1 3505 141 IDENTIFICATION OF SEX-SPECIFIC DNA METHYLATION CHANGES DRIVEN BY SPECIFIC CHEMICALS IN CORD BLOOD IN A FAROESE BIRTH COHORT. FAROE ISLANDERS CONSUME MARINE FOODS CONTAMINATED WITH METHYLMERCURY (MEHG), POLYCHLORINATED BIPHENYLS (PCBS), AND OTHER TOXICANTS ASSOCIATED WITH CHRONIC DISEASE RISKS. DIFFERENTIAL DNA METHYLATION AT SPECIFIC CPG SITES IN CORD BLOOD MAY SERVE AS A SURROGATE BIOMARKER OF HEALTH IMPACTS FROM CHEMICAL EXPOSURES. WE AIMED TO IDENTIFY KEY ENVIRONMENTAL CHEMICALS IN CORD BLOOD ASSOCIATED WITH DNA METHYLATION CHANGES IN A POPULATION WITH ELEVATED EXPOSURE TO CHEMICAL MIXTURES. WE STUDIED 72 PARTICIPANTS OF A FAROESE BIRTH COHORT RECRUITED BETWEEN 1986 AND 1987 AND FOLLOWED UNTIL ADULTHOOD. THE CORD BLOOD DNA METHYLOME WAS PROFILED USING INFINIUM HUMANMETHYLATION450 BEADCHIPS. WE DETERMINED THE ASSOCIATIONS OF CPG SITE CHANGES WITH CONCENTRATIONS OF MEHG, MAJOR PCBS, OTHER ORGANOCHLORINE COMPOUNDS [HEXACHLOROBENZENE (HCB), P,P'-DICHLORODIPHENYLDICHLOROETHYLENE (P,P'-DDE) AND P,P'-DICHLORODIPHENYLTRICHLOROETHANE], AND PERFLUOROALKYL SUBSTANCES. IN A COMBINED SEX ANALYSIS, AMONG THE 16 CHEMICALS STUDIED, PCB CONGENER 105 (CB-105) EXPOSURE WAS ASSOCIATED WITH THE MAJORITY OF DIFFERENTIALLY METHYLATED CPG SITES (214 OUT OF A TOTAL OF 250). IN FEMALE-ONLY ANALYSIS, ONLY 73 CB-105 ASSOCIATED CPG SITES WERE DETECTED, 44 OF WHICH WERE MAPPED TO GENES IN THE ELAV1-ASSOCIATED CANCER NETWORK. IN MALES-ONLY, METHYLATION CHANGES WERE SEEN FOR PERFLUOROOCTANE SULFONATE, HCB, AND P,P'-DDE IN 10,598, 1,238, AND 1,473 CPG SITES, RESPECTIVELY, 15% OF WHICH WERE ENRICHED IN CYTOBANDS OF THE X-CHROMOSOME ASSOCIATED WITH NEUROLOGICAL DISORDERS. IN THIS MULTIPLE-POLLUTANT AND GENOME-WIDE STUDY, WE IDENTIFIED KEY EPIGENETIC TOXICANTS. THE SIGNIFICANT ENRICHMENT OF SPECIFIC X-CHROMOSOME SITES IN MALES IMPLIES POTENTIAL SEX-SPECIFIC EPIGENOME RESPONSES TO PRENATAL CHEMICAL EXPOSURES. 2018 2 2626 36 EPIGENOME-WIDE ASSOCIATION STUDY IDENTIFIES DNA METHYLATION MARKERS FOR ASTHMA REMISSION IN WHOLE BLOOD AND NASAL EPITHELIUM. BACKGROUND: ASTHMA IS A CHRONIC RESPIRATORY DISEASE WHICH IS NOT CURABLE, YET SOME PATIENTS EXPERIENCE SPONTANEOUS REMISSION. WE HYPOTHESIZED THAT EPIGENETIC MECHANISMS MAY BE INVOLVED IN ASTHMA REMISSION. METHODS: CLINICAL REMISSION (CLINR) WAS DEFINED AS THE ABSENCE OF ASTHMA SYMPTOMS AND MEDICATION FOR AT LEAST 12 MONTHS, AND COMPLETE REMISSION (COMR) WAS DEFINED AS CLINR WITH NORMAL LUNG FUNCTION AND ABSENCE OF AIRWAY HYPERRESPONSIVENESS. WE ANALYZED DIFFERENTIAL DNA METHYLATION OF CLINR AND COMR COMPARING TO PERSISTENT ASTHMA (PERSA) IN WHOLE BLOOD SAMPLES (N = 72) AND NASAL BRUSHING SAMPLES (N = 97) IN A LONGITUDINAL COHORT OF WELL CHARACTERIZED ASTHMA PATIENTS. SIGNIFICANT FINDINGS OF WHOLE BLOOD DNA METHYLATION WERE TESTED FOR REPLICATION IN TWO INDEPENDENT COHORTS, LIFELINES AND EPIDEMIOLOGICAL STUDY ON THE GENETICS AND ENVIRONMENT OF ASTHMA (EGEA). RESULTS: WE IDENTIFIED DIFFERENTIALLY METHYLATED CPG SITES ASSOCIATED WITH CLINR (7 CPG SITES) AND COMR (129 CPG SITES) IN WHOLE BLOOD. ONE CPG (CG13378519, CHR1) ASSOCIATED WITH CLINR WAS REPLICATED AND ANNOTATED TO PEX11 (PEROXISOMAL BIOGENESIS FACTOR 11 BETA). THE WHOLE BLOOD DNA METHYLATION LEVELS OF THIS CPG WERE ALSO DIFFERENT BETWEEN CLINR AND HEALTHY SUBJECTS. ONE COMR-ASSOCIATED CPG (CG24788483, CHR10) THAT ANNOTATED TO TCF7L2 (TRANSCRIPTION FACTOR 7 LIKE 2) WAS REPLICATED AND ASSOCIATED WITH EXPRESSION OF TCF7L2 GENE. ONE OUT OF SEVEN CLINR-ASSOCIATED CPG SITES AND 8 OUT OF 129 COMR-ASSOCIATED CPG SITES IDENTIFIED FROM WHOLE BLOOD SAMPLES SHOWED NOMINAL SIGNIFICANCE (P < 0.05) AND THE SAME DIRECTION OF EFFECT IN NASAL BRUSHES. CONCLUSION: WE IDENTIFIED DNA METHYLATION MARKERS POSSIBLY ASSOCIATED WITH CLINICAL AND COMPLETE ASTHMA REMISSION IN NASAL BRUSHES AND WHOLE BLOOD, AND TWO CPG SITES IDENTIFIED FROM WHOLE BLOOD CAN BE REPLICATED IN INDEPENDENT COHORTS AND MAY PLAY A ROLE IN PEROXISOME PROLIFERATION AND WNT SIGNALING PATHWAY. 