1   780 181 CELL-FREE DNA PROMOTER HYPERMETHYLATION IN PLASMA AS A DIAGNOSTIC MARKER FOR PANCREATIC ADENOCARCINOMA. BACKGROUND: PANCREATIC CANCER HAS A 5-YEAR SURVIVAL RATE OF ONLY 5-7%. DIFFICULTIES IN DETECTING PANCREATIC CANCER AT EARLY STAGES RESULTS IN THE HIGH MORTALITY AND SUBSTANTIATES THE NEED FOR ADDITIONAL DIAGNOSTIC TOOLS. SURGERY IS THE ONLY CURATIVE TREATMENT AND UNFORTUNATELY ONLY POSSIBLE IN LOCALIZED TUMOURS. A DIAGNOSTIC BIOMARKER FOR PANCREATIC CANCER WILL HAVE A MAJOR IMPACT ON PATIENT SURVIVAL BY FACILITATING EARLY DETECTION AND THE POSSIBILITY FOR CURATIVE TREATMENT. DNA PROMOTER HYPERMETHYLATION IS A MECHANISM OF EARLY CARCINOGENESIS, WHICH CAN CAUSE INACTIVATION OF TUMOUR SUPPRESSOR GENES. THE AIM OF THIS STUDY WAS TO EXAMINE PROMOTER HYPERMETHYLATION IN A PANEL OF SELECTED GENES FROM CELL-FREE DNA, AS A DIAGNOSTIC MARKER FOR PANCREATIC ADENOCARCINOMA. METHODS: PATIENTS WITH SUSPECTED OR BIOPSY-VERIFIED PANCREATIC CANCER WERE INCLUDED PROSPECTIVELY AND CONSECUTIVELY. PATIENTS WITH CHRONIC/ACUTE PANCREATITIS WERE INCLUDED AS ADDITIONAL BENIGN CONTROL GROUPS. BASED ON AN OPTIMIZED ACCELERATED BISULFITE TREATMENT PROTOCOL, METHYLATION-SPECIFIC PCR OF A 28 GENE PANEL WAS PERFORMED ON PLASMA SAMPLES. A DIAGNOSTIC PREDICTION MODEL WAS DEVELOPED BY MULTIVARIABLE LOGISTIC REGRESSION ANALYSIS USING BACKWARD STEPWISE ELIMINATION. RESULTS: PATIENTS WITH PANCREATIC ADENOCARCINOMA (N = 95), CHRONIC PANCREATITIS (N = 97) AND ACUTE PANCREATITIS (N = 59) AND PATIENTS SCREENED, BUT NEGATIVE FOR PANCREATIC ADENOCARCINOMA (N = 27), WERE INCLUDED. THE DIFFERENCE IN MEAN NUMBER OF METHYLATED GENES IN THE CANCER GROUP (8.41 (95% CI 7.62-9.20)) VS THE TOTAL CONTROL GROUP (4.74 (95% CI 4.40-5.08)) WAS HIGHLY SIGNIFICANT (P < 0.001). A DIAGNOSTIC PREDICTION MODEL (AGE >65, BMP3, RASSF1A, BNC1, MESTV2, TFPI2, APC, SFRP1 AND SFRP2) HAD AN AREA UNDER THE CURVE OF 0.86 (SENSITIVITY 76%, SPECIFICITY 83%). THE MODEL PERFORMANCE WAS INDEPENDENT OF CANCER STAGE. CONCLUSIONS: CELL-FREE DNA PROMOTER HYPERMETHYLATION HAS THE POTENTIAL TO BE A DIAGNOSTIC MARKER FOR PANCREATIC ADENOCARCINOMA AND DIFFERENTIATE BETWEEN MALIGNANT AND BENIGN PANCREATIC DISEASE. THIS STUDY BRINGS US CLOSER TO A CLINICAL USEFUL DIAGNOSTIC MARKER FOR PANCREATIC CANCER, WHICH IS URGENTLY NEEDED. EXTERNAL VALIDATION IS, HOWEVER, REQUIRED BEFORE THE TEST CAN BE APPLIED IN THE CLINIC. TRIAL REGISTRATION: CLINICALTRIALS.GOV, NCT02079363.	2016	

2   353  51 ALTERED LEVELS OF IMMUNE-REGULATORY MICRORNAS IN PLASMA SAMPLES OF PATIENTS WITH LUPUS NEPHRITIS. INTRODUCTION: LUPUS NEPHRITIS (LN) IS A MAJOR CAUSE OF MORTALITY AND MORBIDITY IN THE PATIENTS WITH LUPUS, A CHRONIC AUTOIMMUNE DISEASE. THE ROLE OF GENETIC AND EPIGENETIC FACTORS IS EMPHASIZED IN THE PATHOGENESIS OF LN. THE AIM OF THE PRESENT STUDY WAS TO EVALUATE THE LEVELS OF IMMUNE-REGULATORY MICRORNAS (E.G., MIR-31, MIR-125A, MIR-142-3P, MIR-146A, AND MIR-155) IN PLASMA SAMPLES OF PATIENTS WITH LN. METHODS: IN THIS STUDY, 26 PATIENTS WITH LN AND 26 HEALTHY INDIVIDUALS WERE INCLUDED. THE PLASMA LEVELS OF THE MICRORNAS WERE EVALUATED BY A QUANTITATIVE REAL-TIME PCR. MOREOVER, THE CORRELATION OF CIRCULATING PLASMA MICRORNAS WITH DISEASE ACTIVITY AND PATHOLOGICAL FINDINGS ALONG WITH THEIR ABILITY TO DISTINGUISH PATIENTS WITH LN WERE ASSESSED. RESULTS: PLASMA LEVELS OF MIR-125A (P = 0.048), MIR-146A (P = 0.005), AND MIR-155 (P< 0.001) WERE SIGNIFICANTLY HIGHER IN COMPARISON BETWEEN THE CASES AND CONTROLS. THE PLASMA LEVEL OF MIR-146A SIGNIFICANTLY CORRELATED WITH THE LEVEL OF ANTI-DOUBLE STRAND-DNA ANTIBODY AND PROTEINURIA. MOREOVER, THERE WAS A SIGNIFICANT CORRELATION BETWEEN MIR-142-3P LEVELS AND DISEASE CHRONICITY AND ACTIVITY INDEX (P <0.05). THE MULTIVARIATE ROC CURVE ANALYSIS INDICATED THE PLASMA CIRCULATING MIR-125A, MIR-142-3P, MIR-146, AND MIR-155 TOGETHER COULD DISCRIMINATE MOST OF THE PATIENTS WITH LN FROM CONTROLS WITH AREA AN UNDER CURVE (AUC) OF 0.89 [95% CI, 0.80-0.98, P<0.001], 88% SENSITIVITY, AND 78% SPECIFICITY. CONCLUSION: BASED ON THE FINDINGS OF THE PRESENT STUDY, THE STUDIED MICRORNAS MAY BE INVOLVED IN THE PATHOGENESIS AND DEVELOPMENT OF LN AND HAVE THE POTENTIAL TO BE USED AS DIAGNOSTIC AND THERAPEUTIC MARKERS IN LN.	2018	
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                   
