1 5755 111 SOCIALLY STRATIFIED EPIGENETIC PROFILES ARE ASSOCIATED WITH COGNITIVE FUNCTIONING IN CHILDREN AND ADOLESCENTS. CHILDREN'S COGNITIVE FUNCTIONING AND EDUCATIONAL PERFORMANCE ARE SOCIALLY STRATIFIED. SOCIAL INEQUALITY, INCLUDING CLASSISM AND RACISM, MAY OPERATE PARTLY VIA EPIGENETIC MECHANISMS THAT MODULATE NEUROCOGNITIVE DEVELOPMENT. FOLLOWING PREREGISTERED ANALYSES OF DATA FROM 1,183 PARTICIPANTS, AGES 8 TO 19 YEARS, FROM THE TEXAS TWIN PROJECT, WE FOUND THAT CHILDREN GROWING UP IN MORE SOCIOECONOMICALLY DISADVANTAGED FAMILIES AND NEIGHBORHOODS AND CHILDREN FROM MARGINALIZED RACIAL/ETHNIC GROUPS EXHIBIT DNA METHYLATION PROFILES THAT, IN PREVIOUS STUDIES OF ADULTS, WERE INDICATIVE OF HIGHER CHRONIC INFLAMMATION, LOWER COGNITIVE FUNCTIONING, AND A FASTER PACE OF BIOLOGICAL AGING. FURTHERMORE, CHILDREN'S SALIVARY DNA METHYLATION PROFILES WERE ASSOCIATED WITH THEIR PERFORMANCE ON IN-LABORATORY TESTS OF COGNITIVE AND ACADEMIC SKILLS, INCLUDING PROCESSING SPEED, GENERAL EXECUTIVE FUNCTION, PERCEPTUAL REASONING, VERBAL COMPREHENSION, READING, AND MATH. GIVEN THAT THE DNA METHYLATION MEASURES THAT WE EXAMINED WERE ORIGINALLY DEVELOPED IN ADULTS, OUR RESULTS SUGGEST THAT CHILDREN SHOW MOLECULAR SIGNATURES THAT REFLECT THE EARLY LIFE SOCIAL DETERMINANTS OF LIFELONG DISPARITIES IN HEALTH AND COGNITION.	2023	
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       
2 2999  23 GENETIC VARIATION, STRESS, AND PHYSIOLOGICAL STRESS RESPONSE IN ADULTS WITH FOOD ALLERGY OR CELIAC DISEASE. BACKGROUND: PERSISTENTLY HIGH CHRONIC STRESS CAN LEAD TO MALADAPTIVE PSYCHOLOGICAL, BEHAVIORAL, AND PHYSIOLOGICAL STRESS RESPONSES AND POOR MENTAL AND PHYSICAL HEALTH, HIGHLIGHTING THE IMPORTANCE OF IDENTIFYING INDIVIDUALS AT INCREASED RISK. CHRONIC HEALTH CONDITION DIAGNOSIS AND GENETICS ARE 2 CHARACTERISTICS THAT CAN INFLUENCE STRESS, STRESS RESPONSE, AND HEALTH OUTCOMES. PURPOSE: FOOD ALLERGY (FA) AND CELIAC DISEASE (CD) REQUIRE CONSTANT VIGILANCE IN DAILY LIFE AND CAN LEAD TO INCREASED STRESS. THE PURPOSE OF THIS EXPLORATORY ANALYSIS WAS TO EXAMINE THE ASSOCIATION OF VARIANTS IN SELECTED STRESS-RELATED GENES WITH STRESS EXPOSURES, STRESS, CLINICAL MEASURES OF PHYSIOLOGICAL STRESS RESPONSE, AND MENTAL HEALTH SYMPTOMS IN ADULTS WITH AND WITHOUT FA OR CD. METHODS: WE COMPARED STRESS EXPOSURES, SYMPTOMS OF PTSD, DEPRESSION, ANXIETY, AND STRESS, BMI, AND WAIST-HIP RATIO BETWEEN CASES AND CONTROLS. WE ANALYZED THE ASSOCIATION OF SNPS IN GENES WITH KNOWN OR HYPOTHESIZED ASSOCIATIONS WITH STRESS-RELATED MEASURES IN 124 CASES AND 124 MATCHED CONTROLS: CRHBP (RS7718461, RS10474485), CRHR1 (RS242940) AND OXTR (RS2268490). FOR THIS EXPLORATORY STUDY, P-VALUES </= 0.10 WERE CONSIDERED SUGGESTIVE. RESULTS: FOR CASES AND CONTROLS, RS7718461 WAS ASSOCIATED WITH STRESS SYMPTOMS, RS2268490 WITH SYMPTOMS OF STRESS AND PTSD, AND RS242940 WITH SYMPTOMS OF STRESS, PTSD, ANXIETY, AND DEPRESSION. FURTHER ANALYSES FOUND THAT STRESS-RELATED OUTCOMES IN INDIVIDUALS WITH FA OR CD MAY BE INFLUENCED BY SNP GENOTYPE. CONCLUSIONS: GIVEN THESE SUGGESTIVE FINDINGS, LARGER PROSPECTIVE STUDIES SHOULD EXAMINE SIMILAR RELATIONSHIPS IN INDIVIDUALS WITH OTHER CHRONIC HEALTH CONDITIONS, INCORPORATING FACTORS SUCH AS ENVIRONMENTAL EXPOSURES, INDIVIDUAL EXPERIENCES, AND EPIGENETIC MODIFICATIONS.	2023	
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                               
3 3914  33 LIFETIME STRESS ACCELERATES EPIGENETIC AGING IN AN URBAN, AFRICAN AMERICAN COHORT: RELEVANCE OF GLUCOCORTICOID SIGNALING. BACKGROUND: CHRONIC PSYCHOLOGICAL STRESS IS ASSOCIATED WITH ACCELERATED AGING AND INCREASED RISK FOR AGING-RELATED DISEASES, BUT THE UNDERLYING MOLECULAR MECHANISMS ARE UNCLEAR. RESULTS: WE EXAMINED THE EFFECT OF LIFETIME STRESSORS ON A DNA METHYLATION-BASED AGE PREDICTOR, EPIGENETIC CLOCK. AFTER CONTROLLING FOR BLOOD CELL-TYPE COMPOSITION AND LIFESTYLE PARAMETERS, CUMULATIVE LIFETIME STRESS, BUT NOT CHILDHOOD MALTREATMENT OR CURRENT STRESS ALONE, PREDICTED ACCELERATED EPIGENETIC AGING IN AN URBAN, AFRICAN AMERICAN COHORT (N = 392). THIS EFFECT WAS PRIMARILY DRIVEN BY PERSONAL LIFE STRESSORS, WAS MORE PRONOUNCED WITH ADVANCING AGE, AND WAS BLUNTED IN INDIVIDUALS WITH HIGHER CHILDHOOD ABUSE EXPOSURE. HYPOTHESIZING THAT THESE EPIGENETIC EFFECTS COULD BE MEDIATED BY GLUCOCORTICOID SIGNALING, WE FOUND THAT A HIGH NUMBER (N = 85) OF EPIGENETIC CLOCK CPG SITES WERE LOCATED WITHIN GLUCOCORTICOID RESPONSE ELEMENTS. WE FURTHER EXAMINED THE FUNCTIONAL EFFECTS OF GLUCOCORTICOIDS ON EPIGENETIC CLOCK CPGS IN AN