2020 3 508 36 ASSOCIATION OF LOW-DOSE EXPOSURE TO PERSISTENT ORGANIC POLLUTANTS WITH E-CADHERIN PROMOTER METHYLATION IN HEALTHY KOREANS. BACKGROUND: PERSISTENT ORGANIC POLLUTANTS (POPS), DESPITE THEIR CONSIDERABLY LOW LEVELS IN HUMANS, ARE AN INCREASING CONCERN FOR THE GENERAL POPULATIONS GIVEN THEIR VARIOUS ADVERSE HEALTH PROBLEMS, INCLUDING METABOLIC AND CARCINOGENIC EFFECTS. DNA METHYLATION DEREGULATION IS THOUGHT TO BE A KEY MECHANISM IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF HUMAN CHRONIC DISEASES INCLUDING CANCER. METHODS: IN AN ATTEMPT TO IDENTIFY BIOMARKERS MONITORING LOW-DOSE EXPOSURE AND HAZARD, WE EXPLORED WHETHER ORGANOCHLORINE PESTICIDES (OCPS) AND POLYCHLORINATED BIPHENYLS (PCBS) MAY INFLUENCE THE METHYLATION OF TUMOUR SUPPRESSOR GENE E-CADHERIN (CDH1) USING PERIPHERAL BLOOD CELLS FROM 364 HEALTHY KOREAN SUBJECTS. RESULTS: CDH1 METHYLATION WAS OBSERVED IN 78.3% OF STUDY SUBJECTS. SERUM CONCENTRATIONS OF OCPS OR PCBS COMPOUNDS WERE HIGHER IN CDH1 METHYLATION-POSITIVE SUBJECTS THAN IN METHYLATION-NEGATIVE ONES. AFTER ADJUSTING FOR VARIOUS COVARIATES, THE ODDS RATIO OF CDH1 METHYLATION OF THE SUMMARY MEASURE OF PCBS WERE 1.0, 2.5 (95% CONFIDENCE INTERVAL: 1.2-5.3), 3.6 (1.6-8.1), 3.6 (1.4-8.6), AND 2.5 (1.1-5.7) ACROSS QUINTILES OF PCBS (P(TREND) = 0.01). THE VALUES OF OCPS WERE 1.0, 0.9, 1.2, 2.4 (1.0-5.9), AND 1.7 (P(TREND) = 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: IN THIS EXPLORATORY STUDY WITH A SMALL SAMPLE, CDH1 METHYLATION MIGHT BE SERVED AS THE EPIGENETIC BIOMARKER ASSOCIATED WITH POPS EXPOSURE AND ADVERSE HEALTH EFFECT. 2018 4 1187 39 COPD GWAS VARIANT AT 19Q13.2 IN RELATION WITH DNA METHYLATION AND GENE EXPRESSION. CHRONIC OBSTRUCTIVE PULMONARY DISEASE (COPD) IS AMONG THE MAJOR HEALTH BURDENS IN ADULTS. WHILE CIGARETTE SMOKING IS THE LEADING RISK FACTOR, A GROWING NUMBER OF GENETIC VARIATIONS HAVE BEEN DISCOVERED TO INFLUENCE DISEASE SUSCEPTIBILITY. EPIGENETIC MODIFICATIONS MAY MEDIATE THE RESPONSE OF THE GENOME TO SMOKING AND REGULATE GENE EXPRESSION. CHROMOSOME 19Q13.2 REGION IS ASSOCIATED WITH BOTH SMOKING AND COPD, YET ITS FUNCTIONAL ROLE IS UNCLEAR. OUR STUDY AIMED TO DETERMINE WHETHER RS7937 (RAB4B, EGLN2), A TOP GENETIC VARIANT IN 19Q13.2 REGION IDENTIFIED IN GENOME-WIDE ASSOCIATION STUDIES OF COPD, IS ASSOCIATED WITH DIFFERENTIAL DNA METHYLATION IN BLOOD (N = 1490) AND GENE EXPRESSION IN BLOOD (N = 721) AND LUNGS (N = 1087). WE COMBINED GENETIC AND EPIGENETIC DATA FROM THE ROTTERDAM STUDY (RS) TO PERFORM THE EPIGENOME-WIDE ASSOCIATION ANALYSIS OF RS7937. FURTHER, WE USED GENETIC AND TRANSCRIPTOMIC DATA FROM BLOOD (RS) AND FROM LUNG TISSUE (LUNG EXPRESSION QUANTITATIVE TRAIT LOCI MAPPING STUDY), TO PERFORM THE TRANSCRIPTOME-WIDE ASSOCIATION STUDY OF RS7937. RS7937 WAS SIGNIFICANTLY (FDR < 0.05) AND CONSISTENTLY ASSOCIATED WITH DIFFERENTIAL DNA METHYLATION IN BLOOD AT 4 CPG SITES IN CIS, INDEPENDENT OF SMOKING. ONE METHYLATION SITE (CG11298343-EGLN2) WAS ALSO ASSOCIATED WITH COPD (P = 0.001). ADDITIONALLY, RS7937 WAS ASSOCIATED WITH GENE EXPRESSION LEVELS IN BLOOD IN CIS (EGLN2), 42% MEDIATED THROUGH CG11298343, AND IN LUNG TISSUE, IN CIS AND TRANS (NUMBL, EGLN2, DNMT3A, LOC101929709 AND PAK2). OUR RESULTS SUGGEST THAT CHANGES OF DNA METHYLATION AND GENE EXPRESSION MAY BE INTERMEDIATE STEPS BETWEEN GENETIC VARIANTS AND COPD, BUT FURTHER CAUSAL STUDIES IN LUNG TISSUE SHOULD CONFIRM THIS HYPOTHESIS. 