1 4862 167 ORGANOPHOSPHATE PESTICIDE EXPOSURE AND DIFFERENTIAL GENOME-WIDE DNA METHYLATION. BACKGROUND: ORGANOPHOSPHATES (OP) ARE WIDELY USED INSECTICIDES THAT ACUTELY INHIBIT ACETYLCHOLINESTERASE ENZYME ACTIVITY. THERE IS GREAT INTEREST IN IMPROVING THE UNDERSTANDING OF MOLECULAR MECHANISMS RELATED TO CHRONIC OP EXPOSURE INDUCED TOXICITY. WE AIM TO ELUCIDATE EPIGENETIC CHANGES ASSOCIATED WITH OP EXPOSURE, USING UNTARGETED ANALYSIS OF GENOME-WIDE DNA METHYLATION DATA. METHODS: IN A POPULATION-BASED CASE CONTROL STUDY OF PARKINSON'S DISEASE (PD), WE ASSESSED AMBIENT OP EXPOSURE VIA RESIDENTIAL AND WORKPLACE PROXIMITY TO COMMERCIAL APPLICATIONS. WE INVESTIGATED ASSOCIATIONS BETWEEN OP EXPOSURE AND GENOME-WIDE DNA METHYLATION (ILLUMINA 450 K) IN 580 BLOOD SAMPLES (342 PD PATIENTS, 238 CONTROLS) AND 259 SALIVA SAMPLES (128 PATIENTS, 131 CONTROLS). TO IDENTIFY DIFFERENTIAL METHYLATION RELATED TO OP EXPOSURE, WE CONTROLLED FOR AGE, SEX, EUROPEAN ANCESTRY, AND PD STATUS; IN ADDITION, WE STRATIFIED BY DISEASE STATUS. RESULTS: WE IDENTIFIED 70 GENOME-WIDE SIGNIFICANT CPGS, INCLUDING CG01600516 IN ALOX12 (COR = 0.27, P = 1.73E-11) AND TWO CPGS IN HLA GENES, CG01655658 (COR = -0.24, P = 2.80E-09) IN HLA-L (PSEUDOGENE) AND CG15680603 (COR = 0.20, P = 7.94E-07) IN HLA-DPA1. AMONG THE 70 CPGS LOCATED IN 41 GENES, 14 WERE ALSO DIFFERENTIALLY METHYLATED IN SALIVA SAMPLES. THE MOST OVERREPRESENTED PATHWAY WAS THE NICOTINIC ACETYLCHOLINE RECEPTOR SIGNALING PATHWAY (FOLD ENRICHMENT = 15.63, P = 1.01E-03, FDR = 1.64E-01). EXPANDING TO A LARGER NUMBER OF GENES (CPG P < 5E-04, FDR < 2.25E-01; 1077 CPGS, 662 GENES), THE MOST ENRICHED PATHWAY SHIFTED TO THE MUSCARINIC ACETYLCHOLINE RECEPTOR 1 AND 3 SIGNALING PATHWAY (P-VALUE = 5.36E-04, FDR = 4.73E-02). WHEN WE STRATIFIED BY PD STATUS, RESULTS WERE SIMILAR. OF THE 70 SIGNIFICANT CPGS, 63 WERE DETECTED AMONG BOTH PATIENTS AND CONTROLS AND 7 WERE ONLY ASSOCIATED WITH OP EXPOSURE AMONG PATIENTS. CONCLUSIONS: THIS STUDY FINDS CHRONIC LOW-LEVEL OP EXPOSURE IS ASSOCIATED WITH DIFFERENTIAL DNA METHYLATION IN BLOOD AND SALIVA, BOTH IN ELDERLY POPULATION CONTROLS AND PD PATIENTS. OUR STUDY RESULTS SUGGEST THAT LONG-TERM SUB-ACUTE OP EXPOSURE INFLUENCES METHYLATION IN GENES ENRICHED FOR MUSCARINIC AND NICOTINIC ACETYLCHOLINE RECEPTOR PATHWAYS.	2018	
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                 
2 6190  46 THE IMPACT OF METHYLATION QUANTITATIVE TRAIT LOCI (MQTLS) ON ACTIVE SMOKING-RELATED DNA METHYLATION CHANGES. BACKGROUND: METHYLATION QUANTITATIVE TRAIT LOCI (MQTLS) ARE THE GENETIC VARIANTS THAT MAY AFFECT THE DNA METHYLATION PATTERNS OF CPG SITES. HOWEVER, THEIR ROLES IN INFLUENCING THE DISTURBANCES OF SMOKING-RELATED EPIGENETIC CHANGES HAVE NOT BEEN WELL ESTABLISHED. THIS STUDY WAS CONDUCTED TO ADDRESS WHETHER MQTLS EXIST IN THE VICINITY OF SMOKING-RELATED CPG SITES (+/- 50 KB) AND TO EXAMINE THEIR ASSOCIATIONS WITH SMOKING EXPOSURE AND ALL-CAUSE MORTALITY IN OLDER ADULTS. RESULTS: WE OBTAINED DNA METHYLATION PROFILES IN WHOLE BLOOD SAMPLES BY ILLUMINA INFINIUM HUMAN METHYLATION 450 BEADCHIP ARRAY OF TWO INDEPENDENT SUBSAMPLES OF THE ESTHER STUDY (DISCOVERY SET, N = 581; VALIDATION SET, N = 368) AND THEIR CORRESPONDING GENOTYPING DATA USING THE ILLUMINA INFINIUM ONCOARRAY BEADCHIP. AFTER CORRECTION FOR MULTIPLE TESTING (FDR), WE SUCCESSFULLY IDENTIFIED THAT 70 OUT OF 151 PREVIOUSLY REPORTED SMOKING-RELATED CPG SITES WERE SIGNIFICANTLY ASSOCIATED WITH 192 SNPS WITHIN THE 50 KB SEARCH WINDOW OF EACH LOCUS. THE 192 MQTLS SIGNIFICANTLY INFLUENCED THE ACTIVE SMOKING-RELATED DNA METHYLATION CHANGES, WITH PERCENTAGE CHANGES RANGING FROM 0.01 TO 18.96%, ESPECIALLY FOR THE WEAKLY/MODERATELY SMOKING-RELATED CPG SITES. HOWEVER, THESE IDENTIFIED MQTLS WERE NOT DIRECTLY ASSOCIATED WITH ACTIVE SMOKING EXPOSURE OR ALL-CAUSE MORTALITY. CONCLUSIONS: OUR FINDINGS CLEARLY DEMONSTRATED THAT IF NOT DEALT WITH PROPERLY, THE MQTLS MIGHT IMPAIR THE POWER OF EPIGENETIC-BASED MODELS OF SMOKING EXPOSURE TO A CERTAIN EXTENT. IN ADDITION, SUCH GENETIC VARIANTS COULD BE THE KEY FACTOR TO DISTINGUISH BETWEEN THE HERITABLE AND SMOKING-INDUCED IMPACT ON EPIGENOME DISPARITIES. THESE MQTLS ARE OF SPECIAL IMPORTANCE WHEN DNA METHYLATION MARKERS MEASURED BY ILLUMINA INFINIUM ASSAY ARE USED FOR ANY COMPARATIVE POPULATION STUDIES RELATED TO SMOKING-RELATED CANCERS AND CHRONIC DISEASES.	2017	
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                   