3  3442  44 HYPERMETHYLATION IN THE PROMOTER OF THE MTHFR GENE IS ASSOCIATED WITH DIABETIC COMPLICATIONS AND BIOCHEMICAL INDICATORS. BACKGROUND: DNA METHYLATION IS AN EPIGENETIC MECHANISM FOR REGULATING THE TRANSCRIPTION OF MANY GENES AND HAS BEEN LINKED TO THE DEVELOPMENT OF VARIOUS DISEASES. A PROMISING GENE TO INVESTIGATE IS METHYLENETETRAHYDROFOLATE REDUCTASE (MTHFR), SINCE THE ENZYME METHYLENETETRAHYDROFOLATE REDUCTASE (MTHFR) PROMOTES METHYL RADICAL SYNTHESIS IN THE HOMOCYSTEINE CYCLE AND CAN PROVIDE METHYL GROUPS FOR DNA METHYLATION. IN ADDITION, SEVERAL STUDIES HAVE CORRELATED GENE POLYMORPHISMS OF THIS ENZYME WITH A GREATER RISK OF DIABETES, BUT LITTLE IS KNOWN REGARDING THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN EPIGENETIC CHANGES IN THIS GENE AND DIABETES AND ITS COMPLICATIONS. THE AIM OF THIS STUDY WAS TO INVESTIGATE THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN METHYLATION PROFILE IN THE MTHFR GENE PROMOTER AND BIOCHEMICAL, INFLAMMATORY AND OXIDATIVE STRESS MARKERS IN INDIVIDUALS WITH TYPE 2 DIABETES (T2DM) WHO HAVE BEEN DIAGNOSED FOR 5-10 YEARS WITH OR WITHOUT DIABETIC RETINOPATHY (DR) AND NEPHROPATHY (DN). METHODS: SPECIFIC PCR FOR METHYLATION (MSP) WAS USED TO ANALYZE MTHFR METHYLATION PROFILE IN LEUCOCYTES DNA. BIOCHEMICAL MARKERS (GLYCEMIA, GLYCATED HEMOGLOBIN, TOTAL CHOLESTEROL, LDL, HDL, TRIGLYCERIDES, SERUM CREATININE), INFLAMMATORY MARKERS (C-REACTIVE PROTEIN AND ALPHA-1 ACID GLYCOPROTEIN) AND OXIDATIVE STRESS (TOTAL ANTIOXIDANT AND MALONALDEHYDE) WERE DETERMINED IN PERIPHERIC BLOOD SAMPLES AND MICROALBUMINURIA IN 24 H URINE SAMPLES. THE X(2) AND MANN-WHITNEY STATISTICAL TESTS WERE PERFORMED AND P < 0.05 WERE CONSIDERED SIGNIFICANT. RESULTS: THE HYPERMETHYLATED PROFILE WAS MOST FREQUENTLY OBSERVED IN INDIVIDUALS WITH RETINOPATHY (P < 0.01) AND WAS ASSOCIATED WITH HIGHER TOTAL CHOLESTEROL AND LDL LEVELS (P = 0.0046, 0.0267, RESPECTIVELY). INDIVIDUALS WITH DN AND HYPERMETHYLATED PROFILES HAD HIGHER LEVELS OF ALPHA-1 ACID GLYCOPROTEIN (P = 0.0080) AND TOTAL ANTIOXIDANT CAPACITY (P = 0.0169) COMPARED TO SUBJECTS WITHOUT COMPLICATIONS. CONCLUSIONS: HYPERMETHYLATION IN THE PROMOTER OF THE MTHFR GENE IS ASSOCIATED WITH THE OCCURRENCE OF DR AND WITH BIOCHEMICAL, INFLAMMATORY AND OXIDATIVE STRESS PARAMETERS IN THE CONTEXT OF CHRONIC COMPLICATIONS.	2017	
                                                                                                                                                                                 
4  2093  38 EPIGENETIC EFFECTS FOLLOWING ACUTE AND CHRONIC EXERCISE IN CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW. INTRODUCTION: ACUTE EXERCISE AND EXERCISE TRAINING MAY CONFER EPIGENETIC MODIFICATIONS IN HEALTHY SUBJECTS. EPIGENETIC EFFECTS AFTER EXERCISE HAVE BEEN SHOWED IN PATIENTS WITH CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE. THE AIM OF THIS SYSTEMATIC REVIEW WAS TO SUMMARIZE THE EVIDENCE FROM AVAILABLE CLINICAL TRIALS THAT STUDY EPIGENETIC ADAPTATIONS AFTER EXERCISE IN PATIENTS WITH CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE. METHODS: THE SEARCH STRATEGY WAS PERFORMED IN PUBMED AND CENTRAL DATABASES ON ARTICLES PUBLISHED UNTIL SEPTEMBER 2020. STUDIES WITH TITLES AND ABSTRACTS RELEVANT TO EXERCISE EPIGENETIC MODIFICATION APPLIED TO CARDIOVASCULAR PATIENTS WERE FULLY EXAMINED. INCLUSION AND EXCLUSION CRITERIA WERE UTILIZED FOR STUDIES SCREENING. QUALITY ASSESSMENT WITH PEDRO SCALE AND EVALUATION BY TWO INDEPENDENT REVIEWERS WAS PERFORMED. RESULTS: OF THE 1714 ARTICLES RETRIEVED, 88 ARTICLES WERE ASSESSED FOR ELIGIBILITY CRITERIA AND 8 ARTICLES MATCHED OUR SEARCH CRITERIA AND FINALLY INCLUDED IN THE SYSTEMATIC ANALYSIS. THE ACUTE EXERCISE EPIGENETIC (MIRNAS) EFFECTS WERE ASSESSED IN THREE STUDIES AND THE CHRONIC EXERCISE TRAINING EFFECTS (MIRNAS AND DNA METHYLATION) IN SIX STUDIES. THE RESULTS HAVE SHOWN THAT THERE IS POSSIBLY AN ACUTE SIGNIFICANT EXERCISE EFFECT ON EPIGENETIC TARGETS WHICH IS MORE EVIDENT AFTER CHRONIC EXERCISE TRAINING. CONCLUSIONS: BY THE PRESENT SYSTEMATIC REVIEW, WE PROVIDE PRELIMINARY EVIDENCE OF BENEFICIAL EPIGENETIC ADAPTATIONS FOLLOWING ACUTE AND CHRONIC EXERCISE IN PATIENTS WITH CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE. MORE CONTROLLED STUDIES ARE NEEDED TO CONFIRM SUCH EVIDENCE.	2021	
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                   
5   497  36 ASSOCIATION BETWEEN BMI AND DNA METHYLATION IN BLOOD OR NORMAL ADULT BREAST TISSUE: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW. BACKGROUND/AIM: SEVERAL STUDIES HAVE INVESTIGATED THE INFLUENCE OF OBESITY ON DNA METHYLATION (DNAM) TO FIND BIOMARKERS ASSOCIATED WITH THE DETECTION OF CHRONIC DISEASES, INCLUDING BREAST CANCER. THE AIM OF THE STUDY WAS TO SYSTEMATICALLY REVIEW STUDIES EXAMINING THE ASSOCIATION OF BODY MASS INDEX (BMI) AND DNAM IN BLOOD OR NORMAL BREAST TISSUE. MATERIALS AND METHODS: THREE SCIENTIFIC LITERATURE DATABASES (PUBMED, EMBASE AND WEB OF SCIENCE) WERE SCREENED UNTIL MAY 2018. RESULTS: TWENTY-FOUR STUDIES WERE INCLUDED ALONG WITH OURS IN WHICH WE INVESTIGATED THIS RELATION IN THE NORMAL BREAST TISSUE OF 40 BREAST CANCER PATIENTS. CONCLUSION: BMI-ASSOCIATED CPG SITES WERE HIGHLY VARIABLE WITH FEW IDENTIFIED IN LESS THAN HALF OF THE STUDIES. NEVERTHELESS, A FEW GENES POTENTIALLY ASSOCIATED WITH BMI WERE HIGHLIGHTED IN BLOOD (CPT1A, ABCG1, SREBF1 AND LGALS3BP) AND IN NORMAL BREAST TISSUE (PTPRN2 AND ABLIM2). THE VARIABILITY OF THE RESULTS COULD BE EXPLAINED BY THE TISSUE AND CELL-SPECIFICITY OF METHYLATION AND DIFFERENCES IN METHODOLOGY.	2020	
