1 3993 126 LONGITUDINAL FOLLOW-UP OF THE ASTHMA STATUS IN A FRENCH-CANADIAN COHORT. ASTHMA AFFECTS 340 MILLION PEOPLE WORLDWIDE AND VARIES IN TIME. TWENTY YEARS AGO, IN CANADA, THE SAGUENAY-LAC-SAINT-JEAN ASTHMA FAMILY COHORT WAS CREATED TO STUDY THE GENETIC AND ENVIRONMENTAL COMPONENTS OF ASTHMA. THIS STUDY IS A FOLLOW-UP OF 125 PARTICIPANTS OF THIS COHORT TO EXPLORE THE APPEARANCE, PERSISTENCE, AND PROGRESSION OF ASTHMA OVER 10-20 YEARS. PARTICIPANTS ANSWERED A CLINICAL STANDARDIZED QUESTIONNAIRE. LUNG FUNCTION WAS ASSESSED (FORCED EXPIRATORY VOLUME IN 1 S, FORCED VITAL CAPACITY, BRONCHIAL REVERSIBILITY, AND METHACHOLINE BRONCHOPROVOCATION), SKIN ALLERGY TESTING WAS PERFORMED, BLOOD SAMPLES WERE OBTAINED (IMMUNOGLOBULIN E, WHITE BLOOD CELL COUNTS) AND PHENOTYPES WERE COMPARED BETWEEN RECRUITMENT AND FOLLOW-UP. FROM THE PARTICIPANTS WITHOUT ASTHMA AT RECRUITMENT, 12% DEVELOPED A PHENOTYPE OF ADULT-ONSET ASTHMA WITH THE PRESENCE OF RISK FACTORS, SUCH AS ATOPY, HIGH BODY MASS INDEX, AND EXPOSURE TO SMOKING. A DECREASE OF PC(20) VALUES IN THIS GROUP WAS OBSERVED AND A DECREASE IN THE FEV(1)/FVC RATIO IN ALL GROUPS. ALSO, 7% OF INDIVIDUALS WITH ASTHMA AT RECRUITMENT DEVELOPED CHRONIC OBSTRUCTIVE PULMONARY DISEASE, PRESENTING RISK FACTORS AT RECRUITMENT, SUCH AS MODERATE-TO-SEVERE BRONCHIAL HYPERRESPONSIVENESS, EXPOSURE TO SMOKING, AND ASTHMA. THIS STUDY ALLOWED A BETTER INTERPRETATION OF THE EVOLUTION OF ASTHMA. FINE PHENOTYPIC CHARACTERIZATION IS THE FIRST STEP FOR MEANINGFUL GENETIC AND EPIGENETIC STUDIES.	2022	
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                
2 5638  33 SERUM METABOLOMICS REVEALS PATHWAYS AND BIOMARKERS ASSOCIATED WITH ASTHMA PATHOGENESIS. BACKGROUND: ASTHMA IS A CHRONIC INFLAMMATORY DISEASE CAUSED BY COMPLEX INTERACTIONS OF GENETIC, EPIGENETIC, AND ENVIRONMENTAL FACTORS. FOR THIS REASON, NEW APPROACHES ARE REQUIRED TO CLARIFY THE PATHOGENESIS OF ASTHMA BY SYSTEMIC REVIEW. OBJECTIVE: WE APPLIED A (1)H-NMR METABOLOMICS APPROACH TO INVESTIGATE THE ALTERED METABOLIC PATTERN IN SERA FROM PATIENTS WITH ASTHMA AND SOUGHT TO IDENTIFY THE MECHANISM UNDERLYING ASTHMA AND POTENTIAL BIOMARKERS. METHOD: A GLOBAL PROFILE OF SERA FROM PATIENTS WITH ASTHMA (N = 39) AND CONTROLS (N = 26) WAS GENERATED USING (1)H-NMR SPECTROSCOPY COUPLED WITH MULTIVARIATE STATISTICAL ANALYSIS. ENDOGENOUS METABOLITES IN SERUM WERE RAPIDLY MEASURED USING THE TARGET-PROFILING PROCEDURE. RESULTS: MULTIVARIATE STATISTICAL ANALYSIS SHOWED A CLEAR DISTINCTION BETWEEN PATIENTS WITH ASTHMA AND HEALTHY SUBJECTS. SERA OF ASTHMA PATIENTS WERE CHARACTERIZED BY INCREASED LEVELS OF METHIONINE, GLUTAMINE, AND HISTIDINE AND BY DECREASED LEVELS OF FORMATE, METHANOL, ACETATE, CHOLINE, O-PHOSPHOCHOLINE, ARGININE, AND GLUCOSE. THE METABOLITES DETECTED IN THE SERA OF PATIENTS WITH ASTHMA ARE INVOLVED IN HYPERMETHYLATION, RESPONSE TO HYPOXIA, AND IMMUNE REACTION. FURTHERMORE, THE LEVELS OF SERUM METABOLITES FROM PATIENTS WITH ASTHMA CORRELATED WITH ASTHMA SEVERITY; IN PARTICULAR, LIPID METABOLISM WAS ALTERED IN PATIENTS WITH LOWER FORCED EXPIRATORY VOLUME IN 1 S PERCENTAGE (FEV(1)%) PREDICTED VALUES. IN ADDITION, POTENTIAL BIOMARKERS SHOWED STRONG PREDICTIVE POWER IN ROC ANALYSIS, AND THE PRESENCE OF ASTHMA IN EXTERNAL VALIDATION MODELS WAS PREDICTED WITH HIGH ACCURACY (90.9% FOR ASTHMA AND 100% FOR CONTROL SUBJECTS). CONCLUSION & CLINICAL RELEVANCE: THESE DATA SHOWED THAT (1)H-NMR-BASED METABOLITE PROFILING OF SERUM MAY BE USEFUL FOR THE EFFECTIVE DIAGNOSIS OF ASTHMA AND A FURTHER UNDERSTANDING OF ITS PATHOGENESIS.	2013	
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       
3 3652  28 INDIVIDUAL DNA METHYLATION PATTERN SHIFTS IN NANOPARTICLES-EXPOSED WORKERS ANALYZED IN FOUR CONSECUTIVE YEARS. A DNA METHYLATION PATTERN REPRESENTS AN ORIGINAL PLAN OF THE FUNCTION SETTINGS OF INDIVIDUAL CELLS AND TISSUES. THE BASIC STRATEGIES OF ITS DEVELOPMENT AND CHANGES DURING THE HUMAN LIFETIME ARE KNOWN, BUT THE DETAILS RELATED TO ITS MODIFICATION OVER THE YEARS ON AN INDIVIDUAL BASIS HAVE NOT YET BEEN STUDIED. MOREOVER, CURRENT EVIDENCE SHOWS THAT ENVIRONMENTAL EXPOSURE COULD GENERATE CHANGES IN DNA METHYLATION SETTINGS AND, SUBSEQUENTLY, THE FUNCTION OF GENES. IN THIS STUDY, WE ANALYZED THE EFFECT OF CHRONIC EXPOSURE TO NANOPARTICLES (NP) IN OCCUPATIONALLY EXPOSED WORKERS REPEATEDLY SAMPLED IN FOUR CONSECUTIVE YEARS (2016-2019). A DETAILED METHYLATION PATTERN ANALYSIS OF 14 PERSONS (10 EXPOSED AND 4 CONTROLS) WAS PERFORMED ON AN INDIVIDUAL BASIS. A MICROARRAY-BASED APPROACH