3 2921  48 GENE-SPECIFIC DIFFERENTIAL DNA METHYLATION AND CHRONIC ARSENIC EXPOSURE IN AN EPIGENOME-WIDE ASSOCIATION STUDY OF ADULTS IN BANGLADESH. BACKGROUND: INORGANIC ARSENIC IS ONE OF THE MOST COMMON NATURALLY OCCURRING CONTAMINANTS FOUND IN THE ENVIRONMENT. ARSENIC IS ASSOCIATED WITH A NUMBER OF HEALTH OUTCOMES, WITH EPIGENETIC MODIFICATION SUGGESTED AS A POTENTIAL MECHANISM OF TOXICITY. OBJECTIVE: AMONG A SAMPLE OF 400 ADULT PARTICIPANTS, WE EVALUATED THE ASSOCIATION BETWEEN ARSENIC EXPOSURE, AS MEASURED BY BLOOD AND URINARY TOTAL ARSENIC CONCENTRATIONS, AND EPIGENOME-WIDE WHITE BLOOD CELL DNA METHYLATION. METHODS: WE USED LINEAR REGRESSION MODELS TO EXAMINE THE ASSOCIATIONS BETWEEN ARSENIC EXPOSURE AND METHYLATION AT EACH CPG SITE, ADJUSTED FOR SEX, AGE, AND BATCH. DIFFERENTIALLY METHYLATED LOCI WERE SUBSEQUENTLY EXAMINED IN RELATION TO CORRESPONDING GENE EXPRESSION FOR FUNCTIONAL EVIDENCE OF GENE REGULATION. RESULTS: IN ADJUSTED ANALYSES, WE OBSERVED FOUR DIFFERENTIALLY METHYLATED CPG SITES WITH URINARY TOTAL ARSENIC CONCENTRATION AND THREE DIFFERENTIALLY METHYLATED CPG SITES WITH BLOOD ARSENIC CONCENTRATION, BASED ON THE BONFERRONI-CORRECTED SIGNIFICANCE THRESHOLD OF P < 1 X 10(-7). METHYLATION OF PLA2G2C (PROBE CG04605617) WAS THE MOST SIGNIFICANTLY ASSOCIATED LOCUS IN RELATION TO BOTH URINARY (P = 3.40 X 10(-11)) AND BLOOD ARSENIC CONCENTRATIONS (P = 1.48 X 10(-11)). THREE ADDITIONAL NOVEL METHYLATION LOCI-SQSTM1 (CG01225779), SLC4A4 (CG06121226), AND IGH (CG13651690)--WERE ALSO SIGNIFICANTLY ASSOCIATED WITH ARSENIC EXPOSURE. FURTHER, THERE WAS EVIDENCE OF METHYLATION-RELATED GENE REGULATION BASED ON GENE EXPRESSION FOR A SUBSET OF DIFFERENTIALLY METHYLATED LOCI. CONCLUSIONS: WE OBSERVED SIGNIFICANT ASSOCIATIONS BETWEEN ARSENIC EXPOSURE AND GENE-SPECIFIC DIFFERENTIAL WHITE BLOOD CELL DNA METHYLATION, SUGGESTING THAT EPIGENETIC MODIFICATIONS MAY BE AN IMPORTANT PATHWAY UNDERLYING ARSENIC TOXICITY. THE SPECIFIC DIFFERENTIALLY METHYLATED LOCI IDENTIFIED MAY INFORM POTENTIAL PATHWAYS FOR FUTURE INTERVENTIONS.	2015	
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                           
4 1529  37 DNA METHYLATION CHANGES IN WHOLE BLOOD AND CD16+ NEUTROPHILS IN RESPONSE TO CHRONIC FOLIC ACID SUPPLEMENTATION IN WOMEN OF CHILDBEARING AGE. FOLATE, A WATER-SOLUBLE VITAMIN, IS A KEY SOURCE OF ONE-CARBON GROUPS FOR DNA METHYLATION, BUT STUDIES OF THE DNA METHYLATION RESPONSE TO SUPPLEMENTAL FOLIC ACID YIELD INCONSISTENT RESULTS. THESE STUDIES ARE COMMONLY CONDUCTED USING WHOLE BLOOD, WHICH CONTAINS A MIXED POPULATION OF WHITE BLOOD CELLS THAT HAVE BEEN SHOWN TO CONFOUND RESULTS. THE OBJECTIVE OF THIS STUDY WAS TO DETERMINE IF CD16+ NEUTROPHILS MAY PROVIDE MORE SPECIFIC DATA THAN WHOLE BLOOD FOR IDENTIFYING DNA METHYLATION RESPONSE TO CHRONIC FOLIC ACID SUPPLEMENTATION. THE STUDY WAS PERFORMED IN NORMAL WEIGHT (BMI 18.5 - 24.9 KG/M2) WOMEN (18 - 35 Y; N = 12), WITH BLOOD SAMPLES TAKEN BEFORE AND AFTER 8 WEEKS OF FOLIC ACID SUPPLEMENTATION AT 800 MUG/DAY. DNA METHYLATION PATTERNS FROM WHOLE BLOOD AND ISOLATED CD16+ NEUTROPHILS WERE MEASURED ACROSS >485,000 CPG SITES THROUGHOUT THE GENOME USING THE INFINIUM HUMANMETHYLATION450 BEADCHIP. OVER THE COURSE OF THE 8-WEEK SUPPLEMENTATION, 6746 AND 7513 CPG SITES CHANGED (P < 0.05) IN WHOLE BLOOD AND CD16+ NEUTROPHILS, RESPECTIVELY. DNA METHYLATION DECREASED IN 68.4% (WHOLE BLOOD) AND 71.8% (CD16+ NEUTROPHILS) OF THESE SITES. THERE WERE ONLY 182 CPG SITES THAT CHANGED IN BOTH THE WHOLE BLOOD AND CD16+ NEUTROPHILS, 139 OF WHICH CHANGED IN THE SAME DIRECTION. THESE RESULTS SUGGEST THAT THE GENOME-WIDE DNA METHYLATION RESPONSE TO CHRONIC FOLIC ACID SUPPLEMENTATION IS DIFFERENT BETWEEN WHOLE BLOOD AND CD16+ NEUTROPHILS AND THAT A SINGLE WHITE BLOOD CELL TYPE MAY FUNCTION AS A MORE SPECIFIC EPIGENETIC REPORTER OF FOLATE STATUS THAN WHOLE BLOOD.	2017	
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      
5 4750  36 NOVEL REGIONAL AGE-ASSOCIATED DNA METHYLATION CHANGES WITHIN HUMAN COMMON DISEASE-ASSOCIATED LOCI. BACKGROUND: ADVANCING AGE PROGRESSIVELY IMPACTS ON RISK AND SEVERITY OF CHRONIC DISEASE. IT ALSO MODIFIES THE EPIGENOME, WITH CHANGES IN DNA METHYLATION, DUE TO BOTH RANDOM DRIFT AND VARIATION WITHIN SPECIFIC FUNCTIONAL LOCI. RESULTS: IN A DISCOVERY SET OF 2238 PERIPHERAL-BLOOD GENOME-WIDE DNA METHYLOMES AGED 19-82 YEARS, WE IDENTIFY 71 AGE-ASSOCIATED DIFFERENTIALLY METHYLATED REGIONS WITHIN THE LINKAGE DISEQUILIBRIUM BLOCKS OF THE SINGLE NUCLEOTIDE POLYMORPHISMS FROM THE NIH GENOME-WIDE ASSOCIATION STUDY CATALOGUE. THIS INCLUDED 52 NOVEL REGIONS, 29 WITHIN LOCI NOT COVERED BY 450 K OR 27 K ILLUMINA ARRAY, AND WITH ENRICHMENT FOR DNASE-I HYPERSENSITIVITY SITES ACROSS THE FULL RANGE OF TISSUES. THESE AGE-ASSOCIATED DIFFERENTIALLY METHYLATED REGIONS ALSO SHOW MARKED ENRICHMENT FOR ENHANCERS AND POISED PROMOTERS ACROSS MULTIPLE CELL TYPES. IN A REPLICATION SET OF 2084 DNA METHYLOMES, 95.7 % OF THE AGE-ASSOCIATED DIFFERENTIALLY METHYLATED REGIONS SHOWED THE SAME DIRECTION OF AGEING EFFECT, WITH 80.3 % AND 53.5 % REPLICATED TO P < 0.05 AND P < 1.85 X 10(-8), RESPECTIVELY. CONCLUSION: BY ANALYSING THE FUNCTIONALLY ENRICHED DISEASE AND TRAIT-ASSOCIATED REGIONS OF THE HUMAN GENOME, WE IDENTIFY NOVEL EPIGENETIC AGEING CHANGES, WHICH COULD BE USEFUL BIOMARKERS OR PROVIDE MECHANISTIC INSIGHTS INTO AGE-RELATED COMMON DISEASES.	2016	