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              
6  5517  36 RISK FACTOR ASSESSMENT OF RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS IN NORTH KERALA. OBJECTIVE: RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS (RA) IS A MULTIFACTORIAL DISEASE; IT LEADS TO DISABLING AND PAINFUL CHRONIC INFLAMMATORY ARTHRITIS. ITS ONSET MAY BE DELAYED OR EVEN PREVENTED BY MODIFYING THE RISK FACTORS INVOLVED. MANY GENETIC, EPIGENETIC, AND ENVIRONMENTAL FACTORS ARE IMPLICATED IN THE PATHOGENESIS OF RA. THE OBJECTIVES OF THIS CASE-CONTROL STUDY WERE TO ASSESS VARIOUS RISK FACTORS IN OUR POPULATION AND TO COMPARE THE SAME WITH AGE- AND SEX-MATCHED CONTROLS. METHODS: WE STUDIED 118 CASES WITH RA DIAGNOSED USING THE EULAR CRITERIA. IN TOTAL, 581 AGE- AND SEX-MATCHED CONTROLS WERE SELECTED. EACH INDIVIDUAL WAS ADMINISTERED A SEPARATE QUESTIONNAIRE REGARDING THEIR RISK FACTORS (KNOWN RISK FACTORS WERE STUDIED). THE IMPLICATED DIETARY FACTORS WERE INCORPORATED IN A FOOD FREQUENCY QUESTIONNAIRE (FFQ) AND ADMINISTERED TO BOTH CASES AND CONTROLS. COMPARISON WAS MADE BETWEEN THOSE WHO CONSUME AN ITEM AT A PARTICULAR FREQUENCY, WHO CONSUME LESS, AND WHO CONSUME NOTHING AT ALL. AMONG THOSE WHO CONSUME, EACH GROUP WAS RE-COMPARED. STATISTICAL ANALYSIS WAS CONDUCTED USING STATISTICAL PACKAGE FOR SOCIAL SCIENCES (IBM CORP.; ARMONK, NY, USA). RESULTS: THERE WAS SIGNIFICANT RELATIONSHIP FOR FAMILY HISTORY, PERIODONTITIS, HISTORY OF CHIKUNGUNYA, AND SUN EXPOSURE (P<0.05). ASSOCIATION WITH VARIOUS FOOD ITEMS WAS STUDIED USING THE FFQ, BUT THE RELATIONSHIP WAS INCONSISTENT, PROBABLY DUE TO CONSUMPTION OF MODIFIED DIET BY THE PERSONS WITH RA. ALSO, A MAJORITY OF CASES WERE FEMALES AND NONSMOKERS FOR ASSESSING AN ASSOCIATION WITH SMOKING HABITS. CONCLUSION: IN OUR POPULATION, PREVIOUS INFECTIONS (E.G., CHIKUNGUNYA AND POOR ORAL HYGIENE WITH PERIODONTITIS) WERE THE PROMINENTLY OBSERVED RISK FACTORS. ALSO, SMOKING WAS LESS COMMON AMONG WOMEN, AND PROBABLY CONTRIBUTED LESS, AS MAJORITY OF CASES WERE FEMALES. FOR DIETARY PATTERN ASSOCIATION, A PROSPECTIVE COHORT STUDY MAY BE NEEDED.	2018	
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                     
7  5882  41 SYSTEMATIC REVIEW OF LUNG FUNCTION AND COPD WITH PERIPHERAL BLOOD DNA METHYLATION IN POPULATION BASED STUDIES. BACKGROUND: EPIGENETIC VARIATIONS IN PERIPHERAL BLOOD HAVE POTENTIAL AS BIOMARKERS FOR DISEASE. THIS SYSTEMATIC REVIEW ASSESSES THE ASSOCIATION OF LUNG FUNCTION AND CHRONIC OBSTRUCTIVE PULMONARY DISEASE (COPD) WITH DNA METHYLATION PROFILES IN PERIPHERAL BLOOD FROM POPULATION-BASED STUDIES. METHODS: ONLINE DATABASES MEDLINE, EMBASE, AND WEB OF SCIENCE WERE SEARCHED. GOOGLE SCHOLAR WAS SEARCHED TO IDENTIFY GREY LITERATURE. AFTER REMOVING DUPLICATE ARTICLES, 1155 ARTICLES WERE INDEPENDENTLY SCREENED BY TWO INVESTIGATORS. PEER REVIEWED REPORTS ON POPULATION-BASED STUDIES THAT EXAMINED PERIPHERAL BLOOD DNA METHYLATION IN PARTICIPANTS WITH MEASURED LUNG FUNCTION (FEV1, FEV1/FVC RATIO) OR KNOWN COPD STATUS WERE SELECTED FOR FULL-TEXT REVIEW. SIX ARTICLES WERE SUITABLE FOR INCLUSION. INFORMATION REGARDING STUDY CHARACTERISTICS, DESIGNS, METHODOLOGIES AND CONCLUSIONS WAS EXTRACTED. A NARRATIVE SYNTHESIS WAS PERFORMED BASED ON PUBLISHED RESULTS. RESULTS: THREE OF THE SIX ARTICLES ASSESSED THE ASSOCIATION OF COPD WITH DNA METHYLATION, AND TWO OF THESE ALSO INCLUDED ASSOCIATIONS WITH LUNG FUNCTION. OVERALL, FIVE REPORTS EXAMINED THE ASSOCIATION OF LUNG FUNCTION WITH DNA METHYLATION PROFILES. FIVE OF THE SIX ARTICLES REPORTED 'SIGNIFICANT' RESULTS. HOWEVER, NO CONSISTENT CPG SITES WERE IDENTIFIED ACROSS STUDIES FOR COPD STATUS OR LUNG FUNCTION VALUES. CONCLUSIONS: DNA METHYLATION PATTERNS IN PERIPHERAL BLOOD FROM INDIVIDUALS WITH REDUCED LUNG FUNCTION OR COPD MAY BE DIFFERENT TO THOSE IN PEOPLE WITH NORMAL LUNG FUNCTION. HOWEVER, THIS SYSTEMATIC REVIEW DID NOT FIND ANY CONSISTENT ASSOCIATIONS OF LUNG FUNCTION OR COPD WITH DIFFERENTIALLY METHYLATED CPG SITES. LARGE STUDIES WITH A LONGITUDINAL DESIGN TO ADDRESS REVERSE CAUSALITY MAY PROVE A MORE FRUITFUL AREA OF RESEARCH. TRIAL REGISTRATION: PROSPERO 2016: CRD42016037352 .	2017	
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            