2018 5 3907 26 LEUCOCYTIC DNA METHYLATION OF INTERLEUKIN-6 PROMOTER REDUCTION IN PRE-HYPERTENSIVE YOUNG ADULTS. BACKGROUND: PRE-HYPERTENSION IS ASSOCIATED WITH INCREASED RISK OF CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE. CHRONIC INFLAMMATION PLAYS AN IMPORTANT ROLE IN THE PATHOPHYSIOLOGY OF ESSENTIAL HYPERTENSION, WITH EPIGENETIC DYSREGULATION INVOLVEMENT. NEVERTHELESS, THE ROLE OF DNA METHYLATION IN PREHYPERTENSIVE STATE IS UNKNOWN. THE AIM OF THIS STUDY WAS TO INVESTIGATE THE ASSOCIATION BETWEEN DNA METHYLATION LEVEL OF INTERLEUKIN-6 (IL-6) PROMOTER IN PRE-HYPERTENSIVE (PREHT) AND NORMOTENSIVE (NT) YOUNG ADULTS. METHODS: A TOTAL OF 80 NT AND 80 PREHT HEALTHY SUBJECTS AGED BETWEEN 18-45 YEARS WERE RECRUITED IN KUANTAN, PAHANG, MALAYSIA USING AN OBSERVATIONAL CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY APPROACH. DNA METHYLATION LEVEL OF IL-6 PROMOTER IN PERIPHERAL LEUKOCYTES WERE MEASURED USING BISULPHITE CONVERSION AND METHYLIGHT ASSAY. RESULTS: THERE WAS NO SIGNIFICANT DIFFERENCE IN AGE BETWEEN NT AND PREHT (P = 0.655). THE MEAN BLOOD PRESSURE WAS 110(8)/73(5) MMHG IN NT AND 125(7)/82(5) MMHG IN PREHT SUBJECTS. THE IL-6 PROMOTER METHYLATION LEVEL WAS SIGNIFICANTLY LOWER IN PREHT COMPARED TO NT SUBJECTS (P < 0.001). CONCLUSION: THE CURRENT STUDY DEMONSTRATES THAT HYPOMETHYLATION OF IL-6 PROMOTER WAS ASSOCIATED WITH PRE-HYPERTENSION IN YOUNG ADULTS. THUS, IL-6 METHYLATION COULD BE USED AS AN EARLY INDICATOR FOR PREDICTING HYPERTENSION AND RELATED RISK OF CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASES IN PREHYPERTENSIVE SUBJECTS. GENE EXPRESSION AND LONGITUDINAL STUDIES ARE WARRANTED TO EXAMINE THE METHYLATION EFFECT ON IL-6 EXPRESSION OVER TIME. 2019 6 4740 32 NOVEL GENETIC VARIANTS ASSOCIATED WITH CHRONIC KIDNEY DISEASE PROGRESSION. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT: EGFR SLOPE HAS BEEN USED AS A SURROGATE OUTCOME FOR PROGRESSION OF CKD. HOWEVER, GENETIC MARKERS ASSOCIATED WITH EGFR SLOPE AMONG PATIENTS WITH CKD WERE UNKNOWN. WE AIMED TO IDENTIFY GENETIC SUSCEPTIBILITY LOCI ASSOCIATED WITH EGFR SLOPE. A TWO-PHASE GENOME-WIDE ASSOCIATION STUDY IDENTIFIED SINGLE NUCLEOTIDE POLYMORPHISMS (SNPS) IN TPPP AND FAT1-LINC02374 , AND 22 OF THEM WERE USED TO DERIVE POLYGENIC RISK SCORES THAT MARK THE DECLINE OF EGFR BY DISRUPTING BINDING OF NEARBY TRANSCRIPTION FACTORS. THIS WORK IS THE FIRST TO IDENTIFY THE IMPACT OF TPPP AND FAT1-LINC02374 ON CKD PROGRESSION, PROVIDING PREDICTIVE MARKERS FOR THE DECLINE OF EGFR IN PATIENTS WITH CKD. BACKGROUND: THE INCIDENCE OF CKD IS ASSOCIATED WITH GENETIC FACTORS. HOWEVER, GENETIC MARKERS ASSOCIATED WITH THE PROGRESSION OF CKD HAVE NOT BEEN FULLY ELUCIDATED. METHODS: WE CONDUCTED A GENOME-WIDE ASSOCIATION STUDY AMONG 1738 PATIENTS WITH CKD, MAINLY FROM THE KOREAN COHORT STUDY FOR OUTCOMES IN PATIENTS WITH CKD. THE OUTCOME WAS EGFR SLOPE. WE PERFORMED A REPLICATION STUDY FOR DISCOVERED SINGLE NUCLEOTIDE POLYMORPHISMS (SNPS) WITH P <10 -6 IN 2498 PATIENTS WITH CKD FROM THE CHRONIC RENAL INSUFFICIENCY COHORT STUDY. SEVERAL EXPRESSION QUANTITATIVE TRAIT LOCI (EQTL) STUDIES, PATHWAY