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       
6 1485  26 DMRFUSION: A DIFFERENTIALLY METHYLATED REGION DETECTION TOOL BASED ON THE RANKED FUSION METHOD. DNA METHYLATION IS AN IMPORTANT EPIGENETIC MODIFICATION INVOLVED IN MANY BIOLOGICAL PROCESSES AND DISEASES. COMPUTATIONAL ANALYSIS OF DIFFERENTIALLY METHYLATED REGIONS (DMRS) COULD EXPLORE THE UNDERLYING REASONS OF METHYLATION. DMRFUSION IS PRESENTED AS A USEFUL TOOL FOR COMPREHENSIVE DNA METHYLATION ANALYSIS OF DMRS ON METHYLATION SEQUENCING DATA. THIS TOOL IS DESIGNED BASE ON THE INTEGRATION OF SEVERAL RANKING METHODS; INFORMATION GAIN, BETWEEN VERSUS WITHIN CLASS SCATTER RATIO, FISHER RATIO, Z-SCORE AND WELCH'S T-TEST. IN THIS STUDY, DMRFUSION ON REDUCED REPRESENTATION BISULFITE SEQUENCING (RRBS) DATA IN CHRONIC LYMPHOCYTIC LEUKEMIA CANCER DISPLAYED 30 NOMINATED REGIONS AND CPG SITES WITH A MAXIMUM METHYLATION DIFFERENCE DETECTED IN THE HYPERMETHYLATION DMRS. WE REALIZED THAT DMRFUSION IS ABLE TO PROCESS METHYLATION SEQUENCING DATA IN AN EFFICIENT AND ACCURATE MANNER AND TO PROVIDE ANNOTATION AND VISUALIZATION FOR DMRS WITH HIGH FOLD DIFFERENCE SCORE (P-VALUE AND FDR<0.05 AND TYPE I ERROR: 0.04).	2018	
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            
7 4689  40 NEW-ONSET POSTPARTUM PREECLAMPSIA: EPIGENETIC MECHANISM AND PREDICTION. OBJECTIVE: PLACENTAL CYTOSINE (CPG) METHYLATION WAS MEASURED TO PREDICT NEW-ONSET POSTPARTUM PREECLAMPSIA (NOPP) AND INTERROGATE ITS MOLECULAR PATHOGENESIS. METHODS: NOPP WAS DEFINED AS PATIENTS WITH A NEW DIAGNOSIS OF POSTPARTUM PREECLAMPSIA DEVELOPING >/=48 H TO </=6 WEEKS AFTER DELIVERY WITH NO PRIOR HYPERTENSIVE DISORDERS. PLACENTAL TISSUE WAS OBTAINED FROM 12 NOPP CASES AND 12 NORMOTENSIVE CONTROLS. GENOME-WIDE INDIVIDUAL CYTOSINE (CPG) METHYLATION LEVEL WAS MEASURED WITH THE INFINIUM METHYLATIONEPIC BEADCHIP ARRAY. SIGNIFICANT DIFFERENTIAL METHYLATION (NOPP VS. CONTROLS) FOR INDIVIDUAL CPG LOCI WAS DEFINED AS FALSE DISCOVERY RATE (FDR) P VALUE <.05. GENE FUNCTIONAL ENRICHMENT USING QIAGEN'S INGENUITY PATHWAY ANALYSIS (IPA) WAS PERFORMED TO HELP ELUCIDATE THE MOLECULAR PATHOGENESIS OF NOPP. A LOGISTIC REGRESSION MODEL FOR NOPP PREDICTION BASED ON THE METHYLATION LEVEL IN A COMBINATION OF CPG LOCI WAS GENERATED. THE AREA UNDER THE RECEIVER OPERATING CHARACTERISTIC CURVES (AUC [95% CI]) SENSITIVITY, AND SPECIFICITY FOR NOPP PREDICTION BASED ON THE CPG METHYLATION LEVEL WAS CALCULATED FOR EACH LOCUS. RESULTS: THERE WERE 537 (IN 540 SEPARATE GENES) SIGNIFICANTLY (FDR P<.05 WITH A >/= 2.0-FOLD METHYLATION DIFFERENCE) DIFFERENTIALLY METHYLATED CPG LOCI BETWEEN THE GROUPS. A TOTAL OF 143 INDIVIDUAL CPG MARKERS HAD EXCELLENT INDIVIDUAL PREDICTIVE ACCURACY FOR NOPP PREDICTION (AUC >/=0.80), OF WHICH 14 MARKERS HAD OUTSTANDING ACCURACY (AUC >/=0.90). A LOGISTIC REGRESSION MODEL BASED ON FIVE CPG MARKERS YIELDED AN AUC (95% CI)=0.99 (0.95-0.99) WITH SENSITIVITY 95% AND SPECIFICITY 93% FOR NOPP PREDICTION. IPA REVEALED DYSREGULATION OF CRITICAL PATHWAYS (E.G., ANGIOGENESIS, CHRONIC INFLAMMATION, AND EPITHELIAL-MESENCHYMAL TRANSITION) KNOWN TO BE LINKED TO CLASSIC PREECLAMPSIA, IN ADDITION TO OTHER PREVIOUSLY UNDESCRIBED GENES/PATHWAYS. CONCLUSIONS: THERE WAS SIGNIFICANT PLACENTAL EPIGENETIC DYSREGULATION IN NOPP. NOPP SHARED BOTH COMMON AND UNIQUE MOLECULAR PATHWAYS WITH CLASSIC PREECLAMPSIA. FINALLY, WE HAVE IDENTIFIED NOVEL POTENTIAL BIOMARKERS FOR THE EARLY POST-PARTUM PREDICTION OF NOPP.	2022	
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                 
8 1590  36 DNA METHYLATION PROFILING IN HUMAN LUNG TISSUE IDENTIFIES GENES ASSOCIATED WITH COPD. CHRONIC OBSTRUCTIVE PULMONARY DISEASE (COPD) IS A SMOKING-RELATED DISEASE CHARACTERIZED BY GENETIC AND PHENOTYPIC HETEROGENEITY. ALTHOUGH ASSOCIATION STUDIES HAVE IDENTIFIED MULTIPLE GENOMIC REGIONS WITH REPLICATED ASSOCIATIONS TO COPD, GENETIC VARIATION ONLY PARTIALLY EXPLAINS THE SUSCEPTIBILITY TO LUNG DISEASE, AND SUGGESTS THE RELEVANCE OF EPIGENETIC INVESTIGATIONS. WE PERFORMED GENOME-WIDE DNA METHYLATION PROFILING IN HOMOGENIZED LUNG TISSUE SAMPLES FROM 46 CONTROL SUBJECTS WITH NORMAL LUNG FUNCTION AND 114 SUBJECTS WITH COPD, ALL FORMER SMOKERS. THE DIFFERENTIALLY METHYLATED LOCI WERE INTEGRATED WITH PREVIOUS GENOME-WIDE ASSOCIATION STUDY RESULTS. THE TOP 535 DIFFERENTIALLY METHYLATED SITES, FILTERED FOR A MINIMUM MEAN METHYLATION DIFFERENCE OF 5% BETWEEN CASES AND CONTROLS, WERE ENRICHED FOR CPG SHELVES AND SHORES. PATHWAY ANALYSIS REVEALED ENRICHMENT FOR TRANSCRIPTION FACTORS. THE TOP DIFFERENTIALLY METHYLATED SITES FROM THE INTERSECTION WITH PREVIOUS GWAS WERE IN CHRM1, GLT1D1, AND C10ORF11; SORTED BY GWAS P-VALUE, THE TOP SITES INCLUDED FRMD4A, THSD4, AND C10ORF11. EPIGENETIC ASSOCIATION STUDIES COMPLEMENT GENETIC ASSOCIATION STUDIES TO IDENTIFY GENES POTENTIALLY INVOLVED IN COPD PATHOGENESIS. ENRICHMENT FOR GENES IMPLICATED IN ASTHMA AND LUNG FUNCTION AND FOR TRANSCRIPTION FACTORS SUGGESTS THE POTENTIAL PATHOGENIC RELEVANCE OF GENES IDENTIFIED THROUGH DIFFERENTIAL METHYLATION AND THE INTERSECTION WITH A BROADER RANGE OF GWAS ASSOCIATIONS.	2016	