8  4825  39 OCULAR FUNDUS ABNORMALITIES IN PATIENTS WITH BALKAN ENDEMIC NEPHROPATHY AND OTHER CHRONIC KIDNEY DISEASES. AIM: THE AIM OF THIS STUDY WAS TO EXAMINE THE OCULAR FUNDUS PATHOLOGY IN PATIENTS WITH BALKAN ENDEMIC NEPHROPATHY (BN) AND CHRONIC KIDNEY DISEASES (CKD). METHODS: THE STUDY INCLUDED 51 PATIENTS WITH BN FROM THE SOUTH MORAVA RIVER REGION IN SERBIA, AND 102 SUBJECTS WITH DIFFERENT STAGES OF CHRONIC RENAL DISEASES, MATCHED ACCORDING TO AGE AND GENDER, OBTAINED FROM A DATABASE USED IN A RECENTLY PUBLISHED STUDY. ALL PATIENTS HAD VISITED OUTPATIENT DEPARTMENT OF THE CLINIC OF NEPHROLOGY, CLINICAL CENTER NIS. ALL PATIENTS UNDERWENT ROUTINE OPHTHALMIC EXAMINATIONS. RESULTS: THERE WERE SIGNIFICANTLY MORE (P < 0.001) PATIENTS WITH AGE-RELATED MACULAR DEGENERATION (AMD) IN THE GROUP WITH BN (31.37 %) THAN IN THOSE WITH CKD (5.88 %). MULTIVARIATE LOGISTIC REGRESSION ANALYSIS CONFIRMED THAT THE SIGNIFICANT FACTORS RELATED TO AMD IN THE GROUP WITH BN WERE ALBUMINURIA (P < 0.05) AND PROTEINURIA (P < 0.05); IN CKD PATIENTS, THE LEVEL OF HDL (P < 0.05), WHILE NEGATIVE CORRELATION WITH THE LEVEL OF TRIGLYCERIDE WAS REGISTERED (P < 0.05). THERE WAS NO ASSOCIATION BETWEEN ESTIMATED GLOMERULAR FILTRATION RATE AND AMD. THE SIGNIFICANT FACTORS RELATED TO RETINOPATHY IN THE GROUP WITH BN ARE AGE (P < 0.05) AND SERUM CREATININE VALUES (P < 0.05), IN PATIENTS WITH CKD INCREASING AGE (P < 0.001) AND DM (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION: OCULAR FUNDUS PATHOLOGY IN PATIENTS WITH BN IS SIMILAR TO THE PATHOLOGY OF OTHER CKD, BUT WITH SIGNIFICANTLY MORE AMD (ABOUT FOUR TIMES), PROBABLY RELATED TO THE GENETIC/EPIGENETIC FACTORS.	2015	
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        
9  2960  44 GENETIC AND EPIGENETIC MARKERS IN THE EVALUATION OF PANCREATIC MASSES. BACKGROUND: METHYLATION MARKERS HAVE SHOWN PROMISE IN THE EARLY DIAGNOSIS OF PANCREATIC CARCINOMA. THE AIM OF THIS STUDY WAS TO ASSESS THE DIAGNOSTIC UTILITY OF HYPERMETHYLATION STATUS OF CANDIDATE GENES IN COMBINATION WITH KRAS MUTATION DETECTION IN THE EVALUATION OF PANCREATIC MASSES. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN: SIXTY-ONE FINE NEEDLE ASPIRATES OF PANCREATIC MASSES (43 PANCREATIC ADENOCARCINOMAS AND 18 CHRONIC PANCREATITIS) WERE STUDIED. METHYLATION STATUS OF HRH2, EN1, SPARC, CDH13 AND APC WERE ANALYSED USING MELTING CURVE ANALYSIS AFTER DNA BISULFITE TREATMENT. KRAS MUTATIONS WERE ALSO ANALYSED. RESULTS: THE METHYLATION PANEL HAD A SENSITIVITY OF 73% (27 OF 37, CI 95% 56 TO 86%) AND A SPECIFICITY OF 100% WHENEVER TWO OR MORE PROMOTERS WERE FOUND HYPERMETHYLATED. KRAS MUTATIONS SHOWED A SENSITIVITY OF 77% (33 OF 43, CI 95% 62 TO 88%) AND A SPECIFICITY OF 100%. BOTH MOLECULAR ANALYSES ADDED USEFUL INFORMATION TO CYTOLOGY BY INCREASING THE NUMBER OF INFORMATIVE CASES. WHEN GENETIC AND EPIGENETIC ANALYSES WERE COMBINED SENSITIVITY WAS 84% (36 OF 43 CI 95% 69 TO 93%) MAINTAINING A 100% SPECIFICITY. CONCLUSIONS: ANALYSIS OF HYPERMETHYLATION STATUS OF A PANEL OF GENES AND KRAS MUTATION DETECTION OFFER A SIMILAR DIAGNOSTIC YIELD IN THE EVALUATION OF PANCREATIC MASSES. THE COMBINED MOLECULAR ANALYSIS INCREASES THE NUMBER OF INFORMATIVE CASES WITHOUT DIMINISHING SPECIFICITY.	2013	
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            
10  6112  46 THE EPIGENETIC CLOCK AS A PREDICTOR OF DISEASE AND MORTALITY RISK: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW AND META-ANALYSIS. BACKGROUND: AGEING IS ONE OF THE PRINCIPAL RISK FACTORS FOR MANY CHRONIC DISEASES. HOWEVER, THERE IS CONSIDERABLE BETWEEN-PERSON VARIATION IN THE RATE OF AGEING AND INDIVIDUAL DIFFERENCES IN THEIR SUSCEPTIBILITY TO DISEASE AND DEATH. EPIGENETIC MECHANISMS MAY PLAY A ROLE IN HUMAN AGEING, AND DNA METHYLATION AGE BIOMARKERS MAY BE GOOD PREDICTORS OF AGE-RELATED DISEASES AND MORTALITY RISK. THE AIMS OF THIS SYSTEMATIC REVIEW WERE TO IDENTIFY AND SYNTHESISE THE EVIDENCE FOR AN ASSOCIATION BETWEEN PERIPHERALLY MEASURED DNA METHYLATION AGE AND LONGEVITY, AGE-RELATED DISEASE, AND MORTALITY RISK. METHODS: A SYSTEMATIC SEARCH WAS CONDUCTED IN LINE WITH THE PREFERRED REPORTING ITEMS FOR SYSTEMATIC REVIEWS AND META-ANALYSES (PRISMA) GUIDELINES. USING RELEVANT SEARCH TERMS, MEDLINE, EMBASE, COCHRANE CENTRAL REGISTER OF CONTROLLED TRIALS, AND PSYCHINFO DATABASES WERE SEARCHED TO IDENTIFY ARTICLES MEETING THE INCLUSION CRITERIA. STUDIES WERE ASSESSED FOR BIAS USING JOANNA BRIGGS INSTITUTE CRITICAL APPRAISAL CHECKLISTS. DATA WAS EXTRACTED FROM STUDIES MEASURING AGE ACCELERATION AS A PREDICTOR OF AGE-RELATED DISEASES, MORTALITY OR LONGEVITY, AND THE FINDINGS FOR SIMILAR OUTCOMES COMPARED. USING REVIEW MANAGER 5.3 SOFTWARE, TWO META-ANALYSES (ONE PER EPIGENETIC CLOCK) WERE CONDUCTED ON STUDIES MEASURING ALL-CAUSE MORTALITY. RESULTS: TWENTY-THREE RELEVANT ARTICLES