INDEPENDENT SAMPLE WITH GENOME-WIDE DNA METHYLATION (N = 124) AND GENE EXPRESSION DATA (N = 297) BEFORE AND AFTER EXPOSURE TO THE GLUCOCORTICOID RECEPTOR AGONIST DEXAMETHASONE. DEXAMETHASONE INDUCED DYNAMIC CHANGES IN METHYLATION IN 31.2 % (110/353) OF THESE CPGS AND TRANSCRIPTION IN 81.7 % (139/170) OF GENES NEIGHBORING EPIGENETIC CLOCK CPGS. DISEASE ENRICHMENT ANALYSIS OF THESE DEXAMETHASONE-REGULATED GENES SHOWED ENRICHED ASSOCIATION FOR AGING-RELATED DISEASES, INCLUDING CORONARY ARTERY DISEASE, ARTERIOSCLEROSIS, AND LEUKEMIAS. CONCLUSIONS: CUMULATIVE LIFETIME STRESS MAY ACCELERATE EPIGENETIC AGING, AN EFFECT THAT COULD BE DRIVEN BY GLUCOCORTICOID-INDUCED EPIGENETIC CHANGES. THESE FINDINGS CONTRIBUTE TO OUR UNDERSTANDING OF MECHANISMS LINKING CHRONIC STRESS WITH ACCELERATED AGING AND HEIGHTENED DISEASE RISK.	2015	
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                
4  381  32 AN EPIGENOME-WIDE ASSOCIATION STUDY OF EARLY-ONSET MAJOR DEPRESSION IN MONOZYGOTIC TWINS. MAJOR DEPRESSION (MD) IS A DEBILITATING MENTAL HEALTH CONDITION WITH PEAK PREVALENCE OCCURRING EARLY IN LIFE. GENOME-WIDE EXAMINATION OF DNA METHYLATION (DNAM) OFFERS AN ATTRACTIVE COMPLEMENT TO STUDIES OF ALLELIC RISK GIVEN IT CAN REFLECT THE COMBINED INFLUENCE OF GENES AND ENVIRONMENT. THE CURRENT STUDY USED MONOZYGOTIC TWINS TO IDENTIFY DIFFERENTIALLY AND VARIABLY METHYLATED REGIONS OF THE GENOME THAT DISTINGUISH TWINS WITH AND WITHOUT A LIFETIME HISTORY OF EARLY-ONSET MD. THE SAMPLE INCLUDED 150 CAUCASIAN MONOZYGOTIC TWINS BETWEEN THE AGES OF 15 AND 20 (73% FEMALE; MAGE = 17.52 SD = 1.28) WHO WERE ASSESSED DURING A DEVELOPMENTAL STAGE CHARACTERIZED BY RELATIVELY DISTINCT NEUROPHYSIOLOGICAL CHANGES. ALL TWINS WERE GENERALLY HEALTHY AND CURRENTLY FREE OF MEDICATIONS WITH PSYCHOTROPIC EFFECTS. DNAM WAS MEASURED IN PERIPHERAL BLOOD CELLS USING THE INFINIUM HUMAN BEADCHIP 450 K ARRAY. MD ASSOCIATIONS WITH EARLY-ONSET MD WERE DETECTED AT 760 DIFFERENTIALLY AND VARIABLY METHYLATED PROBES/REGIONS THAT MAPPED TO 428 GENES. GENES AND GENOMIC REGIONS INVOLVED NEURAL CIRCUITRY FORMATION, PROJECTION, FUNCTIONING, AND PLASTICITY. GENE ENRICHMENT ANALYSES IMPLICATED GENES RELATED TO NEURON STRUCTURES AND NEURODEVELOPMENTAL PROCESSES INCLUDING CELL-CELL ADHESION GENES (E.G., PCDHA GENES). GENES PREVIOUSLY IMPLICATED IN MOOD AND PSYCHIATRIC DISORDERS AS WELL AS CHRONIC STRESS (E.G., NRG3) ALSO WERE IDENTIFIED. DNAM REGIONS ASSOCIATED WITH EARLY-ONSET MD WERE FOUND TO OVERLAP GENETIC LOCI IDENTIFIED IN THE LATEST PSYCHIATRIC GENOMICS CONSORTIUM META-ANALYSIS OF DEPRESSION. UNDERSTANDING THE TIME COURSE OF EPIGENETIC INFLUENCES DURING EMERGING ADULTHOOD MAY CLARIFY DEVELOPMENTAL PHASES WHERE CHANGES IN THE DNA METHYLOME MAY MODULATE INDIVIDUAL DIFFERENCES IN MD RISK.	2020	
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      
5 6678  24 USING GENETIC BURDEN SCORES FOR GENE-BY-METHYLATION INTERACTION ANALYSIS ON METABOLIC SYNDROME IN AFRICAN AMERICANS. WITH THE RAPID ADVANCEMENT OF OMICS-BASED RESEARCH, PARTICULARLY BIG DATA SUCH AS GENOME- AND EPIGENOME-WIDE ASSOCIATION STUDIES THAT INCLUDE EXTENSIVE ENVIRONMENTAL AND CLINICAL VARIABLES, DATA ANALYTICS HAVE BECOME INCREASINGLY COMPLEX. RESEARCHERS FACE SIGNIFICANT CHALLENGES REGARDING HOW TO ANALYZE MULTIFACTORIAL DATA AND MAKE USE OF THE FINDINGS FOR CLINICAL TRANSLATION. THE PURPOSE OF THIS ARTICLE IS TO PROVIDE A SCIENTIFIC EXEMPLAR FOR USE OF GENETIC BURDEN SCORES AS A DATA ANALYSIS METHOD FOR STUDIES WITH BOTH GENOTYPE AND DNA METHYLATION DATA IN WHICH THE GOAL IS TO EVALUATE ASSOCIATIONS WITH CHRONIC CONDITIONS SUCH AS METABOLIC SYNDROME (METS). THIS STUDY INCLUDED 739 AFRICAN AMERICAN MEN AND WOMEN FROM THE GENETIC EPIDEMIOLOGY NETWORK OF ARTERIOPATHY STUDY WHO MET DIAGNOSTIC CRITERIA FOR METS AND HAD AVAILABLE GENETIC AND EPIGENETIC DATA. GENETIC BURDEN SCORES FOR EVALUATED GENES WERE NOT SIGNIFICANT AFTER MULTIPLE TESTING CORRECTIONS, BUT DNA METHYLATION AT 2 CPG SITES (DIHYDROOROTATE DEHYDROGENASE CG22381196 PFDR = .014; CTNNA3 CG00132141 PFDR = .043) WAS SIGNIFICANTLY ASSOCIATED WITH METS AFTER CONTROLLING FOR MULTIPLE COMPARISONS. INTERACTIONS BETWEEN THE MARGINALLY SIGNIFICANT CPG SITES AND BURDEN SCORES, HOWEVER, WERE NOT SIGNIFICANT. MORE WORK IS REQUIRED IN THIS AREA TO IDENTIFY INTERMEDIATE BIOLOGICAL PATHWAYS INFLUENCED BY ENVIRONMENTAL, GENETIC, AND EPIGENETIC VARIATION THAT MAY EXPLAIN THE HIGH PREVALENCE OF METS AMONG AFRICAN AMERICANS. THIS STUDY DOES SERVE, HOWEVER, AS AN EXAMPLE OF THE USE OF THE GENETIC BURDEN SCORE AS AN ALTERNATIVE DATA ANALYSIS APPROACH FOR COMPLEX STUDIES INVOLVING THE ANALYSIS OF GENETIC AND EPIGENETIC DATA SIMULTANEOUSLY.	2019	
