRONIC GASTRITIS CAN BE A CAUSE FOR ULCERATIVE ENTERITIS OF THE DUODENUM OR STOMACH, GASTRIC ADENOCARCINOMA AND MALT-LYMPHOMA DEVELOPMENT. WE REVEALED GENETIC FEATURES OF BACTERIA, DETERMINED THE INTENSITY OF INFLAMMATION, SUCH AS PATHOGENIC FACTORS--CAG, PLASTIC REGION OF THE GENOME AND ADHESIN CODING GENES. EPIGENETIC CHANGES, FOR EXAMPLE THE METHYLATION OF E-CADHERIN GENE ASSOCIATED WITH H PYLORI, ARE CRUCIAL FOR CARCINOGENESIS. THEREBY, PREDISPOSITION OF CHRONIC GASTRITIS ASSOCIATED WITH H. PYLORI TO ULCERATIVE ENTERITIS OF THE DUODENUM, ULCERATIVE STOMACH DISEASE OR GASTRIC ADENOCARCINOMA DEPENDS ON TOPOGRAPHY, THE INTENSITY OF INFLAMMATION AND CHANGES OF ACID PRODUCTION IN THE STOMACH.	2012	
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                     
6  3227  38 HELICOBACTER PYLORI INFECTION-INDUCED H3SER10 PHOSPHORYLATION IN STEPWISE GASTRIC CARCINOGENESIS AND ITS CLINICAL IMPLICATIONS. BACKGROUND: OUR PREVIOUS WORKS HAVE DEMONSTRATED THAT HELICOBACTER PYLORI (HP) INFECTION CAN ALTER HISTONE H3 SERINE 10 PHOSPHORYLATION STATUS IN GASTRIC EPITHELIAL CELLS. HOWEVER, WHETHER HELICOBACTER PYLORI-INDUCED HISTONE H3 SERINE 10 PHOSPHORYLATION PARTICIPATES IN GASTRIC CARCINOGENESIS IS UNKNOWN. WE INVESTIGATE THE EXPRESSION OF HISTONE H3 SERINE 10 PHOSPHORYLATION IN VARIOUS STAGES OF GASTRIC DISEASE AND EXPLORE ITS CLINICAL IMPLICATION. MATERIALS AND METHODS: STOMACH BIOPSY SAMPLES FROM 129 PATIENTS WERE COLLECTED AND STAINED WITH HISTONE H3 SERINE 10 PHOSPHORYLATION, KI67, AND HELICOBACTER PYLORI BY IMMUNOHISTOCHEMISTRY STAINING, EXPRESSED AS LABELING INDEX. THEY WERE CATEGORIZED INTO NONATROPHIC GASTRITIS, CHRONIC ATROPHIC GASTRITIS, INTESTINAL METAPLASIA, LOW-GRADE INTRAEPITHELIAL NEOPLASIA, HIGH-GRADE INTRAEPITHELIAL NEOPLASIA, AND INTESTINAL-TYPE GASTRIC CANCER GROUPS. HELICOBACTER PYLORI INFECTION WAS DETERMINED BY EITHER (13) C-UREA BREATH TEST OR IMMUNOHISTOCHEMISTRY STAINING. RESULTS: IN HELICOBACTER PYLORI-NEGATIVE PATIENTS, LABELING INDEX OF HISTONE H3 SERINE 10 PHOSPHORYLATION WAS GRADUALLY INCREASED IN NONATROPHIC GASTRITIS, CHRONIC ATROPHIC GASTRITIS, INTESTINAL METAPLASIA GROUPS, PEAKED AT LOW-GRADE INTRAEPITHELIAL NEOPLASIA, AND DECLINED IN HIGH-GRADE INTRAEPITHELIAL NEOPLASIA AND GASTRIC CANCER GROUPS. IN HELICOBACTER PYLORI-INFECTED PATIENTS, LABELING INDEX OF HISTONE H3 SERINE 10 PHOSPHORYLATION FOLLOWED THE SIMILAR PATTERN AS ABOVE, WITH INCREASED EXPRESSION OVER THE CORRESPONDING HELICOBACTER PYLORI-NEGATIVE CONTROLS EXCEPT IN NONATROPHIC GASTRITIS PATIENT WHOSE LABELING INDEX WAS DECREASED WHEN COMPARED WITH HELICOBACTER PYLORI-NEGATIVE CONTROL. LABELING INDEX OF KI67 IN HELICOBACTER PYLORI-NEGATIVE GROUPS WAS HIGHER IN GASTRIC CANCER THAN CHRONIC ATROPHIC GASTRITIS AND LOW-GRADE INTRAEPITHELIAL NEOPLASIA GROUPS, AND HIGHER IN INTESTINAL METAPLASIA GROUP COMPARED WITH CHRONIC ATROPHIC GASTRITIS GROUP. IN HELICOBACTER PYLORI-POSITIVE GROUPS, KI67 LABELING INDEX WAS INCREASED STEPWISE FROM NONATROPHIC GASTRITIS TO GASTRIC CANCER EXCEPT SLIGHTLY DECREASE IN CHRONIC ATROPHIC GASTRITIS GROUP. IN ADDITION, WE NOTED THAT HISTONE H3 SERINE 10 PHOSPHORYLATION STAINING IS ACCOMPANIED WITH ITS LOCATION CHANGES FROM GASTRIC GLAND BOTTOM EXPANDED TO WHOLE GLAND AS DISEASE STAGE PROGRESS. CONCLUSIONS: THESE RESULTS INDICATE THAT STEPWISE GASTRIC CARCINOGENESIS IS ASSOCIATED WITH ALTERED HISTONE H3 SERINE 10 PHOSPHORYLATION, HELICOBACTER PYLORI INFECTION ENHANCES HISTONE H3 SERINE 10 PHOSPHORYLATION EXPRESSION IN THESE PROCESSES; IT IS ALSO ACCOMPANIED WITH HISTONE H3 SERINE 10 PHOSPHORYLATION LOCATION CHANGE FROM GLAND BOTTOM STAINING EXPAND TO WHOLE GLAND EXPRESSION. THE RESULTS SUGGEST THAT EPIGENETIC DYSREGULATION MAY PLAY IMPORTANT ROLES IN HELICOBACTER PYLORI-INDUCED GASTRIC CANCER.	2018	

