1  6878 148 [REGIONAL EXPERIENCE OF A COMPREHENSIVE DYNAMIC ASSESSMENT OF THE ADOLESCENTS' HEALTH STATUS WITH POST-COVID-19 SYNDROME DURING AFTERCARE IN A SANATORIUM]. OBJECTIVE: TO DETERMINE THE CHARACTERISTICS OF SANATORIUM-RESORT THERAPY IMPACT ON CHILDREN WITH POST-COVID-19 SYNDROME OF VARIOUS SEVERITY, AS WELL AS TO REVEAL ASSOCIATION OF ITS SEVERITY WITH FAMILY HISTORY DATA AND GENETIC POLYMORPHISMS OF ALPHA-1-ANTITRYPSIN-SERPIN-1 COMPLEX. MATERIAL AND METHODS: THIS 2-WEEK RETROSPECTIVE COHORT STUDY INVOLVED 42 ADOLESCENTS AFTER NEW CORONAVIRUS INFECTION (COVID-19). THE FIRST GROUP INCLUDED 28 (67%) PATIENTS (MEAN AGE 13.1+/-0.8 YEARS) AFTER MILD COVID-19 (WITHOUT CONFIRMED CORONAVIRUS PNEUMONIA), THE SECOND GROUP - 14 (33%) PATIENTS (MEAN AGE 14.5+/-0.1.2 YEARS) AFTER MODERATE OR SEVERE DISEASE (WITH CONFIRMED CORONAVIRUS PNEUMONIA). A COMPLEX OF PROCEDURES, ACCORDING TO THE APPROVED STANDARD, WAS PRESCRIBED FOR ALL PATIENTS ADMITTED AFTER OUTPATIENT AND HOSPITAL TREATMENT TO THE PULMONOLOGY DEPARTMENT OF THE STATE CHILDREN'S SANATORIUM IN ORDER TO AFTERCARE. THE CERTAIN FOLLOW-UP PARAMETERS WERE EVALUATED: SYMPTOMS SEVERITY, LIFE QUALITY, RESPIRATORY FUNCTION AND RESPIRATORY GASES, AS WELL AS FAMILY MEDICAL HISTORY AND ALPHA-1-ANTITRYPSIN-SERPIN-1 COMPLEX. RESULTS: PATIENTS AFTER MODERATE AND SEVERE COVID-19 HAD INITIALLY LOWER AND LESS DYNAMIC GROWTH OF INTEGRAL LIFE QUALITY INDEX, MORE TORPID FOLLOW-UP RATES OF SPIROMETRY, PULSE OXIMETRY AND EXHALED GASES. ADDITIONALLY, THE HIGHER INCIDENCE DEGREE OF ADVERSE FAMILY MEDICAL HISTORY ASSOCIATED WITH RESPIRATORY ILLNESSES WAS ESTABLISHED IN THE GROUP AFTER NEW CORONAVIRUS INFECTION. MOREOVER, RELATIVELY MORE DEFICIENT ALPHA-1-ANTITRYPSIN AND MORE FREQUENT HETEROZYGOUS POLYMORPHISM TYPE OF SERPIN-1 WERE FOUND IN THE GROUP AFTER SEVERE NEW CORONAVIRUS INFECTION. CONCLUSION: THE REVEALED COMPLEX OF EPIGENETIC AND GENETIC FACTORS MAY INDICATE VARIOUS RISK AND DEVELOPMENT PHENOTYPES OF BOTH ACUTE AND CHRONIC RESPIRATORY DISEASES.	2023	
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    
2  5072  24 PHYSICAL EXERCISE POSITIVELY INFLUENCES BREAST CANCER EVOLUTION. BREAST CANCER IS ONE OF THE MOST COMMONLY DIAGNOSED TYPES OF CANCER IN WOMEN. ITS PATHOGENESIS INVOLVES GENETIC, HORMONAL, AND ENVIRONMENTAL FACTORS. A LARGE BODY OF EVIDENCE INDICATES THAT PHYSICAL ACTIVITY HAS POSITIVE EFFECTS ON EVERY ASPECT OF BREAST CANCER EVOLUTION, INCLUDING PREVENTION, MEDICAL TREATMENT, AND AFTERCARE CLINICAL SETTINGS. THUS, DIFFERENT TYPES OF EXERCISE CAN INFLUENCE THE PREVENTION AND PROGRESSION OF THE DISEASE THROUGH SEVERAL COMMON MECHANISMS, SUCH AS REDUCTION OF INSULIN RESISTANCE AND IMPROVEMENT OF IMMUNITY AND CARDIOVASCULAR FUNCTION. FURTHERMORE, ACUTE AND CHRONIC SYMPTOMS OF BREAST CANCER, SUCH AS CACHEXIA, MUSCLE MASS LOSS, FATIGUE, CARDIOTOXICITY, WEIGHT GAIN, HORMONE ALTERATIONS, BONE LOSS, AND PSYCHOLOGIC ADVERSE EFFECTS, MAY ALL BE FAVORABLY INFLUENCED BY REGULAR EXERCISE. WE REVIEW THE RELATION OF INTENSITY AND DURATION OF EXERCISE WITH POTENTIAL PATHOPHYSIOLOGIC PATHWAYS, INCLUDING OBESITY-RELATED HORMONES AND SEX STEROID HORMONE PRODUCTION, OXIDATIVE STRESS, EPIGENETIC ALTERATIONS SUCH AS DNA HYPOMETHYLATION, AND CHANGES IN TELOMERE LENGTH, WITHIN THE CONTEXT OF THE BENEFICIAL EFFECTS OF EXERCISE. THE POTENTIAL ROLE OF EXERCISE IN REDUCING THE INTENSITY OF THE ADVERSE EFFECTS THAT RESULT FROM BREAST CANCER AND ANTICANCER TREATMENT IS ALSO DISCUSSED.	2017	
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       
3   646  37 BIRTH MODE AND INFECTIOUS MORBIDITY RISKS IN QOM CHILDREN OF ARGENTINA. OBJECTIVES: CESAREAN DELIVERY MAY INCREASE CHILDHOOD INFECTIOUS MORBIDITY RISKS VIA ALTERED BIRTH EXPOSURES AND SUBSEQUENT IMMUNE, MICROBIAL, AND EPIGENETIC DEVELOPMENT. MANY LATIN AMERICAN INDIGENOUS POPULATIONS EXPERIENCE DUAL BURDENS OF INFECTIOUS AND CHRONIC DISEASES, AND ARE PARTICULARLY VULNERABLE TO RISING RATES OF CESAREAN DELIVERY AND ASSOCIATED ADVERSE OUTCOMES. THE QOM/TOBA ARE AN INDIGENOUS POPULATION IN ARGENTINA EXPERIENCING RAPID LIFESTYLE TRANSITIONS. WE HYPOTHESIZED THAT CESAREAN DELIVERY WOULD BE ASSOCIATED WITH INCREASED RISK OF INFECTIOUS SYMPTOMS IN QOM CHILDREN AFTER ADJUSTING FOR GESTATIONAL AND NUTRITIONAL FACTORS. METHODS: WE CONDUCTED A SECONDARY ANALYSIS OF BIRTH RECORDS AND MONTHLY ANTHROPOMETRIC AND ILLNESS DATA COLLECTED PREVIOUSLY FROM 90 QOM CHILDREN (AGED 1-55 MONTHS). WE TESTED FOR ADDITIVE EFFECTS OF