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                             
6 1159  31 CONTEXTUAL MODIFIERS OF HEALTHSPAN, LIFESPAN, AND EPIGENOME IN MICE UNDER CHRONIC SOCIAL STRESS. SUSTAINED LIFE STRESS AND LOW SOCIOECONOMIC STATUS ARE AMONG THE MAJOR CAUSES OF AGING-RELATED DISEASES AND DECREASED LIFE EXPECTANCY. EXPERIMENTAL RODENT MODELS CAN HELP TO IDENTIFY THE UNDERLYING MECHANISMS, YET VERY FEW STUDIES ADDRESS THE LONG-TERM CONSEQUENCES OF SOCIAL STRESS ON AGING. WE CONDUCTED A RANDOMIZED STUDY INVOLVING MORE THAN 300 MALE MICE OF COMMONLY USED LABORATORY STRAINS (C57BL/6J, CD1, AND SV129EV) CHOSEN FOR THE SPONTANEOUS AGGRESSION GRADIENT AND STRESS-VULNERABILITY. MICE WERE EXPOSED TO A LIFELONG CHRONIC PSYCHOSOCIAL STRESS PROTOCOL TO MODEL SOCIAL GRADIENTS IN AGING AND DISEASE VULNERABILITY. LOW SOCIAL RANK, INFERRED BASED ON A DISCRETIZED AGGRESSION INDEX, WAS FOUND TO NEGATIVELY IMPACT LIFESPAN IN OUR STUDY POPULATION. HOWEVER, SOCIAL RANK INTERACTED WITH GENETIC BACKGROUND IN THAT LOW-RANKING C57BL/6J, HIGH-RANKING SV129EV, AND MIDDLE-RANKING CD1 MICE HAD LOWER SURVIVAL, RESPECTIVELY, IMPLYING A COST OF MAINTAINING A GIVEN SOCIAL RANK THAT VARIES ACROSS STRAINS. MACHINE LEARNING LINEAR DISCRIMINANT ANALYSIS IDENTIFIED BASELINE FAT-FREE MASS AS THE MOST IMPORTANT PREDICTOR OF MOUSE GENETIC BACKGROUND AND SOCIAL RANK IN THE PRESENT DATASET. FINALLY, STRAIN AND SOCIAL RANK DIFFERENCES WERE SIGNIFICANTLY ASSOCIATED WITH EPIGENETIC CHANGES, MOST SIGNIFICANTLY IN SV129EV MICE AND IN HIGH-RANKING COMPARED TO LOWER RANKING SUBJECTS. OVERALL, WE IDENTIFIED GENETIC BACKGROUND AND SOCIAL RANK AS CRITICAL CONTEXTUAL MODIFIERS OF AGING AND LIFESPAN IN AN ETHOLOGICALLY RELEVANT RODENT MODEL OF SOCIAL STRESS, THEREBY PROVIDING A PRECLINICAL EXPERIMENTAL PARADIGM TO STUDY THE IMPACT OF SOCIAL DETERMINANTS OF HEALTH DISPARITIES AND ACCELERATED AGING.	2023	
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        
7  276  28 AGE-RELATED DIFFERENCES IN MONOCYTE DNA METHYLATION AND IMMUNE FUNCTION IN HEALTHY KENYAN ADULTS AND CHILDREN. BACKGROUND: AGE-RELATED CHANGES IN ADAPTIVE AND INNATE IMMUNE CELLS HAVE BEEN ASSOCIATED WITH A DECLINE IN EFFECTIVE IMMUNITY AND CHRONIC, LOW-GRADE INFLAMMATION. EPIGENETIC, TRANSCRIPTIONAL, AND FUNCTIONAL CHANGES IN MONOCYTES OCCUR WITH AGING, THOUGH MOST STUDIES TO DATE HAVE FOCUSED ON DIFFERENCES BETWEEN YOUNG ADULTS AND THE ELDERLY IN POPULATIONS WITH EUROPEAN ANCESTRY; FEW DATA EXIST REGARDING CHANGES THAT OCCUR IN CIRCULATING MONOCYTES DURING THE FIRST FEW DECADES OF LIFE OR IN AFRICAN POPULATIONS. WE ANALYZED DNA METHYLATION PROFILES, CYTOKINE PRODUCTION, AND INFLAMMATORY GENE EXPRESSION PROFILES IN MONOCYTES FROM YOUNG ADULTS AND CHILDREN FROM WESTERN KENYA. RESULTS: WE IDENTIFIED SEVERAL HYPO- AND HYPER-METHYLATED CPG SITES IN MONOCYTES FROM KENYAN YOUNG ADULTS VS. CHILDREN THAT REPLICATED FINDINGS IN THE CURRENT LITERATURE OF DIFFERENTIAL DNA METHYLATION IN MONOCYTES FROM ELDERLY PERSONS VS. YOUNG ADULTS ACROSS DIVERSE POPULATIONS. DIFFERENTIALLY METHYLATED CPG SITES WERE ALSO NOTED IN GENE REGIONS IMPORTANT TO INFLAMMATION AND INNATE IMMUNE RESPONSES. MONOCYTES FROM KENYAN YOUNG ADULTS VS. CHILDREN DISPLAYED INCREASED PRODUCTION OF IL-8, IL-10, AND IL-12P70 IN RESPONSE TO TLR4 AND TLR2/1 STIMULATION AS WELL AS DISTINCT INFLAMMATORY GENE EXPRESSION PROFILES. CONCLUSIONS: THESE FINDINGS COMPLEMENT PREVIOUS REPORTS OF AGE-RELATED METHYLATION CHANGES IN ISOLATED MONOCYTES AND PROVIDE NOVEL INSIGHTS INTO THE ROLE OF AGE-ASSOCIATED CHANGES IN INNATE IMMUNE FUNCTIONS.	2021	
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              
8 6137  21 THE EPIGENETICS OF PSYCHOSIS: A STRUCTURED REVIEW WITH REPRESENTATIVE LOCI. THE EVIDENCE FOR AN ENVIRONMENTAL COMPONENT IN CHRONIC PSYCHOTIC DISORDERS IS STRONG AND RESEARCH ON THE EPIGENETIC MANIFESTATIONS OF THESE ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS HAS COMMENCED IN EARNEST. IN REVIEWING THIS RESEARCH, THE FOCUS IS ON THREE GENES AS MODELS FOR DIFFERENTIAL METHYLATION, MCHR1, AKT1 AND TDO2, EACH OF WHICH HAVE BEEN INVESTIGATED FOR GENETIC ASSOCIATION WITH PSYCHOTIC DISORDERS. ENVIRONMENTAL FACTORS ASSOCIATED WITH PSYCHOTIC DISORDERS, AND WHICH INTERACT WITH THESE MODEL GENES, ARE EXPLORED IN DEPTH. THE LOCATION OF TRANSCRIPTION FACTOR MOTIFS RELATIVE TO KEY METHYLATION SITES IS EVALUATED FOR