7  6085  38 THE EFFECTS OF ACARBOSE ON CHEMOKINE AND CYTOKINE PRODUCTION IN HUMAN MONOCYTIC THP-1 CELLS. BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: CHRONIC INFLAMMATION INDUCED BY PROINFLAMMATORY CYTOKINES AND CHEMOKINES IS POSTULATED TO BE INVOLVED IN INSULIN RESISTANCE AND BETA-CELL DYSFUNCTION IN TYPE 2 DIABETES MELLITUS (T2DM). ACARBOSE, THE ALPHA-GLUCOSIDASE INHIBITOR, IS AN ORAL ANTIDIABETIC DRUG FOR T2DM. ACARBOSE SUPPRESSES INFLAMMATORY CYTOKINE PRODUCTION IN PATIENTS WITH T2DM, THOUGH THE UNDERLYING MECHANISMS ARE UNCLEAR. IN THE PRESENT STUDY, WE AIMED TO INVESTIGATE THE ANTI-INFLAMMATORY EFFECTS AND THE EXACT MECHANISMS OF ACARBOSE IN HUMAN MONOCYTIC THP-1 CELLS. METHODS: THP-1 CELLS WERE PRETREATED WITH ACARBOSE AND THEN STIMULATED WITH LIPOPOLYSACCHARIDE (LPS). THE LEVELS OF TH1-RELATED CHEMOKINES, INCLUDING INTERFERON-GAMMA-INDUCIBLE PROTEIN-10 (IP-10), MONOCYTE CHEMOATTRACTANT PROTEIN-1 (MCP-1), TH2-RELATED CHEMOKINE MACROPHAGE-DERIVED CHEMOKINE (MDC), AND PROINFLAMMATORY CYTOKINE TUMOR NECROSIS FACTOR-ALPHA (TNF-ALPHA), WERE DETERMINED BY ENZYME-LINKED IMMUNOSORBENT ASSAY. INTRACELLULAR SIGNALING PATHWAYS WERE EXPLORED BY WESTERN BLOT ANALYSIS AND USING A CHROMATIN IMMUNOPRECIPITATION ASSAY. RESULTS: ACARBOSE SUPPRESSED THE LEVELS OF IP-10, MCP-1, MDC, AND TNF-ALPHA AND DOWNREGULATED PHOSPHORYLATION OF P38, C-JUN N-TERMINAL KINASE (JNK), EXTRACELLULAR SIGNAL-REGULATED KINASE (ERK), AND NUCLEAR FACTOR-KAPPA B-P65 (NF-KAPPAB-P65) IN LPS-STIMULATED THP-1 CELLS. ACARBOSE SUPPRESSED LPS-INDUCED ACETYLATION OF HISTONES H3 (H3) AND H4 IN THE IP-10 AND MCP-1 PROMOTER REGIONS. THESE FINDINGS REVEALED THE SUPPRESSIVE EFFECTS OF ACARBOSE ON IP-10, MCP-1, MDC, AND TNF-ALPHA PRODUCTION IN THP-1 CELLS VIA, AT LEAST PARTIALLY, THE P38, JNK, ERK, AND NF-KAPPAB-P65 PATHWAYS, AS WELL AS THROUGH EPIGENETIC REGULATION VIA HISTONE H3 AND H4 ACETYLATION. CONCLUSION: OUR STUDY POINTS TO THE THERAPEUTIC ANTI-INFLAMMATORY POTENTIAL OF ACARBOSE.	2019	
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  
8  2391  33 EPIGENETIC REPRESSION OF DNA MISMATCH REPAIR BY INFLAMMATION AND HYPOXIA IN INFLAMMATORY BOWEL DISEASE-ASSOCIATED COLORECTAL CANCER. SPORADIC HUMAN MISMATCH REPAIR (MMR)-DEFICIENT COLORECTAL CANCERS ACCOUNT FOR APPROXIMATELY 12.5% OF ALL CASES OF COLORECTAL CANCER. MMR-DEFICIENT COLORECTAL CANCERS ARE CLASSICALLY CHARACTERIZED BY RIGHT-SIDED LOCATION, MULTIFOCALITY, MUCINOUS HISTOLOGY, AND LYMPHOCYTIC INFILTRATION. HOWEVER, TUMORS IN GERM-LINE MMR-DEFICIENT MOUSE MODELS LACK THESE HISTOPATHOLOGIC FEATURES. MICE LACKING THE HETEROTRIMERIC G PROTEIN ALPHA SUBUNIT GIALPHA2 DEVELOP CHRONIC COLITIS AND MULTIFOCAL, RIGHT-SIDED CANCERS WITH MUCINOUS HISTOPATHOLOGY, SIMILAR TO HUMAN MMR-DEFICIENT COLORECTAL CANCER. YOUNG GIALPHA2-/- COLONIC EPITHELIUM HAS NORMAL MMR EXPRESSION BUT SELECTIVELY LOSES MLH1 AND CONSEQUENTLY PMS2 EXPRESSION FOLLOWING INFLAMMATION. GIALPHA2-/- CANCERS HAVE MICROSATELLITE INSTABILITY. MLH1 IS EPIGENETICALLY SILENCED NOT BY PROMOTER HYPERMETHYLATION BUT BY DECREASED HISTONE ACETYLATION. CHRONICALLY INFLAMED GIALPHA2-/- COLONIC MUCOSA CONTAINS PATCHY HYPOXIA, WITH INCREASED CRYPT EXPRESSION OF THE HYPOXIA MARKERS DEC-1 AND BNIP3. CHROMATIN IMMUNOPRECIPITATION IDENTIFIED INCREASED BINDING OF THE TRANSCRIPTIONAL REPRESSOR DEC-1 TO THE PROXIMAL MLH1 PROMOTER IN HYPOXIC YAMC CELLS AND COLITIC GIALPHA2-/- CRYPTS. TREATING GIALPHA2-/- MICE WITH THE HISTONE DEACETYLASE INHIBITOR SUBEROYLANILIDE HYDROXAMIC ACID SIGNIFICANTLY DECREASED COLITIS ACTIVITY AND RESCUED MLH1 EXPRESSION IN CRYPT EPITHELIAL CELLS, WHICH WAS ASSOCIATED WITH INCREASED ACETYL HISTONE H3 LEVELS AND DECREASED DEC-1 BINDING AT THE PROXIMAL MLH1 PROMOTER, CONSISTENT WITH A HISTONE DEACETYLASE-DEPENDENT MECHANISM. THESE DATA LINK CHRONIC HYPOXIC INFLAMMATION, EPIGENETIC MMR PROTEIN DOWN-REGULATION, DEVELOPMENT OF MMR-DEFICIENT COLORECTAL CANCER, AND THE FIRSTMOUSE MODEL OF SOMATICALLY ACQUIRED MMR-DEFICIENT COLORECTAL CANCER.	2009	
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                         