BIRTH MODE ON RISK OF GASTROINTESTINAL (GI) AND RESPIRATORY ILLNESS (RI) IN MIXED-EFFECTS LOGISTIC REGRESSION MODELS ADJUSTING FOR CHILD WEIGHT-FOR-AGE (WAZ), WEANING, AND GESTATIONAL AND MATERNAL AGE. RESULTS: CESAREAN DELIVERIES ACCOUNTED FOR 46% OF BIRTHS AND WERE ASSOCIATED WITH MATERNAL AGE < 20 AND >/= 30 YEARS, GESTATIONAL AGE < 39 WEEKS, AND PRENATAL COMPLICATIONS. GI AND RI RISKS WERE REDUCED IN ASSOCIATION WITH CESAREAN DELIVERY, GREATER WAZ, WEANING, MATERNAL AGE >/= 30 YEARS, AND GESTATIONAL AGE < 39 WEEKS. CONCLUSIONS: THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN CESAREAN DELIVERY AND REDUCED INFECTIOUS RISKS MAY REFLECT STATISTICAL CONFOUNDING WITH RELATIVELY RAPID POSTNATAL GROWTH AND GREATER ADIPOSITY. POSTNATAL GROWTH TRAJECTORIES MAY BE IMPORTANT MEDIATORS OF LONG-TERM MORBIDITY RISKS ASSOCIATED WITH CESAREAN DELIVERY. THE FREQUENCY OF CESAREAN DELIVERIES AMONG THE QOM REMAINS CONCERNING GIVEN TRADITIONALLY HIGH RATES OF FERTILITY AND ADOLESCENT PREGNANCY.	2019	
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        
4     5  35 "THE MOTHERS HAVE EATEN UNRIPE GRAPES AND THE CHILDREN'S TEETH ARE SET ON EDGE": THE POTENTIAL INTER-GENERATIONAL EFFECTS OF THE HOLOCAUST ON CHRONIC MORBIDITY IN HOLOCAUST SURVIVORS' OFFSPRING. MODERN EPIDEMIOLOGY HAS EVOLVED IN THE LAST DECADES FROM THE SIMPLIFIED "CAUSE-EFFECT" PARADIGM TO A MULTI-FACTORIAL FRAMEWORK OF CAUSALITY. THE CONCEPT OF "FETAL ORIGIN OF ADULT DISEASES" (FOAD) IS A GOOD EXAMPLE: IT SUGGESTS THAT PRECONCEPTION CIRCUMSTANCES AND FETAL EXPOSURES AS WELL AS INFANCY AND EARLY CHILDHOOD EXPERIENCES MAY EVENTUALLY CHANGE AN INDIVIDUAL'S SUSCEPTIBILITY TO ADULT MORBIDITY THROUGH FETAL PROGRAMMING AND EPIGENETIC CHANGES. THE FOAD CONCEPT WAS SUPPORTED, BETWEEN OTHERS, BY WELL-DESIGNED COHORT STUDIES CARRIED OUT ON NON-JEWISH WORLD WAR II (WWII) SURVIVORS, EXPOSED TO HUNGER DURING THE WAR YEARS. HOWEVER, DATA ON LATE PHYSICAL MORBIDITY OF JEWISH WWII SURVIVORS ARE STILL SCARCE.THE CURRENT PAPER PRESENTS SOME COHORTS ADDRESSING THE FOAD HYPOTHESIS IN RELATION TO THE LONG-TERM IMPACT OF EARLY EXPOSURES TO HUNGER AND THEIR MAIN RESULTS. IT STRESSES THE NEED FOR THE ESTABLISHING OF A SIMILAR COHORT IN ISRAEL, IN ORDER TO STUDY THE LONG-TERM EFFECTS OF THE HOLOCAUST ON THE HEALTH OF HOLOCAUST CHILD SURVIVORS AND ON THAT OF THE "SECOND" AND "THIRD" GENERATIONS. A FRAMEWORK FOR SUCH A COHORT IN ISRAEL IS ALSO PROPOSED.ESTABLISHING A COHORT OF THIS CHARACTER IN ISRAEL SHOULD BE A NATIONAL PRIORITY AND POLICY. FIRST, TAKING SPECIAL CARE OF HOLOCAUST SURVIVORS IS A SOMEWHAT NEGLECTED NATIONAL OBLIGATION. SECOND, IF THE POPULATION OF HOLOCAUST SURVIVORS AND THEIR OFFSPRING IS INDEED A HIGH RISK GROUP FOR LATE CHRONIC MORBIDITY, HIGHER AWARENESS MAY LEAD TO BETTER PRIMARY PREVENTION AND TO TAILORED SECONDARY PREVENTION PROGRAMS. THIRD, THE POPULATION AT STACK IS UNIQUE AND ITS CONTRIBUTION TO THE CONSOLIDATION OF THE FOAD THEORY AND ITS TRANSLATIONAL APPLICATIONS MAY BE OF FOREMOST IMPORTANCE, IN THE GLOBAL AND NATIONAL SENSE.	2014	
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                         
5   792  29 CELLULAR MECHANISMS PROMOTING CACHEXIA AND HOW THEY ARE OPPOSED BY SIRTUINS (1). MANY CHRONIC DISEASES ARE ASSOCIATED WITH UNINTENTIONAL LOSS OF BODY WEIGHT, WHICH IS TERMED "CACHEXIA". CACHEXIA IS A COMPLEX MULTIFACTORIAL SYNDROME ASSOCIATED WITH THE UNDERLYING PRIMARY DISEASE, AND CHARACTERIZED BY LOSS OF SKELETAL MUSCLE WITH OR WITHOUT LOSS OF FAT TISSUE. PATIENTS WITH CACHEXIA FACE DIRE SYMPTOMS LIKE DYSPNEA, FATIGUE, EDEMA, EXERCISE INTOLERANCE, AND LOW RESPONSIVENESS TO MEDICAL THERAPY, WHICH WORSEN QUALITY OF LIFE. BECAUSE CACHEXIA IS NOT A STAND-ALONE DISORDER, TREATING PRIMARY DISEASE - SUCH AS CANCER - TAKES PRECEDENCE FOR THE PHYSICIAN, AND IT REMAINS MOSTLY A NEGLECTED ILLNESS. EXISTING CLINICAL TRIALS HAVE DEMONSTRATED LIMITED SUCCESS MOSTLY BECAUSE OF THEIR MONOTHERAPEUTIC APPROACH AND LATE DETECTION OF THE SYNDROME. TO CONQUER CACHEXIA, IT IS ESSENTIAL TO IDENTIFY AS MANY MOLECULAR TARGETS AS POSSIBLE USING THE LATEST TECHNOLOGIES WE HAVE AT OUR DISPOSAL. IN THIS REVIEW, WE HAVE DISCUSSED DIFFERENT ASPECTS OF CACHEXIA, WHICH INCLUDE VARIOUS DISEASE SETTINGS, ACTIVE MOLECULAR PATHWAYS, AND RECENT NOVEL ADVANCES MADE IN THIS FIELD TO UNDERSTAND CONSEQUENCES OF THIS ILLNESS. WE ALSO DISCUSS ROLES OF THE SIRTUINS, THE NAD(+)-DEPENDENT LYSINE DEACETYLASES, MICRORNAS, CERTAIN DIETARY OPTIONS, AND EPIGENETIC DRUGS AS POTENTIAL APPROACHES, WHICH CAN BE USED TO TACKLE CACHEXIA AS EARLY AS POSSIBLE IN ITS COURSE.	2019	