PREDICTED GENE EXPRESSION RESULTS, AND FOR OTHER SITES, EVIDENCE IS PRESENTED FOR METHYLATION DIRECTING ALTERNATIVE SPLICING. EXPERIMENTAL RESULTS FROM KEY STUDIES SHOW DIFFERENTIAL METHYLATION: FOR MCHR1, IN PSYCHOSIS CASES VERSUS CONTROLS; FOR AKT1, AS A PRE-EXISTING METHYLATION PATTERN INFLUENCING BRAIN ACTIVATION FOLLOWING ACUTE ADMINISTRATION OF A PSYCHOSIS-ELICITING ENVIRONMENTAL STIMULUS; AND FOR TDO2, IN A PATTERN ASSOCIATED WITH A DEVELOPMENTAL FACTOR OF RISK FOR PSYCHOSIS, IN ALL CASES THE PREDICTED EXPRESSION IMPACT BEING HIGHLY DEPENDENT ON LOCATION. METHYLATION INDUCED BY SMOKING, A CONFOUNDING VARIABLE, EXHIBITS AN INTRIGUING PATTERN FOR ALL THREE GENES. FINALLY, HOW DIFFERENTIAL METHYLATION MESHES WITH DARWINIAN PRINCIPLES IS EXAMINED, IN PARTICULAR AS IT RELATES TO THE "FLEXIBLE STEM" THEORY OF EVOLUTION.	2022	
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                     
9 6911  23 [TWO GERMAN BIRTH COHORTS: GINIPLUS AND LISAPLUS]. NUMEROUS CHRONIC DISEASES IN CHILDHOOD AND ADULTHOOD HAVE THEIR ORIGINS IN PERINATAL LIFE AND ARE POTENTIALLY INFLUENCED BY TRANS-GENERATIONAL EPIGENETIC PROCESSES. THEREFORE, PROSPECTIVE BIRTH COHORTS CAN SUBSTANTIALLY CONTRIBUTE TO OUR KNOWLEDGE ABOUT THE ETIOLOGY OF DISEASES INCLUDING MODIFIABLE RISK FACTORS. THE TWO POPULATION-BASED GERMAN BIRTH COHORTS GINIPLUS AND LISAPLUS AIM TO DESCRIBE THE NATURAL COURSE OF CHRONIC DISEASES AND INTERMEDIATE PHENOTYPES IN CHILDHOOD AND ITS DETERMINANTS, AND TO IDENTIFY POTENTIAL GENETIC EFFECT MODIFICATIONS. IN THE MID-1990S, 5,991 (GINIPLUS) AND 3,097 (LISAPLUS) HEALTHY, TERM NEWBORNS WERE RECRUITED FOR LONG-TERM FOLLOW-UP IN FOUR REGIONS OF GERMANY. THE FOLLOW-UP RATE FOR THE FIRST 10 YEARS WAS ABOUT 55%. WE ANALYZED THE GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT OF OVERWEIGHT, INFECTIONS AND ALLERGIC DISEASES, MENTAL AND ORAL HEALTH, METABOLIC AND INFLAMMATORY PARAMETERS AND THE ROLE OF POTENTIAL RISK FACTORS INCLUDING GENETICS. THE RESULTS OF THESE TWO BIRTH COHORTS SUBSTANTIALLY CONTRIBUTE TO THE CURRENT KNOWLEDGE ABOUT THE NATURAL COURSE OF THESE HEALTH PARAMETERS. THESE DATA WERE INCLUDED IN MANY INTERNATIONAL PROJECTS AND CONSORTIA FOR PURPOSES OF INTERNATIONAL COMPARISONS OF PREVALENCE AND CONSISTENCY OF FINDINGS, AND TO INCREASE THE POWER OF THE ANALYSES.	2012	
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        
10 6751  21 WHY ARE PEOPLE WITH HIV CONSIDERED "OLDER ADULTS" IN THEIR FIFTIES? ONE IN SIX NEW HIV DIAGNOSES IN EUROPE OCCUR AMONG PEOPLE OVER 50 YEARS OF AGE. AS IN THE GENERAL POPULATION, THE AGING PROCESS IS NOT HOMOGENEOUS AMONG OLDER ADULTS WITH HIV, AND SOME OF THEM EXHIBIT IMPAIRED PHYSICAL FUNCTION, HIGHER FRAILTY AND MORE FREQUENT GERIATRIC SYNDROMES. THESE ILLNESS REFLECT A HIGHER BIOLOGICAL AGE INDEPENDENTLY OF THEIR CHRONOLOGICAL AGE. AFTER STARTING ANTIRRETROVIRAL TREATMENT, PEOPLE LIVING WITH HIV (PLWH) OLDER THAN 50 EXHIBIT A POORER IMMUNOLOGICAL RECOVERY THAN YOUNGER PLWH. MOREOVER, OLDER ADULTS WITH HIV PRESENT EARLY ONSET OF COMORBIDITIES AND FUNCTIONAL IMPAIRMENT CAUSED BY PERSISTENT AND CHRONIC ACTIVATION OF THE IMMUNE SYSTEM, WHICH LEADS TO IMMUNE EXHAUSTION AND ACCELERATED IMMUNOSENESCENCE DESPITE OPTIMAL SUPPRESSION OF HIV REPLICATION. THE EVIDENCE OF POORER IMMUNOLOGICAL RESPONSE TO ARV, LINKED WITH EARLY IMMUNOSENESCENCE IN PLWH AND ITS PREMATURELY DELETERIOUS EFFECT IN PHYSIOLOGICAL FUNCTIONS AND ITS CLINICAL CONSEQUENCES, ARE THE BASIS TO ACCEPT THE CUT-OFF OF 50 YEARS OF AGE TO DEFINE AN "OLDER ADULT WITH HIV".	2019	
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                             
11 1749  24 EARLY LIFE INTERVENTIONS CAN SHAPE AGING. IT IS WELL DOCUMENTED THAT THE ENVIRONMENT OF THE DEVELOPING FETUS, INCLUDING AVAILABILITY OF NUTRIENTS AND PRESENCE OF TOXINS, CAN HAVE MAJOR IMPACT ON ADULT PHENOTYPE, AGE-RELATED TRAITS AND RISK OF CHRONIC DISEASE. THERE IS ALSO ACCUMULATING EVIDENCE THAT POSTNATAL ENVIRONMENT CAN IMPACT ADULT CHARACTERISTICS RELATED TO EVOLUTIONARY FITNESS, HEALTH, AND AGING. TO DETERMINE WHETHER EARLY LIFE HORMONAL INTERVENTIONS CAN ALTER TRAJECTORY OF AGING, WE HAVE EXAMINED THE EFFECTS OF EARLY LIFE GROWTH HORMONE (GH) REPLACEMENT THERAPY IN PROP1(DF) (AMES DWARF) MICE WHICH ARE GH DEFICIENT AND REMARKABLY LONG LIVED. TWICE-DAILY GH INJECTIONS BETWEEN THE AGES OF TWO AND EIGHT WEEKS COMPLETELY NORMALIZED ("RESCUED") A NUMBER OF ADULT METABOLIC CHARACTERISTICS BELIEVED TO CONTRIBUTE TO EXTENDED LONGEVITY OF THESE MUTANTS. IMPORTANTLY, LONGEVITY OF AMES DWARF MICE WAS REDUCED BY EARLY LIFE GH TREATMENT. THIS WAS ASSOCIATED WITH HISTONE H3 MODIFICATIONS. WE CONCLUDE THAT THE TRAJECTORY OF MAMMALIAN AGING CAN BE MODIFIED BY EARLY LIFE INTERVENTIONS. MECHANISTIC LINKS AMONG INTERVENTIONS DURING POSTNATAL DEVELOPMENT, ADULT METABOLIC CHARACTERISTICS, AGING, AND LONGEVITY, APPARENTLY INVOLVE EPIGENETIC PHENOMENA.	2022	