USING CHIPS, ALLOWING THE ASSESSMENT OF MORE THAN 850 K CPG LOCI, WAS USED. INDIVIDUAL DNA METHYLATION PATTERNS WERE COMPARED BY PRINCIPAL COMPONENT ANALYSIS (PCA). THE RESULTS SHOW THE SHIFT IN DNA METHYLATION PATTERNS IN INDIVIDUAL YEARS IN ALL THE EXPOSED AND CONTROL SUBJECTS. THE OVERALL RANGE OF DIFFERENCES VARIED BETWEEN THE YEARS IN INDIVIDUAL PERSONS. THE DIFFERENCES BETWEEN THE FIRST AND LAST YEAR OF EXAMINATION (A THREE-YEAR TIME PERIOD) SEEM TO BE CONSISTENTLY GREATER IN THE NP-EXPOSED SUBJECTS IN COMPARISON WITH THE CONTROLS. THE SELECTED 14 MOST DIFFERENTLY METHYLATED CG LOCI WERE RELATIVELY STABLE IN THE CHRONICALLY EXPOSED SUBJECTS. IN SUMMARY, THE SPECIFIC TYPE OF LONG-TERM EXPOSURE CAN CONTRIBUTE TO THE FIXING OF RELEVANT EPIGENETIC CHANGES RELATED TO A SPECIFIC ENVIRONMENT AS, E.G., NP INHALATION.	2021	
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      
4 1519  30 DNA METHYLATION AT ATP11A CG11702988 IS A BIOMARKER OF LUNG DISEASE SEVERITY IN CYSTIC FIBROSIS: A LONGITUDINAL STUDY. CYSTIC FIBROSIS (CF) IS A CHRONIC GENETIC DISEASE THAT MAINLY AFFECTS THE RESPIRATORY AND GASTROINTESTINAL SYSTEMS. NO CURATIVE TREATMENTS ARE AVAILABLE, BUT THE FOLLOW-UP IN SPECIALIZED CENTERS HAS GREATLY IMPROVED THE PATIENT LIFE EXPECTANCY. ROBUST BIOMARKERS ARE REQUIRED TO MONITOR THE DISEASE, GUIDE TREATMENTS, STRATIFY PATIENTS, AND PROVIDE OUTCOME MEASURES IN CLINICAL TRIALS. IN THE PRESENT STUDY, WE OUTLINE A STRATEGY TO SELECT PUTATIVE DNA METHYLATION BIOMARKERS OF LUNG DISEASE SEVERITY IN CYSTIC FIBROSIS PATIENTS. IN THE DISCOVERY STEP, WE SELECTED SEVEN POTENTIAL BIOMARKERS USING A GENOME-WIDE DNA METHYLATION DATASET THAT WE GENERATED IN NASAL EPITHELIAL SAMPLES FROM THE METHYLCF COHORT. IN THE REPLICATION STEP, WE ASSESSED THE SAME BIOMARKERS USING SPUTUM CELL SAMPLES FROM THE METHYLBIOMARK COHORT. OF INTEREST, DNA METHYLATION AT THE CG11702988 SITE (ATP11A GENE) POSITIVELY CORRELATED WITH LUNG FUNCTION AND BMI, AND NEGATIVELY CORRELATED WITH LUNG DISEASE SEVERITY, P. AERUGINOSA CHRONIC INFECTION, AND THE NUMBER OF EXACERBATIONS. THESE RESULTS WERE REPLICATED IN PROSPECTIVE SPUTUM SAMPLES COLLECTED AT FOUR TIME POINTS WITHIN AN 18-MONTH PERIOD AND LONGITUDINALLY. TO CONCLUDE, (I) WE IDENTIFIED A DNA METHYLATION BIOMARKER THAT CORRELATES WITH CF SEVERITY, (II) WE PROVIDED A METHOD TO EASILY ASSESS THIS BIOMARKER, AND (III) WE CARRIED OUT THE FIRST LONGITUDINAL ANALYSIS OF DNA METHYLATION IN CF PATIENTS. THIS NEW EPIGENETIC BIOMARKER COULD BE USED TO STRATIFY CF PATIENTS IN CLINICAL TRIALS.	2021	
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                   
5 1551  31 DNA METHYLATION IS GLOBALLY DISRUPTED AND ASSOCIATED WITH EXPRESSION CHANGES IN CHRONIC OBSTRUCTIVE PULMONARY DISEASE SMALL AIRWAYS. DNA METHYLATION IS AN EPIGENETIC MODIFICATION THAT IS HIGHLY DISRUPTED IN RESPONSE TO CIGARETTE SMOKE AND INVOLVED IN A WIDE SPECTRUM OF MALIGNANT AND NONMALIGNANT DISEASES, BUT SURPRISINGLY NOT PREVIOUSLY ASSESSED IN SMALL AIRWAYS OF PATIENTS WITH CHRONIC OBSTRUCTIVE PULMONARY DISEASE (COPD). SMALL AIRWAYS ARE THE PRIMARY SITES OF AIRFLOW OBSTRUCTION IN COPD. WE SOUGHT TO DETERMINE WHETHER DNA METHYLATION PATTERNS ARE DISRUPTED IN SMALL AIRWAY EPITHELIA OF PATIENTS WITH COPD, AND EVALUATE WHETHER CHANGES IN GENE EXPRESSION ARE ASSOCIATED WITH THESE DISRUPTIONS. GENOME-WIDE METHYLATION AND GENE EXPRESSION ANALYSIS WERE PERFORMED ON SMALL AIRWAY EPITHELIAL DNA AND RNA OBTAINED FROM THE SAME PATIENT DURING BRONCHOSCOPY, USING ILLUMINA'S INFINIUM HM27 AND AFFYMETRIX'S GENECHIP HUMAN GENE 1.0 ST ARRAYS. TO CONTROL FOR KNOWN EFFECTS OF CIGARETTE SMOKING ON DNA METHYLATION, METHYLATION AND GENE EXPRESSION PROFILES WERE COMPARED BETWEEN FORMER SMOKERS WITH AND WITHOUT COPD MATCHED FOR AGE, PACK-YEARS, AND YEARS OF SMOKING CESSATION. OUR RESULTS INDICATE THAT ABERRANT DNA METHYLATION IS (1) A GENOME-WIDE PHENOMENON IN SMALL AIRWAYS OF PATIENTS WITH COPD, AND (2) ASSOCIATED WITH ALTERED EXPRESSION OF GENES AND PATHWAYS IMPORTANT TO COPD, SUCH AS THE NF-E2-RELATED FACTOR 2 OXIDATIVE RESPONSE PATHWAY. DNA METHYLATION IS LIKELY AN IMPORTANT MECHANISM CONTRIBUTING TO MODULATION OF GENES IMPORTANT TO COPD PATHOLOGY. BECAUSE THESE METHYLATION EVENTS MAY UNDERLIE DISEASE-SPECIFIC GENE EXPRESSION CHANGES, THEIR CHARACTERIZATION IS A CRITICAL FIRST STEP TOWARD THE DEVELOPMENT OF EPIGENETIC MARKERS AND AN OPPORTUNITY FOR DEVELOPING NOVEL EPIGENETIC THERAPEUTIC INTERVENTIONS FOR COPD.	2014	
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                             