9  3456  40 HYPOMETHYLATION OF IL1RN AND NFKB1 GENES IS LINKED TO THE DYSBALANCE IN IL1BETA/IL-1RA AXIS IN FEMALE PATIENTS WITH TYPE 2 DIABETES MELLITUS. INFLAMMATION HAS RECEIVED CONSIDERABLE ATTENTION IN THE PATHOGENESIS OF TYPE 2 DIABETES MELLITUS (T2DM). SUPPORTING THIS CONCEPT, ENHANCED EXPRESSION OF INTERLEUKIN (IL)-1BETA AND INCREASED INFILTRATION OF MACROPHAGES ARE OBSERVED IN PANCREATIC ISLETS OF PATIENTS WITH T2DM. ALTHOUGH IL-1 RECEPTOR ANTAGONIST (IL-1RA) PLAYS A MAJOR ROLE IN CONTROLLING OF IL-1BETA-MEDIATED INFLAMMATION, ITS COUNTERACTION EFFECTS AND EPIGENETIC ALTERATIONS IN T2DM ARE LESS STUDIED. THUS, WE AIMED TO ANALYZE THE DNA METHYLATION STATUS IN IL1RN, RELA (P65) AND NFKB1 (P50) GENES IN PERIPHERAL BLOOD MONONUCLEAR CELLS (PBMCS) FROM TREATED T2DM PATIENTS (N = 35) AND AGE-/SEX- MATCHED HEALTHY CONTROLS (N = 31). PRODUCTION OF IL-1BETA AND IL-1RA WAS ANALYZED IN PLASMA AND SUPERNATANTS FROM LPS-INDUCED PBMCS. IMMUNOMODULATORY EFFECTS OF IL-1BETA AND IL-1RA WERE STUDIED ON THP-1 CELLS. AVERAGE DNA METHYLATION LEVEL OF IL1RN AND NFKB1 GENE PROMOTERS WAS SIGNIFICANTLY DECREASED IN T2DM PATIENTS IN COMPARISON WITH HEALTHY CONTROLS (P< 0.05), WHICH WAS ASSOCIATED WITH THE INCREASED IL-1RA (P< 0.001) AND IL-1BETA (P = 0.039) PLASMA LEVELS IN T2DM PATIENTS. NEGATIVE ASSOCIATION BETWEEN AVERAGE METHYLATION OF IL1RN GENE AND IL-1RA PLASMA LEVELS WERE OBSERVED IN FEMALE T2DM PATIENTS. METHYLATION OF NFKB1 GENE WAS NEGATIVELY CORRELATED WITH IL-1RA LEVELS IN THE PATIENTS AND POSITIVELY WITH IL-1BETA LEVELS IN FEMALE PATIENTS. LPS-STIMULATED PBMCS FROM FEMALE PATIENTS FAILED TO RAISE IL-1BETA PRODUCTION, WHILE THE CELLS FROM HEALTHY FEMALES INCREASED IL-1BETA PRODUCTION IN COMPARISON WITH UNSTIMULATED CELLS (P< 0.001). TAKEN TOGETHER, THE FINDINGS SUGGEST THAT HYPOMETHYLATION OF IL1RN AND NFKB1 GENE PROMOTERS MAY PROMOTE THE INCREASED IL-1BETA/IL-1RA PRODUCTION AND REGULATE CHRONIC INFLAMMATION IN T2DM. FURTHER STUDIES ARE NECESSARY TO ELUCIDATE THE CAUSAL DIRECTION OF THESE ASSOCIATIONS AND POTENTIAL ROLE OF IL-1RA IN ANTI-INFLAMMATORY PROCESSES IN TREATED PATIENTS WITH T2DM.	2020	
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        
10  1830  21 EFFECTS OF LONG-TERM ASPIRIN USE ON MOLECULAR ALTERATIONS IN PRECANCEROUS GASTRIC MUCOSA IN PATIENTS WITH AND WITHOUT GASTRIC CANCER. THE RISK OF GASTRIC CANCER (GC) REMAINS EVEN AFTER H. PYLORI ERADICATION; THUS, OTHER COMBINATION TREATMENTS, SUCH AS CHEMOPREVENTIVE DRUGS, ARE NEEDED. WE EVALUATED THE EFFECTS OF ASPIRIN ON GENETIC/EPIGENETIC ALTERATIONS IN PRECANCEROUS CONDITIONS, I.E., ATROPHIC MUCOSA (AM) AND INTESTINAL METAPLASIA (IM), IN PATIENTS WITH CHRONIC GASTRITIS WHO HAD TAKEN ASPIRIN FOR MORE THAN 3 YEARS. A TOTAL OF 221 BIOPSY SPECIMENS FROM 74 PATIENTS, INCLUDING ATROPHIC GASTRITIS (AG) CASES WITHOUT ASPIRIN USE (CONTROL), AG CASES WITH ASPIRIN USE (AG GROUP), AND GC CASES WITH ASPIRIN USE (GC GROUP), WERE ANALYZED. ASPIRIN USE WAS ASSOCIATED WITH A SIGNIFICANT REDUCTION OF CDH1 METHYLATION IN AM (OR: 0.15, 95% CI: 0.06-0.41, P = 0.0002), BUT WAS LESS EFFECTIVE IN REVERSING THE METHYLATION THAT OCCURRED IN IM. FREQUENT HYPERMETHYLATION INCLUDING THAT OF CDH1 IN AM INCREASED IN THE GC GROUP COMPARED TO THE AG GROUP, AND CDH1 METHYLATION WAS AN INDEPENDENT PREDICTIVE MARKER OF GC (OR: 8.50, 95% CI: 2.64-25.33, P = 0.0003). IN PATIENTS WITH LONG-TERM ASPIRIN USE, THE CHANGES OF MOLECULAR EVENTS IN AM BUT NOT IM MAY BE AN IMPORTANT FACTOR IN THE REDUCTION OF CANCER INCIDENCE. IN ADDITION, METHYLATION OF THE CDH1 GENE IN AM MAY BE A SURROGATE OF GC.	2017	
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  