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            
12 1095  27 COHORT PROFILE: THE EWHA BIRTH AND GROWTH STUDY. WITH THE INTRODUCTION OF LIFE-COURSE EPIDEMIOLOGY, RESEARCHERS REALIZED THE IMPORTANCE OF IDENTIFYING RISK FACTORS IN EARLY LIFE TO PREVENT CHRONIC DISEASES. THIS LED TO THE ESTABLISHMENT OF THE EWHA BIRTH AND GROWTH STUDY IN 2001; THE STUDY IS A PROSPECTIVE BIRTH COHORT DESIGNED TO PROVIDE EVIDENCE OF EARLY LIFE RISK FACTORS FOR A CHILD'S GROWTH AND HEALTH. PARTICIPANTS WERE RECRUITED FROM THOSE WHO VISITED EWHA WOMANS UNIVERSITY MOKDONG HOSPITAL (A TERTIARY HOSPITAL IN SOUTHWEST SEOUL, KOREA) FOR PRENATAL CARE AT 24-28 WEEKS OF GESTATION. IN TOTAL, 891 MOTHERS ENROLLED IN THIS STUDY BETWEEN 2001 AND 2006 AND THEIR OFFSPRING (N=940) WERE FOLLOWED-UP. REGULAR CHECK-UP EXAMINATIONS OF OFFSPRING WERE CONDUCTED AT 3 YEARS, 5 YEARS, AND 7 YEARS OF AGE AND EVERY YEAR THEREAFTER. TO CONSIDER AGE-RELATED HEALTH ISSUES, EXTENSIVE DATA WERE COLLECTED USING QUESTIONNAIRES AND MEASUREMENTS. IN 2021, THE STUDY SUBJECTS WILL REACH 19 YEARS OF AGE, AND WE ARE PLANNING A CHECK-UP EXAMINATION FOR EARLY ADULTHOOD. ABOUT 20 YEARS HAVE PASSED SINCE THE COHORT DATA WERE COLLECTED, AND WE HAVE PUBLISHED RESULTS ON CHILDHOOD HEALTH OUTCOMES ASSOCIATED WITH PRENATAL AND BIRTH CHARACTERISTICS, GENETIC AND EPIGENETIC CHARACTERISTICS RELATED TO CHILDHOOD METABOLISM, THE EFFECTS OF EXPOSURE TO ENDOCRINE DISRUPTORS, AND DIETARY PATTERNS IN CHILDHOOD. RECENTLY, WE STARTED REPORTING ON TOPICS RELATED TO ADOLESCENT HEALTH. THE FINDINGS WILL FACILITATE IDENTIFICATION OF EARLY LIFE RISK FACTORS FOR CHRONIC DISEASES AND THE DEVELOPMENT OF INTERVENTIONS FOR DISEASES LATER IN LIFE.	2021	
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                
13 1408  29 DIETARY INTAKE IS ASSOCIATED WITH RESPIRATORY HEALTH OUTCOMES AND DNA METHYLATION IN CHILDREN WITH ASTHMA. BACKGROUND: ASTHMA IS AN INCREASINGLY COMMON CHRONIC DISEASE AMONG CHILDREN, AND DATA POINT TOWARD A COMPLEX MECHANISM INVOLVING GENETIC, ENVIRONMENTAL AND EPIGENETIC FACTORS. EPIGENETIC MODIFICATIONS SUCH AS DNA HYPO- OR HYPER-METHYLATION HAVE BEEN SHOWN TO OCCUR IN RESPONSE TO ENVIRONMENTAL EXPOSURES INCLUDING DIETARY NUTRIENTS. METHODS: WITHIN THE CONTEXT OF THE ASTHMA RANDOMIZED TRIAL OF INDOOR WOOD SMOKE (ARTIS) STUDY, WE INVESTIGATED RELATIONSHIPS BETWEEN DIET, ASTHMA HEALTH MEASURES, AND DNA METHYLATION. ASTHMA HEALTH MEASURES INCLUDED A QUALITY OF LIFE INSTRUMENT, DIURNAL PEAK FLOW VARIABILITY (DPFV) AND FORCED EXPIRATORY VOLUME IN THE FIRST SECOND (FEV(1)). DIETARY INTAKE WAS ASSESSED WITH A FOOD FREQUENCY QUESTIONNAIRE. METHYLATION LEVELS OF LINE-1 REPETITIVE ELEMENT AND TWO PROMOTER CPG SITES FOR INTERFERON GAMMA (IFNGAMMA, -186 AND -54) FROM BUCCAL CELL DNA WERE MEASURED USING PYROSEQUENCING ASSAYS. RESULTS: DATA WERE COLLECTED ON 32 CHILDREN WITH ASTHMA LIVING IN WESTERN MONTANA WHO WERE RECRUITED TO THE ARTIS STUDY. SELENIUM AND SEVERAL METHYL DONOR DIETARY NUTRIENTS WERE POSITIVELY ASSOCIATED WITH THE ASTHMA QUALITY OF LIFE MEASURE. INTAKE OF METHYL DONATING NUTRIENTS INCLUDING FOLATE WAS POSITIVELY ASSOCIATED LINE-1 METHYLATION AND NEGATIVELY ASSOCIATED WITH IFNGAMMA CPG-186. HIGHER LEVELS OF LINE-1 METHYLATION WERE ASSOCIATED WITH GREATER DPFV. CONCLUSION: WE IDENTIFIED SEVERAL NUTRIENTS THAT WERE ASSOCIATED WITH IMPROVED QUALITY OF LIFE MEASURES AMONG CHILDREN WITH ASTHMA. THE IFNGAMMA PROMOTER CPG SITE -186 BUT NOT -54 WAS ASSOCIATED WITH THE INTAKE OF SELECTED DIETARY NUTRIENTS. HOWEVER, IN THIS SMALL POPULATION OF CHILDREN WITH ASTHMA, THE IFNGAMMA PROMOTER CPG SITES WERE NOT ASSOCIATED WITH RESPIRATORY HEALTH MEASURES SO IT REMAINS UNCLEAR THROUGH WHICH EPIGENETIC MECHANISM THESE NUTRIENTS ARE IMPACTING THE QUALITY OF LIFE MEASURE. THESE FINDINGS ADD TO THE EVIDENCE THAT DIETARY NUTRIENTS, PARTICULARLY FOODS CONTAINING METHYL DONORS, MAY BE IMPORTANT FOR EPIGENETIC REGULATION AS IT PERTAINS TO THE CONTROL OF ASTHMA. TRIAL REGISTRATION CLINCIALTRIALS.GOV NCT00807183. REGISTERED 10 DECEMBER 2008.	2017	
                                                                                                                                 