6 1705  31 DYNAMICS OF SMOKING-INDUCED GENOME-WIDE METHYLATION CHANGES WITH TIME SINCE SMOKING CESSATION. SEVERAL STUDIES HAVE RECENTLY IDENTIFIED STRONG EPIGENETIC SIGNALS RELATED TO TOBACCO SMOKING. HOWEVER, AN ASPECT THAT DID NOT RECEIVE MUCH ATTENTION IS THE EVOLUTION OF EPIGENETIC CHANGES WITH TIME SINCE SMOKING CESSATION. WE CONDUCTED A SERIES OF EPIGENOME-WIDE ASSOCIATION STUDIES TO CAPTURE THE DYNAMICS OF SMOKING-INDUCED EPIGENETIC CHANGES AFTER SMOKING CESSATION, USING GENOME-WIDE METHYLATION PROFILES OBTAINED FROM BLOOD SAMPLES IN 745 WOMEN FROM 2 EUROPEAN POPULATIONS. TWO DISTINCT CLASSES OF CPG SITES WERE IDENTIFIED: SITES WHOSE METHYLATION REVERTS TO LEVELS TYPICAL OF NEVER SMOKERS WITHIN DECADES AFTER SMOKING CESSATION, AND SITES REMAINING DIFFERENTIALLY METHYLATED, EVEN MORE THAN 35 YEARS AFTER SMOKING CESSATION. OUR RESULTS SUGGEST THAT THE DYNAMICS OF METHYLATION CHANGES FOLLOWING SMOKING CESSATION ARE DRIVEN BY A DIFFERENTIAL AND SITE-SPECIFIC MAGNITUDE OF THE SMOKING-INDUCED ALTERATIONS (WITH PERSISTENT SITES BEING MOST AFFECTED) IRRESPECTIVE OF THE INTENSITY AND DURATION OF SMOKING. ANALYSES OF THE LINK BETWEEN METHYLATION AND EXPRESSION LEVELS REVEALED THAT METHYLATION PREDOMINANTLY AND REMOTELY DOWN-REGULATES GENE EXPRESSION. AMONG GENES WHOSE EXPRESSION WAS ASSOCIATED WITH OUR CANDIDATE CPG SITES, LRRN3 APPEARED TO BE PARTICULARLY INTERESTING AS IT WAS ONE OF THE FEW GENES WHOSE METHYLATION AND EXPRESSION WERE DIRECTLY ASSOCIATED, AND THE ONLY GENE IN WHICH BOTH METHYLATION AND GENE EXPRESSION WERE FOUND ASSOCIATED WITH SMOKING. OUR STUDY HIGHLIGHTS PERSISTENT EPIGENETIC MARKERS OF SMOKING, WHICH CAN POTENTIALLY BE DETECTED DECADES AFTER CESSATION. SUCH HISTORICAL SIGNATURES ARE PROMISING BIOMARKERS TO REFINE INDIVIDUAL RISK PROFILING OF SMOKING-INDUCED CHRONIC DISEASE SUCH AS LUNG CANCER.	2015	
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       
7  348  36 ALTERED DNA METHYLATION IS ASSOCIATED WITH ABERRANT GENE EXPRESSION IN PARENCHYMAL BUT NOT AIRWAY FIBROBLASTS ISOLATED FROM INDIVIDUALS WITH COPD. BACKGROUND: CHRONIC OBSTRUCTIVE PULMONARY DISEASE (COPD) IS A HETEROGENEOUS DISEASE OF THE LUNGS THAT IS CURRENTLY THE FOURTH LEADING CAUSE OF DEATH WORLDWIDE. GENETIC FACTORS ACCOUNT FOR ONLY A SMALL AMOUNT OF COPD RISK, BUT EPIGENETIC MECHANISMS, INCLUDING DNA METHYLATION, HAVE THE POTENTIAL TO MEDIATE THE INTERACTIONS BETWEEN AN INDIVIDUAL'S GENETICS AND ENVIRONMENTAL EXPOSURE. DNA METHYLATION IS HIGHLY CELL TYPE-SPECIFIC, AND INDIVIDUAL CELL TYPE STUDIES OF DNA METHYLATION IN COPD ARE SPARSE. FIBROBLASTS ARE PRESENT WITHIN THE AIRWAY AND PARENCHYMA OF THE LUNG AND CONTRIBUTE TO THE ABERRANT DEPOSITION OF EXTRACELLULAR MATRIX IN COPD. NO ASSESSMENT OR COMPARISON OF GENOME-WIDE DNA METHYLATION PROFILES IN THE AIRWAY AND PARENCHYMAL FIBROBLASTS FROM INDIVIDUALS WITH AND WITHOUT COPD HAS BEEN UNDERTAKEN. THESE DATA PROVIDE VALUABLE INSIGHT INTO THE MOLECULAR MECHANISMS CONTRIBUTING TO COPD AND THE DIFFERING PATHOLOGIES OF SMALL AIRWAYS DISEASE AND EMPHYSEMA IN COPD. METHODS: GENOME-WIDE DNA METHYLATION WAS EVALUATED AT OVER 485,000 CPG SITES USING THE ILLUMINA INFINIUM HUMANMETHYLATION450 BEADCHIP ARRAY IN THE AIRWAY (NON-COPD N = 8, COPD N = 7) AND PARENCHYMAL FIBROBLASTS (NON-COPD N = 17, COPD N = 29) ISOLATED FROM INDIVIDUALS WITH AND WITHOUT COPD. TARGETED GENE EXPRESSION WAS ASSESSED BY QPCR IN MATCHED RNA SAMPLES. RESULTS: DIFFERENTIALLY METHYLATED DNA REGIONS WERE IDENTIFIED BETWEEN CELLS ISOLATED FROM INDIVIDUALS WITH AND WITHOUT COPD IN BOTH AIRWAY AND PARENCHYMAL FIBROBLASTS. ONLY IN PARENCHYMAL FIBROBLASTS WAS DIFFERENTIAL DNA METHYLATION ASSOCIATED WITH DIFFERENTIAL GENE EXPRESSION. A SECOND ANALYSIS OF DIFFERENTIAL DNA METHYLATION VARIABILITY IDENTIFIED 359 INDIVIDUAL DIFFERENTIALLY VARIABLE CPG SITES IN PARENCHYMAL FIBROBLASTS. NO DIFFERENTIALLY VARIABLE CPG SITES WERE IDENTIFIED IN THE AIRWAY FIBROBLASTS. FIVE DIFFERENTIALLY VARIABLE-METHYLATED CPG SITES, ASSOCIATED WITH THREE GENES, WERE SUBSEQUENTLY ASSESSED FOR GENE EXPRESSION DIFFERENCES. TWO GENES (OAT AND GRIK2) DISPLAYED SIGNIFICANTLY INCREASED GENE EXPRESSION IN CELLS ISOLATED FROM INDIVIDUALS WITH COPD. CONCLUSIONS: DIFFERENTIAL AND VARIABLE DNA METHYLATION WAS ASSOCIATED WITH COPD STATUS IN THE PARENCHYMAL FIBROBLASTS BUT NOT AIRWAY FIBROBLASTS. ABERRANT DNA METHYLATION WAS ASSOCIATED WITH ALTERED GENE EXPRESSION IMPARTING BIOLOGICAL FUNCTION TO DNA METHYLATION CHANGES. CHANGES IN DNA METHYLATION ARE THEREFORE IMPLICATED IN THE MOLECULAR MECHANISMS UNDERLYING COPD PATHOGENESIS AND MAY REPRESENT NOVEL THERAPEUTIC TARGETS.	2018	