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      
6  3166  37 GROCERY DELIVERY TO SUPPORT HEALTHY WEIGHT GAIN AMONG PREGNANT YOUNG WOMEN WITH LOW INCOME: PROTOCOL FOR A RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIAL. BACKGROUND: EXCESSIVE WEIGHT GAIN DURING PREGNANCY IS ASSOCIATED WITH COMPLICATIONS FOR BOTH THE MOTHER AND HER INFANT INCLUDING GESTATIONAL DIABETES, HYPERTENSIVE DISORDERS, OPERATIVE DELIVERY, AND LONG-TERM OBESITY. A HEALTHY DIET DURING PREGNANCY PROMOTES HEALTHY GESTATIONAL WEIGHT GAIN AND DETERMINES FETAL EPIGENETIC PROGRAMMING IN INFANTS THAT IMPACTS RISK FOR FUTURE CHRONIC DISEASE. OBJECTIVE: THIS PROJECT WILL EXAMINE THE IMPACT OF GROCERY DELIVERY DURING PREGNANCY ON THE WEIGHT, DIET, AND HEALTH OUTCOMES OF YOUNG PREGNANT WOMEN AND THEIR INFANTS. METHODS: A THREE-ARM RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIAL DESIGN WILL BE PERFORMED. A TOTAL OF 855 YOUNG PREGNANT WOMEN, AGED 14-24 YEARS, FROM ACROSS THE STATE OF MICHIGAN WILL BE ENROLLED AND RANDOMIZED EQUALLY INTO THE THREE STUDY ARMS. PARTICIPANTS IN ARM ONE (CONTROL) WILL RECEIVE USUAL CARE FROM THE SPECIAL SUPPLEMENTAL NUTRITION PROGRAM FOR WOMEN, INFANTS, AND CHILDREN (WIC); ARM TWO WILL RECEIVE WIC PLUS BIWEEKLY GROCERY DELIVERY; AND ARM THREE WILL RECEIVE WIC PLUS BIWEEKLY GROCERY AND UNSWEETENED BEVERAGE DELIVERY. WEIGHT WILL BE ASSESSED WEEKLY DURING PREGNANCY, AND TOTAL PREGNANCY WEIGHT GAIN WILL BE CATEGORIZED AS ABOVE, BELOW, OR WITHIN GUIDELINES. ADDITIONALLY, DIETARY INTAKE WILL BE ASSESSED AT THREE TIME POINTS (BASELINE, SECOND TRIMESTER, AND THIRD TRIMESTER), AND PREGNANCY OUTCOMES WILL BE EXTRACTED FROM MEDICAL RECORDS. THE APPROPRIATENESS OF PREGNANCY WEIGHT GAIN, DIET QUALITY, AND OCCURRENCE OF POOR OUTCOMES WILL BE COMPARED BETWEEN GROUPS USING STANDARD PRACTICES FOR MULTINOMIAL REGRESSION AND CONFOUNDER ADJUSTMENT. RESULTS: THIS STUDY WAS FUNDED IN APRIL 2021, DATA COLLECTION STARTED IN DECEMBER 2021, AND DATA COLLECTION IS EXPECTED TO BE CONCLUDED IN 2026. CONCLUSIONS: THIS STUDY WILL TEST WHETHER GROCERY DELIVERY OF HEALTHY FOODS IMPROVES WEIGHT, DIET, AND PREGNANCY OUTCOMES OF YOUNG MOMS WITH LOW INCOME. THE FINDINGS WILL INFORM POLICIES AND PRACTICES THAT PROMOTE A HEALTHY DIET DURING PREGNANCY, WHICH HAS MULTIGENERATIONAL IMPACTS ON HEALTH. TRIAL REGISTRATION: CLINICALTRIALS.GOV NCT05000645; HTTPS://CLINICALTRIALS.GOV/CT2/SHOW/NCT05000645. INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT IDENTIFIER (IRRID): DERR1-10.2196/40568.	2022	
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    
7   704  30 BUILDING RESILIENCE AGAINST THE SEQUELAE OF ADVERSE CHILDHOOD EXPERIENCES: RISE UP, CHANGE YOUR LIFE, AND REFORM HEALTH CARE. A REFORMED APPROACH TO HEALTH CARE TACKLES HEALTH AT ITS ROOTS. ADVERSE CHILDHOOD EXPERIENCES (ACES) IN THOSE EXPOSED TO THEM MAY CONTRIBUTE SIGNIFICANTLY TO THE ROOT CAUSES OF MANY DISEASES OF LIFESTYLE. ACES ARE TRAUMATIC EXPERIENCES, SUCH AS PHYSICAL AND EMOTIONAL ABUSE AND EXPOSURE TO RISKY FAMILY ENVIRONMENTS. IN 1998, A GROUND-BREAKING STUDY FOUND THAT NEARLY 70% OF AMERICANS EXPERIENCE AT LEAST 1 ACE IN THEIR LIFETIME, AND GRADED EXPOSURE IS ASSOCIATED WITH THE PRESENCE OF MENTAL HEALTH DISORDERS, HEART DISEASE, CANCER, AND OTHER CHRONIC DISEASES. OVER THE PAST 20 YEARS, EVIDENCE HAS DEMONSTRATED FURTHER DISEASE RISK, OUTCOMES, AND EPIGENETIC UNDERPINNINGS IN CHILDREN AND ADULTS WITH ACES. BUILDING RESILIENCE-THE CAPACITY TO ADAPT IN HEALTHY WAYS TO TRAUMATIC EXPERIENCES-THROUGH LIFESTYLE MODIFICATION OFFERS POTENTIAL TO COMBAT THE NEGATIVE HEALTH EFFECTS ASSOCIATED WITH ACES. EMERGING RESEARCH DEMONSTRATES RESILIENCE IS CULTIVATED THROUGH INDIVIDUAL SKILLS (EMOTIONAL INTELLIGENCE, COPING, AND FOSTERING HEALTHY LIFESTYLE CHOICES), AND NURTURING SUPPORTIVE RELATIONSHIPS. BEING MINDFUL OF THE IMPACT AND PREVALENCE OF ACES AND DIVERSITY OF INDIVIDUALS' EXPERIENCES IN SOCIETY WILL HELP BUILD RESILIENCE AND COMBAT THE ROOT CAUSE OF CHRONIC DISEASE. THIS REVIEW AIMS TO CULTIVATE THAT AWARENESS AND WILL DISCUSS 3 OBJECTIVES: TO DISCUSS THE EFFECTS AND HYPOTHESIZED PATHOPHYSIOLOGICAL UNDERPINNINGS OF TRAUMATIC EXPERIENCES IN CHILDHOOD ON HEALTH AND WELLBEING THROUGHOUT LIFE, TO PRESENT WAYS WE CAN PROMOTE RESILIENCE IN OUR DAILY LIVES AND PATIENT ENCOUNTERS, AND TO DEMONSTRATE HOW ADVOCACY FOR THE REDUCTION OF ACES AND PROMOTION OF RESILIENT, TRAUMA-INFORMED ENVIRONMENTS ARE FUNDAMENTAL TO HEALTH CARE REFORM.	2019	