14 6853  22 [NEUROBIOLOGY OF EARLY LIFE TRAUMATIC STRESS AND TRAUMA: PROLONGED NEUROENDOCRINE DYSREGULATION AS A NEURODEVELOPMENTAL RISK FACTOR]. EARLY LIFE STRESSORS DISPLAY A HIGH UNIVERSAL PREVALENCE AND CONSTITUTE A MAJOR PUBLIC HEALTH PROBLEM WITH TWO THIRDS OF YOUTH BEING EXPOSED TO POTENTIALLY TRAUMATIC EXPERIENCES BY THE AGE OF 17. TRAUMATIC STRESS EXPOSURE DURING CRITICAL PERIODS OF DEVELOPMENT MAY HAVE ESSENTIAL AND LONG-LASTING EFFECTS ON THE PHYSICAL AND MENTAL HEALTH OF INDIVIDUALS AND REPRESENTS A DEVELOPMENTAL RISK FACTOR MEDIATING RISK FOR DISEASE. EARLY-LIFE STRESS (ELS) AND CHILDHOOD TRAUMA (CT) CAN BOTH HAVE AN IMPACT ON SENSITIVE NEURONAL BRAIN NETWORKS INVOLVED IN STRESS REACTIONS, AND COULD EXERT A PROGRAMMING EFFECT ON GLUCOCORTICOID SIGNALING LEADING TO CHRONIC HYPER- OR HYPO-ACTIVATION OF THE STRESS SYSTEM. IN ADDITION, ALTERATIONS IN EMOTIONAL AND AUTONOMIC REACTIVITY, CIRCADIAN RHYTHM DISRUPTION, FUNCTIONAL AND STRUCTURAL CHANGES IN THE BRAIN, AS WELL AS IMMUNE AND METABOLIC DYSREGULATION HAVE BEEN LATELY IDENTIFIED AS IMPORTANT RISK FACTORS FOR A CHRONICALLY IMPAIRED HOMEOSTATIC BALANCE AFTER ELS/CT. FURTHERMORE, HUMAN GENETIC BACKGROUND AND EPIGENETIC MODIFICATIONS THROUGH STRESS-RELATED GENE EXPRESSION COULD INTERACT WITH THESE ALTERATIONS AND EXPLAIN INTER-INDIVIDUAL VARIATION IN VULNERABILITY OR RESILIENCE TO STRESS. THIS NARRATIVE REVIEW PRESENTS RELEVANT EVIDENCE FROM MAINLY HUMAN RESEARCH ON THE MOST ACKNOWLEDGED NEUROBIOLOGICAL ALLOSTATIC PATHWAYS EXERTING ENDURING ADVERSE EFFECTS OF ELS/CT EVEN DECADES LATER. FUTURE STUDIES SHOULD PROSPECTIVELY INVESTIGATE POTENTIAL CONFOUNDERS, THEIR TEMPORAL SEQUENCE AND COMBINED EFFECTS AT THE BIOLOGICAL LEVEL, WHILE CONSIDERING THE POTENTIALLY DELAYED TIME-FRAME FOR THE EXPRESSION OF THEIR EFFECTS. FINALLY, SCREENING STRATEGIES FOR ELS/CT AND TRAUMA NEED TO BE IMPROVED. INFORMATION ABOUT ELS/CT HISTORY AND THE NUMBER OF ADVERSE EXPERIENCES COULD HELP TO BETTER IDENTIFY THE INDIVIDUAL RISK FOR DISEASE DEVELOPMENT, PREDICT INDIVIDUAL TREATMENT RESPONSE AND DESIGN PREVENTION STRATEGIES TO REDUCE THE NEGATIVE EFFECTS OF ELS/CT.	2023	
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                           
15 6127  27 THE EPIGENETIC OVERLAP BETWEEN OBESITY AND MOOD DISORDERS: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW. (1) BACKGROUND: OBESITY AND MOOD DISORDERS ARE CONSIDERED AS THE MOST PREVALENT MORBIDITIES IN MANY COUNTRIES. WE SUPPOSE THAT EPIGENETIC MECHANISMS MAY INDUCE HIGHER RATES OF OBESITY IN SUBJECTS WHO SUFFER FROM MOOD DISORDERS. IN THIS SYSTEMATIC REVIEW, WE FOCUSED ON THE POTENTIAL ROLES OF DNA METHYLATION ON MOOD DISORDERS AND OBESITY DEVELOPMENT. (2) METHODS: THIS SYSTEMATIC REVIEW WAS CONDUCTED IN ACCORDANCE WITH THE PRISMA STATEMENT AND REGISTERED IN PROSPERO. A SYSTEMATIC SEARCH WAS CONDUCTED IN MEDLINE, SCOPUS, WEB OF SCIENCE, COCHRANE CENTRAL DATABASE, EMBASE, AND CINHAL. WE ALSO CONDUCTED A GREY LITERATURE SEARCH, SUCH AS GOOGLE SCHOLAR. (3) RESULTS: AFTER DEDUPLICATION, WE IDENTIFIED 198 POTENTIALLY RELATED CITATIONS. FINALLY, TEN UNIQUE STUDIES MET OUR INCLUSION CRITERIA. WE HAVE FOUND THREE OVERLAP GENES THAT SHOW SIGNIFICANT DNA METHYLATION CHANGES, BOTH IN OBESITY AND DEPRESSION. PATHWAY ANALYSIS INTERACTION FOR TAPBP, BDNF, AND SORBS2 CONFIRMED THE RELATION OF THESE GENES IN BOTH OBESITY AND MOOD DISORDERS. (4) CONCLUSIONS: WHILE MECHANISMS LINKING BOTH OBESITY AND MOOD DISORDERS TO EPIGENETIC RESPONSE ARE STILL UNKNOWN, WE HAVE ALREADY KNOWN CHRONIC INFLAMMATION INDUCES A NOVEL EPIGENETIC PROGRAM. AS THE RESULTS OF GENE ENRICHMENT, PATHWAYS ANALYSIS SHOWED THAT TAPBP, BDNF, AND SORBS2 LINKED TOGETHER BY INFLAMMATORY PATHWAYS. HYPERMETHYLATION IN THESE GENES MIGHT PLAY A CRUCIAL RULE IN THE CO-OCCURRENCE OF OBESITY AND MOOD DISORDERS.	2020	
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                     