ENRICHMENT ANALYSES, EXPLORATION OF EPIGENETIC ARCHITECTURE, AND PREDICTING DISRUPTION OF TRANSCRIPTION FACTOR (TF) BINDING SITES EXPLORED POTENTIAL BIOLOGICAL IMPLICATIONS OF THE LOCI. WE DEVELOPED AND EVALUATED THE EFFECT OF POLYGENIC RISK SCORES (PRS) ON INCIDENT CKD OUTCOMES. RESULTS: SNPS IN TWO NOVEL LOCI, TPPP AND FAT1-LINC02374 , WERE REPLICATED (RS59402340 IN TPPP , PDISCOVERY =7.11X10 -7 , PCRIC =8.13X10 -4 , PMETA =7.23X10 -8 ; RS28629773 IN FAT1-LINC02374 , PDISCOVERY =6.08X10 -7 , PCRIC =4.33X10 -2 , PMETA =1.87X10 -7 ). THE EQTL STUDIES REVEALED THAT THE REPLICATED SNPS REGULATED THE EXPRESSION LEVEL OF NEARBY GENES ASSOCIATED WITH KIDNEY FUNCTION. FURTHERMORE, THESE SNPS WERE NEAR GENE ENHANCER REGIONS AND PREDICTED TO DISRUPT THE BINDING OF TFS. PRS BASED ON THE INDEPENDENTLY SIGNIFICANT TOP 22 SNPS WERE SIGNIFICANTLY ASSOCIATED WITH CKD OUTCOMES. CONCLUSIONS: THIS STUDY DEMONSTRATES THAT SNP MARKERS IN THE TPPP AND FAT1-LINC02374 LOCI COULD BE PREDICTIVE MARKERS FOR THE DECLINE OF EGFR IN PATIENTS WITH CKD. 2023 7 154 22 ABERRANT METHYLATION OF NUCLEOTIDE EXCISION REPAIR GENES IS ASSOCIATED WITH CHRONIC ARSENIC POISONING. OBJECTIVE: TO DEFINE WHETHER ABERRANT METHYLATION OF DNA REPAIR GENES IS ASSOCIATED WITH CHRONIC ARSENIC POISONING. METHODS: HUNDRED AND TWO ENDEMIC ARSENICOSIS PATIENTS AND 36 HEALTHY SUBJECTS WERE RECRUITED. METHYLIGHT AND BISULFITE SEQUENCING (BSP) ASSAYS WERE USED TO EXAMINE THE METHYLATION STATUS OF ERCC1, ERCC2 AND XPC GENES IN PERIPHERAL BLOOD LYMPHOCYTES (PBLS) AND SKIN LESIONS OF ARSENICOSIS PATIENTS AND NAASO(2)-TREATED HACAT CELLS. RESULTS: HYPERMETHYLATION OF ERCC1 AND ERCC2 AND SUPPRESSED GENE EXPRESSION WERE FOUND IN PBLS AND SKIN LESIONS OF ARSENICOSIS PATIENTS AND WAS CORRELATED WITH THE LEVEL OF ARSENIC EXPOSURE. PARTICULARLY, THE EXPRESSION OF ERCC1 AND ERCC2 WAS ASSOCIATED WITH THE SEVERITY OF SKIN LESIONS. IN VITRO STUDIES REVEALED AN INDUCTION OF ERCC2 HYPERMETHYLATION AND DECREASED MRNA EXPRESSION IN RESPONSE TO NAASO(2) TREATMENT. CONCLUSION: HYPERMETHYLATION OF ERCC1 AND ERCC2 AND CONCOMITANT SUPPRESSION OF GENE EXPRESSION MIGHT BE SERVED AS THE EPIGENETIC MARKS ASSOCIATED WITH ARSENIC EXPOSURE AND ADVERSE HEALTH EFFECTS. 2017 8 5092 31 PLACENTAL EPIGENETIC MARKS RELATED TO GESTATIONAL WEIGHT GAIN REVEAL POTENTIAL GENES ASSOCIATED WITH OFFSPRING OBESITY PARAMETERS. OBJECTIVE: OFFSPRING EXPOSED TO GESTATIONAL OBESITY HAVE AN INCREASED RISK FOR CHRONIC DISEASES. INCREASING EVIDENCE SUGGESTS THAT EPIGENETICS MAY PLAY A MECHANISTIC ROLE IN METABOLIC PROGRAMMING. THIS STUDY AIMED TO IDENTIFY PLACENTAL DNA METHYLATION MARKS ASSOCIATED WITH GESTATIONAL WEIGHT GAIN (GWG) AND TO STUDY THEIR ASSOCIATION WITH OFFSPRING OBESITY PARAMETERS AT SCHOOL AGE. METHODS: A GLOBAL METHYLATION ARRAY WAS PERFORMED IN 24 PLACENTAS FROM MOTHERS WITH DIFFERENT DEGREES OF GWG (SCREENING SAMPLE). THE METHYLATION PERCENTAGE OF FOUR CYTOSINE-GUANINE (CPG) SITES AND THE RELATIVE EXPRESSION OF THE RESPECTIVE ANNOTATED GENES WERE STUDIED IN 90 ADDITIONAL PLACENTAS (VALIDATION SAMPLE). ASSOCIATIONS OF THESE EPIGENETIC MARKS WITH CLINICAL PARAMETERS IN THE OFFSPRING AT 6 YEARS OF AGE WERE EXAMINED. RESULTS: THE SCREENING ANALYSIS IDENTIFIED 104 CPG SITES (97 GENES) ASSOCIATED WITH GWG. THE VALIDATION ANALYSIS OF FOUR SELECTED CPG SITES (ANNOTATING FOR FRAT1, SNX5, AND KCNK3 GENES) SHOWED THAT THE UPREGULATION OF SNX5 METHYLATION, THE DOWNREGULATION OF FRAT1 METHYLATION, AND KCNK3 UNDEREXPRESSION ASSOCIATED WITH AN ADVERSE METABOLIC PHENOTYPE IN CHILDREN OF WOMEN WITH INCREASED GWG. CONCLUSIONS: THESE RESULTS SUGGEST THAT PLACENTAL REGULATION OF FRAT1, SNX5, AND KCNK3 RELATES TO OBESITY PARAMETERS IN OFFSPRING EXPOSED TO EXCESSIVE GWG AND THEREBY COULD CONDITION THE RISK FOR FUTURE METABOLIC DISORDERS. 