WERE IDENTIFIED, INCLUDING A TOTAL OF 41,607 PARTICIPANTS. FOUR STUDIES FOCUSED ON AGEING AND LONGEVITY, 11 ON AGE-RELATED DISEASE (CANCER, CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE, AND DEMENTIA), AND 11 ON MORTALITY. THERE WAS SOME, ALTHOUGH INCONSISTENT, EVIDENCE FOR AN ASSOCIATION BETWEEN INCREASED DNA METHYLATION AGE AND RISK OF DISEASE. META-ANALYSES INDICATED THAT EACH 5-YEAR INCREASE IN DNA METHYLATION AGE WAS ASSOCIATED AN 8 TO 15% INCREASED RISK OF MORTALITY. CONCLUSION: DUE TO THE SMALL NUMBER OF STUDIES AND HETEROGENEITY IN STUDY DESIGN AND OUTCOMES, THE ASSOCIATION BETWEEN DNA METHYLATION AGE AND AGE-RELATED DISEASE AND LONGEVITY IS INCONCLUSIVE. INCREASED EPIGENETIC AGE WAS ASSOCIATED WITH MORTALITY RISK, BUT POSITIVE PUBLICATION BIAS NEEDS TO BE CONSIDERED. FURTHER RESEARCH IS NEEDED TO DETERMINE THE EXTENT TO WHICH DNA METHYLATION AGE CAN BE USED AS A CLINICAL BIOMARKER.	2019	
                                                                      
11  1292  42 DECREASED BLOOD PRESSURE IS RELATED TO CHANGES IN NF-KB PROMOTER METHYLATION LEVELS AFTER BARIATRIC SURGERY. BACKGROUND: OBESITY IS CHARACTERIZED BY A CHRONIC, LOW-GRADE INFLAMMATION, AND BARIATRIC SURGERY IS PROPOSED AS AN EFFECTIVE TREATMENT FOR REDUCING THE OBESITY-RELATED CO-MORBIDITIES. EPIGENETIC MODIFICATIONS COULD BE INVOLVED IN THE METABOLIC IMPROVEMENT AFTER SURGERY. OBJECTIVE: THE MAIN AIM OF THIS STUDY WAS TO EVALUATE WHETHER DNA METHYLATION PATTERN FROM GENES RELATED TO INFLAMMATION AND INSULIN RESPONSE IS ASSOCIATED WITH THE METABOLIC IMPROVEMENT AFTER BARIATRIC SURGERY IN MORBIDLY OBESE PATIENTS AND IF THESE CHANGES DEPEND ON THE SURGICAL PROCEDURE. SETTING: UNIVERSITY HOSPITAL, SPAIN. METHODS: WE STUDIED 60 SEVERELY OBESE PATIENTS; 31 UNDERWENT ROUX-EN-Y GASTRIC BYPASS AND 29 UNDERWENT LAPAROSCOPIC SLEEVE GASTRECTOMY. ALL PATIENTS WERE EXAMINED BEFORE AND AT 6 MONTHS AFTER BARIATRIC SURGERY. DNA METHYLATION PROFILE OF GENES RELATED TO THE INFLAMMATORY RESPONSE AND INSULIN SENSITIVITY WAS MEASURED BY PYROSEQUENCING. RESULTS: THE PROMOTER METHYLATION LEVELS OF THE NFKB1 GENE WERE INCREASED SIGNIFICANTLY AFTER SURGERY (2.16 +/- .9 VERSUS 2.8 +/- 1.03). THE DECREASE IN BLOOD PRESSURE, BOTH SYSTOLIC AND DIASTOLIC, AFTER SURGERY WAS SIGNIFICANTLY ASSOCIATED WITH THE CHANGES IN THE PROMOTER METHYLATION LEVELS OF THE NFKB1 GENE (BETA = -.513, P = .003 AND BETA = -.543, P = .004, RESPECTIVELY). A DECREASE IN INFLAMMATION STATUS, MEASURED BY HIGH SENSITIVITY C-REACTIVE PROTEIN VALUES, WAS ASSOCIATED WITH CHANGES IN SLC19A1 METHYLATION LEVELS. CONCLUSION: OUR STUDY SHOWS FOR THE FIRST TIME AN ASSOCIATION BETWEEN NFKB1 METHYLATION LEVELS AND BLOOD PRESSURE AFTER BARIATRIC SURGERY, HIGHLIGHTING THE POSSIBLE FUNCTION OF THIS GENE IN THE REGULATION OF ARTERIAL PRESSURE. REGARDING SLC19A1, THIS GENE COULD POSITION AS A POTENTIAL TARGET LINKING INFLAMMATION AND INSULIN RESISTANCE.	2018	
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                 
12  1849  35 EIGHT WEEKS OF PHYSICAL TRAINING DECREASES 2 YEARS OF DNA METHYLATION AGE OF SEDENTARY WOMEN. PURPOSE: THE ACCELERATION OF EPIGENETIC AGE IS A PREDICTOR OF MORTALITY AND CONTRIBUTES TO THE INCREASE IN CHRONIC DISEASES. ADHERENCE TO A HEALTHY LIFESTYLE IS A STRATEGY TO REDUCE EPIGENETIC AGE. THE PRESENT STUDY AIMED TO DETERMINE WHETHER EIGHT WEEKS OF COMBINED (AEROBIC AND STRENGTH) TRAINING (CT) CAN INFLUENCE THE EPIGENETIC AGE OF WOMEN BETWEEN 50 AND 70 YEARS OLD AND THE DIFFERENCES IN SITES AND METHYLATED REGIONS. METHODS: EIGHTEEN WOMEN (AAR(LOW): LOWER AGE ACCELERATION RESIDUAL, N = 10; AAR(HIGH): HIGHER AGE ACCELERATION RESIDUAL, N = 8) PARTICIPATED IN A COMBINED EXERCISE TRAINING PROGRAM (60 MINUTES, 3X A WEEK) FOR EIGHT WEEKS. DNA WAS EXTRACTED FROM WHOLE BLOOD USING THE SALTING OUT TECHNIQUE. DNA METHYLATION WAS PERFORMED USING THE ARRAY TECHNIQUE (ILLUMINA'S INFINIUM METHYLATION BEADCHIP 850K). WE USED THE DNA METHYLATION AGE CALCULATOR PLATFORM TO CALCULATE THE BIOLOGICAL EPIGENETIC AGE. TWO-WAY ANOVA FOLLOWED BY FISHER LSD POSTHOC WAS APPLIED, ADOPTING P < .05. RESULTS: AFTER EIGHT WEEKS OF CT, THERE WERE NO CHANGES TO THE EPIGENETIC AGE ACCELERATION FOR THE AAR(LOW) GROUP (PRE: -2.3 +/- 3.2 TO POST: -2.3 +/- 3.6). HOWEVER, THE AAR(HIGH) GROUP SIGNIFICANTLY DECREASED THE AGE ACCELERATION (PRE: 3.6 +/- 2.6 TO POST: 2.2 +/- 2.7) (GROUP EFFECT, P = .01; TIME EFFECT, P = .31; GROUP VS. TIME EFFECT, P = .005). CONCLUSION: CT FOR EIGHT WEEKS BENEFITS THE EPIGENETIC CLOCK OF WOMEN WITH THE MOST ACCELERATED AGE.	2023	
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      