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                
8  4074  24 MATERNAL EXPOSURE TO THE HOLOCAUST AND HEALTH COMPLAINTS IN OFFSPRING. ALTHOUGH THE LINK BETWEEN CHRONIC STRESS AND THE DEVELOPMENT OF CARDIOVASCULAR AND METABOLIC DISEASES OF ADULTHOOD HAS BEEN KNOWN FOR SOME TIME, THERE IS GROWING RECOGNITION THAT EARLY ENVIRONMENTAL INFLUENCES MAY RESULT IN DEVELOPMENTAL PROGRAMMING VIA EPIGENETIC MECHANISMS, THEREBY AFFECTING THE DEVELOPMENTAL TRAJECTORY OF DISEASE PROGRESSION. PREVIOUS STUDIES SUPPORT THE IDEA THAT OFFSPRING OF HOLOCAUST SURVIVORS MAY HAVE BEEN SUBJECTED TO EARLY DEVELOPMENTAL PROGRAMMING. WE EVALUATED THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN PARENTAL EXPOSURE TO THE HOLOCAUST AND SELF-REPORTED HEALTH RATINGS AND DISORDERS MADE BY THEIR ADULT OFFSPRING (I.E., SECOND GENERATION HOLOCAUST SURVIVORS). A TOTAL OF 137 SUBJECTS WERE EVALUATED. REGRESSION ANALYSES DEMONSTRATED THAT MATERNAL BUT NOT PATERNAL EXPOSURE TO THE HOLOCAUST WAS RELATED TO POORER SUBJECTIVE IMPRESSIONS OF EMOTIONAL AND PHYSICAL HEALTH. THIS RELATIONSHIP WAS DIMINISHED WHEN THE OFFSPRING'S OWN LEVEL OF TRAIT ANXIETY WAS CONSIDERED. OFFSPRING WITH MATERNAL, BUT NOT PATERNAL, HOLOCAUST EXPOSURE ALSO REPORTED GREATER USE OF PSYCHOTROPIC AND OTHER MEDICATIONS, INCLUDING MEDICATIONS FOR THE TREATMENT OF HYPERTENSION AND LIPID DISORDERS. THE MECHANISM LINKING THESE HEALTH OUTCOMES AND MATERNAL EXPOSURE DESERVES FURTHER INVESTIGATION, INCLUDING THE POSSIBILITY THAT FETAL OR EARLY DEVELOPMENTAL PROGRAMMING IS INVOLVED.	2011	
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       
9  2801  30 FEMALE OBESITY: SHORT- AND LONG-TERM CONSEQUENCES ON THE OFFSPRING. THE WORLDWIDE PREVALENCE OF OBESITY HAS RISEN OVER THE PAST FEW DECADES AND WOMEN ARE CURRENTLY MORE LIKELY THAN EVER TO ENTER PREGNANCY OBESE. PRE-PREGNANCY OBESITY AND EXCESSIVE GESTATIONAL WEIGHT GAIN INCREASE MISCARRIAGE RATES AND OBSTETRIC AND NEONATAL COMPLICATIONS, WHICH RESULT IN A LOWER HEALTHY LIVE BIRTH RATE. IN ADDITION TO ITS NEGATIVE CONSEQUENCES FOR THE MOTHER, OBESITY HAS BEEN SHOWN TO BE AN IMPORTANT RISK FACTOR FOR CHRONIC ILLNESSES, SUCH AS CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE, METABOLIC SYNDROME AND TYPE 2 DIABETES IN THE ADOLESCENCE AND ADULTHOOD OF THE OFFSPRING. MOREOVER, MATERNAL OBESITY CAUSES PSYCHOLOGICAL PROBLEMS, PHYSICAL DISABILITIES AND HIGHER HEALTHCARE COSTS. FETAL PROGRAMMING OF METABOLIC FUNCTION INDUCED BY OBESITY, THROUGH PHYSIOLOGICAL AND/OR EPIGENETIC MECHANISMS, MAY HAVE AN INTERGENERATIONAL EFFECT AND COULD, THUS, PERPETUATE OBESITY IN THE NEXT GENERATION. IN ORDER TO BREAK THIS VICIOUS CIRCLE AND AVOID SERIOUS SHORT- AND LONG-TERM NEGATIVE OUTCOMES FOR BOTH MOTHERS AND FETUSES, THE PREVENTION AND ADEQUATE MANAGEMENT OF OBESITY AND GESTATIONAL WEIGHT GAIN ARE ESSENTIAL.	2013	
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          
10   518  33 ASSOCIATIONS BETWEEN ANTIBIOTIC EXPOSURE DURING PREGNANCY, BIRTH WEIGHT AND ABERRANT METHYLATION AT IMPRINTED GENES AMONG OFFSPRING. OBJECTIVES: LOW BIRTH WEIGHT (LBW) HAS BEEN ASSOCIATED WITH COMMON ADULT-ONSET CHRONIC DISEASES, INCLUDING OBESITY, CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE, TYPE II DIABETES AND SOME CANCERS. THE ETIOLOGY OF LBW IS MULTI-FACTORIAL. HOWEVER, RECENT EVIDENCE SUGGESTS EXPOSURE TO ANTIBIOTICS MAY ALSO INCREASE THE RISK OF LBW. THE MECHANISMS UNDERLYING THIS ASSOCIATION ARE UNKNOWN, ALTHOUGH EPIGENETIC MECHANISMS ARE HYPOTHESIZED. IN THIS STUDY, WE EVALUATED THE ASSOCIATION BETWEEN MATERNAL ANTIBIOTIC USE AND LBW AND EXAMINED THE POTENTIAL ROLE OF ALTERED DNA METHYLATION THAT CONTROLS GROWTH REGULATORY IMPRINTED GENES IN THESE ASSOCIATIONS. METHODS: BETWEEN 2009-2011, 397 PREGNANT WOMEN WERE ENROLLED AND FOLLOWED UNTIL DELIVERY. PRENATAL ANTIBIOTIC USE WAS ASCERTAINED THROUGH MATERNAL SELF-REPORT. IMPRINTED GENES METHYLATION LEVELS WERE MEASURED AT DIFFERENTIALLY METHYLATED REGIONS (DMRS) USING BISULFITE PYROSEQUENCING. GENERALIZED LINEAR MODELS WERE USED TO EXAMINE ASSOCIATIONS AMONG ANTIBIOTIC USE, BIRTH WEIGHT AND DMR METHYLATION FRACTIONS. RESULTS: AFTER ADJUSTING FOR INFANT GENDER, RACE/ETHNICITY, MATERNAL BODY MASS INDEX, DELIVERY ROUTE, GESTATIONAL WEIGHT GAIN, GESTATIONAL AGE AT DELIVERY, FOLIC ACID INTAKE, PHYSICAL ACTIVITY, MATERNAL SMOKING AND PARITY, ANTIBIOTIC USE DURING PREGNANCY WAS ASSOCIATED WITH 138 G LOWER BIRTH WEIGHT COMPARED WITH NON-ANTIBIOTIC USE (BETA-COEFFICIENT=-132.99, S.E.