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            
9  475  44 ARSENIC EXPOSURE AND HUMAN BLOOD DNA METHYLATION AND HYDROXYMETHYLATION PROFILES IN TWO DIVERSE POPULATIONS FROM BANGLADESH AND SPAIN. BACKGROUND: ASSOCIATIONS OF ARSENIC (AS) WITH THE SUM OF 5-MC AND 5-HMC LEVELS HAVE BEEN REPORTED; HOWEVER, AS EXPOSURE-RELATED DIFFERENCES OF THE SEPARATED 5-MC AND 5-HMC MARKERS HAVE RARELY BEEN STUDIED. METHODS: IN THIS STUDY, WE EVALUATED THE ASSOCIATION OF ARSENIC EXPOSURE BIOMARKERS AND 5-MC AND 5-HMC IN 30 HEALTHY MEN (43-55 YEARS) FROM THE ARAGON WORKERS HEALTH STUDY (AWHS) (SPAIN) AND 31 HEALTHY MEN (31-50 YEARS) FROM THE FOLIC ACID AND CREATININE TRIAL (FACT) (BANGLADESH). WE CONDUCTED 5-MC AND 5-HMC PROFILING USING INFINIUM METHYLATIONEPIC ARRAYS, ON PAIRED STANDARD AND MODIFIED (OX-BS IN AWHS AND TAB IN FACT) BISULFITE CONVERTED BLOOD DNA SAMPLES. RESULTS: THE MEDIAN FOR THE SUM OF URINE INORGANIC AND METHYLATED AS SPECIES (SIGMAAS) (MUG/L) WAS 12.5 FOR AWHS AND 89.6 FOR FACT. THE MEDIAN OF BLOOD AS (MUG/L) WAS 8.8 FOR AWHS AND 10.2 FOR FACT. AT A STATISTICAL SIGNIFICANCE P-VALUE CUT-OFF OF 0.01, THE DIFFERENTIALLY METHYLATED (DMP) AND HYDROXYMETHYLATED (DHP) POSITIONS WERE MOSTLY LOCATED IN DIFFERENT GENOMIC SITES. SEVERAL DMPS AND DHPS WERE CONSISTENTLY FOUND IN AWHS AND FACT BOTH FOR URINE SIGMAAS AND BLOOD MODELS, BEING OF SPECIAL INTEREST THOSE ATTRIBUTED TO THE DIP2C GENE. THREE DMPS (ANNOTATED TO CLEC12A) FOR AWHS AND ONE DHP (ANNOTATED TO NPLOC4) FOR FACT REMAINED STATISTICALLY SIGNIFICANT AFTER FALSE DISCOVERY RATE (FDR) CORRECTION. PATHWAYS RELATED TO CHRONIC DISEASES INCLUDING CARDIOVASCULAR, CANCER AND NEUROLOGICAL WERE ENRICHED. CONCLUSIONS: WHILE WE IDENTIFIED COMMON 5-HMC AND 5-MC SIGNATURES IN TWO POPULATIONS EXPOSED TO VARYING LEVELS OF INORGANIC AS, DIFFERENCES IN AS-RELATED EPIGENETIC SITES ACROSS THE STUDY POPULATIONS MAY ADDITIONALLY REFLECT LOW AND HIGH AS-SPECIFIC ASSOCIATIONS. THIS WORK CONTRIBUTES A DEEPER UNDERSTANDING OF POTENTIAL EPIGENETIC DYSREGULATIONS OF AS. HOWEVER, FURTHER RESEARCH IS NEEDED TO CONFIRM BIOLOGICAL CONSEQUENCES ASSOCIATED WITH DIP2C EPIGENETIC REGULATION AND TO INVESTIGATE THE ROLE OF 5-HMC AND 5-MC SEPARATELY IN AS-INDUCED HEALTH DISORDERS AT DIFFERENT EXPOSURE LEVELS.	2022	
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          
10 3073  49 GENOME-WIDE DNA METHYLATION STATUS OF MONGOLIANS EXHIBITS SIGNS OF CELLULAR STRESS RESPONSE RELATED TO THEIR NOMADIC LIFESTYLE. BACKGROUND: EPIGENETICS IS CRUCIAL FOR CONNECTING ENVIRONMENTAL STRESSES WITH PHYSIOLOGICAL RESPONSES IN HUMANS. MONGOLIA, WHERE NOMADIC LIVESTOCK PASTORALISM HAS BEEN THE PRIMAL LIVELIHOOD, HAS A HIGHER PREVALENCE OF VARIOUS CHRONIC DISEASES THAN THE SURROUNDING EAST ASIAN REGIONS, WHICH ARE MORE SUITABLE FOR CROP FARMING. THE GENES RELATED TO DIETARY STRESS AND PATHOGENESIS OF RELATED DISORDERS MAY HAVE VARYING EPIGENETIC STATUSES AMONG THE HUMAN POPULATIONS WITH DIVERSE DIETARY CULTURES. HENCE, TO UNDERSTAND SUCH EPIGENETIC DIFFERENCES, WE CONDUCTED A COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF GENOME-WIDE DNA METHYLATION OF MONGOLIANS AND CROP-FARMING EAST ASIANS. METHODS: GENOME-WIDE DNA METHYLATION STATUS OF PERIPHERAL BLOOD CELLS (PBCS) FROM 23 MONGOLIAN ADULTS AND 24 THAI ADULTS WAS DETERMINED USING THE INFINIUM HUMAN METHYLATION 450K ARRAYS AND ANALYZED IN COMBINATION WITH PREVIOUSLY PUBLISHED 450K DATA OF 20 JAPANESE AND 8 CHINESE ADULTS. CPG SITES/REGIONS DIFFERENTIALLY METHYLATED BETWEEN MONGOLIANS AND CROP-FARMING EAST ASIANS WERE DETECTED USING A LINEAR MODEL ADJUSTED FOR SEX, AGE, ETHNICITY, AND IMMUNE CELL HETEROGENEITY ON RNBEADS SOFTWARE. RESULTS: OF THE QUALITY-CONTROLLED 389,454 AUTOSOMAL CPG SITES, 223 CPG SITES WERE SIGNIFICANTLY DIFFERENTIALLY METHYLATED AMONG MONGOLIANS AND THE FOUR CROP FARMING EAST ASIAN POPULATIONS (FALSE DISCOVERY RATE < 0.05). ANALYSES FOCUSED ON GENE PROMOTER REGIONS REVEALED THAT PM20D1 (PEPTIDASE M20 DOMAIN CONTAINING 1), WHICH IS INVOLVED IN MITOCHONDRIAL UNCOUPLING AND VARIOUS PROCESSES, INCLUDING CELLULAR PROTECTION FROM REACTIVE OXYGEN SPECIES (ROS) AND THERMOGENESIS, WAS THE TOP DIFFERENTIALLY METHYLATED GENE. MOREOVER, GENE ONTOLOGY ENRICHMENT ANALYSIS REVEALED THAT BIOLOGICAL PROCESSES RELATED TO ROS METABOLISM WERE OVERREPRESENTED AMONG THE TOP 1% DIFFERENTIALLY METHYLATED GENES. THE PROMOTER REGIONS OF THESE GENES WERE GENERALLY HYPERMETHYLATED IN MONGOLIANS, SUGGESTING THAT THE METABOLIC PATHWAY DETOXIFYING ROS MIGHT BE GLOBALLY SUPPRESSED IN MONGOLIANS, RESULTING IN THE HIGH SUSCEPTIBILITY OF THIS POPULATION TO VARIOUS CHRONIC DISEASES. CONCLUSIONS: THIS STUDY SHOWED A SIGNIFICANTLY DIVERSE DNA METHYLATION STATUS AMONG MONGOLIANS AND CROP-FARMING EAST ASIANS. FURTHER, WE FOUND AN ASSOCIATION BETWEEN THE DIFFERENTIALLY METHYLATED GENES AND VARIOUS METABOLIC AND NEURODEGENERATIVE DISEASES. KNOWLEDGE OF THE EPIGENETIC REGULATORS MIGHT HELP IN PROPER UNDERSTANDING, TREATMENT, AND CONTROL OF SUCH DISORDERS, AND PHYSIOLOGICAL ADAPTATION IN THE FUTURE.	2022	