11  4077  25 MATERNAL INFLAMMATION INDUCES SPATIAL LEARNING AND MEMORY IMPAIRMENT IN THE F1 AND F2 GENERATIONS OF MICE VIA SEX-SPECIFIC EPIGENETIC MECHANISMS. MOUNTING EVIDENCE INDICATES THAT HISTONE MODIFICATIONS ARE INVOLVED IN AGING-ASSOCIATED COGNITIVE DECLINE (AACD) AND CAN BE TRANSMITTED TO OFFSPRING OVER MULTIPLE GENERATIONS UNDER CONDITIONS OF STRESS. HERE, WE INVESTIGATED THE EFFECTS OF MATERNAL SUB-CHRONIC INFLAMMATION CAUSED BY LIPOPOLYSACCHARIDE (LPS) ON AACD AND HISTONE MODIFICATIONS IN THE F1 AND F2 GENERATIONS OF EXPERIMENTAL MICE AS WELL AS THE POTENTIAL SEX SPECIFICITY OF INTERGENERATIONAL EFFECTS. IN BRIEF, F0-GENERATION CD-1 DAMS WERE EXPOSED TO LPS (50 MICROG/KG) OR SALINE (CON) DURING LATE PREGNANCY. SUBSEQUENTLY, F1 MALES AND FEMALES (AT 2 MONTHS-OF-AGE) FROM THE LPS TREATMENT GROUP WERE MATED WITH NON-LITTERMATES FROM THE LPS GROUP OR WILD-TYPE MICE TO PRODUCE F2 GENERATIONS OF PARENTAL- (F2-LPS(2)), PATERNAL- (F2M-LPS(1)) AND MATERNAL-ORIGIN (F2F-LPS(1)) MICE. THEN, CON-F1 MALES AND FEMALES WERE MATED WITH WILD-TYPE MICE TO GENERATE F2 GENERATIONS OF PATERNAL- (F2M-CON(1)) AND MATERNAL-ORIGIN (F2F-CON(1)). NEXT, WE EVALUATED THE COGNITIVE ABILITY AND LEVELS OF HIPPOCAMPAL H4K12AC AND H3K9ME3 IN THE F1 AND F2 OFFSPRING AT 3- AND 13 MONTHS-OF-AGE. OVERALL, F1 MALE AND FEMALE LPS GROUPS PRESENTED WITH ELEVATED CORTICOSTERONE (P < 0.001, P = 0.036, P = 0.025, 0.012, RESPECTIVELY) AND CYTOKINE RESPONSES, POORER COGNITIVE PERFORMANCE (ALL P < 0.05) AND H3K9 HYPERMETHYLATION AND H4K12 HYPOACETYLATION IN THE DORSAL HIPPOCAMPUS (ALL P < 0.05); THESE ISSUES WERE CARRIED OVER TO THE F2 GENERATION VIA THE PARENTS, PREDOMINANTLY IN THE PATERNAL LINEAGE. MOREOVER, THE LEVELS OF H3K9ME3 AND H4K12AC WERE SIGNIFICANT CORRELATED WITH COGNITIVE PERFORMANCE (ALL P < 0.05), REGARDLESS OF WHETHER INFLAMMATORY INSULTS HAD BEEN INCURRED DIRECTLY OR INDIRECTLY. THESE FINDINGS INDICATED THAT GESTATIONAL INFLAMMATORY INSULTS IN THE F0 GENERATION ACCELERATED AACD IN THE F2 GENERATION, ALONG WITH H3K9 HYPERMETHYLATION AND H4K12 HYPOACETYLATION IN THE HIPPOCAMPUS, AND THAT THESE ISSUES WERE DERIVED FROM THE F1 PARENTS, ESPECIALLY FROM THE F1 FATHERS.	2022	
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                             
12  5124  31 POST-OCCLUSION ADMINISTRATION OF SODIUM BUTYRATE ATTENUATES COGNITIVE IMPAIRMENT IN A RAT MODEL OF CHRONIC CEREBRAL HYPOPERFUSION. CHRONIC CEREBRAL HYPOPERFUSION (CCH) HAS BEEN COMMONLY ASSOCIATED WITH ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE AND OTHER TYPES OF DEMENTIA, BUT THERAPIES THAT CAN IMPROVE CEREBRAL BLOOD FLOW DISPLAYED LITTLE EFFECT ON IMPAIRED COGNITION. EPIGENETIC INTERVENTION WITH HISTONE DEACETYLASE INHIBITORS, SUCH AS SODIUM BUTYRATE (SB), ON THE OTHER HAND HAS BEEN SHOWN TO IMPROVE COGNITION IN SEVERAL ANIMAL MODELS OF DEMENTIA. TO INVESTIGATE THE EFFECT OF SB ON COGNITIVE IMPAIRMENT INDUCED BY CCH IN RATS, ADULT MALE SD RATS WERE GIVEN INTRAPERITONEAL INJECTIONS OF SB AT A DAILY DOSE OF 840MG/KG FOR 4WEEKS, FROM THE 29TH DAY AFTER PERMANENT OCCLUSION OF BILATERAL COMMON CAROTID ARTERIES (2VO). LEARNING AND MEMORY WERE ASSESSED BY MORRIS WATER MAZE AND NOVEL OBJECT RECOGNITION. FOLLOWING BEHAVIORAL TESTS, WESTERN BLOTTING OF HISTONE ACETYLATION, OF TRANSCRIPTION FACTORS, OF NEURONAL/SYNAPTIC PROTEINS, WERE PERFORMED USING RAT HIPPOCAMPUS AND CORTEX. THE DATA SHOWED THAT SB TREATMENT ALLEVIATED HIPPOCAMPAL DEPENDENT SPATIAL LEARNING DISABILITY IN 2VO RATS, AND ALTERED HDAC1/2 MRNA LEVEL, HISTONE H4 ACETYLATION AND NRF2 TRANSCRIPTIONAL ACTIVATION IN RAT HIPPOCAMPUS. ACCORDINGLY, COGNITION-PROTECTIVE EFFECT OF SB APPEARED TO BE PARTIALLY MEDIATED BY ENHANCING HISTONE ACETYLATION AND HENCE BY FACILITATING THE TRANSCRIPTION OF NRF2 DOWNSTREAM GENES IN THE HIPPOCAMPUS. THUS, SB MIGHT BE CONSIDERED FOR PUTATIVE TREATMENT FOR CCH-RELATED COGNITIVE IMPAIRMENT.	2015	
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                