=50.70, P=0.008). THESE ASSOCIATIONS WERE STRONGEST IN NEWBORNS OF WOMEN WHO REPORTED ANTIBIOTIC USE OTHER THAN PENICILLINS (BETA-COEFFICIENT=-135.57, S.E.=57.38, P=0.02). METHYLATION AT FIVE DMRS, IGF2 (P=0.05), H19 (P=0.15), PLAGL1 (P=0.01), MEG3 (P=0.006) AND PEG3 (P=0.08), WAS ASSOCIATED WITH MATERNAL ANTIBIOTIC USE; AMONG THESE, ONLY METHYLATION AT THE PLAGL1 DMR WAS ALSO ASSOCIATED WITH BIRTH WEIGHT. CONCLUSION: WE REPORT AN INVERSE ASSOCIATION BETWEEN IN UTERO EXPOSURE TO ANTIBIOTICS AND LOWER INFANT BIRTH WEIGHT AND PROVIDE THE FIRST EMPIRICAL EVIDENCE SUPPORTING IMPRINTED GENE PLASTICITY IN THESE ASSOCIATIONS.	2013	
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                     
11  1098  21 COLLATERAL DAMAGE: MATERNAL OBESITY DURING PREGNANCY CONTINUES TO RISE. IMPORTANCE: THE PANDEMIC OF OBESITY DURING PREGNANCY NOW AFFLICTS 1 OUT OF EVERY 2 PREGNANT WOMEN IN THE UNITED STATES. EVEN THOUGH UNINTENDED PREGNANCY HAS DECREASED TO 45% OF ALL PREGNANCIES, 50% OF THOSE UNINTENDED PREGNANCIES OCCUR IN OBESE WOMEN. OBJECTIVE: THIS STUDY AIMS TO IDENTIFY WHY CURRENT LIFESTYLE INTERVENTIONS FOR OBESE PREGNANCY ARE NOT EFFECTIVE AND WHAT THE NEWER COMPLICATIONS ARE FOR OBESITY DURING PREGNANCY. EVIDENCE ACQUISITION: AVAILABLE LITERATURES ON CURRENT TREATMENTS FOR MATERNAL OBESITY WERE REVIEWED FOR EFFECTIVENESS. EMERGING MATERNAL AND INFANT COMPLICATIONS FROM OBESITY DURING PREGNANCY WERE EXAMINED FOR SIGNIFICANCE. RESULTS: LIMITATIONS IN SUCCESSFUL INTERVENTIONS FELL INTO 3 BASIC CATEGORIES TO INCLUDE THE FOLLOWING: (1) PRECONCEPTION WEIGHT LOSS; (2) BARIATRIC SURGERY BEFORE PREGNANCY; AND (3) PREVENTION OF EXCESSIVE GESTATIONAL WEIGHT GAIN DURING PREGNANCY. EMERGING SIGNIFICANT PHYSIOLOGICAL CHANGES FROM MATERNAL OBESITY IS COMPOSED OF INFLAMMATION (PLACENTA AND HUMAN MILK), METABOLISM (HORMONES, MICROBIOME, FATTY ACIDS), AND OFFSPRING OUTCOMES (BODY COMPOSITION, CONGENITAL MALFORMATIONS, CHRONIC KIDNEY DISEASE, ASTHMA, NEURODEVELOPMENT, AND BEHAVIOR). CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE: ARE CURRENT PREPREGNANCY LIFESTYLE AND BEHAVIORAL INTERVENTIONS FEASIBLE TO PREVENT MATERNAL OBESITY COMPLICATIONS? EPIGENETIC AND METABOLOMIC RESEARCH WILL BE CRITICAL TO DETERMINE WHAT IS NEEDED TO BLUNT THE EFFECTS OF MATERNAL OBESITY AND TO DISCOVER SUCCESSFUL TREATMENT.	2020	
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                         
12   363  28 AMBIENT AIR POLLUTION: HEALTH HAZARDS TO CHILDREN. AMBIENT AIR POLLUTION IS PRODUCED BY SOURCES INCLUDING VEHICULAR TRAFFIC, COAL-FIRED POWER PLANTS, HYDRAULIC FRACTURING, AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION, AND FOREST FIRES. IT CONSISTS OF PRIMARY POLLUTANTS GENERATED BY COMBUSTION AND SECONDARY POLLUTANTS FORMED IN THE ATMOSPHERE FROM PRECURSOR GASES. AIR POLLUTION CAUSES AND EXACERBATES CLIMATE CHANGE, AND CLIMATE CHANGE WORSENS HEALTH EFFECTS OF AIR POLLUTION. INFANTS AND CHILDREN ARE UNIQUELY SENSITIVE TO AIR POLLUTION, BECAUSE THEIR ORGANS ARE DEVELOPING AND THEY HAVE HIGHER AIR PER BODY WEIGHT INTAKE. HEALTH EFFECTS LINKED TO AIR POLLUTION INCLUDE NOT ONLY EXACERBATIONS OF RESPIRATORY DISEASES BUT ALSO REDUCED LUNG FUNCTION DEVELOPMENT AND INCREASED ASTHMA INCIDENCE. ADDITIONAL OUTCOMES OF CONCERN INCLUDE PRETERM BIRTH, LOW BIRTH WEIGHT, NEURODEVELOPMENTAL DISORDERS, IQ LOSS, PEDIATRIC CANCERS, AND INCREASED RISKS FOR ADULT CHRONIC DISEASES. THESE EFFECTS ARE MEDIATED BY OXIDATIVE STRESS, CHRONIC INFLAMMATION, ENDOCRINE DISRUPTION, AND GENETIC AND EPIGENETIC MECHANISMS ACROSS THE LIFE SPAN. NATURAL EXPERIMENTS DEMONSTRATE THAT WITH INITIATIVES SUCH AS INCREASED USE OF PUBLIC TRANSPORTATION, BOTH AIR QUALITY AND COMMUNITY HEALTH IMPROVE. SIMILARLY, THE CLEAN AIR ACT HAS IMPROVED AIR QUALITY, ALTHOUGH EXPOSURE INEQUITIES PERSIST. OTHER EFFECTIVE STRATEGIES FOR REDUCING AIR POLLUTION INCLUDE ENDING RELIANCE ON COAL, OIL, AND GAS; REGULATING INDUSTRIAL EMISSIONS; REDUCING EXPOSURE WITH ATTENTION TO PROXIMITY OF RESIDENCES, SCHOOLS, AND CHILD CARE FACILITIES TO TRAFFIC; AND A GREATER AWARENESS OF THE AIR QUALITY INDEX. THIS POLICY REVIEWS BOTH SHORT- AND LONG-TERM HEALTH CONSEQUENCES OF AMBIENT AIR POLLUTION, ESPECIALLY IN RELATION TO DEVELOPMENTAL EXPOSURES. IT EXAMINES INDIVIDUAL, COMMUNITY, AND LEGISLATIVE STRATEGIES TO MITIGATE AIR POLLUTION.	2021	