13  1805  36 EFFECT OF SMOKING ON THE DNA METHYLATION PATTERN OF THE SOCS1 PROMOTER IN EPITHELIAL CELLS FROM THE SALIVA OF PATIENTS WITH CHRONIC PERIODONTITIS. BACKGROUND: THE AIM OF THE PRESENT STUDY WAS TO EVALUATE THE METHYLATION PATTERN IN THE SUPPRESSOR OF CYTOKINE SIGNALING 1 (SOCS1) GENE IN SMOKERS AND NON-SMOKERS WITH CHRONIC PERIODONTITIS (CP). METHODS: METHYLATION-SPECIFIC POLYMERASE CHAIN REACTION (PCR) WAS PERFORMED TO DETERMINE THE METHYLATION STATUS OF THE SOCS1 PROMOTER IN 45 SALIVA SAMPLES FROM SMOKERS AND NON-SMOKERS WITH CP. RESULTS: CELLS FROM THE SALIVA OF CP PATIENTS WHO SMOKED WERE 7.08 TIMES MORE LIKELY TO HAVE A METHYLATED SOCS1 PROMOTER THAN CELLS FROM THE SALIVA OF NON-SMOKING PATIENTS. CONCLUSIONS: SOCS1 GENE PROMOTER METHYLATION, WITH ITS POTENTIAL EFFECTS ON THE EXPRESSION OF THIS GENE, SEEMS TO BE A CONSEQUENCE OF EXPOSURE TO TOBACCO AND NOT TO PERIODONTAL DISEASE. FURTHER STUDIES ARE NEEDED TO ELUCIDATE THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN THE EPIGENETIC CONTROL OF IMMUNE RESPONSE GENE EXPRESSION, EXPOSURE TO ENVIRONMENTAL FACTORS, AND THE DEVELOPMENT, PROGRESSION, AND PROGNOSIS OF CP.	2019	
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                     
14  1537  33 DNA METHYLATION IN ADOLESCENTS WITH ANXIETY DISORDER: A LONGITUDINAL STUDY. ANXIETY DISORDERS (AD) TYPICALLY MANIFEST IN CHILDREN AND ADOLESCENTS AND MIGHT PERSIST INTO ADULTHOOD. HOWEVER, THERE ARE STILL FEW DATA CONCERNING EPIGENETIC MECHANISMS ASSOCIATED WITH ONSET, PERSISTENCE OR REMISSION OF AD OVER TIME. WE INVESTIGATED A COHORT OF ADOLESCENTS AND YOUNG ADULTS AT BASELINE (AGE; 13.19 +/- 2.38) AND AFTER 5 YEARS AND CLASSIFIED THEM ACCORDING TO THE AD DIAGNOSIS AND THEIR LONGITUDINAL TRAJECTORIES INTO 4 GROUPS: (1) TYPICALLY DEVELOPING COMPARISONS (TDC; CONTROL GROUP, N = 14); (2) INCIDENT (AD IN THE SECOND EVALUATION ONLY, N = 11); (3) PERSISTENT (AD IN BOTH EVALUATIONS, N = 14) AND (4) REMITTENT (AD IN THE FIRST EVALUATION ONLY, N = 8). DNA METHYLATION WAS EVALUATED WITH THE INFINIUM HUMANMETHYLATION450 BEADCHIP FROM SALIVA SAMPLES COLLECTED AT BOTH EVALUATIONS. GENE SET ENRICHMENT ANALYSIS WAS APPLIED TO CONSIDER BIOLOGICAL PATHWAYS. WE FOUND DECREASED DNA METHYLATION IN TDC GROUP WHILE THE CHRONIC CASES OF AD PRESENTED HYPERMETHYLATION IN CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM DEVELOPMENT PATHWAYS. MOREOVER, WE SHOWED THAT THIS PERSISTENT GROUP ALSO PRESENTED HYPERMETHYLATION WHILE THE OTHER THREE GROUPS WERE ASSOCIATED WITH HYPOMETHYLATION IN NERVOUS SYSTEM DEVELOPMENT PATHWAY. INCIDENCE AND REMISSION GROUPS WERE ASSOCIATED WITH INCREASED AND DECREASED METHYLATION IN NEURON DEVELOPMENT PATHWAYS, RESPECTIVELY. LARGER STUDIES ARE LIKELY TO DETECT SPECIFIC GENES RELEVANT TO AD.	2018	
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    
15  3850  31 IS GENDER A FACTOR AFFECTING LONG-TERM HETEROTOPIC OSSIFICATION INCIDENCE AFTER SINGLE-LEVEL CERVICAL DISC ARTHROPLASTY? BACKGROUND: CERVICAL DISC DISEASES HAVE BEEN TREATED BY CERVICAL DISC ARTHROPLASTY (CDA). NEVERTHELESS, SOME PATIENTS WILL EXPERIENCE A MOBILITY FAILURE IN THEIR CERVICAL PROSTHESES OVER TIME BECAUSE OF HETEROTOPIC OSSIFICATION. THE AIM OF THIS STUDY WAS TO INVESTIGATE THE ROLE OF GENDER IN LONG-TERM OUTCOMES AFTER CDA. METHODS: A RETROSPECTIVE, SINGLE-CENTER STUDY OF PATIENTS WHO UNDERWENT SINGLE-LEVEL CDA WITH A BRYAN CERVICAL DISC PROSTHESIS WAS PERFORMED, INCLUDING A NARRATIVE REVIEW ABOUT GENDER DIFFERENCES IN BOTH STRUCTURAL AND BIOMECHANICAL FEATURES OF THE CERVICAL SPINE. RESULTS: STUDY PATIENTS (14 MEN, 30 WOMEN) HAD AN AVERAGE FOLLOW-UP OF 9.8 +/- 3.2 YEARS. SIGNIFICANT DIFFERENCES EMERGED BETWEEN GENDERS FOR SPECIFIC ITEMS IN NECK DISABILITY INDEX PREOPERATIVE EVALUATION, WITH WOMEN REPORTING WORSE PAIN SCORES (P = 0.05). AFTER STRATIFICATION BY AGE, WE FOUND A HIGHER PREOPERATIVE OVERALL NECK DISABILITY INDEX SCORE FOR FEMALE PATIENTS <36 YEARS OF AGE (P = 0.03). IN AN INTERGENDER, BODY MASS INDEX-SPECIFIC COMPARISON, WE ALSO FOUND A SIGNIFICANT DIFFERENCE IN NECK DISABILITY INDEX PREOPERATIVE SCORE WITH NORMAL-WEIGHT MALE PATIENTS FARING WORSE THAN OVERWEIGHT MALE PATIENTS (P = 0.05). AT A RADIOLOGICAL LEVEL, WE FOUND A TENDENCY TOWARD A HIGHER HETEROTOPIC OSSIFICATION INCIDENCE IN MALE PATIENTS (62% IN MEN, 17% IN WOMEN, P = 0.06). THE FEMALE CERVICAL SPINE HAS DISTINCTIVE FEATURES, INCLUDING BONE STRUCTURE, MUSCULAR ACTION, SOFT TISSUE RESPONSE, AND GENETIC AND EPIGENETIC RESPONSE TO OSTEOARTHRITIS. CONCLUSIONS: THE INCIDENCE OF MOBILITY FAILURE IN OUR SERIES OF SINGLE-LEVEL CDA WAS LOWER IN FEMALE PATIENTS. SEVERAL GENDER-SPECIFIC FACTORS BOTH IN STATIC AND IN DYNAMIC FEATURES MAY PLAY A SIGNIFICANT ROLE IN SPINAL PATHOLOGY AND CDA LONG-TERM RADIOLOGICAL OUTCOME.	2022	
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                               