8  178  35 ACCELERATED EPIGENETIC AGING AS A RISK FACTOR FOR CHRONIC OBSTRUCTIVE PULMONARY DISEASE AND DECREASED LUNG FUNCTION IN TWO PROSPECTIVE COHORT STUDIES. CHRONIC OBSTRUCTIVE PULMONARY DISEASE (COPD) IS A FREQUENT DIAGNOSIS IN OLDER INDIVIDUALS AND CONTRIBUTOR TO GLOBAL MORBIDITY AND MORTALITY. GIVEN THE LINK BETWEEN LUNG DISEASE AND AGING, WE NEED TO UNDERSTAND HOW MOLECULAR INDICATORS OF AGING RELATE TO LUNG FUNCTION AND DISEASE. USING DATA FROM THE POPULATION-BASED KORA (COOPERATIVE HEALTH RESEARCH IN THE REGION OF AUGSBURG) SURVEYS, WE ASSOCIATED BASELINE EPIGENETIC (DNA METHYLATION) AGE ACCELERATION WITH INCIDENT COPD AND LUNG FUNCTION. MODELS WERE ADJUSTED FOR AGE, SEX, SMOKING, HEIGHT, WEIGHT, AND BASELINE LUNG DISEASE AS APPROPRIATE. ASSOCIATIONS WERE REPLICATED IN THE NORMATIVE AGING STUDY. OF 770 KORA PARTICIPANTS, 131 DEVELOPED INCIDENT COPD OVER 7 YEARS. BASELINE ACCELERATED EPIGENETIC AGING WAS SIGNIFICANTLY ASSOCIATED WITH INCIDENT COPD. THE CHANGE IN AGE ACCELERATION (FOLLOW-UP - BASELINE) WAS MORE STRONGLY ASSOCIATED WITH COPD THAN BASELINE AGING ALONE. THE ASSOCIATION BETWEEN THE CHANGE IN AGE ACCELERATION BETWEEN BASELINE AND FOLLOW-UP AND INCIDENT COPD REPLICATED IN THE NORMATIVE AGING STUDY. ASSOCIATIONS WITH SPIROMETRIC LUNG FUNCTION PARAMETERS WERE WEAKER THAN THOSE WITH COPD, BUT A META-ANALYSIS OF BOTH COHORTS PROVIDE SUGGESTIVE EVIDENCE OF ASSOCIATIONS. ACCELERATED EPIGENETIC AGING, BOTH BASELINE MEASURES AND CHANGES OVER TIME, MAY BE A RISK FACTOR FOR COPD AND REDUCED LUNG FUNCTION.	2020	
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      
9 1599  28 DNA METHYLATION SIGNATURE OF CHILDHOOD CHRONIC PHYSICAL AGGRESSION IN T CELLS OF BOTH MEN AND WOMEN. BACKGROUND: HIGH FREQUENCY OF PHYSICAL AGGRESSION IS THE CENTRAL FEATURE OF SEVERE CONDUCT DISORDER AND IS ASSOCIATED WITH A WIDE RANGE OF SOCIAL, MENTAL AND PHYSICAL HEALTH PROBLEMS. WE HAVE PREVIOUSLY TESTED THE HYPOTHESIS THAT DIFFERENTIAL DNA METHYLATION SIGNATURES IN PERIPHERAL T CELLS ARE ASSOCIATED WITH A CHRONIC AGGRESSION TRAJECTORY IN MALES. DESPITE THE FACT THAT SEX DIFFERENCES APPEAR TO PLAY A PIVOTAL ROLE IN DETERMINING THE DEVELOPMENT, MAGNITUDE AND FREQUENCY OF AGGRESSION, MOST OF PREVIOUS STUDIES FOCUSED ON MALES, SO LITTLE IS KNOWN ABOUT FEMALE CHRONIC PHYSICAL AGGRESSION. WE THEREFORE TESTED HERE WHETHER OR NOT THERE IS A SIGNATURE OF PHYSICAL AGGRESSION IN FEMALE DNA METHYLATION AND, IF THERE IS, HOW IT RELATES TO THE SIGNATURE OBSERVED IN MALES. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS: METHYLATION PROFILES WERE CREATED USING THE METHOD OF METHYLATED DNA IMMUNOPRECIPITATION (MEDIP) FOLLOWED BY MICROARRAY HYBRIDIZATION AND STATISTICAL AND BIOINFORMATIC ANALYSES ON T CELL DNA OBTAINED FROM ADULT WOMEN WHO WERE FOUND TO BE ON A CHRONIC PHYSICAL AGGRESSION TRAJECTORY (CPA) BETWEEN 6 AND 12 YEARS OF AGE COMPARED TO WOMEN WHO FOLLOWED A NORMAL PHYSICAL AGGRESSION TRAJECTORY. WE CONFIRMED THE EXISTENCE OF A WELL-DEFINED, GENOME-WIDE SIGNATURE OF DNA METHYLATION ASSOCIATED WITH CHRONIC PHYSICAL AGGRESSION IN THE PERIPHERAL T CELLS OF ADULT FEMALES THAT INCLUDES MANY OF THE GENES SIMILARLY ASSOCIATED WITH PHYSICAL AGGRESSION IN THE SAME CELL TYPES OF ADULT MALES. CONCLUSIONS: THIS STUDY IN A SMALL NUMBER OF WOMEN PRESENTS PRELIMINARY EVIDENCE FOR A GENOME-WIDE VARIATION IN PROMOTER DNA METHYLATION THAT ASSOCIATES WITH CPA IN WOMEN THAT WARRANT LARGER STUDIES FOR FURTHER VERIFICATION. A SIGNIFICANT PROPORTION OF THESE ASSOCIATIONS WERE PREVIOUSLY OBSERVED IN MEN WITH CPA SUPPORTING THE HYPOTHESIS THAT THE EPIGENETIC SIGNATURE OF EARLY LIFE AGGRESSION IN FEMALES IS COMPOSED OF A COMPONENT SPECIFIC TO FEMALES AND ANOTHER COMMON TO BOTH MALES AND FEMALES.	2014	
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        