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                         
13   529  23 ASTHMA IN URBAN CHILDREN: EPIDEMIOLOGY, ENVIRONMENTAL RISK FACTORS, AND THE PUBLIC HEALTH DOMAIN. ASTHMA IS THE MOST COMMONLY REPORTED CHRONIC CONDITION OF CHILDHOOD IN DEVELOPED COUNTRIES, WITH 6.5 MILLION CHILDREN AFFECTED IN THE USA. A DISPARATE BURDEN OF CHILDHOOD ASTHMA IS SEEN AMONG SOCIOECONOMICALLY DISADVANTAGED YOUTH, OFTEN CONCENTRATED IN URBAN AREAS WITH HIGH POVERTY RATES. HOST FACTORS THAT PREDISPOSE A CHILD TO ASTHMA INCLUDE ATOPY, MALE GENDER, PARENTAL HISTORY OF ASTHMA, AND ALSO RACE, ETHNICITY, AND GENETIC AND EPIGENETIC SUSCEPTIBILITIES. ENVIRONMENTAL FACTORS, SUCH AS IMPROVED HYGIENE, AMBIENT AIR POLLUTION, AND EARLY LIFE EXPOSURES TO MICROBES AND AEROALLERGENS, ALSO INFLUENCE THE DEVELOPMENT OF ASTHMA. WITH GREATER THAN 90% OF TIME SPENT INDOORS, HOME EXPOSURES (SUCH AS COCKROACH, RODENT, AND INDOOR AIR POLLUTION) ARE HIGHLY RELEVANT FOR URBAN ASTHMA. MORBIDITY REDUCTION MAY REQUIRE FOCUSED PUBLIC HEALTH INITIATIVES FOR ENVIRONMENTAL INTERVENTION IN HIGH PRIORITY RISK GROUPS AND THE ADDITION OF IMMUNE MODULATORY AGENTS IN CHILDREN WITH POORLY CONTROLLED DISEASE.	2016	
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            
14  5584  23 ROLE OF OBESITY IN FEMALE REPRODUCTION. CONTEMPORARY SCIENTISTS NEED NO "P VALUE" AND "RELATIVE RISK" STATISTICS TO BE EXQUISITELY AWARE OF THE INCREASING PREVALENCE OF OBESITY AND COMPLICATIONS POSED BY OBESITY. IT IS NOW WELL RECOGNIZED THAT OBESITY IS STRONGLY ASSOCIATED WITH TYPE 2 DIABETES, HYPERTENSION, VASCULAR DISEASE, TUMORS AND REPRODUCTIVE DISORDERS. OBESE WOMEN SHOW LOWER LEVELS OF GONADOTROPIN HORMONES, REDUCED FECUNDITY, HIGHER MISCARRIAGE RATES AND POORER OUTCOMES OF IN VITRO FERTILIZATION, REVEALING THAT OBESITY AFFECTS FEMALE REPRODUCTION. IN ADDITION, ADIPOSE TISSUE CONTAINS SPECIAL IMMUNE CELLS AND OBESITY-INDUCED INFLAMMATION IS A CHRONIC, LOW-GRADE INFLAMMATORY RESPONSE. HEREIN, WE MAINLY REVIEW DETRIMENTAL INFLUENCES OF OBESITY IN THE COMPLETE PROCESS OF FEMALE REPRODUCTION, INCLUDING HYPOTHALAMIC-PITUITARY-OVARIAN AXIS, OOCYTE MATURATION, EMBRYO AND FETAL DEVELOPMENT. IN THE LATTER PART, WE VIEW OBESITY-INDUCED INFLAMMATION AND DISCUSS RELATED EPIGENETIC IMPACT ON FEMALE REPRODUCTION.	2023	
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        
15  4065  33 MATERNAL AND GESTATIONAL INFLUENCES ON CHILDHOOD BLOOD PRESSURE. EXPOSURES THAT CONTRIBUTE TO A SUB-OPTIMAL INTRAUTERINE ENVIRONMENT CAN HAVE AN EFFECT ON THE DEVELOPING FETUS. IMPAIRED FETAL GROWTH THAT RESULTS IN LOW BIRTH WEIGHT IS AN ESTABLISHED RISK FACTOR FOR CARDIO-METABOLIC DISORDERS LATER IN LIFE. RECENT EPIDEMIOLOGIC AND PROSPECTIVE COHORT STUDIES THAT INCLUDE THE MATERNAL AND GESTATIONAL PERIOD HAVE IDENTIFIED MATERNAL AND GESTATIONAL CONDITIONS THAT CONFER INCREASED RISK FOR SUBSEQUENT CARDIO-METABOLIC DISORDERS IN THE ABSENCE OF LOW BIRTH WEIGHT. MATERNAL PRE-CONCEPTION HEALTH STATUS, INCLUDING CHRONIC OBESITY AND TYPE 2 DIABETES, INCREASE RISK FOR CHILDHOOD OBESITY AND OBESITY-RELATED HIGHER BLOOD PRESSURE (BP) IN CHILD OFFSPRING. MATERNAL GESTATIONAL EXPOSURES, INCLUDING GESTATIONAL DIABETES, GESTATIONAL HYPERTENSION, AND PREECLAMPSIA, ARE ASSOCIATED WITH HIGHER BP IN OFFSPRING. OTHER MATERNAL EXPOSURES SUCH AS CIGARETTE SMOKE AND AIR POLLUTION ALSO INCREASE RISK FOR HIGHER BP IN CHILD OFFSPRING. RECENT, BUT LIMITED, DATA INDICATE THAT ASSISTED REPRODUCTIVE TECHNOLOGIES CAN BE ASSOCIATED WITH HYPERTENSION IN CHILDHOOD, DESPITE OTHERWISE NORMAL GESTATION AND HEALTHY NEWBORN. GESTATIONAL EXPOSURES ASSOCIATED WITH HIGHER BP IN CHILDHOOD CAN BE RELATED TO FAMILIAL LIFESTYLE FACTORS, GENETICS, OR EPIGENETIC MODIFICATION OF FETAL DEOXYRIBONUCLEIC ACID (DNA). THESE FACTORS, OR COMBINATION OF FACTORS, AS WELL AS OTHER ADVERSE INTRAUTERINE CONDITIONS, COULD INDUCE FETAL PROGRAMING LEADING TO HEALTH CONSEQUENCES IN LATER LIFE. CURRENT AND DEVELOPING RESEARCH WILL PROVIDE ADDITIONAL INSIGHTS ON GESTATIONAL EXPOSURES AND FETAL ADJUSTMENTS THAT INCREASE RISK FOR HIGHER BP LEVELS IN CHILDHOOD.	2020	
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                           