11 1990  38 EPIGENETIC ANALYSIS OF PAGET'S DISEASE OF BONE IDENTIFIES DIFFERENTIALLY METHYLATED LOCI THAT PREDICT DISEASE STATUS. PAGET'S DISEASE OF BONE (PDB) IS CHARACTERIZED BY FOCAL INCREASES IN DISORGANIZED BONE REMODELING. THIS STUDY AIMS TO CHARACTERIZE PDB-ASSOCIATED CHANGES IN DNA METHYLATION PROFILES IN PATIENTS' BLOOD. META-ANALYSIS OF DATA FROM THE DISCOVERY AND CROSS-VALIDATION SET, EACH COMPRISING 116 PDB CASES AND 130 CONTROLS, REVEALED SIGNIFICANT DIFFERENCES IN DNA METHYLATION AT 14 CPG SITES, 4 CPG ISLANDS, AND 6 GENE-BODY REGIONS. THESE LOCI, INCLUDING TWO CHARACTERIZED AS FUNCTIONAL THROUGH EXPRESSION QUANTITATIVE TRAIT-METHYLATION ANALYSIS, WERE ASSOCIATED WITH FUNCTIONS RELATED TO OSTEOCLAST DIFFERENTIATION, MECHANICAL LOADING, IMMUNE FUNCTION, AND VIRAL INFECTION. A MULTIVARIATE CLASSIFIER BASED ON DISCOVERY SAMPLES WAS FOUND TO DISCRIMINATE PDB CASES AND CONTROLS FROM THE CROSS-VALIDATION WITH A SENSITIVITY OF 0.84, SPECIFICITY OF 0.81, AND AN AREA UNDER CURVE OF 92.8%. IN CONCLUSION, THIS STUDY HAS SHOWN FOR THE FIRST TIME THAT EPIGENETIC FACTORS CONTRIBUTE TO THE PATHOGENESIS OF PDB AND MAY OFFER DIAGNOSTIC MARKERS FOR PREDICTION OF THE DISEASE.	2021	
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        
12 2626  40 EPIGENOME-WIDE ASSOCIATION STUDY IDENTIFIES DNA METHYLATION MARKERS FOR ASTHMA REMISSION IN WHOLE BLOOD AND NASAL EPITHELIUM. BACKGROUND: ASTHMA IS A CHRONIC RESPIRATORY DISEASE WHICH IS NOT CURABLE, YET SOME PATIENTS EXPERIENCE SPONTANEOUS REMISSION. WE HYPOTHESIZED THAT EPIGENETIC MECHANISMS MAY BE INVOLVED IN ASTHMA REMISSION. METHODS: CLINICAL REMISSION (CLINR) WAS DEFINED AS THE ABSENCE OF ASTHMA SYMPTOMS AND MEDICATION FOR AT LEAST 12 MONTHS, AND COMPLETE REMISSION (COMR) WAS DEFINED AS CLINR WITH NORMAL LUNG FUNCTION AND ABSENCE OF AIRWAY HYPERRESPONSIVENESS. WE ANALYZED DIFFERENTIAL DNA METHYLATION OF CLINR AND COMR COMPARING TO PERSISTENT ASTHMA (PERSA) IN WHOLE BLOOD SAMPLES (N = 72) AND NASAL BRUSHING SAMPLES (N = 97) IN A LONGITUDINAL COHORT OF WELL CHARACTERIZED ASTHMA PATIENTS. SIGNIFICANT FINDINGS OF WHOLE BLOOD DNA METHYLATION WERE TESTED FOR REPLICATION IN TWO INDEPENDENT COHORTS, LIFELINES AND EPIDEMIOLOGICAL STUDY ON THE GENETICS AND ENVIRONMENT OF ASTHMA (EGEA). RESULTS: WE IDENTIFIED DIFFERENTIALLY METHYLATED CPG SITES ASSOCIATED WITH CLINR (7 CPG SITES) AND COMR (129 CPG SITES) IN WHOLE BLOOD. ONE CPG (CG13378519, CHR1) ASSOCIATED WITH CLINR WAS REPLICATED AND ANNOTATED TO PEX11 (PEROXISOMAL BIOGENESIS FACTOR 11 BETA). THE WHOLE BLOOD DNA METHYLATION LEVELS OF THIS CPG WERE ALSO DIFFERENT BETWEEN CLINR AND HEALTHY SUBJECTS. ONE COMR-ASSOCIATED CPG (CG24788483, CHR10) THAT ANNOTATED TO TCF7L2 (TRANSCRIPTION FACTOR 7 LIKE 2) WAS REPLICATED AND ASSOCIATED WITH EXPRESSION OF TCF7L2 GENE. ONE OUT OF SEVEN CLINR-ASSOCIATED CPG SITES AND 8 OUT OF 129 COMR-ASSOCIATED CPG SITES IDENTIFIED FROM WHOLE BLOOD SAMPLES SHOWED NOMINAL SIGNIFICANCE (P < 0.05) AND THE SAME DIRECTION OF EFFECT IN NASAL BRUSHES. CONCLUSION: WE IDENTIFIED DNA METHYLATION MARKERS POSSIBLY ASSOCIATED WITH CLINICAL AND COMPLETE ASTHMA REMISSION IN NASAL BRUSHES AND WHOLE BLOOD, AND TWO CPG SITES IDENTIFIED FROM WHOLE BLOOD CAN BE REPLICATED IN INDEPENDENT COHORTS AND MAY PLAY A ROLE IN PEROXISOME PROLIFERATION AND WNT SIGNALING PATHWAY.	2020	
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            
13 1909  39 ENRICHMENT OF GENOMIC PATHWAYS BASED ON DIFFERENTIAL DNA METHYLATION PROFILES ASSOCIATED WITH CHRONIC MUSCULOSKELETAL PAIN IN OLDER ADULTS: AN EXPLORATORY STUDY. OUR STUDY AIMED TO IDENTIFY DIFFERENTIALLY METHYLATED CPGS/REGIONS AND THEIR ENRICHED GENOMIC PATHWAYS ASSOCIATED WITH UNDERLYING CHRONIC MUSCULOSKELETAL PAIN IN OLDER INDIVIDUALS. WE RECRUITED COGNITIVELY HEALTHY OLDER ADULTS WITH (N = 20) AND WITHOUT (N = 9) SELF-REPORTED MUSCULOSKELETAL PAIN AND COLLECTED DNA FROM PERIPHERAL BLOOD THAT WAS ANALYZED USING METHYLATIONEPIC ARRAYS. WE IDENTIFIED 31,739 HYPERMETHYLATED CPG AND 10,811 HYPOMETHYLATED CPG PROBES (PS </= 0.05). ALL CPG PROBES WERE CLUSTERED INTO 5966 REGIONS, AMONG WHICH 600 REGIONS WERE DIFFERENTIALLY METHYLATED AT P </= 0.05 LEVEL, INCLUDING 294 HYPERMETHYLATED REGIONS