16 5737  31 SMOKING AND HEALTH: ASSOCIATION BETWEEN TELOMERE LENGTH AND FACTORS IMPACTING ON HUMAN DISEASE, QUALITY OF LIFE AND LIFE SPAN IN A LARGE POPULATION-BASED COHORT UNDER THE EFFECT OF SMOKING DURATION. REACTIVE OXYGEN SPECIES (ROS) ARE OF PRIMARY IMPORTANCE AS THEY CAUSE DAMAGE TO LIPIDS, PROTEINS, AND DNA EITHER ENDOGENOUSLY BY CELLULAR MECHANISM, OR THROUGH EXOGENOUS EXPOSURE TO ENVIRONMENTAL INJURY FACTORS, INCLUDING OXIDATION INSULT FACTORS, SUCH AS TOBACCO SMOKE. CURRENTLY 46.3 MILLION ADULTS (25.7 PERCENT OF THE POPULATION) ARE SMOKERS. THIS INCLUDES 24 MILLION MEN (28.1 PERCENT OF THE TOTAL) AND MORE THAN 22 MILLION WOMEN (23.5 PERCENT). THE PREVALENCE IS HIGHEST AMONG PERSONS 25-44 YEARS OF AGE. CIGARETTE SMOKERS HAVE A HIGHER RISK OF DEVELOPING SEVERAL CHRONIC DISORDERS. THESE INCLUDE FATTY BUILDUPS IN ARTERIES, SEVERAL TYPES OF CANCER AND CHRONIC OBSTRUCTIVE PULMONARY DISEASE (LUNG PROBLEMS). AS PERIPHERAL LEUKOCYTES HAVE BEEN THE MAIN TARGET OF HUMAN TELOMERE RESEARCH, MOST OF WHAT IS KNOWN ABOUT HUMAN TELOMERE DYNAMICS IN VIVO IS BASED ON THESE CELLS. LEUKOCYTE TELOMERE LENGTH (TL) IS A COMPLEX TRAIT THAT IS SHAPED BY GENETIC, EPIGENETIC, AND ENVIRONMENTAL DETERMINANTS. IN THIS ARTICLE, WE CONSIDER THAT SMOKING MODIFIES LEUKOCYTE TL IN HUMANS AND CONTRIBUTES TO ITS VARIABILITY AMONG INDIVIDUALS, ALTHOUGH THE SMOKING EFFECT ON TL AND ITS RELATION WITH OTHER METABOLIC INDICES MAY ACCELERATE BIOLOGICAL AGING AND DEVELOPMENT OF SMOKING-INDUCED CHRONIC DISEASES IN A LARGE HUMAN POPULATION-BASED COHORTS WITH SMOKING BEHAVIOR. RECENT STUDIES CONFIRMED THAT INDIVIDUALS WITH SHORTER TELOMERES PRESENT A HIGHER PREVALENCE OF ARTERIAL LESIONS AND HIGHER RISK OF CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE MORTALITY. THIS STUDY ORIGINALLY SUGGESTS THAT EFFICIENT THERAPEUTIC PROTECTION OF TL AND STRUCTURE IN RESPONSE TO STRESSES THAT ARE KNOWN TO REDUCE TL, SUCH AS OXIDATIVE DAMAGE OR INFLAMMATION ASSOCIATED WITH TOBACCO SMOKING, WOULD LEAD TO BETTER TELOMERE MAINTENANCE. RECENTLY, WE HAVE DISCOVERED THE POTENTIAL USE OF TELOMERE-RESTORATIVE IMIDAZOLE-CONTAINING DIPEPTIDE (NON-HYDROLIZED CARNOSINE, CARCININE) BASED THERAPY FOR BETTER SURVIVAL OF SMOKERS. WE CONCLUDE THAT A BETTER THERAPEUTIC OR NUTRITIONAL MAINTENANCE OF TL MAY CONFER HEALTHY AGING IN SMOKERS AND EXCEPTIONAL LONGEVITY IN REGULARLY ROS-EXPOSED HUMAN SURVIVORS.	2011	
                                                 
17 1671  22 DRD2 METHYLATION IS ASSOCIATED WITH EXECUTIVE CONTROL NETWORK CONNECTIVITY AND SEVERITY OF ALCOHOL PROBLEMS AMONG A SAMPLE OF POLYSUBSTANCE USERS. CHRONIC EXPOSURE TO ALCOHOL AND OTHER DRUGS OF ABUSE HAS BEEN ASSOCIATED WITH DELETERIOUS CONSEQUENCES, INCLUDING FUNCTIONAL CONNECTIVITY DEFICITS WITHIN NEURAL NETWORKS ASSOCIATED WITH EXECUTIVE CONTROL. ALTERED FUNCTIONAL CONNECTIVITY WITHIN THE EXECUTIVE CONTROL NETWORK (ECN) MIGHT UNDERLIE THE PROGRESSIVE INABILITY TO CONTROL CONSUMPTION OF ALCOHOL AND OTHER DRUGS AS SUBSTANCE USE DISORDERS PROGRESS. GENETIC AND EPIGENETIC FACTORS HAVE BEEN ASSOCIATED WITH SUBSTANCE USE DISORDERS (SUDS). FOR EXAMPLE, DOPAMINE RECEPTOR 2 (DRD2) FUNCTIONING HAS BEEN ASSOCIATED WITH ALCOHOL USE DISORDER (AUD) AND RELATED PHENOTYPES, INCLUDING CORRELATES OF EXECUTIVE FUNCTIONING. THE PRESENT STUDY AIMS TO EXPLORE THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN A CONTINUOUS MEASURE OF ALCOHOL-RELATED PROBLEMS, EPIGENETIC MARKERS (METHYLATION) WITHIN THE DRD2 GENE, AND FUNCTIONAL CONNECTIVITY WITHIN THE ECN AMONG A SAMPLE OF POLYSUBSTANCE USERS. A COMMUNITY SAMPLE OF 658 SUBJECTS, WHOSE CONSUMPTION OF ALCOHOL, NICOTINE, AND CANNABIS SPAN ACROSS A SPECTRUM OF QUANTITY AND FREQUENCY OF USE, WERE OBTAINED ACROSS PREVIOUS STUDIES IN POLYSUBSTANCE USING POPULATIONS. RESTING STATE FUNCTIONAL MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING WAS ANALYZED TO IDENTIFY INTRINSIC CONNECTIVITY NETWORKS USING A PRIORI REGIONS OF INTEREST. METHYLATION MEASUREMENT OF FUNCTIONALLY RELEVANT SITES WITHIN THE DRD2 GENE WAS ACHIEVED VIA PYROSEQUENCING. REGRESSION-BASED MODELS, INCLUDING MEDIATION AND MODERATION MODELS, TESTED THE ASSOCIATION BETWEEN DRD2 METHYLATION, FUNCTIONAL CONNECTIVITY WITHIN INTRINSIC NEURAL NETWORKS (INCLUDING THE ECN), AND SEVERITY OF ALCOHOL PROBLEMS. RESULTS SUGGEST THAT AVERAGE DRD2 METHYLATION WAS NEGATIVELY ASSOCIATED WITH RIGHT ECN (RECN) AND LEFT ECN (LECN) CONNECTIVITY, BUT NOT ASSOCIATED WITH OTHER NETWORKS TESTED, AND DRD2 METHYLATION WAS SIGNIFICANTLY ASSOCIATED WITH ALCOHOL PROBLEMS SEVERITY. MEDIATION MODELS WERE NOT SUPPORTED, ALTHOUGH MODERATION MODELS SUGGESTED THAT CONNECTIVITY BETWEEN EDGES WITHIN THE RECN MODERATED THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN DRD2 METHYLATION AND AUD SEVERITY. RESULTS SUPPORT A THEORETICAL MODEL IN WHICH EPIGENETIC FACTORS ARE ASSOCIATED WITH NEUROBIOLOGICAL CORRELATES OF ALCOHOL CONSUMPTION AMONG A SAMPLE OF POLYSUBSTANCE USERS.	2020	