10 6311  25 THE RELATION BETWEEN DNA METHYLATION PATTERNS AND SERUM CYTOKINE LEVELS IN COMMUNITY-DWELLING ADULTS: A PRELIMINARY STUDY. BACKGROUND: THE LEVELS OF CIRCULATING CYTOKINES FLUCTUATE WITH AGE, ACUTE ILLNESS, AND CHRONIC DISEASE, AND ARE PREDICTIVE OF MORTALITY; THIS IS ALSO TRUE FOR PATTERNS OF DNA (CPG) METHYLATION. GIVEN THAT IMMUNE CELLS ARE PARTICULARLY SENSITIVE TO CHANGES IN THE CONCENTRATION OF CYTOKINES IN THEIR MICROENVIRONMENT, WE HYPOTHESIZED THAT SERUM LEVELS OF TNF, IL-6, IL-8 AND IL-10 WOULD CORRELATE WITH GENOME-WIDE ALTERATIONS IN THE DNA METHYLATION LEVELS OF BLOOD LEUKOCYTES. TO TEST THIS, WE EVALUATED COMMUNITY-DWELLING ADULTS (N = 14; 48-78 YEARS OLD) RECRUITED TO A PILOT STUDY FOR THE CANADIAN LONGITUDINAL STUDY ON AGING (CLSA), EXAMINING DNA METHYLATION PATTERNS IN PERIPHERAL BLOOD MONONUCLEAR CELLS USING THE ILLUMINA HUMANMETHYLATION 450 K BEADCHIP. RESULTS: WE SHOW THAT, APART FROM AGE, SERUM IL-10 LEVELS EXHIBITED THE MOST SUBSTANTIAL ASSOCIATION TO DNA METHYLATION PATTERNS, FOLLOWED BY TNF, IL-6 AND IL-8. FURTHERMORE, WHILE THE LEVELS OF THESE CYTOKINES WERE HIGHER IN ELDERLY ADULTS, NO ASSOCIATIONS WITH EPIGENETIC ACCELERATED AGING, DERIVED USING THE EPIGENETIC CLOCK, WERE OBSERVED. CONCLUSIONS: AS A PRELIMINARY STUDY WITH A SMALL SAMPLE SIZE, THE CONCLUSIONS DRAWN FROM THIS WORK MUST BE VIEWED WITH CAUTION; HOWEVER, OUR OBSERVATIONS ARE ENCOURAGING AND CERTAINLY WARRANT MORE SUITABLY POWERED STUDIES OF THIS RELATIONSHIP.	2017	
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                
11 1439  29 DIFFERENTIAL PLACENTAL CPG METHYLATION IS ASSOCIATED WITH CHRONIC LUNG DISEASE OF PREMATURITY. BACKGROUND: CHRONIC LUNG DISEASE (CLD) IS THE MOST COMMON PULMONARY MORBIDITY IN EXTREMELY PRETERM INFANTS. IT IS UNCLEAR TO WHAT EXTENT PRENATAL EXPOSURES INFLUENCE THE RISK OF CLD. EPIGENETIC VARIATION IN PLACENTA DNA METHYLATION MAY BE ASSOCIATED WITH DIFFERENTIAL RISK OF CLD, AND THESE ASSOCIATIONS MAY BE DEPENDENT UPON SEX. METHODS: DATA WERE OBTAINED FROM A MULTI-CENTER COHORT OF INFANTS BORN EXTREMELY PRETERM (<28 WEEKS' GESTATION) AND AN EPIGENOME-WIDE APPROACH WAS USED TO IDENTIFY ASSOCIATIONS BETWEEN PLACENTAL DNA METHYLATION AND CLD (N = 423). ASSOCIATIONS WERE EVALUATED USING ROBUST LINEAR REGRESSION ADJUSTING FOR COVARIATES, WITH A FALSE DISCOVERY RATE OF 0.05. ANALYSES STRATIFIED BY SEX WERE USED TO ASSESS DIFFERENCES IN METHYLATION-CLD ASSOCIATIONS. RESULTS: CLD WAS ASSOCIATED WITH DIFFERENTIAL METHYLATION AT 49 CPG SITES REPRESENTING 46 GENES IN THE PLACENTA. CLD WAS ASSOCIATED WITH DIFFERENTIAL METHYLATION OF PROBES WITHIN GENES RELATED TO PATHWAYS INVOLVED IN FETAL LUNG DEVELOPMENT, SUCH AS P53 SIGNALING AND MYO-INOSITOL BIOSYNTHESIS. ASSOCIATIONS BETWEEN CPG METHYLATION AND CLD DIFFERED BY SEX. CONCLUSIONS: DIFFERENTIAL PLACENTAL METHYLATION WITHIN GENES WITH KEY ROLES IN FETAL LUNG DEVELOPMENT MAY REFLECT COMPLEX CELL SIGNALING BETWEEN THE PLACENTA AND FETUS WHICH MEDIATE CLD RISK. THESE PATHWAYS APPEAR TO BE DISTINCT BASED ON FETAL SEX. IMPACT: IN EXTREMELY PRETERM INFANTS, DIFFERENTIAL METHYLATION OF CPG SITES WITHIN PLACENTAL GENES INVOLVED IN PATHWAYS RELATED TO CELL SIGNALING, OXIDATIVE STRESS, AND TROPHOBLAST INVASION IS ASSOCIATED WITH CHRONIC LUNG DISEASE OF PREMATURITY. DNA METHYLATION PATTERNS ASSOCIATED WITH CHRONIC LUNG DISEASE WERE DISTINCTLY BASED ON FETAL SEX, SUGGESTING A POTENTIAL MECHANISM UNDERLYING DIMORPHIC PHENOTYPES. MECHANISMS RELATED TO FETAL HYPOXIA AND PLACENTAL MYO-INOSITOL SIGNALING MAY PLAY A ROLE IN FETAL LUNG PROGRAMMING AND THE DEVELOPMENTAL ORIGINS OF CHRONIC LUNG DISEASE. CONTINUED RESEARCH OF THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN THE PLACENTAL EPIGENOME AND CHRONIC LUNG DISEASE COULD INFORM EFFORTS TO AMELIORATE OR PREVENT THIS CONDITION.	2022	
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          
12 1503  22 DNA METHYLATION AND GENE EXPRESSION DIFFERENCES IN CHILDREN CONCEIVED IN VITRO OR IN VIVO. EPIDEMIOLOGICAL DATA INDICATE THAT CHILDREN CONCEIVED IN VITRO HAVE A GREATER RELATIVE RISK OF LOW BIRTH-WEIGHT, MAJOR AND MINOR BIRTH DEFECTS, AND RARE DISORDERS INVOLVING IMPRINTED GENES, SUGGESTING THAT EPIGENETIC CHANGES MAY BE ASSOCIATED WITH ASSISTED REPRODUCTION. WE EXAMINED DNA METHYLATION AT MORE THAN 700 GENES (1536 CPG SITES) IN PLACENTA AND CORD BLOOD AND MEASURED GENE EXPRESSION LEVELS OF A SUBSET OF GENES THAT DIFFERED IN METHYLATION LEVELS BETWEEN CHILDREN CONCEIVED IN VITRO VERSUS IN VIVO. OUR RESULTS SUGGEST THAT IN VITRO CONCEPTION IS ASSOCIATED WITH LOWER MEAN METHYLATION AT CPG SITES IN PLACENTA AND HIGHER MEAN METHYLATION AT CPG SITES IN CORD BLOOD. WE ALSO FIND THAT IN VITRO CONCEPTION-ASSOCIATED DNA METHYLATION DIFFERENCES ARE ASSOCIATED WITH GENE EXPRESSION DIFFERENCES AT BOTH IMPRINTED AND NON-IMPRINTED GENES. THE RANGE OF INTER-INDIVIDUAL VARIATION IN GENE EXPRESSION OF THE IN VITRO AND IN VIVO GROUPS OVERLAPS SUBSTANTIALLY BUT SOME INDIVIDUALS FROM THE IN VITRO GROUP DIFFER FROM THE IN VIVO GROUP MEAN BY MORE THAN TWO STANDARD DEVIATIONS. SEVERAL OF THE GENES WHOSE EXPRESSION DIFFERS BETWEEN THE TWO GROUPS HAVE BEEN IMPLICATED IN CHRONIC METABOLIC DISORDERS, SUCH AS OBESITY AND TYPE II DIABETES. THESE FINDINGS SUGGEST THAT THERE MAY BE EPIGENETIC DIFFERENCES IN THE GAMETES OR EARLY EMBRYOS DERIVED FROM COUPLES UNDERGOING TREATMENT FOR INFERTILITY. ALTERNATIVELY, ASSISTED REPRODUCTION TECHNOLOGY MAY HAVE AN EFFECT ON GLOBAL PATTERNS OF DNA METHYLATION AND GENE EXPRESSION. IN EITHER CASE, THESE DIFFERENCES OR CHANGES MAY AFFECT LONG-TERM PATTERNS OF GENE EXPRESSION.	2009	