16  5520  40 RISK FACTORS OF POSTPARTUM DEPRESSION. POSTPARTUM DEPRESSION (PPD) IS A WIDESPREAD MENTAL HEALTH PROBLEM AND ONE OF THE PRIME CAUSES OF MATERNAL SUFFERING AND ILL HEALTH. ON A GLOBAL LEVEL, THE PREVALENCE OF THE DISORDER IS ABOUT 10 TO 15%. SYMPTOMS GENERALLY APPEAR WITHIN THE FIRST FOUR TO SIX WEEKS, WHICH IS THE HIGH-RISK PERIOD. HOWEVER, IT MAY DEVELOP UP TO ONE YEAR POST-DELIVERY. PPD PRESENTS WITH SYMPTOMS OF CLASSICAL DEPRESSION, INCLUDING MOOD FLUCTUATIONS, BOUTS OF CRYING, LACK OF INTEREST IN THE CHILD, AND EVEN THOUGHTS OF SUICIDE. PPD NOT ONLY HAS ADVERSE EFFECTS ON THE MOTHER'S HEALTH BUT ALSO HAMPERS THE GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT OF THE CHILD. IT HAMPERS THE FORMATION OF A HEALTHY MOTHER-CHILD BOND, WHICH IN TURN MAY IMPACT FEEDING PRACTICES. THE SOCIAL ENVIRONMENT OF THE INFANT DURING THE FIRST FEW MONTHS IS PRIMARILY PROVIDED BY THE MOTHER, AND PPD MAY THUS IMPACT THE CHILD'S DEVELOPMENT. IT ALSO INCREASES THE CHILD'S SUSCEPTIBILITY TO MALNUTRITION. RESEARCH ON POSTPARTUM DEPRESSION HAS GARNERED MOMENTUM WITHIN THE LAST FEW YEARS. HOWEVER, THE MASSES ARE STILL LARGELY UNAWARE OF THE DISORDER AND ITS IMPLICATIONS. THERE IS ALSO AN INADEQUACY OF AWARENESS OF THE RISK FACTORS OF PPD. THE CROSS-CULTURAL DIFFERENCES IN MANIFESTATIONS AND APPROPRIATE PREVENTIVE MEASURES HAVE NOT BEEN EXTENSIVELY STUDIED. SOME RISK FACTORS FOR PPD ARE SIMILAR TO THOSE FOR CLASSIC DEPRESSION; HOWEVER, OBSTETRICAL AND PEDIATRIC FACTORS ARE ALSO INVOLVED. THIS LITERATURE REVIEW AIMS TO ASSESS THE CURRENTLY KNOWN RISK FACTORS FOR PPD, THEIR STRENGTH OF ASSOCIATION, AND PROBABLE MECHANISMS TO HELP IDENTIFY THE HIGH-RISK GROUP AND ENABLE THE IMPLEMENTATION OF PREVENTIVE MEASURES OR FACILITATE EARLY DIAGNOSIS. THE FACTORS IDENTIFIED SPANNED SOCIODEMOGRAPHIC, BIOLOGICAL, PSYCHOLOGICAL, AND OBSTETRIC DOMAINS. THESE INCLUDED SOCIOECONOMIC STANDING, MARITAL RELATIONSHIP, HISTORY OF PSYCHIATRIC ILLNESS, SOCIAL SUPPORT, GESTATIONAL DIABETES, VITAMIN D DEFICIENCY, IMMIGRATION STATUS, DELIVERY METHOD, VIOLENCE AND ABUSE, BIRTH EXPERIENCE, AND BIOLOGICAL AND EPIGENETIC MARKERS. THE RISK FACTORS FOR POSTPARTUM DEPRESSION ARE NUMEROUS AND MAY HAVE STRONG TO WEAK ASSOCIATIONS WITH THE DEVELOPMENT OF PPD. A PREVIOUS HISTORY OF DEPRESSION OR PSYCHIATRIC ILLNESS, DEPRESSIVE SYMPTOMS DURING PREGNANCY, GESTATIONAL DIABETES, AND A LACK OF SPOUSAL AND SOCIAL SUPPORT WERE THE MOST POWERFUL RISK FACTORS. OTHER SIGNIFICANT FACTORS INCLUDE COMPLICATIONS DURING PREGNANCY, LOW SOCIOECONOMIC STATUS, AND STRESSFUL LIFE EVENTS. STUDIES ON MATERNAL AGE AND CHRONIC ILLNESS AS RISK FACTORS WERE INCONCLUSIVE. THE ROLES OF GENETIC AND EPIGENETIC MARKERS, CULTURAL FACTORS, AND VITAMIN D INSUFFICIENCY REQUIRE FURTHER INVESTIGATION.	2022	

17  3664  23 INFANT NEUROBEHAVIORAL DEVELOPMENT. THE TREND TOWARD SINGLE-ROOM NEONATAL INTENSIVE CARE UNITS (NICUS) IS INCREASING; HOWEVER SCIENTIFIC EVIDENCE IS, AT THIS POINT, MOSTLY ANECDOTAL. THIS IS A CRITICAL TIME TO ASSESS THE IMPACT OF THE SINGLE-ROOM NICU ON IMPROVING MEDICAL AND NEUROBEHAVIORAL OUTCOMES OF THE PRETERM INFANT. WE HAVE DEVELOPED A THEORETICAL MODEL THAT MAY BE USEFUL IN STUDYING HOW THE CHANGE FROM AN OPEN-BAY NICU TO A SINGLE-ROOM NICU COULD AFFECT INFANT MEDICAL AND NEUROBEHAVIORAL OUTCOME. THE MODEL IDENTIFIES MEDIATING FACTORS THAT ARE LIKELY TO ACCOMPANY THE CHANGE TO A SINGLE-ROOM NICU. THESE MEDIATING FACTORS INCLUDE FAMILY CENTERED CARE, DEVELOPMENTAL CARE, PARENTING AND FAMILY FACTORS, STAFF BEHAVIOR AND ATTITUDES, AND MEDICAL PRACTICES. MEDICAL OUTCOMES THAT PLAN TO BE MEASURED ARE SEPSIS, LENGTH OF STAY, GESTATIONAL AGE AT DISCHARGE, WEIGHT GAIN, ILLNESS SEVERITY, GESTATIONAL AGE AT ENTERAL FEEDING, AND NECROTIZING ENTEROCOLITIS (NEC). NEUROBEHAVIORAL OUTCOMES INCLUDE THE NICU NETWORK NEUROBEHAVIORAL SCALE (NNNS) SCORES, SLEEP STATE ORGANIZATION AND SLEEP PHYSIOLOGY, INFANT MOTHER FEEDING INTERACTION SCORES, AND PAIN SCORES. PRELIMINARY FINDINGS ON THE SAMPLE OF 150 PATIENTS IN THE OPEN-BAY NICU SHOWED A "BASELINE" OF EFFECTS OF FAMILY CENTERED CARE, DEVELOPMENTAL CARE, PARENT SATISFACTION, MATERNAL DEPRESSION, AND PARENTING STRESS ON THE NEUROBEHAVIORAL OUTCOMES OF THE NEWBORN. THE SINGLE-ROOM NICU HAS THE POTENTIAL TO IMPROVE THE NEUROBEHAVIORAL STATUS OF THE INFANT AT DISCHARGE. NEUROBEHAVIORAL ASSESSMENT CAN ASSIST WITH EARLY DETECTION AND THEREFORE PREVENTATIVE INTERVENTION TO MAXIMIZE DEVELOPMENTAL OUTCOME. WE ALSO PRESENT AN EPIGENETIC MODEL OF THE POTENTIAL EFFECTS OF MATERNAL CARE ON IMPROVING INFANT NEUROBEHAVIORAL STATUS.	2011	
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                             