13  3812  46 INTRAUTERINE ENDOGENOUS HIGH GLUCOCORTICOIDS PROGRAM OVARIAN DYSFUNCTION IN FEMALE OFFSPRING SECONDARY TO PRENATAL CAFFEINE EXPOSURE. OVARIAN DYSFUNCTION HAS AN INTRAUTERINE ORIGIN, AND PRENATAL CAFFEINE EXPOSURE (PCE) COULD LEAD TO ABNORMAL FOLLICLE COUNTS IN OFFSPRING AFTER BIRTH. HOWEVER, THE EFFECT OF PCE ON OFFSPRING OVARIAN FUNCTION AND ITS MECHANISM OF INTRAUTERINE PROGRAMMING HAVE NOT BEEN REPORTED THUS FAR. IN THIS STUDY, PREGNANT WISTAR RATS WERE INTRAGASTRICALLY ADMINISTERED CAFFEINE (30 AND 120 MG/KG.D) AT GESTATIONAL DAYS 9-20 (GD9-20). CERTAIN TESTS WERE PERFORMED ON THE BLOOD, OVARIES AND HYPOTHALAMUS OF FEMALE OFFSPRING AT DIFFERENT TIME POINTS. PCE FEMALE OFFSPRING HAD OVARIAN DYSFUNCTION IN ADULTHOOD COMPARED WITH THE CONTROL. FURTHER RESULTS SHOWED THAT IN UTERO OVARIAN MORPHOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENT AND ESTRADIOL SYNTHESIS WERE INHIBITED BUT RAPIDLY INCREASED DURING PUBERTY IN THE PCE GROUP. THE HISTONE 3 LYSINE 27 ACETYLATION (H3K27AC) LEVEL OF THE INSULIN-LIKE GROWTH FACTOR 1 (IGF1) PROMOTER REGION AND ITS EXPRESSION WERE DECREASED IN THE OVARY, WHICH WAS DUE TO EXPOSURE TO HIGH LEVELS OF FETAL BLOOD CORTICOSTERONE, AND THE H3K27AC LEVEL OF IGF1 AND ITS EXPRESSION SHIFTED TO INCREASE AFTER BIRTH WITH A DECREASE IN SERUM CORTICOSTERONE LEVELS. CHRONIC STRESS LED TO INCREASED SERUM CORTICOSTERONE LEVELS IN ADULT OFFSPRING, WHEREAS OVARIAN MORPHOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENT, THE H3K27AC LEVEL OF IGF1 AND ITS EXPRESSION, AND ESTRADIOL SYNTHESIS WERE SIGNIFICANTLY INHIBITED. MOREOVER, THE ACTIVITY OF THE HYPOTHALAMIC-PITUITARY-OVARIAN (HPO) AXIS WAS INCREASED IN THE EARLY POSTNATAL PERIOD OF PCE OFFSPRING, AND CHRONIC STRESS REVERSED THESE CHANGES. IN THE KGN CELL LINE, IT WAS FOUND THAT CORTISOL COULD PROMOTE THE TRANSLOCATION OF THE GLUCOCORTICOID RECEPTOR (GR) INTO THE NUCLEUS AND UPREGULATE HISTONE DEACETYLASE 10 (HDAC10) TO INHIBIT THE H3K27AC LEVEL OF IGF1 AND ITS EXPRESSION AND ESTRADIOL SYNTHESIS. IN SUMMARY, PCE IS ASSOCIATED WITH OVARIAN DYSFUNCTION IN FEMALE ADULT OFFSPRING, AND THE POTENTIAL MECHANISM IS RELATED TO INTRAUTERINE HIGH GLUCOCORTICOID EXPOSURE BY ACTIVATING THE GR AND RECRUITING HDAC10 TO AFFECT OVARIAN GLUCOCORTICOID-IGF1 AXIS PROGRAMMING AND TO INHIBIT ESTRADIOL SYNTHESIS.	2021	
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                     
14  5536  42 ROLE OF C-MIR-21, C-MIR-126, REDOX STATUS, AND INFLAMMATORY CONDITIONS AS POTENTIAL PREDICTORS OF VASCULAR DAMAGE IN T2DM PATIENTS. THE DEVELOPMENT OF TYPE 2 DIABETES MELLITUS (T2DM) VASCULAR COMPLICATIONS (VCS) IS ASSOCIATED WITH OXIDATIVE STRESS AND CHRONIC INFLAMMATION AND CAN RESULT IN ENDOTHELIAL DYSFUNCTIONS. CIRCULATING MICRORNAS PLAY AN IMPORTANT ROLE IN EPIGENETIC REGULATION OF THE ETIOLOGY OF T2DM. WE STUDIED 30 HEALTHY VOLUNTEERS, 26 T2DM PATIENTS WITH NO COMPLICATIONS, AND 26 T2DM PATIENTS WITH VCS, TO LOOK FOR NEW BIOMARKERS INDICATING A RISK OF DEVELOPING VCS IN T2DM PATIENTS. PERIPHERAL BLOOD SAMPLES WERE USED TO DETERMINE REDOX STATE, BY MEASURING THE ENDOGENOUS ANTIOXIDANT DEFENSE SYSTEM (SUPEROXIDE DISMUTASE, SOD; CATALASE, CAT; GLUTATHIONE REDUCTASE, GRD; GLUTATHIONE PEROXIDASE, GPX; AND GLUCOSE-6-PHOSPHATE DEHYDROGENASE, G6DP) AND MARKERS OF OXIDATIVE DAMAGE (ADVANCED OXIDATION PROTEIN PRODUCTS, AOPP; LIPID PEROXIDATION, LPO). ADDITIONALLY, INFLAMMATORY MARKER LEVELS (IL-1, IL-6, IL-18, AND TNF-ALPHA), C-MIR-21, AND C-MIR-126 EXPRESSION WERE ANALYZED. T2DM PATIENTS SHOWED THE HIGHEST OXIDATIVE DAMAGE WITH INCREASED GSSG/GSH RATIOS, LPO, AND AOPP LEVELS. IN BOTH DIABETIC GROUPS, WE FOUND THAT DIMINISHED SOD ACTIVITY WAS ACCOMPANIED BY INCREASED CAT AND DECREASED GRD AND G6PD ACTIVITIES. DIABETIC PATIENTS PRESENTED WITH INCREASED RELATIVE EXPRESSION OF C-MIR-21 AND DECREASED RELATIVE EXPRESSION OF C-MIR-126. OVERALL, C-MIR-21, SOD, CAT, AND IL-6 HAD HIGH PREDICTIVE VALUES FOR DIABETES DIAGNOSES. FINALLY, OUR DATA DEMONSTRATED THAT IL-6 EXHIBITED PREDICTIVE VALUE FOR VC DEVELOPMENT IN THE STUDIED POPULATION. MOREOVER, C-MIR-21 AND C-MIR-126, ALONG WITH GPX AND AOPP LEVELS, SHOULD BE CONSIDERED POSSIBLE MARKERS FOR VC DEVELOPMENT IN FUTURE STUDIES.	2022	
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    