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  
13 1537  31 DNA METHYLATION IN ADOLESCENTS WITH ANXIETY DISORDER: A LONGITUDINAL STUDY. ANXIETY DISORDERS (AD) TYPICALLY MANIFEST IN CHILDREN AND ADOLESCENTS AND MIGHT PERSIST INTO ADULTHOOD. HOWEVER, THERE ARE STILL FEW DATA CONCERNING EPIGENETIC MECHANISMS ASSOCIATED WITH ONSET, PERSISTENCE OR REMISSION OF AD OVER TIME. WE INVESTIGATED A COHORT OF ADOLESCENTS AND YOUNG ADULTS AT BASELINE (AGE; 13.19 +/- 2.38) AND AFTER 5 YEARS AND CLASSIFIED THEM ACCORDING TO THE AD DIAGNOSIS AND THEIR LONGITUDINAL TRAJECTORIES INTO 4 GROUPS: (1) TYPICALLY DEVELOPING COMPARISONS (TDC; CONTROL GROUP, N = 14); (2) INCIDENT (AD IN THE SECOND EVALUATION ONLY, N = 11); (3) PERSISTENT (AD IN BOTH EVALUATIONS, N = 14) AND (4) REMITTENT (AD IN THE FIRST EVALUATION ONLY, N = 8). DNA METHYLATION WAS EVALUATED WITH THE INFINIUM HUMANMETHYLATION450 BEADCHIP FROM SALIVA SAMPLES COLLECTED AT BOTH EVALUATIONS. GENE SET ENRICHMENT ANALYSIS WAS APPLIED TO CONSIDER BIOLOGICAL PATHWAYS. WE FOUND DECREASED DNA METHYLATION IN TDC GROUP WHILE THE CHRONIC CASES OF AD PRESENTED HYPERMETHYLATION IN CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM DEVELOPMENT PATHWAYS. MOREOVER, WE SHOWED THAT THIS PERSISTENT GROUP ALSO PRESENTED HYPERMETHYLATION WHILE THE OTHER THREE GROUPS WERE ASSOCIATED WITH HYPOMETHYLATION IN NERVOUS SYSTEM DEVELOPMENT PATHWAY. INCIDENCE AND REMISSION GROUPS WERE ASSOCIATED WITH INCREASED AND DECREASED METHYLATION IN NEURON DEVELOPMENT PATHWAYS, RESPECTIVELY. LARGER STUDIES ARE LIKELY TO DETECT SPECIFIC GENES RELEVANT TO AD.	2018	
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                         
14 1345  24 DETECTION OF DIFFERENTIALLY METHYLATED REGIONS USING BAYES FACTOR FOR ORDINAL GROUP RESPONSES. RESEARCHERS IN GENOMICS ARE INCREASINGLY INTERESTED IN EPIGENETIC FACTORS SUCH AS DNA METHYLATION, BECAUSE THEY PLAY AN IMPORTANT ROLE IN REGULATING GENE EXPRESSION WITHOUT CHANGES IN THE DNA SEQUENCE. THERE HAVE BEEN SIGNIFICANT ADVANCES IN DEVELOPING STATISTICAL METHODS TO DETECT DIFFERENTIALLY METHYLATED REGIONS (DMRS) ASSOCIATED WITH BINARY DISEASE STATUS. MOST OF THESE METHODS ARE BEING DEVELOPED FOR DETECTING DIFFERENTIAL METHYLATION RATES BETWEEN CASES AND CONTROLS. WE CONSIDER MULTIPLE SEVERITY LEVELS OF DISEASE, AND DEVELOP A BAYESIAN STATISTICAL METHOD TO DETECT THE REGION WITH INCREASING (OR DECREASING) METHYLATION RATES AS THE DISEASE SEVERITY INCREASES. PATIENTS ARE CLASSIFIED INTO MORE THAN TWO GROUPS, BASED ON THE DISEASE SEVERITY (E.G., STAGES OF CANCER), AND DMRS ARE DETECTED BY USING MOVING WINDOWS ALONG THE GENOME. WITHIN EACH WINDOW, THE BAYES FACTOR IS CALCULATED TO TEST THE HYPOTHESIS OF MONOTONIC INCREASE IN METHYLATION RATES CORRESPONDING TO SEVERITY OF THE DISEASE VERSUS NO DIFFERENCE. A MIXED-EFFECT MODEL IS USED TO INCORPORATE THE CORRELATION OF METHYLATION RATES OF NEARBY CPG SITES IN THE REGION. RESULTS FROM EXTENSIVE SIMULATION INDICATE THAT OUR PROPOSED METHOD IS STATISTICALLY VALID AND REASONABLY POWERFUL. WE DEMONSTRATE OUR APPROACH ON A BISULFITE SEQUENCING DATASET FROM A CHRONIC LYMPHOCYTIC LEUKEMIA (CLL) STUDY.	2019	
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       
15 1528  31 DNA METHYLATION CHANGES IN REGIONAL LUNG MACROPHAGES ARE ASSOCIATED WITH METABOLIC DIFFERENCES. A NUMBER OF PULMONARY DISEASES OCCUR WITH UPPER LOBE PREDOMINANCE, INCLUDING CYSTIC FIBROSIS AND SMOKING-RELATED CHRONIC OBSTRUCTIVE PULMONARY DISEASE. IN THE HEALTHY LUNG, SEVERAL PHYSIOLOGIC AND METABOLIC FACTORS EXHIBIT DISPARITY WHEN COMPARING THE UPPER LOBE OF THE LUNG TO LOWER LOBE, INCLUDING DIFFERENCES IN OXYGENATION, VENTILATION, LYMPHATIC FLOW, PH, AND BLOOD FLOW. IN THIS STUDY, WE ASKED WHETHER THESE REGIONAL DIFFERENCES IN THE LUNG ARE ASSOCIATED WITH DNA METHYLATION CHANGES IN LUNG MACROPHAGES THAT COULD POTENTIALLY LEAD TO ALTERED CELL RESPONSIVENESS UPON SUBSEQUENT ENVIRONMENTAL CHALLENGE. ALL ANALYSES WERE PERFORMED USING PRIMARY LUNG MACROPHAGES COLLECTED VIA BRONCHOALVEOLAR LAVAGE FROM HEALTHY HUMAN SUBJECTS WITH NORMAL