AND 306 HYPOMETHYLATED REGIONS (DIFFERENTIALLY METHYLATED REGIONS). INGENUITY PATHWAY ENRICHMENT ANALYSIS REVEALED THAT THE PAIN-RELATED DIFFERENTIALLY METHYLATED REGIONS WERE ENRICHED ACROSS MULTIPLE PATHWAYS. THE TOP 10 CANONICAL PATHWAYS WERE LINKED TO CELLULAR SIGNALING PROCESSES RELATED TO IMMUNE RESPONSES (I.E. ANTIGEN PRESENTATION, PROGRAMED CELL DEATH 1 RECEPTOR/PD-1 LIGAND 1, INTERLEUKIN-4, OX40 SIGNALING, T CELL EXHAUSTION, AND APOPTOSIS) AND GAMMA-AMINOBUTYRIC ACID RECEPTOR SIGNALING. FURTHER, WEIGHTED GENE CORRELATION NETWORK ANALYSIS REVEALED A COMETHYLATION NETWORK MODULE IN THE PAIN GROUP THAT WAS NOT PRESERVED IN THE CONTROL GROUP, WHERE THE HUB GENE WAS THE CYCLIC ADENOSINE MONOPHOSPHATE-DEPENDENT TRANSCRIPTION FACTOR ATF-2. OUR PRELIMINARY FINDINGS PROVIDE NEW EPIGENETIC INSIGHTS INTO THE ROLE OF ABERRANT IMMUNE SIGNALING IN MUSCULOSKELETAL PAIN IN OLDER ADULTS WHILE FURTHER SUPPORTING INVOLVEMENT OF DYSFUNCTIONAL GABAERGIC SIGNALING MECHANISMS IN CHRONIC PAIN. OUR FINDINGS NEED TO BE URGENTLY REPLICATED IN LARGER COHORTS AS THEY MAY SERVE AS A BASIS FOR DEVELOPING AND TARGETING FUTURE INTERVENTIONS.	2020	
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                
14 1607  45 DNA METHYLATION, COLON CANCER AND MEDITERRANEAN DIET: RESULTS FROM THE EPIC-ITALY COHORT. THE BIOLOGICAL MECHANISMS THROUGH WHICH ADHERENCE TO MEDITERRANEAN DIET (MD) PROTECTS AGAINST COLON CANCER (CC) ARE POORLY UNDERSTOOD. EVIDENCE SUGGESTS THAT CHRONIC INFLAMMATION MAY BE IMPLICATED IN THE PATHWAY. BOTH DIET AND CC ARE RELATED TO EPIGENETIC REGULATION. WE PERFORMED A NESTED CASE-CONTROL STUDY ON 161 PAIRS FROM THE ITALIAN COMPONENT OF THE EUROPEAN PROSPECTIVE INVESTIGATION INTO CANCER AND NUTRITION (EPIC) COHORT, IN WHICH WE LOOKED FOR THE METHYLATION SIGNALS IN DNA EXTRACTED FROM LEUCOCYTES ASSOCIATED WITH BOTH CC AND MD IN 995 CPGS LOCATED IN 48 INFLAMMATION GENES. THE DNA METHYLATION SIGNALS DETECTED IN THIS ANALYSIS WERE VALIDATED IN A SUBGROUP OF 47 CASE-CONTROL PAIRS AND FURTHER REPLICATED (WHERE VALIDATED) IN 95 NEW PAIRS BY MEANS OF PYROSEQUENCING. AMONG THE CPG SITES SELECTED A-PRIORI IN INFLAMMATION-RELATED GENES, SEVEN CPG SITES WERE FOUND TO BE ASSOCIATED WITH CC STATUS AND WITH MD, IN LINE WITH ITS PROTECTIVE EFFECT. ONLY TWO CPG SITES (CG17968347-SERPINE1 AND CG20674490-RUNX3) WERE VALIDATED USING BISULPHITE PYROSEQUENCING AND, AFTER REPLICATION, WE FOUND THAT DNA METHYLATION OF CG20674490-RUNX3 MAY BE A POTENTIAL MOLECULAR MEDIATOR EXPLAINING THE PROTECTIVE EFFECT OF MD ON CC ONSET. THE USE OF A 'MEET-IN-THE-MIDDLE' APPROACH TO IDENTIFY THE OVERLAP BETWEEN EXPOSURE AND PREDICTIVE MARKERS OF DISEASE IS INNOVATIVE IN STUDIES ON THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN DIET AND CANCER, IN WHICH EXPOSURE ASSESSMENT IS DIFFICULT AND THE MECHANISMS THROUGH WHICH THE NUTRIENTS EXERT THEIR PROTECTIVE EFFECT IS LARGELY UNKNOWN.	2019	
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                 
15 1846  32 EFFECTS OF TWO TYPES OF ENERGY RESTRICTION ON METHYLATION LEVELS OF ADIPONECTIN RECEPTOR 1 AND LEPTIN RECEPTOR OVERLAPPING TRANSCRIPT IN A MOUSE MAMMARY TUMOUR VIRUS-TRANSFORMING GROWTH FACTOR-ALPHA BREAST CANCER MOUSE MODEL. THE ROLE OF ADIPONECTIN AND LEPTIN SIGNALLING PATHWAYS HAS BEEN SUGGESTED TO PLAY IMPORTANT ROLES IN THE PROTECTIVE EFFECTS OF ENERGY RESTRICTION (ER) ON MAMMARY TUMOUR (MT) DEVELOPMENT. TO STUDY THE EFFECTS OF ER ON THE METHYLATION LEVELS IN ADIPONECTIN RECEPTOR 1 (ADIPOR1) AND LEPTIN RECEPTOR OVERLAPPING TRANSCRIPT (LEPROT) GENES USING THE PYROSEQUENCING METHOD IN MAMMARY FAT PAD TISSUE, MOUSE MAMMARY TUMOUR VIRUS-TRANSFORMING GROWTH FACTOR-ALPHA (MMTV-TGF-ALPHA) FEMALE MICE WERE RANDOMLY ASSIGNED TO AD LIBITUM (AL), CHRONIC ER (CER, 15 % ER) OR INTERMITTENT ER (3 WEEKS AL AND 1 WEEK 60 % ER IN CYCLIC PERIODS) GROUPS AT 10 WEEKS OF AGE UNTIL 82 WEEKS OF AGE. THE METHYLATION LEVELS OF ADIPOR1 IN THE CER GROUP WERE HIGHER THAN THOSE IN THE AL GROUP AT WEEK 49/50 (P < 0.05), WHILE THE LEVELS OF METHYLATION FOR ADIPOR1 AND LEPROT GENES WERE SIMILAR AMONG THE OTHER GROUPS. ALSO, THE METHYLATION LEVELS AT CPG2 AND CPG3 REGIONS OF THE PROMOTER REGION OF THE ADIPOR1 GENE IN THE CER GROUP WERE THREE TIMES HIGHER (P < 0.05), WHILE CPG1 ISLAND OF LEPROT METHYLATION WAS SIGNIFICANTLY LOWER COMPARED WITH THE OTHER GROUPS (P < 0.05). ADIPONECTIN AND LEPTIN GENE EXPRESSION LEVELS WERE CONSISTENT WITH THE METHYLATION LEVELS. WE ALSO OBSERVED A CHANGE WITH AGEING IN METHYLATION LEVELS OF THESE GENES. THESE RESULTS INDICATE THAT DIFFERENT TYPES OF ER MODIFY METHYLATION LEVELS OF ADIPOR1 AND LEPROT IN DIFFERENT WAYS AND CER HAD A MORE SIGNIFICANT EFFECT ON METHYLATION LEVELS OF BOTH GENES. EPIGENETIC REGULATION OF THESE GENES MAY PLAY IMPORTANT ROLES IN THE PREVENTIVE EFFECTS OF ER AGAINST MT DEVELOPMENT AND AGEING PROCESSES.	2021	