15  3304  38 HIGH-GLUCOSE CONCENTRATIONS CHANGE DNA METHYLATION LEVELS IN HUMAN IVM OOCYTES. STUDY QUESTION: WHAT ARE THE EFFECTS OF HIGH-GLUCOSE CONCENTRATIONS ON DNA METHYLATION OF HUMAN OOCYTES? SUMMARY ANSWER: HIGH-GLUCOSE CONCENTRATIONS ALTERED DNA METHYLATION LEVELS OF PEG3 AND ADIPONECTIN IN HUMAN IN VITRO MATURATION OOCYTES. WHAT IS KNOWN ALREADY: MATERNAL DIABETES HAS A DETRIMENTAL INFLUENCE ON OOCYTE QUALITY INCLUDING EPIGENETIC MODIFICATIONS, AS SHOWN IN NON-HUMAN MAMMALIAN SPECIES. STUDY DESIGN, SIZE, DURATION: IMMATURE METAPHASE I (MI) STAGE OOCYTES OF GOOD QUALITY WERE RETRIEVED FROM PATIENTS WHO HAD NORMAL OVARIAN POTENTIAL AND WHO UNDERWENT ICSI IN THE REPRODUCTIVE MEDICINE CENTER OF PEOPLE'S HOSPITAL OF ZHENGZHOU UNIVERSITY. MI OOCYTES WERE CULTURED IN MEDIUM WITH DIFFERENT GLUCOSE CONCENTRATIONS (CONTROL, 10 MM AND 15 MM) IN VITRO AND 48 H LATER, OOCYTES WITH FIRST POLAR BODY EXTRUSION WERE COLLECTED TO CHECK THE DNA METHYLATION LEVELS. PARTICIPANTS/MATERIALS, SETTING, METHODS: MI OOCYTES UNDERWENT IN VITRO MATURATION (IVM) AT 37 DEGREES C WITH 5% MIXED GAS FOR 48 H. THEN THE MATURE OOCYTES WERE TREATED WITH BISULFITE BUFFER. TARGET SEQUENCES WERE AMPLIFIED USING NESTED OR HALF-NESTED PCR AND THE DNA METHYLATION STATUS WAS TESTED USING COMBINED BISULFITE RESTRICTION ANALYSIS (COBRA) AND BISULFITE SEQUENCING (BS). MAIN RESULTS AND THE ROLE OF CHANCE: HIGH-GLUCOSE CONCENTRATIONS SIGNIFICANTLY DECREASED THE FIRST POLAR BODY EXTRUSION RATE. COMPARED TO CONTROLS, THE DNA METHYLATION LEVELS OF PEG3 IN HUMAN IVM OOCYTES WERE SIGNIFICANTLY HIGHER IN 10 MM (P < 0.001) AND 15 MM (P < 0.001) CONCENTRATIONS OF GLUCOSE. BUT THE DNA METHYLATION LEVEL OF H19 WAS NOT AFFECTED BY HIGH-GLUCOSE CONCENTRATIONS IN HUMAN IVM OOCYTES. WE ALSO FOUND THAT THERE WAS A DECREASE IN DNA METHYLATION LEVELS IN THE PROMOTER OF ADIPONECTIN IN HUMAN IVM OOCYTES BETWEEN CONTROLS AND OOCYTES EXPOSED TO 10 MM GLUCOSE (P = 0.028). LARGE SCALE DATA: N/A. LIMITATIONS REASONS FOR CAUTION: IT IS NOT CLEAR WHETHER THE ALTERATIONS ARE BENEFICIAL OR NOT FOR THE EMBRYO DEVELOPMENT AND OFFSPRING HEALTH. THE EFFECTS OF HIGH-GLUCOSE CONCENTRATIONS ON THE WHOLE PROCESS OF OOCYTE MATURATION ARE STILL NOT ELUCIDATED. ANOTHER ISSUE IS THAT THE NUMBER OF OOCYTES USED IN THIS STUDY WAS LIMITED. WIDER IMPLICATIONS OF THE FINDINGS: THIS IS THE FIRST TIME THAT THE EFFECTS OF HIGH-GLUCOSE CONCENTRATION ON DNA METHYLATION OF HUMAN OOCYTES HAVE BEEN ELUCIDATED. OUR RESULT INDICATES THAT IN HUMANS, THE HIGH RISK OF CHRONIC DISEASES IN OFFSPRING FROM DIABETIC MOTHERS MAY ORIGINATE FROM ABNORMAL DNA MODIFICATIONS IN OOCYTES. STUDY FUNDING/COMPETING INTEREST(S): THIS WORK WAS SUPPORTED BY THE FUND OF NATIONAL NATURAL SCIENCE FOUNDATION OF CHINA (81401198) AND DOCTOR FOUNDATION OF QINGDAO AGRICULTURAL UNIVERSITY (1116008).THE AUTHORS DECLARE THAT THERE ARE NO POTENTIAL CONFLICTS OF INTEREST RELEVANT TO THIS ARTICLE.	2018	
                                                                          
16   903  32 CHRONIC EXPOSURE TO BISPHENOL A RESULTED IN ALTERATIONS OF REPRODUCTIVE FUNCTIONS VIA IMMUNE DEFENSE, OXIDATIVE DAMAGE AND DISRUPTION DNA/HISTONE METHYLATION IN MALE RARE MINNOW GOBIOCYPRIS RARUS. BISPHENOL A (BPA) IS A WIDELY USED CHEMICAL THAT REPRESENTS A REPRODUCTIVE HAZARD IN FISH. HOWEVER, THE MOLECULAR PATHWAYS MEDIATING REPRODUCTIVE TOXICITY UNDER CHRONIC BPA EXPOSURE REMAIN UNCLEAR. TO STUDY THE REPRODUCTIVE HAZARDS ASSOCIATED WITH CHRONIC BPA EXPOSURE, ADULT MALE RARE MINNOWS (GOBIOCYPRIS RARUS) WERE TREATED WITH 15 MUG L (-) (1) AND 225 MUG L (-) (1) BPA FOR 90 DAYS. RESULTS SHOWED THAT CHRONIC BPA TREATMENT INDUCED REPRODUCTIVE IMPAIRMENTS WITH DECREASED FERTILIZATION CAPACITY AND MOVEMENT TIME OF SPERM. TRANSCRIPTOME ANALYSIS INDICATED 1421 TRANSCRIPTS THAT WERE DIFFERENTIALLY EXPRESSED IN RESPONSE TO BPA EXPOSURE, WHICH ARE INVOLVED IN THE BIOLOGICAL PROCESS OF OXIDATIVE STRESS, IMMUNE RESPONSES AND DNA/HISTONE METHYLATION. BPA CAUSED THE OXIDATIVE STRESS VIA SIGNIFICANTLY INCREASING HYDROGEN PEROXIDE (H(2)O(2)) LEVELS AND INHIBITING THE ACTIVITIES OF ANTIOXIDANT-RELATED ENZYMES (CATALASE, CAT). BPA CAUSED AN INFLAMMATORY RESPONSE IN THE TESTES BY SIGNIFICANTLY INCREASING IL-1BETA LEVELS AND INDUCING INFILTRATION OF INFLAMMATORY CELLS. MOREOVER, EXPOSURE TO 15 MUG L (-) (1) BPA SIGNIFICANTLY DECREASED THE GENOMIC DNA METHYLATION LEVEL. THESE DATA REVEALED THAT CHRONIC BPA EXPOSURE HAD ADVERSE EFFECTS ON MALE REPRODUCTION. OXIDATIVE STRESS, INFLAMMATORY RESPONSE AND DNA/HISTONE METHYLATION MIGHT ACCOUNT FOR THE DECREASED SPERM QUALITY.	2021	