18  6822  37 [GENDER MEDICINE. SEX- AND GENDER-SPECIFIC ASPECTS OF CLINICAL MEDICINE]. GENDER MEDICINE STUDIES SEX- AND GENDER-BASED DIFFERENCES IN THE DEVELOPMENT AND PREVENTION OF DISEASES, THE AWARENESS AND PRESENTATION OF SYMPTOMS, AND THE EFFECTIVENESS OF THERAPY. GENDER MEDICINE IS PART OF PERSONALIZED MEDICINE, CONSIDERING DIFFERENCES IN BIOLOGICAL AND PSYCHOSOCIAL FACTORS INDIVIDUALLY. THERE ARE DIFFERENCES IN GENES, CHROMOSOMES, HORMONES, AND METABOLISM AS WELL AS DIFFERENCES IN CULTURE, ENVIRONMENT, AND SOCIETY. LIFELONG INTERACTIONS BETWEEN PHYSICAL AND PSYCHOSOCIAL FACTORS WILL INFLUENCE THE HEALTH AND ILL-HEALTH OF MEN AND WOMEN IN DIFFERENT WAYS. EPIGENETIC MODIFICATIONS PROVIDE EVIDENCE OF THE IMPACT OF ENVIRONMENT AND LIFESTYLE DURING VULNERABLE PHASES ON BIOLOGICAL PROCESSES, EFFECTING FUTURE GENERATIONS. MATERNAL LIFESTYLE AND ENVIRONMENTAL FACTORS DURING PREGNANCY CAN IMPACT THE HEALTH OF OFFSPRING IN LATER LIFE ALREADY IN UTERO IN A SEX-SPECIFIC WAY. PAIN, STRESS, AND COPING STYLES DIFFER BETWEEN MEN AND WOMEN. WOMEN EXPERIENCE MORE DRAMATIC PHYSICAL CHANGES DURING THEIR LIFETIME, WHICH ARE ASSOCIATED WITH SPECIFIC BURDENS AND PSYCHOSOCIAL ALTERATIONS. WOMEN WITH MULTIPLE ROLES AND RESPONSIBILITIES SUFFERING FROM STRESS DEVELOP DEPRESSION MORE FREQUENTLY. HOWEVER, MEN ARE OFTEN NOT DIAGNOSED AND TREATED APPROPRIATELY IN CASES OF DEPRESSION OR OSTEOPOROSIS, DISEASES THAT ARE TYPICALLY CONSIDERED "FEMALE." THERE ARE PROMINENT DIFFERENCES BETWEEN MEN AND WOMEN IN MEDICINE REGARDING THE IMMUNE SYSTEM, INFLAMMATION, AND NONCOMMUNICABLE DISEASES SUCH AS OBESITY, TYPE 2 DIABETES, HYPERTENSION, AND CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE. WOMEN EXPERIENCE MORE OFTEN AUTOIMMUNE DISEASES AND SUFFER MORE FREQUENTLY FROM (CHRONIC) PAIN, NEURODEGENERATIVE CHANGES, AND FUNCTIONAL DISABILITIES. MEN HAVE SHORTER LIFE EXPECTANCY BUT RELATIVELY MORE HEALTHY YEARS OF LIFE, WHICH IS IN GREATER PART ASCRIBED TO PSYCHOSOCIAL DETERMINANTS. STATE-OF-THE-ART CLINICAL MEDICINE COMPRISES INDIVIDUAL RISK FACTORS BASED ON SEX- AND GENDER-SENSITIVE HEALTH PROGRAMS IN ORDER TO IMPROVE THE HEALTH-RELATED QUALITY OF LIFE FOR MEN AND WOMEN.	2014	
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                
19  5822  19 STRESS IN THE ONSET AND AGGRAVATION OF LEARNING DISABILITIES. DESPITE SUBSTANTIAL GROUNDS FOR SUCH RESEARCH, THE ROLE OF CHRONIC EXPOSURE TO STRESSORS IN THE ONSET AND AGGRAVATION OF LEARNING DISABILITIES (LDS) IS LARGELY UNEXPLORED. IN THIS REVIEW, WE FIRST CONSIDER THE HORMONAL, (EPI)GENETIC, AND NEUROBIOLOGICAL MECHANISMS THAT MIGHT UNDERLIE THE IMPACT OF ADVERSE CHILDHOOD EXPERIENCES, A FORM OF CHRONIC STRESSORS, ON THE ONSET OF LDS. WE THEN FOUND THAT STRESS FACTORS COMBINED WITH FEELINGS OF INFERIORITY, LOW SELF-ESTEEM, AND PEER VICTIMIZATION COULD POTENTIALLY FURTHER AGGRAVATE ACADEMIC FAILURES IN CHILDREN WITH LDS. SINCE EFFECTIVE EVIDENCE-BASED INTERVENTIONS FOR REDUCING CHRONIC STRESS IN CHILDREN WITH LDS COULD IMPROVE THEIR ACADEMIC PERFORMANCE, CONSIDERATION OF THE ROLE OF EXPOSURE TO STRESSORS IN CHILDREN WITH LDS HAS BOTH THEORETICAL AND PRACTICAL IMPORTANCE, ESPECIALLY WHEN DELIVERED IN COMBINATION WITH ACADEMIC INTERVENTIONS.	2021	
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                           
20  5178  22 PREGNANCY AS A FUNDAMENTAL DETERMINANT OF CHILD HEALTH: A REVIEW. PURPOSE OF REVIEW: MATERNAL CONDITIONS AND EXPOSURES DURING PREGNANCY INCLUDING OVER- AND UNDERNUTRITION ARE ASSOCIATED WITH POOR CHILDBIRTH OUTCOMES, GROWTH, DEVELOPMENT AND CHRONIC CHILDHOOD DISEASES. WE EXAMINED CONTEMPORARY PREGNANCY-RELATED DETERMINANTS OF CHILD HEALTH. RECENT FINDINGS: WHILE MATERNAL UNDERNUTRITION REMAINS A MAJOR CONTRIBUTOR TO LOW BIRTH WEIGHT, MATERNAL OBESITY AFFECTS FOETAL GROWTH, BIRTH WEIGHT, SURVIVAL AND IS ASSOCIATED WITH CHILDHOOD OBESITY, ASTHMA AND AUTISTIC SPECTRUM DISORDERS. EMERGING EVIDENCE SUGGESTS THAT EPIGENETIC CHANGES, THE PRENATAL MICROBIOME AND MATERNAL IMMUNE ACTIVATION (MIA), A NEUROINFLAMMATORY PROCESS INDUCED BY DIET AND OTHER EXPOSURES CAUSE FOETAL PROGRAMMING RESULTING IN THESE CHRONIC CHILDHOOD DISEASES. MATERNAL DIET IS POTENTIALLY A MODIFIABLE RISK FACTOR FOR CONTROLLING LOW BIRTH WEIGHT, OBESITY AND CHRONIC DISEASE IN CHILDHOOD. FURTHER STUDIES ARE WARRANTED TO REFINE GUIDANCE ON DIETARY RESTRICTION AND PHYSICAL ACTIVITY DURING PREGNANCY AND DETERMINE HOW MIA AND PRENATAL MICROBIOTA CAN BE APPLIED TO CONTROL CHILDHOOD DISEASES ARISING FROM PROGRAMMING.	2022