PULMONARY FUNCTION. EPIGENOME-WIDE DNA METHYLATION WAS EXAMINED VIA INFINIUM METHYLATIONEPIC (850K) ARRAY AND VALIDATED BY TARGETED NEXT-GENERATION BISULFITE SEQUENCING. WE OBSERVED 95 CPG LOCI WITH SIGNIFICANT DIFFERENTIAL METHYLATION IN LUNG MACROPHAGES, COMPARING UPPER LOBE TO LOWER LOBE (ALL FALSE DISCOVERY RATE < 0.05). SEVERAL OF THESE GENES, INCLUDING CLIP4, HSH2D, NR4A1, SNX10, AND TYK2, HAVE BEEN IMPLICATED AS PARTICIPANTS IN INFLAMMATORY/IMMUNE-RELATED BIOLOGICAL PROCESSES. FUNCTIONALLY, WE IDENTIFIED PHENOTYPIC DIFFERENCES IN OXYGEN USE, COMPARING UPPER VERSUS LOWER LUNG MACROPHAGES. OUR RESULTS SUPPORT A HYPOTHESIS THAT EPIGENETIC CHANGES, SPECIFICALLY DNA METHYLATION, AT A MULTITUDE OF GENE LOCI IN LUNG MACROPHAGES ARE ASSOCIATED WITH METABOLIC DIFFERENCES REGIONALLY IN LUNG.	2019	
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                   
16 2622  30 EPIGENOME-WIDE ASSOCIATION STUDIES IN ASTHMA: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW. OBJECTIVE: ASTHMA IS A COMMON CHRONIC RESPIRATORY AIRWAY DISEASE INFLUENCED BY ENVIRONMENTAL FACTORS AND POSSIBLY THEIR INTERACTION WITH THE HUMAN GENOME CAUSING EPIGENETIC CHANGES. EPIGENOME-WIDE ASSOCIATION STUDIES (EWAS) HAVE MAINLY INVESTIGATED DNA METHYLATION AND ITS ASSOCIATION WITH DISEASE OR TRAITS, EXPOSURE FACTORS OR GENE EXPRESSION. THIS SYSTEMATIC REVIEW AIMED TO IDENTIFY ALL EWAS ASSESSING DIFFERENTIALLY METHYLATED SITES ASSOCIATED WITH ASTHMA IN HUMANS. DESIGN: STRUCTURED SYSTEMATIC LITERATURE SEARCH FOLLOWING PRISMA GUIDELINES, NEWCASTLE-OTTAWA SCALE (NOS) FOR COHORT STUDIES WAS USED FOR BIAS ASSESSMENT. DATA SOURCES: WE SEARCHED PUBMED AND EMBASE DATABASES FROM 2005 TO 2019. ELIGIBILITY CRITERIA: EPIGENOME-WIDE ASSOCIATION STUDIES TESTING ASSOCIATION BETWEEN DIFFERENTIAL METHYLATION AND ASTHMA IN HUMANS. RESULTS: OVERALL, WE IDENTIFIED 16 EWAS STUDIES COMPLYING WITH OUR SEARCH CRITERIA. TWELVE STUDIES WERE CONDUCTED ON CHILDREN, AND 10 WERE CONDUCTED ON SAMPLE SIZES <150 SUBJECTS. FOUR HUNDRED AND NINETEEN CPGS WERE REPORTED IN CHILDREN STUDIES AFTER CORRECTION FOR MULTIPLE TESTING. IN THE ADULT STUDIES, THOUSANDS OF DIFFERENTIALLY METHYLATED SITES WERE IDENTIFIED. DIFFERENTIAL METHYLATION IN INFLAMMATORY-RELATED GENES CORRELATED WITH HIGHER LEVELS OF GENE EXPRESSIONS OF INFLAMMATORY MODULATORS IN ASTHMA. DIFFERENTIALLY METHYLATED GENES ASSOCIATED WITH ASTHMA INCLUDED SMAD3, SERPINC1, PROK1, IL13, RUNX3 AND TIGIT. FORTY-ONE CPGS WERE REPLICATED AT LEAST ONCE IN BLOOD SAMPLES, AND 28 CPGS WERE REPLICATED IN NASAL SAMPLES. CONCLUSION: ALTHOUGH MANY DIFFERENTIALLY METHYLATED CPGS IN GENES KNOWN TO BE INVOLVED IN ASTHMA HAVE BEEN IDENTIFIED IN EWAS TO DATE, WE CONCLUDE THAT FURTHER STUDIES OF LARGER SAMPLE SIZES AND ANALYSES OF DIFFERENTIAL METHYLATION BETWEEN DIFFERENT PHENOTYPES ARE NEEDED IN ORDER TO COMPREHENSIVELY EVALUATE THE ROLE OF EPIGENETIC FACTORS IN THE PATHOPHYSIOLOGY AND HETEROGENEITY OF ASTHMA, AND THE POTENTIAL CLINICAL UTILITY TO PREDICT OR CLASSIFY PATIENTS WITH ASTHMA.	2019	
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                         
17 6027  20 THE BLOOD DNA METHYLATION CLOCK GRIMAGE IS A ROBUST SURROGATE FOR AIRWAY EPITHELIA AGING. ONE KEY FEATURE OF CHRONIC OBSTRUCTIVE PULMONARY DISEASE (COPD) IS THAT ITS PREVALENCE INCREASES EXPONENTIALLY WITH AGE. DNA METHYLATION CLOCKS HAVE BECOME POWERFUL BIOMARKERS TO DETECT ACCELERATED AGING IN A VARIETY OF DISEASES AND CAN HELP PROGNOSE OUTCOMES IN SEVERE COPD. THIS STUDY INVESTIGATED WHICH DNA METHYLATION CLOCK COULD BEST REFLECT AIRWAY EPIGENETIC AGE WHEN USED IN MORE ACCESSIBLE BLOOD SAMPLES. OUR ANALYSES SHOWED THAT OUT OF SIX DNA METHYLATION CLOCKS INVESTIGATED, DNAMGRIMAGE DEMONSTRATED THE STRONGEST CORRELATION AND THE SMALLEST DIFFERENCE BETWEEN THE AIRWAY EPITHELIUM AND BLOOD. OUR FINDINGS SUGGESTS THAT BLOOD DNAMGRIMAGE ACCURATELY REFLECTS AIRWAY EPIGENETIC AGE OF INDIVIDUALS AND THAT ITS ELEVATION IS HIGHLY ASSOCIATED WITH COPD.	2022	
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          