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                
17   362  35 AMBIENT AIR POLLUTION IMPAIRS REGULATORY T-CELL FUNCTION IN ASTHMA. BACKGROUND: ASTHMA IS THE MOST FREQUENT CHRONIC DISEASE IN CHILDREN, AND CHILDREN ARE AT HIGH RISK FOR ADVERSE HEALTH CONSEQUENCES ASSOCIATED WITH AMBIENT AIR POLLUTION (AAP) EXPOSURE. REGULATORY T (TREG) CELLS ARE SUPPRESSORS OF IMMUNE RESPONSES INVOLVED IN ASTHMA PATHOGENESIS. TREG-CELL IMPAIRMENT IS ASSOCIATED WITH INCREASED DNA METHYLATION OF FORKHEAD BOX TRANSCRIPTION FACTOR 3 (FOXP3), A KEY TRANSCRIPTION FACTOR IN TREG-CELL ACTIVITY. BECAUSE AAP EXPOSURE CAN INDUCE EPIGENETIC CHANGES, WE HYPOTHESIZED THAT TREG-CELL FUNCTION WOULD BE IMPAIRED BY AAP, ALLOWING AMPLIFICATION OF AN INFLAMMATORY RESPONSE. OBJECTIVES: TO ASSESS WHETHER EXPOSURE TO AAP LED TO HYPERMETHYLATION OF THE FOXP3 GENE, CAUSING IMPAIRED TREG-CELL SUPPRESSION AND WORSENED ASTHMA SYMPTOM SCORES. METHODS: CHILDREN WITH AND WITHOUT ASTHMA FROM FRESNO, CALIF (HIGH POLLUTION, FRESNO ASTHMA GROUP [FA], N = 71, AND FRESNO NON ASTHMATIC GROUP, N = 30, RESPECTIVELY), AND FROM STANFORD, CALIF (LOW POLLUTION, STANFORD ASTHMA GROUP, N = 40, AND STANFORD NON ASTHMATIC GROUP, N = 40), WERE ENROLLED IN A CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY. PERIPHERAL BLOOD TREG CELLS WERE USED IN FUNCTIONAL AND EPIGENETIC STUDIES. ASTHMA OUTCOMES WERE ASSESSED BY GLOBAL INITIATIVE IN ASTHMA SCORE. RESULTS: FRESNO ASTHMA GROUP TREG-CELL SUPPRESSION WAS IMPAIRED AND FA TREG-CELL CHEMOTAXIS WERE REDUCED COMPARED WITH OTHER GROUPS (P </= .05). TREG-CELL DYSFUNCTION WAS ASSOCIATED WITH MORE PRONOUNCED DECREASES IN ASTHMA GLOBAL INITIATIVE IN ASTHMA SCORE IN FA VERSUS THE STANFORD ASTHMA GROUP. FOXP3 WAS DECREASED IN FA COMPARED WITH THE FRESNO NON ASTHMATIC GROUP (P </= .05). FA ALSO CONTAINED SIGNIFICANTLY HIGHER LEVELS OF METHYLATION AT THE FOXP3 LOCUS (P </= .05). CONCLUSION: INCREASED EXPOSURE TO AAP IS ASSOCIATED WITH HYPERMETHYLATION OF THE FOXP3 LOCUS, IMPAIRING TREG-CELL FUNCTION AND INCREASING ASTHMA MORBIDITY. AAP COULD PLAY A ROLE IN MEDIATING EPIGENETIC CHANGES IN TREG CELLS, WHICH MAY WORSEN ASTHMA BY AN IMMUNE MECHANISM.	2010	
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          
18  5616  37 SAMUL-TANG AMELIORATES OOCYTE DAMAGE DUE TO CYCLOPHOSPHAMIDE-INDUCED CHRONIC OVARIAN DYSFUNCTION IN MICE. SAMUL-TANG (SM), A TRADITIONAL HERBAL MEDICINE, HAS BEEN USED TO TREAT MENSTRUAL IRREGULARITIES AND INFERTILITY IN WOMEN. HOWEVER, THE CELLULAR AND MOLECULAR MECHANISMS UNDERLYING THE EFFECTS OF SM REMAIN ELUSIVE. WE INVESTIGATED THE POTENTIAL PROTECTIVE EFFECT OF SM AGAINST CHRONIC OVARIAN DYSFUNCTION AND USED BIOINFORMATICS ANALYSIS TO IDENTIFY ITS UNDERLYING MECHANISM IN A MOUSE MODEL OF CYCLOPHOSPHAMIDE (CP)-INDUCED DIMINISHED OVARIAN RESERVE. FEMALE C57BL/6 MICE WERE INTRAPERITONEALLY INJECTED WITH CP THREE TIMES A WEEK, FOLLOWED BY ORAL ADMINISTRATION OF DISTILLED WATER (CP GROUP) OR SM (CP + SM GROUP) FOR 4 WEEKS. FOUR WEEKS LATER, THE EFFECT OF SM WAS ASSESSED BY OVARIAN TISSUE HISTOLOGICAL ANALYSIS, STEROID HORMONE MEASUREMENT, OOCYTE QUALITY, AND MRNA AND MICRORNA MICROARRAY ANALYSIS IN THE OVARIES. ALTHOUGH SM ADMINISTRATION DID NOT PREVENT CP-INDUCED FOLLICLE LOSS IN MICE, THE QUALITY OF OOCYTES WAS BETTER IN CP + SM MICE THAN IN CP MICE. GENE EXPRESSION ANALYSIS REVEALED THAT THE EXPRESSION OF FERTILISATION- AND OVARIAN FOLLICLE DEVELOPMENT-RELATED GENES WAS ALTERED BY CP TREATMENT BUT NORMALIZED AFTER SM ADMINISTRATION. FURTHER BIOINFORMATICS ANALYSIS SHOWED POSSIBLE INTERACTIONS BETWEEN DIFFERENTIALLY EXPRESSED MRNAS AND MICRORNAS. THEREFORE, WE DEMONSTRATED THE PROTECTIVE EFFECTS OF SM ON OVARIAN FUNCTION AND OOCYTE MATURATION AGAINST CP-INDUCED DAMAGE VIA MULTIPLE EPIGENETIC MECHANISMS.	2020	