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                           
16   57  39 A GENOME-WIDE ASSOCIATION STUDY OF QUANTITATIVE COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHIC EMPHYSEMA IN KOREAN POPULATIONS. EMPHYSEMA IS AN IMPORTANT FEATURE OF CHRONIC OBSTRUCTIVE PULMONARY DISEASE (COPD). GENETIC FACTORS LIKELY AFFECT EMPHYSEMA PATHOGENESIS, BUT THIS QUESTION HAS PREDOMINANTLY BEEN STUDIED IN THOSE OF EUROPEAN ANCESTRY. IN THIS STUDY, WE SOUGHT TO DETERMINE GENETIC COMPONENTS OF EMPHYSEMA SEVERITY AND CHARACTERIZE THE POTENTIAL FUNCTION OF THE ASSOCIATED LOCI IN KOREAN POPULATION. WE PERFORMED A GENOME-WIDE ASSOCIATION STUDY (GWAS) ON QUANTITATIVE EMPHYSEMA IN SUBJECTS WITH OR WITHOUT COPD FROM TWO KOREAN COPD COHORTS. WE INVESTIGATED THE FUNCTIONAL CONSEQUENCES OF THE LOCI USING EPIGENETIC ANNOTATION AND GENE EXPRESSION DATA. WE ALSO COMPARED OUR GWAS RESULTS WITH AN EPIGENOME-WIDE ASSOCIATION STUDY AND PREVIOUS DIFFERENTIAL GENE EXPRESSION ANALYSIS. IN TOTAL, 548 SUBJECTS (476 [86.9%] MALE) INCLUDING 514 COPD PATIENTS WERE EVALUATED. WE IDENTIFIED ONE GENOME-WIDE SIGNIFICANT SNP (P < 5.0 X 10(-8)), RS117084279, NEAR PIBF1. WE IDENTIFIED AN ADDITIONAL 57 SNPS (P < 5.0 X 10(-6)) ASSOCIATED WITH EMPHYSEMA IN ALL SUBJECTS, AND 106 SNPS (P < 5.0 X 10(-6)) IN COPD PATIENTS. OF THESE CANDIDATE SNPS, 2 (RS12459249, RS11667314) NEAR CYP2A6 WERE EXPRESSION QUANTITATIVE TRAIT LOCI IN LUNG TISSUE AND A SNP (RS11214944) NEAR NNMT WAS AN EXPRESSION QUANTITATIVE TRAIT LOCUS IN WHOLE BLOOD. OF NOTE, RS11214944 WAS IN LINKAGE DISEQUILIBRIUM WITH VARIANTS IN ENHANCER HISTONE MARKS IN LUNG TISSUE. SEVERAL GENES NEAR ADDITIONAL SNPS WERE IDENTIFIED IN OUR PREVIOUS EWAS STUDY WITH NOMINAL LEVEL OF SIGNIFICANCE. WE IDENTIFIED A NOVEL SNP ASSOCIATED WITH QUANTITATIVE EMPHYSEMA ON CT. INCLUDING THE NOVEL SNP, SEVERAL CANDIDATE SNPS IN OUR STUDY MAY PROVIDE CLUES TO THE GENETIC ETIOLOGY OF EMPHYSEMA IN ASIAN POPULATIONS. FURTHER RESEARCH AND VALIDATION OF THE LOCI WILL HELP DETERMINE THE GENETIC FACTORS FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF EMPHYSEMA.	2021	
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                         
17   11  38 15Q12 VARIANTS, SPUTUM GENE PROMOTER HYPERMETHYLATION, AND LUNG CANCER RISK: A GWAS IN SMOKERS. BACKGROUND: LUNG CANCER IS THE LEADING CAUSE OF CANCER-RELATED MORTALITY WORLDWIDE. DETECTION OF PROMOTER HYPERMETHYLATION OF TUMOR SUPPRESSOR GENES IN EXFOLIATED CELLS FROM THE LUNG PROVIDES AN ASSESSMENT OF FIELD CANCERIZATION THAT IN TURN PREDICTS LUNG CANCER. THE IDENTIFICATION OF GENETIC DETERMINANTS FOR THIS VALIDATED CANCER BIOMARKER SHOULD PROVIDE NOVEL INSIGHTS INTO MECHANISMS UNDERLYING EPIGENETIC REPROGRAMMING DURING LUNG CARCINOGENESIS. METHODS: A GENOME-WIDE ASSOCIATION STUDY USING GENERALIZED ESTIMATING EQUATIONS AND LOGISTIC REGRESSION MODELS WAS CONDUCTED IN TWO GEOGRAPHICALLY INDEPENDENT SMOKER COHORTS TO IDENTIFY LOCI AFFECTING THE PROPENSITY FOR CANCER-RELATED GENE METHYLATION THAT WAS ASSESSED BY A 12-GENE PANEL INTERROGATED IN SPUTUM. ALL STATISTICAL TESTS WERE TWO-SIDED. RESULTS: TWO SINGLE NUCLEOTIDE POLYMORPHISMS (SNPS) AT 15Q12 (RS73371737 AND RS7179575) THAT DROVE GENE METHYLATION WERE DISCOVERED AND REPLICATED WITH RS73371737 REACHING GENOME-WIDE SIGNIFICANCE (P = 3.3X10(-8)). A HAPLOTYPE CARRYING RISK ALLELES FROM THE TWO 15Q12 SNPS CONFERRED 57% INCREASED RISK FOR GENE METHYLATION (P = 2.5X10(-9)). RS73371737 REDUCED GABRB3 EXPRESSION IN LUNG CELLS AND INCREASED RISK FOR SMOKING-INDUCED CHRONIC MUCOUS HYPERSECRETION. FURTHERMORE, SUBJECTS WITH VARIANT HOMOZYGOTE OF RS73371737 HAD A TWO-FOLD INCREASE IN RISK FOR LUNG CANCER (P = .0043). PATHWAY ANALYSIS IDENTIFIED DNA DOUBLE-STRAND BREAK REPAIR BY HOMOLOGOUS RECOMBINATION (DSBR-HR) AS A MAJOR PATHWAY AFFECTING SUSCEPTIBILITY FOR GENE METHYLATION THAT WAS VALIDATED BY MEASURING CHROMATID BREAKS IN LYMPHOCYTES CHALLENGED BY BLEOMYCIN. CONCLUSIONS: A FUNCTIONAL 15Q12 VARIANT WAS IDENTIFIED AS A RISK FACTOR FOR GENE METHYLATION AND LUNG CANCER. THE ASSOCIATIONS COULD BE MEDIATED BY GABAERGIC SIGNALING THAT DRIVES THE SMOKING-INDUCED MUCOUS CELL METAPLASIA. OUR FINDINGS ALSO SUBSTANTIATE DSBR-HR AS A CRITICAL PATHWAY DRIVING EPIGENETIC GENE SILENCING.	2015	
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            