2023 9 6632 32 UNDERSTANDING THE ROLE OF THE CHROMOSOME 15Q25.1 IN COPD THROUGH EPIGENETICS AND TRANSCRIPTOMICS. CHRONIC OBSTRUCTIVE PULMONARY DISEASE (COPD) IS A MAJOR HEALTH BURDEN IN ADULTS AND CIGARETTE SMOKING IS CONSIDERED THE MOST IMPORTANT ENVIRONMENTAL RISK FACTOR OF COPD. CHROMOSOME 15Q25.1 LOCUS IS ASSOCIATED WITH BOTH COPD AND SMOKING. OUR STUDY AIMS AT UNDERSTANDING THE MECHANISM UNDERLYING THE ASSOCIATION OF CHROMOSOME 15Q25.1 WITH COPD THROUGH EPIGENETIC AND TRANSCRIPTIONAL VARIATION IN A POPULATION-BASED SETTING. TO ASSESS IF COPD-ASSOCIATED VARIANTS IN 15Q25.1 ARE METHYLATION QUANTITATIVE TRAIT LOCI, EPIGENOME-WIDE ASSOCIATION ANALYSIS OF FOUR GENETIC VARIANTS, PREVIOUSLY ASSOCIATED WITH COPD (P < 5 X 10(-8)) IN THE 15Q25.1 LOCUS (RS12914385:C>T-CHRNA3, RS8034191:T>C-HYKK, RS13180:C>T-IREB2 AND RS8042238:C>T-IREB2), WAS PERFORMED IN THE ROTTERDAM STUDY (N = 1489). ALL FOUR VARIANTS WERE SIGNIFICANTLY ASSOCIATED (P < 1.4 X 10(-6)) WITH BLOOD DNA METHYLATION OF IREB2, CHRNA3 AND PSMA4, OF WHICH TWO, INCLUDING IREB2 AND PSMA4, WERE ALSO DIFFERENTIALLY METHYLATED IN COPD CASES AND CONTROLS (P < 0.04). FURTHER ADDITIVE AND MULTIPLICATIVE EFFECTS OF SMOKING WERE EVALUATED AND NO SIGNIFICANT EFFECT WAS OBSERVED. TO EVALUATE IF THESE FOUR GENETIC VARIANTS ARE EXPRESSION QUANTITATIVE TRAIT LOCI, TRANSCRIPTOME-WIDE ASSOCIATION ANALYSIS WAS PERFORMED IN 1087 LUNG SAMPLES. ALL FOUR VARIANTS WERE ALSO SIGNIFICANTLY ASSOCIATED WITH DIFFERENTIAL EXPRESSION OF THE IREB2 3'UTR IN LUNG TISSUES (P < 5.4 X 10(-95)). WE CONCLUDE THAT REGULATORY MECHANISMS AFFECTING THE EXPRESSION OF IREB2 GENE, SUCH AS DNA METHYLATION, MAY EXPLAIN THE ASSOCIATION BETWEEN GENETIC VARIANTS IN CHROMOSOME 15Q25.1 AND COPD, LARGELY INDEPENDENT OF SMOKING. 2018 10 2946 24 GENETIC AND EPIGENETIC CHANGES IN THE EUTOPIC ENDOMETRIUM OF WOMEN WITH ENDOMETRIOSIS: ASSOCIATION WITH DECREASED ENDOMETRIAL ALPHAVBETA3 INTEGRIN EXPRESSION. ABOUT 40% OF WOMEN WITH INFERTILITY AND 70% OF WOMEN WITH PELVIC PAIN SUFFER FROM ENDOMETRIOSIS. THE PREGNANCY RATE IN WOMEN UNDERGOING IVF WITH LOW ENDOMETRIAL INTEGRIN ALPHAVBETA3 (LEI) EXPRESSION IS SIGNIFICANTLY LOWER COMPARED TO THE WOMEN WITH HIGH ENDOMETRIAL INTEGRIN ALPHAVBETA3 (HEI). MID-SECRETORY EUTOPIC ENDOMETRIAL BIOPSIES WERE OBTAINED FROM HEALTHY CONTROLS (C; N=3), AND WOMEN WITH HEI (N=4) AND LEI (N=4) AND ENDOMETRIOSIS. CHANGES IN GENE EXPRESSION WERE ASSESSED USING HUMAN GENE ARRAYS AND DNA METHYLATION DATA WERE DERIVED USING 385 K TWO-ARRAY PROMOTER ARRAYS. TRANSCRIPTIONAL ANALYSIS REVEALED THAT LEI AND C GROUPS CLUSTERED SEPARATELY WITH 396 DIFFERENTIALLY EXPRESSED GENES (DEGS) (P<0.01: 275 UP AND 121 DOWN) DEMONSTRATING THAT TRANSCRIPTIONAL AND EPIGENETIC CHANGES ARE DISTINCT IN THE LEI EUTOPIC ENDOMETRIUM COMPARED TO THE C AND HEI GROUP. IN CONTRAST, HEI VS C AND HEI VS LEI COMPARISONS ONLY IDENTIFIED 83 AND 45 DEGS, RESPECTIVELY. THE METHYLATION PROMOTER ARRAY IDENTIFIED 1304 DIFFERENTIALLY METHYLATED REGIONS IN THE LEI VS C COMPARISON. THE OVERLAP OF GENE AND METHYLATION ARRAY DATA IDENTIFIED 14 EPIGENETICALLY DYSREGULATED GENES AND QUANTITATIVE RT-PCR ANALYSIS VALIDATED THE TRANSCRIPTOMIC FINDINGS. THE ANALYSIS ALSO REVEALED THAT ARYL HYDROCARBON RECEPTOR (AHR) WAS HYPOMETHYLATED AND SIGNIFICANTLY OVEREXPRESSED IN LEI SAMPLES COMPARED TO C. FURTHER ANALYSIS VALIDATED THAT AHR TRANSCRIPT AND PROTEIN EXPRESSION ARE SIGNIFICANTLY (P<0.05) INCREASED IN LEI WOMEN COMPARED TO C. THE INCREASE IN AHR, TOGETHER WITH THE ALTERED METHYLATION STATUS OF THE 14 ADDITIONAL GENES, MAY PROVIDE A DIAGNOSTIC TOOL TO IDENTIFY THE SUBSET OF WOMEN WHO HAVE ENDOMETRIOSIS-ASSOCIATED INFERTILITY. 