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          
19   542  31 ATP-CITRATE LYASE IS AN EPIGENETIC REGULATOR TO PROMOTE OBESITY-RELATED KIDNEY INJURY. OBESITY IS A LEADING CAUSE OF CHRONIC KIDNEY DISEASE (CKD), BUT HOW OBESITY PROMOTES RENAL INJURY REMAINS POORLY UNDERSTOOD. HERE WE SHOWED THAT ATP-CITRATE LYASE (ACL), AN ENZYME CONVERTING CITRATE TO ACETYL-COA, IS HIGHLY INDUCED IN THE KIDNEY OF OVERWEIGHT OR OBESE PATIENTS WITH CKD AND OB/OB BTBR MICE. ACL INDUCTION IS ASSOCIATED WITH INCREASED ECTOPIC LIPID ACCUMULATION (ELA), GLOMERULOSCLEROSIS, AND ALBUMINURIA. ACETYL-COA IS THE SUBSTRATE FOR DE NOVO LIPOGENESIS AS WELL AS FOR HISTONE ACETYLATION. BY RAISING ACETYL-COA CONCENTRATION ACL PROMOTES H3K9/14 AND H3K27 HYPERACETYLATION LEADING TO UP-REGULATION OF SEVERAL RATE-LIMITING LIPOGENIC ENZYMES AND FIBROGENIC FACTORS. ON THE OTHER HAND, THE EXCESS ACETYL-COA GENERATED AS A RESULT OF ACL INDUCTION PROVIDES THE SUBSTRATE FOR THESE LIPOGENIC ENZYMES TO DRIVE DE NOVO LIPOGENESIS LEADING TO ELA, A DETRIMENTAL EVENT TOWARD RENAL INJURY. IN MESANGIAL CELLS, ACL IS SYNERGISTICALLY INDUCED BY HIGH GLUCOSE, PALMITATE, AND TNF-ALPHA VIA NF-KAPPAB AND PKA PATHWAYS. UNDER THESE CONDITIONS, H3K9/14 AND H3K27 HYPERACETYLATION, AS WELL AS THE INDUCTION OF THE LIPOGENIC AND FIBROGENIC PROTEINS, ARE COMPLETELY BLOCKED IN THE PRESENCE OF AN ACL INHIBITOR. COLLECTIVELY, THESE DATA SUGGEST THAT ACL IS AN EPIGENETIC REGULATOR THAT PROMOTES RENAL ELA AND FIBROGENESIS LEADING TO RENAL INJURY IN OBESITY.-CHEN, Y., DEB, D. K., FU, X., YI, B., LIANG, Y., DU, J., HE, L., LI, Y. C. ATP-CITRATE LYASE IS AN EPIGENETIC REGULATOR TO PROMOTE OBESITY-RELATED KIDNEY INJURY.	2019	
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                             
20  5191  35 PRENATAL DEXAMETHASONE EXPOSURE PROGRAMS THE DECREASED TESTOSTERONE SYNTHESIS IN OFFSPRING RATS BY LOW LEVEL OF ENDOGENOUS GLUCOCORTICOIDS. PRENATAL DEXAMETHASONE EXPOSURE (PDE) CAN DECREASE MATERNAL ENDOGENOUS GLUCOCORTICOID LEVEL AND INDUCE TESTICULAR DYSPLASIA IN MALE OFFSPRING RATS. IN THIS STUDY WE INVESTIGATED LOW LEVEL ENDOGENOUS GLUCOCORTICOID-MEDIATED TESTICULAR DYSPLASIA IN PDE OFFSPRING AND ELUCIDATED THE INTRAUTERINE EPIGENETIC PROGRAMMING MECHANISMS. PREGNANT RATS WERE INJECTED WITH DEXAMETHASONE (0.2 MG.KG(-1).D(-1), SC) ON GESTATIONAL DAY (GD) 9-20. THE OFFSPRING RAT BLOOD AND TESTIS WERE COLLECTED AFTER EUTHANASIA ON GD20, POSTNATAL WEEK (PW) 12 OR PW28. WE SHOWED THAT PDE INDUCED ABNORMAL MORPHOLOGY OF TESTIS AND SIGNIFICANTLY DECREASED THE EXPRESSION OF TESTOSTERONE SYNTHESIS-RELATED GENES AS WELL AS TESTOSTERONE PRODUCTION BEFORE AND AFTER BIRTH. MEANWHILE, SERUM CORTICOSTERONE, THE EXPRESSION AND HISTONE 3 LYSINE 14 ACETYLATION (H3K14AC) OF TESTICULAR INSULIN-LIKE GROWTH FACTOR 1 (IGF1) WERE SIGNIFICANTLY DECREASED. AFTER THE PREGNANT RATS WERE SUBJECTED TO CHRONIC STRESS FOR 2 WEEKS (PW10-12), SERUM CORTICOSTERONE LEVEL WAS INCREASED IN THE ADULT PDE OFFSPRING, AND THE ABOVE-MENTIONED OTHER INDICATORS WERE ALSO IMPROVED. CULTURED LEYDIG CELLS (TM3) WERE TREATED WITH CORTICOSTERONE (62.5-500 NM) IN VITRO. WE SHOWED THAT CORTICOSTERONE CONCENTRATION-DEPENDENTLY INHIBITED GLUCOCORTICOID RECEPTOR ALPHA (GRALPHA) AND MIR-124-3P EXPRESSION, INCREASED HISTONE DEACETYLASE 5 (HDAC5) EXPRESSION, AND DECREASED IGF1 H3K14AC LEVEL AND THE EXPRESSION OF IGF1/STEROIDOGENIC ACUTE REGULATORY PROTEIN (STAR), SUGGESTING THAT CORTICOSTERONE AT LOWER THAN PHYSIOLOGICAL LEVEL (<500 NM) INHIBITED TESTOSTERONE SYNTHESIS BY REDUCING H3K14AC AND THE EXPRESSION LEVEL OF IGF1 THROUGH GRALPHA/MIR-124-3P/HDAC5 PATHWAY. IN CONCLUSION, PDE CAN CAUSE PERSISTENT INHIBITION OF TESTOSTERONE SYNTHESIS BEFORE AND AFTER BIRTH IN THE OFFSPRING RATS BY LOW LEVEL OF ENDOGENOUS GLUCOCORTICOIDS.	2022