18 1772  30 EARLY-LIFE SOCIOECONOMIC DISADVANTAGE, NOT CURRENT, PREDICTS ACCELERATED EPIGENETIC AGING OF MONOCYTES. LOW SOCIOECONOMIC STATUS (SES) IN EARLY-LIFE AND ADULTHOOD INDEPENDENTLY CONTRIBUTE TO INCREASED RISK FOR AGING-RELATED CHRONIC DISEASES. ONE MECHANISTIC HYPOTHESIS FOR THESE ASSOCIATIONS INVOLVES FASTER CELLULAR AGING OF IMMUNE CELLS, WHICH COULD PLAUSIBLY CONTRIBUTE TO CHRONIC DISEASE PATHOGENESIS BY COMPROMISING HOST RESISTANCE AND/OR UP-REGULATING INFLAMMATION. HOWEVER, LITTLE IS KNOWN ABOUT THE ASSOCIATION BETWEEN LIFE-COURSE SES AND CELLULAR AGING. THE PRESENT STUDY EXAMINES THE ASSOCIATION OF EARLY-LIFE AND CURRENT SES WITH A NOVEL BIOMARKER OF CELLULAR AGING TERMED THE "EPIGENETIC CLOCK," IN MONOCYTES. ADDITIONALLY, WE EXAMINE HEALTH BEHAVIORS AND DEPRESSIVE SYMPTOMS AS POTENTIAL EXPLANATORY PATHWAYS. THE STUDY INVOLVED 335 PARTICIPANTS BETWEEN THE AGES OF 15 AND 55 FROM VANCOUVER, CANADA AND SURROUNDING AREAS. ENROLLED PARTICIPANTS HAD TO FIT INTO FOUR LIFE-COURSE SES TRAJECTORIES, CORRESPONDING TO LOW-LOW, LOW-HIGH, HIGH-LOW AND HIGH-HIGH COMBINATIONS OF EARLY-LIFE (AGES 0 TO 5) AND CURRENT SES RESPECTIVELY. CELLULAR AGING OF MONOCYTES WAS MEASURED USING HORVATH'S DNA METHYLATION DERIVED MEASURE OF EPIGENETIC AGE ACCELERATION. RESULTS INDICATED THAT SOCIOECONOMIC DISADVANTAGE DURING EARLY-LIFE, BUT NOT LATER IN LIFE, WAS ASSOCIATED WITH ACCELERATED EPIGENETIC AGING OF MONOCYTES. NO EARLY-LIFE SES BY CURRENT SES INTERACTION WAS DETECTED, SUGGESTING THAT SOCIOECONOMIC MOBILITY IS UNRELATED TO EPIGENETIC AGE ACCELERATION. IN PATH ANALYSES, NEITHER CURRENT HEALTH BEHAVIORS NOR CURRENT DEPRESSIVE SYMPTOMS EMERGED AS MEDIATORS OF THE EARLY-LIFE SES EFFECT. THESE FINDINGS SUGGEST SOCIOECONOMIC DISADVANTAGE IN EARLY-LIFE IS INDEPENDENTLY PREDICTIVE OF CELLULAR AGING OF IMMUNE CELLS, WITH POTENTIAL IMPLICATIONS FOR AGING-RELATED DISEASES LATER IN LIFE.	2018	
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      
19 6195  31 THE IMPACT OF RECENT ALCOHOL USE ON GENOME WIDE DNA METHYLATION SIGNATURES. CHRONIC ALCOHOL INTAKE IS ASSOCIATED WITH A WIDE VARIETY OF ADVERSE HEALTH OUTCOMES INCLUDING DEPRESSION, DIABETES, AND HEART DISEASE. UNFORTUNATELY, THE MOLECULAR MECHANISMS THROUGH WHICH THESE EFFECTS ARE CONVEYED ARE NOT CLEARLY UNDERSTOOD. TO EXAMINE THE POTENTIAL ROLE OF EPIGENETIC FACTORS IN THIS PROCESS, WE EXAMINED THE RELATIONSHIP OF RECENT ALCOHOL INTAKE TO GENOME WIDE METHYLATION PATTERNS USING THE ILLUMINA 450 METHYLATION BEAD CHIP AND LYMPHOBLAST DNA DERIVED FROM 165 FEMALE SUBJECTS PARTICIPATING IN THE IOWA ADOPTION STUDIES. WE FOUND THAT THE PATTERN OF ALCOHOL USE OVER THE 6-MONTHS IMMEDIATELY PRIOR TO PHLEBOTOMY WAS ASSOCIATED WITH, SEVERITY-DEPENDENT CHANGES IN THE DEGREE OF GENOME WIDE METHYLATION THAT PREFERENTIALLY HYPERMETHYLATE THE CENTRAL PORTION OF CPG ISLANDS WITH METHYLATION AT CG05600126, A PROBE IN ABR, AND THE 5' UNTRANSLATED REGION OF BLCAP ATTAINING GENOME WIDE SIGNIFICANCE IN TWO POINT AND SLIDING WINDOW ANALYSES OF PROBE METHYLATION DATA, RESPECTIVELY. WE CONCLUDE THAT RECENT ALCOHOL USE IS ASSOCIATED WITH WIDESPREAD CHANGES IN DNA METHYLATION IN WOMEN AND THAT FURTHER STUDY TO CONFIRM THESE FINDINGS AND DETERMINE THEIR RELATIONSHIP TO SOMATIC FUNCTION ARE IN ORDER.	2012	
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        
20 5398  26 REDUCED MOUSE ALLERGEN IS ASSOCIATED WITH EPIGENETIC CHANGES IN REGULATORY GENES, BUT NOT MOUSE SENSITIZATION, IN ASTHMATIC CHILDREN. CHRONIC EXPOSURE TO MOUSE ALLERGEN MAY CONTRIBUTE GREATLY TO THE INNER-CITY ASTHMA BURDEN. WE HYPOTHESIZED THAT REDUCING MOUSE ALLERGEN EXPOSURE MAY MODULATE THE IMMUNOPATHOLOGY UNDERLYING SYMPTOMATIC PEDIATRIC ALLERGIC ASTHMA, AND THAT THIS OCCURS THROUGH EPIGENETIC REGULATION. TO TEST THIS HYPOTHESIS, WE STUDIED A COHORT OF MOUSE SENSITIZED, PERSISTENT ASTHMATIC INNER-CITY CHILDREN UNDERGOING MOUSE ALLERGEN-TARGETED INTEGRATED PEST MANAGEMENT (IPM) VS EDUCATION IN A RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED INTERVENTION TRIAL. WE FOUND THAT DECREASING MOUSE ALLERGEN EXPOSURE, BUT NOT COCKROACH, WAS ASSOCIATED WITH REDUCED FOXP3 BUCCAL DNA PROMOTER METHYLATION, BUT THIS WAS UNRELATED TO MOUSE SPECIFIC IGE PRODUCTION. THIS FINDING SUGGESTS THAT THE ENVIRONMENTAL EPIGENETIC REGULATION OF AN IMMUNOMODULATORY GENE MAY OCCUR FOLLOWING CHANGING ALLERGEN EXPOSURES IN SOME HIGHLY EXPOSED COHORTS. GIVEN THE CLINICAL AND PUBLIC HEALTH IMPORTANCE OF INNER-CITY PEDIATRIC ASTHMA AND THE POTENTIAL IMPACT OF ENVIRONMENTAL INTERVENTIONS, FURTHER STUDIES WILL BE NEEDED TO CORROBORATE CHANGES IN EPIGENETIC REGULATION FOLLOWING CHANGING EXPOSURES OVER TIME, AND DETERMINE THEIR IMPACT ON ASTHMA MORBIDITY IN SUSCEPTIBLE CHILDREN.	2017