2021 11 3657 32 INDUCTION AND RECOVERY OF CPG SITE SPECIFIC METHYLATION CHANGES IN HUMAN BRONCHIAL CELLS AFTER LONG-TERM EXPOSURE TO CARBON NANOTUBES AND ASBESTOS. INTRODUCTION: INHALATION OF ASBESTOS INDUCES LUNG CANCER VIA DIFFERENT CELLULAR MECHANISMS. TOGETHER WITH THE INCREASED PRODUCTION OF CARBON NANOTUBES (CNTS) GROWS THE CONCERN ABOUT ADVERSE EFFECTS ON THE LUNGS GIVEN THE SIMILARITIES WITH ASBESTOS. WHILE IT HAS BEEN ESTABLISHED THAT CNT AND ASBESTOS INDUCE EPIGENETIC ALTERATIONS, IT IS CURRENTLY NOT KNOWN WHETHER ALTERATIONS AT EPIGENETIC LEVEL REMAIN STABLE AFTER WITHDRAWAL OF THE EXPOSURE. IDENTIFICATION OF DNA METHYLATION CHANGES AFTER A LOW DOSE OF CNT AND ASBESTOS EXPOSURE AND RECOVERY CAN BE USEFUL TO DETERMINE THE FIBRE/PARTICLE TOXICITY AND ADVERSE OUTCOME. METHODS: HUMAN BRONCHIAL EPITHELIAL CELLS (16HBE) WERE TREATED WITH A LOW AND NON-CYTOTOXIC DOSE (0.25 MICROG/ML) OF MULTI-WALLED CARBON NANOTUBES (MWCNTS-NM400) OR SINGLE-WALLED CARBON NANOTUBES (SWCNTS-SRM2483) AND 0.05 MICROG/ML AMOSITE (BROWN) ASBESTOS FOR THE COURSE OF FOUR WEEKS (SUB-CHRONIC EXPOSURE). AFTER THIS TREATMENT, THE CELLS WERE FURTHER INCUBATED (WITHOUT PARTICLE/FIBRE) FOR TWO WEEKS, ALLOWING RECOVERY FROM THE EXPOSURE (RECOVERY PERIOD). NUCLEAR DEPOSITIONS OF THE CNTS WERE ASSESSED USING FEMTOSECOND PULSED LASER MICROSCOPY IN A LABEL-FREE MANNER. DNA METHYLATION ALTERATIONS WERE ANALYSED USING MICROARRAYS THAT ASSESS MORE THAN 850 THOUSAND CPG SITES IN THE WHOLE GENOME. RESULTS: AT NON-CYTOTOXIC DOSES, CNTS WERE NOTED TO BE INCORPORATED WITH IN THE NUCLEUS AFTER A FOUR WEEKS PERIOD. EXPOSURE TO MWCNTS INDUCED A SINGLE HYPOMETHYLATION AT A CPG SITE AND GENE PROMOTER REGION. NO CHANGE IN DNA METHYLATION WAS OBSERVED AFTER THE RECOVERY PERIOD FOR MWCNTS. EXPOSURE TO SWCNTS OR AMOSITE INDUCED HYPERMETHYLATION AT CPG SITES AFTER SUB-CHRONIC EXPOSURE WHICH MAY INVOLVE IN 'TRANSCRIPTION FACTOR ACTIVITY' AND 'SEQUENCE-SPECIFIC DNA BINDING' GENE ONTOLOGIES. AFTER THE RECOVERY PERIOD, HYPERMETHYLATION AND HYPOMETHYLATION WERE NOTED FOR BOTH SWCNTS AND AMOSITE. HIPPOCALCINLIKE 1 (HPCAL1), PROTEASE SERINE 3 (PRSS3), KALLIKREIN-RELATED PEPTIDASE 3 (KLK3), KRUPPEL LIKE FACTOR 3 (KLF3) GENES WERE HYPERMETHYLATED AT DIFFERENT TIME POINTS IN EITHER SWCNT-EXPOSED OR AMOSITE-EXPOSED CELLS. CONCLUSION: THESE RESULTS SUGGEST THAT THE SPECIFIC SWCNT (SRM2483) AND AMOSITE FIBRES STUDIED INDUCE HYPO- OR HYPERMETHYLATION ON CPG SITES IN DNA AFTER VERY LOW-DOSE EXPOSURE AND RECOVERY PERIOD. THIS EFFECT WAS NOT SEEN FOR THE STUDIED MWCNT (NM400). 