18  287  21 AGING AND CHRONIC SUN EXPOSURE CAUSE DISTINCT EPIGENETIC CHANGES IN HUMAN SKIN. EPIGENETIC CHANGES ARE WIDELY CONSIDERED TO PLAY AN IMPORTANT ROLE IN AGING, BUT EXPERIMENTAL EVIDENCE TO SUPPORT THIS HYPOTHESIS HAS BEEN SCARCE. WE HAVE USED ARRAY-BASED ANALYSIS TO DETERMINE GENOME-SCALE DNA METHYLATION PATTERNS FROM HUMAN SKIN SAMPLES AND TO INVESTIGATE THE EFFECTS OF AGING, CHRONIC SUN EXPOSURE, AND TISSUE VARIATION. OUR RESULTS REVEAL A HIGH DEGREE OF TISSUE SPECIFICITY IN THE METHYLATION PATTERNS AND ALSO SHOWED VERY LITTLE INTERINDIVIDUAL VARIATION WITHIN TISSUES. DATA STRATIFICATION BY AGE REVEALED THAT DNA FROM OLDER INDIVIDUALS WAS CHARACTERIZED BY A SPECIFIC HYPERMETHYLATION PATTERN AFFECTING LESS THAN 1% OF THE MARKERS ANALYZED. INTERESTINGLY, STRATIFICATION BY SUN EXPOSURE PRODUCED A FUNDAMENTALLY DIFFERENT PATTERN WITH A SIGNIFICANT TREND TOWARDS HYPOMETHYLATION. OUR RESULTS THUS IDENTIFY DEFINED AGE-RELATED DNA METHYLATION CHANGES AND SUGGEST THAT THESE ALTERATIONS MIGHT CONTRIBUTE TO THE PHENOTYPIC CHANGES ASSOCIATED WITH SKIN AGING.	2010	
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                         
19 1408  33 DIETARY INTAKE IS ASSOCIATED WITH RESPIRATORY HEALTH OUTCOMES AND DNA METHYLATION IN CHILDREN WITH ASTHMA. BACKGROUND: ASTHMA IS AN INCREASINGLY COMMON CHRONIC DISEASE AMONG CHILDREN, AND DATA POINT TOWARD A COMPLEX MECHANISM INVOLVING GENETIC, ENVIRONMENTAL AND EPIGENETIC FACTORS. EPIGENETIC MODIFICATIONS SUCH AS DNA HYPO- OR HYPER-METHYLATION HAVE BEEN SHOWN TO OCCUR IN RESPONSE TO ENVIRONMENTAL EXPOSURES INCLUDING DIETARY NUTRIENTS. METHODS: WITHIN THE CONTEXT OF THE ASTHMA RANDOMIZED TRIAL OF INDOOR WOOD SMOKE (ARTIS) STUDY, WE INVESTIGATED RELATIONSHIPS BETWEEN DIET, ASTHMA HEALTH MEASURES, AND DNA METHYLATION. ASTHMA HEALTH MEASURES INCLUDED A QUALITY OF LIFE INSTRUMENT, DIURNAL PEAK FLOW VARIABILITY (DPFV) AND FORCED EXPIRATORY VOLUME IN THE FIRST SECOND (FEV(1)). DIETARY INTAKE WAS ASSESSED WITH A FOOD FREQUENCY QUESTIONNAIRE. METHYLATION LEVELS OF LINE-1 REPETITIVE ELEMENT AND TWO PROMOTER CPG SITES FOR INTERFERON GAMMA (IFNGAMMA, -186 AND -54) FROM BUCCAL CELL DNA WERE MEASURED USING PYROSEQUENCING ASSAYS. RESULTS: DATA WERE COLLECTED ON 32 CHILDREN WITH ASTHMA LIVING IN WESTERN MONTANA WHO WERE RECRUITED TO THE ARTIS STUDY. SELENIUM AND SEVERAL METHYL DONOR DIETARY NUTRIENTS WERE POSITIVELY ASSOCIATED WITH THE ASTHMA QUALITY OF LIFE MEASURE. INTAKE OF METHYL DONATING NUTRIENTS INCLUDING FOLATE WAS POSITIVELY ASSOCIATED LINE-1 METHYLATION AND NEGATIVELY ASSOCIATED WITH IFNGAMMA CPG-186. HIGHER LEVELS OF LINE-1 METHYLATION WERE ASSOCIATED WITH GREATER DPFV. CONCLUSION: WE IDENTIFIED SEVERAL NUTRIENTS THAT WERE ASSOCIATED WITH IMPROVED QUALITY OF LIFE MEASURES AMONG CHILDREN WITH ASTHMA. THE IFNGAMMA PROMOTER CPG SITE -186 BUT NOT -54 WAS ASSOCIATED WITH THE INTAKE OF SELECTED DIETARY NUTRIENTS. HOWEVER, IN THIS SMALL POPULATION OF CHILDREN WITH ASTHMA, THE IFNGAMMA PROMOTER CPG SITES WERE NOT ASSOCIATED WITH RESPIRATORY HEALTH MEASURES SO IT REMAINS UNCLEAR THROUGH WHICH EPIGENETIC MECHANISM THESE NUTRIENTS ARE IMPACTING THE QUALITY OF LIFE MEASURE. THESE FINDINGS ADD TO THE EVIDENCE THAT DIETARY NUTRIENTS, PARTICULARLY FOODS CONTAINING METHYL DONORS, MAY BE IMPORTANT FOR EPIGENETIC REGULATION AS IT PERTAINS TO THE CONTROL OF ASTHMA. TRIAL REGISTRATION CLINCIALTRIALS.GOV NCT00807183. REGISTERED 10 DECEMBER 2008.	2017	
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          
20 5741  27 SMOKING INDUCES DNA METHYLATION CHANGES IN MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS PATIENTS WITH EXPOSURE-RESPONSE RELATIONSHIP. CIGARETTE SMOKING IS AN ESTABLISHED ENVIRONMENTAL RISK FACTOR FOR MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS (MS), A CHRONIC INFLAMMATORY AND NEURODEGENERATIVE DISEASE, ALTHOUGH A MECHANISTIC BASIS REMAINS LARGELY UNKNOWN. WE AIMED AT INVESTIGATING HOW SMOKING AFFECTS BLOOD DNA METHYLATION IN MS PATIENTS, BY ASSAYING GENOME-WIDE DNA METHYLATION AND COMPARING SMOKERS, FORMER SMOKERS AND NEVER SMOKERS IN TWO SWEDISH COHORTS, DIFFERING FOR KNOWN MS RISK FACTORS. SMOKING AFFECTS DNA METHYLATION GENOME-WIDE SIGNIFICANTLY, AN EXPOSURE-RESPONSE RELATIONSHIP EXISTS AND THE TIME SINCE SMOKING CESSATION AFFECTS METHYLATION LEVELS. THE RESULTS ALSO SHOW THAT THE CHANGES WERE LARGER IN THE COHORT BEARING THE MAJOR GENETIC RISK FACTORS FOR MS (FEMALE SEX AND HLA RISK HAPLOTYPES). FURTHERMORE, CPG SITES MAPPING TO GENES WITH KNOWN GENETIC OR FUNCTIONAL ROLE IN THE DISEASE ARE DIFFERENTIALLY METHYLATED BY SMOKING. MODELING OF THE METHYLATION LEVELS FOR A CPG SITE IN THE AHRR GENE INDICATES THAT MS MODIFIES THE EFFECT OF SMOKING ON METHYLATION CHANGES, BY SIGNIFICANTLY INTERACTING WITH THE EFFECT OF SMOKING LOAD. ALONGSIDE, WE REPORT THAT THE GENE EXPRESSION OF AHRR INCREASED IN MS PATIENTS AFTER SMOKING. OUR RESULTS SUGGEST THAT EPIGENETIC MODIFICATIONS MAY REVEAL THE LINK BETWEEN A MODIFIABLE RISK FACTOR AND THE PATHOGENETIC MECHANISMS.	2017