18  411  39 ANALYSIS OF GENOME-WIDE DNA METHYLATION PATTERNS IN OBESITY. OBESITY IS A CHRONIC AND COMPLEX PSYCHOSOMATIC DISEASE THAT IS BECOMING INCREASINGLY PREVALENT WORLDWIDE. THIS STUDY AIMED TO ANALYZE WHOLE METHYLATION PROFILES TO UNCOVER THE EPIGENETIC MECHANISMS ASSOCIATED WITH OBESITY. DNA METHYLATION PROFILES IN BLOOD SAMPLES FROM PATIENTS WITH OBESITY AND NORMAL CONTROLS WERE STUDIED USING THE ILLUMINA 850 K METHYLATION MICROARRAY. THE DIAGNOSTIC VALUE OF THE DIFFERENTIALLY METHYLATED GENES WAS DETERMINED USING RECEIVER OPERATING CHARACTERISTIC (ROC) ANALYSIS. THE EXPRESSION OF SELECTED CANDIDATE GENES WAS VERIFIED USING REVERSE TRANSCRIPTION QUANTITATIVE POLYMERASE CHAIN REACTION (RT-QPCR) AND PYROSEQUENCING. A TOTAL OF 9,371 SIGNIFICANTLY DIFFERENTIALLY METHYLATED SITES (7,974 HYPERMETHYLATED SITES AND 1,397 HYPOMETHYLATED SITES) WERE IDENTIFIED IN 4,571 GENES. A DIFFERENCE IN THE DISTRIBUTION OF DIFFERENTIALLY METHYLATED SITES (HYPERMETHYLATED AND HYPOMETHYLATED) IN BOTH GENE STRUCTURES AND CPG ISLANDS WAS OBSERVED. A TOTAL OF 114 KEY DIFFERENTIALLY METHYLATED SITES WERE IDENTIFIED IN THE CPG ISLANDS. ROC RESULTS INDICATED THAT INHIBIN SUBUNIT BETA B (INHBB), HOMEOBOX A9 (HOXA9), TROPONIN T3 (TNNT3), CYCLIC ADENOSINE MONOPHOSPHATE (CAMP)-RESPONSIVE ELEMENT BINDING PROTEIN (CREB)-REGULATED TRANSCRIPTION COACTIVATOR 1 (CRTC1) AND ZINC FINGER AND BTB DOMAIN-CONTAINING 7 B (ZBTB7B) COULD DISCRIMINATE PATIENTS WITH OBESITY FROM NORMAL CONTROLS. RT-QPCR RESULTS OF CRTC1 AND ZBTB7B WERE CONSISTENT WITH OUR METHYLATION PROFILE RESULTS. THE PYROSEQUENCING RESULTS SHOWED THAT THE METHYLATION LEVELS OF CRTC1 CPG SITES (CPG1 AND CPG2-CG11660071) AND INHBB CPG SITES (CPG2) WERE SIGNIFICANTLY CHANGED IN PATIENTS WITH OBESITY COMPARED WITH NORMAL CONTROLS, WHICH WAS CONSISTENT WITH OUR DNA METHYLATION PROFILE RESULTS. OUR STUDY PROVIDES NEW INSIGHTS INTO THE PATHOLOGICAL MECHANISM OF OBESITY.	2021	
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                         
19 5092  31 PLACENTAL EPIGENETIC MARKS RELATED TO GESTATIONAL WEIGHT GAIN REVEAL POTENTIAL GENES ASSOCIATED WITH OFFSPRING OBESITY PARAMETERS. OBJECTIVE: OFFSPRING EXPOSED TO GESTATIONAL OBESITY HAVE AN INCREASED RISK FOR CHRONIC DISEASES. INCREASING EVIDENCE SUGGESTS THAT EPIGENETICS MAY PLAY A MECHANISTIC ROLE IN METABOLIC PROGRAMMING. THIS STUDY AIMED TO IDENTIFY PLACENTAL DNA METHYLATION MARKS ASSOCIATED WITH GESTATIONAL WEIGHT GAIN (GWG) AND TO STUDY THEIR ASSOCIATION WITH OFFSPRING OBESITY PARAMETERS AT SCHOOL AGE. METHODS: A GLOBAL METHYLATION ARRAY WAS PERFORMED IN 24 PLACENTAS FROM MOTHERS WITH DIFFERENT DEGREES OF GWG (SCREENING SAMPLE). THE METHYLATION PERCENTAGE OF FOUR CYTOSINE-GUANINE (CPG) SITES AND THE RELATIVE EXPRESSION OF THE RESPECTIVE ANNOTATED GENES WERE STUDIED IN 90 ADDITIONAL PLACENTAS (VALIDATION SAMPLE). ASSOCIATIONS OF THESE EPIGENETIC MARKS WITH CLINICAL PARAMETERS IN THE OFFSPRING AT 6 YEARS OF AGE WERE EXAMINED. RESULTS: THE SCREENING ANALYSIS IDENTIFIED 104 CPG SITES (97 GENES) ASSOCIATED WITH GWG. THE VALIDATION ANALYSIS OF FOUR SELECTED CPG SITES (ANNOTATING FOR FRAT1, SNX5, AND KCNK3 GENES) SHOWED THAT THE UPREGULATION OF SNX5 METHYLATION, THE DOWNREGULATION OF FRAT1 METHYLATION, AND KCNK3 UNDEREXPRESSION ASSOCIATED WITH AN ADVERSE METABOLIC PHENOTYPE IN CHILDREN OF WOMEN WITH INCREASED GWG. CONCLUSIONS: THESE RESULTS SUGGEST THAT PLACENTAL REGULATION OF FRAT1, SNX5, AND KCNK3 RELATES TO OBESITY PARAMETERS IN OFFSPRING EXPOSED TO EXCESSIVE GWG AND THEREBY COULD CONDITION THE RISK FOR FUTURE METABOLIC DISORDERS.	2023	
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          
20 2390  34 EPIGENETIC REPRESSION OF CCDC37 AND MAP1B LINKS CHRONIC OBSTRUCTIVE PULMONARY DISEASE TO LUNG CANCER. INTRODUCTION: LUNG CANCER AND CHRONIC OBSTRUCTIVE PULMONARY DISEASE (COPD) SHARE ENVIRONMENTAL RISK FACTORS. COPD ALSO INCREASES THE RISK OF LUNG CANCER; HOWEVER, THE MOLECULAR MECHANISMS ARE UNCLEAR. METHODS: AN EPIGENOME-WIDE ASSOCIATION STUDY OF LUNG TUMORS AND CANCER-FREE LUNG TISSUE (CFLT) PAIRS FROM NON-SMALL-CELL LUNG CANCER CASES WITH (N = 18) OR WITHOUT (N = 17) COPD WAS CONDUCTED USING THE HUMANMETHYLATION450 BEADCHIP (HM450K). COPD-ASSOCIATED METHYLATION OF TOP-RANKED GENES WAS CONFIRMED IN A LARGER SAMPLE SET, INDEPENDENTLY VALIDATED, AND THEIR POTENTIAL AS SPUTUM-BASED BIOMARKERS WAS INVESTIGATED. RESULTS: METHYLATION OF CCDC37 AND MAP1B WAS MORE PREVALENT IN LUNG TUMORS FROM COPD THAN NON-COPD CASES [54 OF 71 (76%) VERSUS 20 OF 46 (43%), P = 0.0013] AND [48 OF 71 (68%) VERSUS 17 OF 46 (37%), P = 0.0035], RESPECTIVELY, AFTER ADJUSTMENT FOR AGE, SEX, SMOKING STATUS, AND TUMOR HISTOLOGY. HM450K PROBES ACROSS CCDC37 AND MAP1B PROMOTERS SHOWED HIGHER METHYLATION IN TUMORS THAN CFLT WITH THE HIGHEST METHYLATION SEEN IN TUMORS FROM COPD CASES (P < 0.05). THESE RESULTS WERE INDEPENDENTLY VALIDATED USING THE CANCER GENOME ATLAS DATA. CCDC37 METHYLATION WAS MORE PREVALENT IN SPUTUM FROM COPD THAN NON-COPD SMOKERS (P < 0.005) FROM TWO COHORTS. CCDC37 AND MAP1B EXPRESSION WAS DRAMATICALLY REPRESSED IN TUMORS AND CFLT FROM COPD THAN NON-COPD CASES, P LESS THAN 0.02. CONCLUSIONS: THE REDUCED EXPRESSION OF CCDC37 AND MAP1B ASSOCIATED WITH COPD LIKELY PREDISPOSES THESE GENES TO METHYLATION THAT IN TURN, MAY CONTRIBUTE TO LUNG CANCER.	2015