2020 12 1990 31 EPIGENETIC ANALYSIS OF PAGET'S DISEASE OF BONE IDENTIFIES DIFFERENTIALLY METHYLATED LOCI THAT PREDICT DISEASE STATUS. PAGET'S DISEASE OF BONE (PDB) IS CHARACTERIZED BY FOCAL INCREASES IN DISORGANIZED BONE REMODELING. THIS STUDY AIMS TO CHARACTERIZE PDB-ASSOCIATED CHANGES IN DNA METHYLATION PROFILES IN PATIENTS' BLOOD. META-ANALYSIS OF DATA FROM THE DISCOVERY AND CROSS-VALIDATION SET, EACH COMPRISING 116 PDB CASES AND 130 CONTROLS, REVEALED SIGNIFICANT DIFFERENCES IN DNA METHYLATION AT 14 CPG SITES, 4 CPG ISLANDS, AND 6 GENE-BODY REGIONS. THESE LOCI, INCLUDING TWO CHARACTERIZED AS FUNCTIONAL THROUGH EXPRESSION QUANTITATIVE TRAIT-METHYLATION ANALYSIS, WERE ASSOCIATED WITH FUNCTIONS RELATED TO OSTEOCLAST DIFFERENTIATION, MECHANICAL LOADING, IMMUNE FUNCTION, AND VIRAL INFECTION. A MULTIVARIATE CLASSIFIER BASED ON DISCOVERY SAMPLES WAS FOUND TO DISCRIMINATE PDB CASES AND CONTROLS FROM THE CROSS-VALIDATION WITH A SENSITIVITY OF 0.84, SPECIFICITY OF 0.81, AND AN AREA UNDER CURVE OF 92.8%. IN CONCLUSION, THIS STUDY HAS SHOWN FOR THE FIRST TIME THAT EPIGENETIC FACTORS CONTRIBUTE TO THE PATHOGENESIS OF PDB AND MAY OFFER DIAGNOSTIC MARKERS FOR PREDICTION OF THE DISEASE. 2021 13 1529 38 DNA METHYLATION CHANGES IN WHOLE BLOOD AND CD16+ NEUTROPHILS IN RESPONSE TO CHRONIC FOLIC ACID SUPPLEMENTATION IN WOMEN OF CHILDBEARING AGE. FOLATE, A WATER-SOLUBLE VITAMIN, IS A KEY SOURCE OF ONE-CARBON GROUPS FOR DNA METHYLATION, BUT STUDIES OF THE DNA METHYLATION RESPONSE TO SUPPLEMENTAL FOLIC ACID YIELD INCONSISTENT RESULTS. THESE STUDIES ARE COMMONLY CONDUCTED USING WHOLE BLOOD, WHICH CONTAINS A MIXED POPULATION OF WHITE BLOOD CELLS THAT HAVE BEEN SHOWN TO CONFOUND RESULTS. THE OBJECTIVE OF THIS STUDY WAS TO DETERMINE IF CD16+ NEUTROPHILS MAY PROVIDE MORE SPECIFIC DATA THAN WHOLE BLOOD FOR IDENTIFYING DNA METHYLATION RESPONSE TO CHRONIC FOLIC ACID SUPPLEMENTATION. THE STUDY WAS PERFORMED IN NORMAL WEIGHT (BMI 18.5 - 24.9 KG/M2) WOMEN (18 - 35 Y; N = 12), WITH BLOOD SAMPLES TAKEN BEFORE AND AFTER 8 WEEKS OF FOLIC ACID SUPPLEMENTATION AT 800 MUG/DAY. DNA METHYLATION PATTERNS FROM WHOLE BLOOD AND ISOLATED CD16+ NEUTROPHILS WERE MEASURED ACROSS >485,000 CPG SITES THROUGHOUT THE GENOME USING THE INFINIUM HUMANMETHYLATION450 BEADCHIP. OVER THE COURSE OF THE 8-WEEK SUPPLEMENTATION, 6746 AND 7513 CPG SITES CHANGED (P < 0.05) IN WHOLE BLOOD AND CD16+ NEUTROPHILS, RESPECTIVELY. DNA METHYLATION DECREASED IN 68.4% (WHOLE BLOOD) AND 71.8% (CD16+ NEUTROPHILS) OF THESE SITES. THERE WERE ONLY 182 CPG SITES THAT CHANGED IN BOTH THE WHOLE BLOOD AND CD16+ NEUTROPHILS, 139 OF WHICH CHANGED IN THE SAME DIRECTION. THESE RESULTS SUGGEST THAT THE GENOME-WIDE DNA METHYLATION RESPONSE TO CHRONIC FOLIC ACID SUPPLEMENTATION IS DIFFERENT BETWEEN WHOLE BLOOD AND CD16+ NEUTROPHILS AND THAT A SINGLE WHITE BLOOD CELL TYPE MAY FUNCTION AS A MORE SPECIFIC EPIGENETIC REPORTER OF FOLATE STATUS THAN WHOLE BLOOD. 2017 14 3142 31 GLOBAL METHYLATION PROFILES IN BUCCAL CELLS OF LONG-TERM SMOKERS AND MOIST SNUFF CONSUMERS. PURPOSE: ALTERNATIONS IN GENE METHYLATION AND OTHER EPIGENETIC CHANGES REGULATE NORMAL DEVELOPMENT AS WELL AS DRIVE DISEASE PROGRESSION. THE AIM OF THIS STUDY IS TO INVESTIGATE GLOBAL METHYLATION CHANGES IN THE BUCCAL CELLS OF SMOKERS AND SMOKELESS TOBACCO USERS. MATERIALS AND METHODS: GENERALLY HEALTHY ADULT MALE SUBJECTS WERE RECRUITED INTO SMOKER (SMK), MOIST SNUFF CONSUMER (MSC) AND NON-TOBACCO CONSUMER (NTC) COHORTS (40 SUBJECTS/COHORT) (CLINICALTRIALS.GOV IDENTIFIER: NCT01923402). GLOBAL METHYLATION PROFILING WAS PERFORMED ON ILLUMINA 450 K METHYLATION ARRAYS USING BUCCAL CELL DNAS. RESULTS: THE SMK COHORT EXHIBITED LARGER QUALITATIVE AND QUANTITATIVE CHANGES RELATIVE TO MSC. APPROXIMATELY HALF OF THE DIFFERENTIALLY METHYLATED 1252 GENE LOCI WERE GROUPED AS COMBUSTIBLE TOBACCO-RELATED (CTR) SIGNATURES AND A THIRD OF THE CHANGES, TOBACCO-RELATED (TR) SIGNATURES, WERE ASSOCIATED WITH SMOKING. VERY FEW (41) DIFFERENTIALLY METHYLATED GENE LOCI WERE EXCLUSIVELY