16  1444  44 DIFFERENTIALLY HYPOMETHYLATED CELL-FREE DNA AND CORONARY COLLATERAL CIRCULATION. BACKGROUND: THE FACTORS AFFECTING CARDIOPROTECTIVE COLLATERAL CIRCULATION ARE STILL INCOMPLETELY UNDERSTOOD. RECENTLY, CHARACTERISTICS, SUCH AS CPG METHYLATION OF CELL-FREE DNA (CFDNA), HAVE BEEN REPORTED AS MARKERS WITH CLINICAL UTILITY. THE AIM OF THIS STUDY WAS TO EVALUATE WHETHER CFDNA METHYLATION PATTERNS ARE ASSOCIATED WITH THE GRADE OF CORONARY COLLATERAL CIRCULATION (CCC). RESULT: IN THIS CASE-CONTROL STUDY, CLINICAL AND ANGIOGRAPHIC DATA WERE OBTAINED FROM 143 PATIENTS (MEAN AGE, 58 YEARS, MALE 71%) WITH CHRONIC TOTAL CORONARY OCCLUSION. ENZYMATIC METHYL-SEQUENCING (EM-SEQ) LIBRARIES WERE PREPARED USING THE CFDNA EXTRACTED FROM THE PLASMA. DATA WERE PROCESSED TO OBTAIN THE AVERAGE METHYLATION FRACTION (AMF) TABLES OF GENOMIC REGIONS FROM WHICH BLACKLISTED REGIONS WERE REMOVED. UNSUPERVISED ANALYSIS OF THE OBTAINED AMF VALUES SHOWED THAT SOME OF THE CHANGES IN METHYLATION WERE DUE TO CCC. THROUGH RANDOM FOREST PREPARATION PROCESS, 256 DIFFERENTIALLY METHYLATED REGION (DMR) CANDIDATES SHOWING STRONG ASSOCIATION WITH CCC WERE SELECTED. A RANDOM FOREST CLASSIFIER WAS THEN CONSTRUCTED, AND THE AREA UNDER THE CURVE OF THE RECEIVER OPERATING CHARACTERISTIC CURVE INDICATED AN APPROPRIATE PREDICTIVE FUNCTION FOR CCC. FINALLY, 20 DMRS WERE IDENTIFIED TO HAVE SIGNIFICANTLY DIFFERENT AMF VALUES BETWEEN THE GOOD AND POOR CCC GROUPS. PARTICULARLY, THE GOOD CCC GROUP EXHIBITED HYPOMETHYLATED DMRS. PATHWAY ANALYSIS REVEALED FIVE PATHWAYS, INCLUDING TGF-BETA SIGNALING, TO BE ASSOCIATED WITH GOOD CCC. CONCLUSION: THESE DATA HAVE DEMONSTRATED THAT DIFFERENTIAL HYPOMETHYLATION WAS IDENTIFIED IN DOZENS OF CFDNA REGIONS IN PATIENTS WITH GOOD CCC. OUR RESULTS SUPPORT THE CLINICAL UTILITY OF NONINVASIVELY OBTAINED EPIGENETIC SIGNATURES FOR PREDICTING COLLATERAL CIRCULATION IN PATIENTS WITH VASCULAR DISEASES.	2022	
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        
17  6311  36 THE RELATION BETWEEN DNA METHYLATION PATTERNS AND SERUM CYTOKINE LEVELS IN COMMUNITY-DWELLING ADULTS: A PRELIMINARY STUDY. BACKGROUND: THE LEVELS OF CIRCULATING CYTOKINES FLUCTUATE WITH AGE, ACUTE ILLNESS, AND CHRONIC DISEASE, AND ARE PREDICTIVE OF MORTALITY; THIS IS ALSO TRUE FOR PATTERNS OF DNA (CPG) METHYLATION. GIVEN THAT IMMUNE CELLS ARE PARTICULARLY SENSITIVE TO CHANGES IN THE CONCENTRATION OF CYTOKINES IN THEIR MICROENVIRONMENT, WE HYPOTHESIZED THAT SERUM LEVELS OF TNF, IL-6, IL-8 AND IL-10 WOULD CORRELATE WITH GENOME-WIDE ALTERATIONS IN THE DNA METHYLATION LEVELS OF BLOOD LEUKOCYTES. TO TEST THIS, WE EVALUATED COMMUNITY-DWELLING ADULTS (N = 14; 48-78 YEARS OLD) RECRUITED TO A PILOT STUDY FOR THE CANADIAN LONGITUDINAL STUDY ON AGING (CLSA), EXAMINING DNA METHYLATION PATTERNS IN PERIPHERAL BLOOD MONONUCLEAR CELLS USING THE ILLUMINA HUMANMETHYLATION 450 K BEADCHIP. RESULTS: WE SHOW THAT, APART FROM AGE, SERUM IL-10 LEVELS EXHIBITED THE MOST SUBSTANTIAL ASSOCIATION TO DNA METHYLATION PATTERNS, FOLLOWED BY TNF, IL-6 AND IL-8. FURTHERMORE, WHILE THE LEVELS OF THESE CYTOKINES WERE HIGHER IN ELDERLY ADULTS, NO ASSOCIATIONS WITH EPIGENETIC ACCELERATED AGING, DERIVED USING THE EPIGENETIC CLOCK, WERE OBSERVED. CONCLUSIONS: AS A PRELIMINARY STUDY WITH A SMALL SAMPLE SIZE, THE CONCLUSIONS DRAWN FROM THIS WORK MUST BE VIEWED WITH CAUTION; HOWEVER, OUR OBSERVATIONS ARE ENCOURAGING AND CERTAINLY WARRANT MORE SUITABLY POWERED STUDIES OF THIS RELATIONSHIP.	2017	
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                           
18  5957  39 TELOMERE LENGTH AND EPIGENETIC AGE ACCELERATION IN ADOLESCENTS WITH ANXIETY DISORDERS. EVIDENCE ON THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN GENETICS AND MENTAL HEALTH ARE FLOURISHING. HOWEVER, FEW STUDIES ARE EVALUATING EARLY BIOMARKERS THAT MIGHT LINK GENES, ENVIRONMENT, AND PSYCHOPATHOLOGY. WE AIMED TO STUDY TELOMERE LENGTH (TL) AND EPIGENETIC AGE ACCELERATION (AA) IN A COHORT OF ADOLESCENTS WITH AND WITHOUT ANXIETY DISORDERS (N = 234). WE EVALUATED A REPRESENTATIVE SUBSAMPLE OF PARTICIPANTS AT BASELINE AND AFTER 5 YEARS (N = 76) AND CATEGORIZED THEM ACCORDING TO THEIR ANXIETY DISORDER DIAGNOSIS AT BOTH TIME POINTS: (1) CONTROL GROUP (NO ANXIETY DISORDER, N = 18), (2) VARIABLE GROUP (ANXIETY DISORDER IN ONE EVALUATION, N = 38), AND (3) PERSISTENT GROUP (ANXIETY DISORDER AT BOTH TIME POINTS, N = 20). WE ASSESSED RELATIVE MEAN TL BY REAL-TIME QUANTITATIVE PCR AND DNA METHYLATION BY INFINIUM HUMANMETHYLATION450 BEADCHIP. WE CALCULATED AA USING THE HORVATH AGE ESTIMATION ALGORITHM AND ANALYZED DIFFERENCES AMONG GROUPS USING GENERALIZED LINEAR MIXED MODELS. THE PERSISTENT GROUP OF ANXIETY DISORDER DID NOT CHANGE TL OVER TIME (P = 0.495). THE VARIABLE GROUP HAD HIGHER BASELINE TL (P = 0.003) BUT NO ACCELERATED TL EROSION IN COMPARISON TO THE NON-ANXIETY CONTROL GROUP (P = 0.053). FURTHERMORE, THERE WERE NO DIFFERENCES IN AA AMONG GROUPS OVER TIME. OUR FINDINGS SUGGEST THAT ADOLESCENTS WITH CHRONIC ANXIETY DID NOT CHANGE TELOMERE LENGTH OVER TIME, WHICH COULD BE RELATED TO A DELAY IN NEURONAL DEVELOPMENT IN THIS PERIOD OF LIFE.	2021	
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                             
19  6418  41 THE TEMPORAL EXPRESSION OF CIRCULATING MICRORNAS AFTER ACUTE EXPERIMENTAL PAIN IN HUMANS. BACKGROUND: MICRORNAS (MIRNAS) CAN MODULATE SEVERAL BIOLOGICAL SYSTEMS, INCLUDING THE PAIN SYSTEM. THIS STUDY AIMED TO EVALUATE THE TEMPORAL EXPRESSION OF CIRCULATING MIRNAS IN THE PLASMA OF HEALTHY VOLUNTEERS AS A MARKER FOR EPIGENETIC CHANGES BEFORE AND AFTER AN ACUTE, EXPERIMENTAL, PAIN PROVOCATION BY INTRAMUSCULAR HYPERTONIC SALINE INJECTION. METHODS: TWENTY VOLUNTEERS WERE RANDOMLY ALLOCATED INTO TWO GROUPS AND RECEIVED EITHER HYPERTONIC (PAIN) OR ISOTONIC (CONTROL) SALINE INJECTION IN THE FIRST DORSAL INTEROSSEOUS MUSCLE OF THEIR DOMINANT HAND. PAIN INTENSITY WAS CONTINUOUSLY RECORDED FOR 20 MINUTES AFTER INJECTION ON A VAS SCALE FROM 0 TO 100 (0 INDICATES NO PAIN AND 100 THE WORST IMAGINABLE PAIN). BLOOD SAMPLES WERE TAKEN AT BASELINE, 30 MINUTES, 3 HOURS, AND 24 HOURS POST-INJECTION, AND PLASMA WAS SEPARATED. MIRNA EXTRACTS WERE USED FOR RNA SEQUENCING WITH THE ILLUMINA NEXTSEQ PLATFORM. MIRNA TRANSCRIPTS WERE COMPARED BETWEEN THE PAIN AND THE NO-PAIN, CONTROL GROUP AT EVERY TIME POINT. SIGNIFICANT DIFFERENCES WERE CONSIDERED WHEN FOLDS WERE >2 AND THE FALSE DISCOVERY RATE WAS P < 0.05. RESULTS: AFTER 30 MINUTES, 4 MIRNAS WERE SIGNIFICANTLY ALTERED IN THE PAIN GROUP COMPARED TO CONTROLS, WHICH INCREASED TO 24 AFTER 3 HOURS AND TO 42 AFTER 24 HOURS FROM BASELINE (P < 0.0001). TWO MIRNAS WERE CONSISTENTLY UPREGULATED THROUGHOUT THE EXPERIMENT. ENRICHMENT ANALYSIS SHOWED SIGNIFICANT MIRNAS INVOLVED IN BRAIN PERCEPTION OF PAIN, BRAIN SIGNALLING AND RESPONSE TO STIMULI. CONCLUSIONS: THIS EXPLORATORY STUDY IS THE FIRST TO REPORT ON THE TEMPORAL EXPRESSION OF CIRCULATING MIRNAS AFTER AN ACUTE, HUMAN EXPERIMENTAL MUSCLE PAIN MODEL. SIGNIFICANCE: THIS EXPLORATORY STUDY EVALUATED THE TEMPORAL PROFILE OF CIRCULATING MIRNAS IN THE PLASMA OF HEALTHY SUBJECTS AFTER ACUTE EXPERIMENTAL PAIN. SEVERAL MIRNAS WERE ALTERED IN SUBJECTS AT THE TIMES OF FOLLOW-UP AFTER THE ACUTE PAIN MODEL WHEN COMPARED TO CONTROLS. MIRNAS PREVIOUSLY ASSOCIATED WITH PAIN PROCESSES WERE ALTERED IN THE PAIN GROUP. OUR RESULTS, BY SHOWING THE FAST AND PROLONGED MODIFICATIONS OF MIRNA ELICITED BY THE ACUTE EXPERIMENTAL PAIN MODEL, ADD NEW PERSPECTIVES TO THE TOPIC OF EPIGENETICS AND PAIN.	2023	
                                                                                                                                                
20   524  37 ASSOCIATIONS OF BDNF GENOTYPE AND PROMOTER METHYLATION WITH ACUTE AND LONG-TERM STROKE OUTCOMES IN AN EAST ASIAN COHORT. BACKGROUND: BRAIN DERIVED NEUROTROPHIC FACTOR (BDNF) HAS BEEN SHOWN TO PLAY AN IMPORTANT ROLE IN POSTSTROKE RECOVERY. BDNF SECRETION IS INFLUENCED BY GENETIC AND EPIGENETIC PROFILES. THIS STUDY AIMED TO INVESTIGATE WHETHER BDNF VAL66MET POLYMORPHISM AND PROMOTER METHYLATION STATUS WERE ASSOCIATED WITH OUTCOMES AT TWO WEEKS AND ONE YEAR AFTER STROKE. METHODS AND FINDINGS: A TOTAL OF 286 PATIENTS WERE EVALUATED AT THE TIME OF ADMISSION AND TWO WEEKS AFTER STROKE, AND 222 (78%) WERE FOLLOWED ONE YEAR LATER IN ORDER TO EVALUATE CONSEQUENCES OF STROKE AT BOTH ACUTE AND CHRONIC STAGES. STROKE OUTCOMES WERE DICHOTOMISED INTO GOOD AND POOR BY THE MODIFIED RANKIN SCALE. STROKE SEVERITY (NATIONAL INSTITUTES OF HEALTH STROKE SCALE), PHYSICAL DISABILITY (BARTHEL INDEX), AND COGNITIVE FUNCTION (MINI-MENTAL STATE EXAMINATION) WERE MEASURED. ASSOCIATIONS OF BDNF GENOTYPE AND METHYLATION STATUS ON STROKE OUTCOMES AND ASSESSMENT SCALE SCORES WERE INVESTIGATED USING LOGISTIC REGRESSION, REPEATED MEASURES ANOVA AND PARTIAL CORRELATION TESTS. BDNF VAL66MET POLYMORPHISM WAS INDEPENDENTLY ASSOCIATED WITH POOR OUTCOME AT 2 WEEKS AND AT 1 YEAR, AND WITH WORSENING PHYSICAL DISABILITY AND COGNITIVE FUNCTION OVER THAT PERIOD. HIGHER BDNF PROMOTER METHYLATION STATUS WAS INDEPENDENTLY ASSOCIATED WITH WORSE OUTCOMES AT 1 YEAR, AND WITH THE WORSENING OF PHYSICAL DISABILITY AND COGNITIVE FUNCTION. NO SIGNIFICANT GENOTYPE-METHYLATION INTERACTIONS WERE FOUND. CONCLUSIONS: A ROLE FOR BDNF IN POSTSTROKE RECOVERY WAS SUPPORTED, AND CLINICAL UTILITY OF BDNF GENETIC AND EPIGENETIC PROFILE AS PROGNOSTIC BIOMARKERS AND A TARGET FOR DRUG DEVELOPMENT WAS SUGGESTED.	2012