ASSOCIATED WITH MOIST SNUFF USE AND WERE DESIGNATED AS MOIST SNUFF-RELATED (MSR) SIGNATURE. PATHWAY ENRICHMENT ANALYSES REVEALED THAT DEVELOPMENTAL AND IMMUNE RESPONSE PATHWAYS, AMONG OTHERS, WERE IMPACTED DUE TO TOBACCO USE. CONCLUSIONS: CHRONIC CIGARETTE SMOKING CAUSES HYPER- AND HYPO-METHYLATION OF GENES THAT COULD CONTRIBUTE TO SMOKING-RELATED DISEASES. THESE RESULTS HELP PLACE COMBUSTIBLE AND NON-COMBUSTIBLE TOBACCO PRODUCTS ALONG A RISK CONTINUUM AND PROVIDE ADDITIONAL INSIGHTS INTO THE EFFECTS OF TOBACCO CONSUMPTION. 2018 15 5621 26 SCREENING METHYLATION OF DNA REPAIR GENES IN THE ORAL MUCOSA OF CHRONIC SMOKERS. OBJECTIVE: THE AIM OF THIS STUDY WAS TO EVALUATE THE EPIGENETIC CHANGES IN THE PROCESS OF ORAL CARCINOGENESIS BY SCREENING THE METHYLATION OF REPAIR GENES IN CHRONIC SMOKERS. DESIGN: TWO GROUPS WERE FORMED: GROUP 1: 16 SMOKERS WITH CONSUMPTION OF 20 CIGARETTES/DAY FOR AT LEAST 10 YEARS; AND GROUP 2: 10 NON-SMOKING. EXFOLIATIVE CYTOLOGY OF THE TONGUE WAS PERFORMED, AND THE EXTRACTED DNA WAS TREATED BY ENZYMES. THE PCR ARRAY SYSTEM PERFORMED METHYLATION SCREENING TO EVALUATE 22 DNA REPAIR GENES, AND THE RESULTS WERE VALIDATED BY RT-QPCR FOR EACH GENE WITH METHYLATION LEVELS >/=10%. RESULTS: HIGHEST PERCENTAGES OF METHYLATION WERE OBSERVED FOR MLH3 AND XRCC1 GENES (11-20% METHYLATION) AND IN ONE CASE FOR MRE11A AND PMS2 (>50% METHYLATION). STATISTICAL ANALYSIS SHOWED SIGNIFICANT DIFFERENCES IN THE EXPRESSION OF THE GENES MRE11A (P = 0.0002), PMS2(P = 0.0068), XRCC1 (P = 0.0080) AND MLH3 (0.0057) BETWEEN THE TWO GROUPS. CONCLUSION: THE EFFECTS OF CHRONIC SMOKING ON ORAL MUCOSA LED TO THE METHYLATION OF GENES MRE11A PMS2, XRCC1 AND MLH3, BUT RESULTED IN A REDUCTION OF GENE EXPRESSION OF MRE11A AND PMS2, WHICH SHOWED >/=50% METHYLATION. THESE RESULTS PROVIDE EVIDENCE THAT SMOKING CAUSE METHYLATION AND REDUCED EXPRESSION OF REPAIR GENES. 2018 16 2978 28 GENETIC ASSOCIATION AND EXPRESSION ANALYSES OF THE PHOSPHATIDYLINOSITOL-4-PHOSPHATE 5-KINASE (PIP5K1C) GENE IN ALCOHOL USE DISORDER-RELEVANCE FOR PAIN SIGNALING AND ALCOHOL USE. BACKGROUND: THE GENE ENCODING PHOSPHATIDYLINOSITOL-4-PHOSPHATE 5-KINASE (PIP5K1C) HAS BEEN RECENTLY IMPLICATED IN PAIN REGULATION. INTERESTINGLY, A RECENT CROSS-TISSUE AND CROSS-PHENOTYPIC EPIGENETIC ANALYSIS IDENTIFIED THE SAME GENE IN ALCOHOL USE DISORDER (AUD). GIVEN THE HIGH COMORBIDITY BETWEEN AUD AND CHRONIC PAIN, WE HYPOTHESIZED THAT GENETIC VARIATION IN PIP5K1C MIGHT CONTRIBUTE TO SUSCEPTIBILITY TO AUD. METHODS: WE CONDUCTED A CASE-CONTROL ASSOCIATION STUDY OF GENETIC VARIANTS IN PIP5K1C. ASSOCIATION ANALYSES OF 16 COMMON PIP5K1C SINGLE NUCLEOTIDE POLYMORPHISMS (SNPS) WERE CONDUCTED IN CASES AND CONTROLS OF AFRICAN (427 CASES AND 137 CONTROLS) AND EUROPEAN ANCESTRY (488 CASES AND 324 CONTROLS) USING STANDARD METHODS. IN ADDITION, GIVEN THE PROMINENT ROLE OF THE OPIOID SYSTEM IN PAIN SIGNALING, WE INVESTIGATED THE EFFECTS OF ACUTE ALCOHOL EXPOSURE ON PIP5K1C EXPRESSION IN HUMANIZED TRANSGENIC MICE FOR THE MU-OPIOID RECEPTOR THAT INCLUDED THE OPRM1 A118G POLYMORPHISM, A WIDELY USED MOUSE MODEL TO STUDY ANALGESIC RESPONSE TO OPIOIDS IN PAIN. PIP5K1C EXPRESSION WAS MEASURED IN THE THALAMUS AND BASOLATERAL AMYGDALA (BLA) IN MICE AFTER SHORT-TERM ADMINISTRATION (SINGLE 2 G/KG DOSE) OF ALCOHOL OR SALINE USING IMMUNOHISTOCHEMISTRY AND ANALYZED BY 2-WAY ANALYSIS OF VARIANCE. RESULTS: IN THE CASE-CONTROL ASSOCIATION STUDY USING AN NIAAA DISCOVERY SAMPLE, 8 SNPS IN PIP5K1C WERE SIGNIFICANTLY ASSOCIATED WITH AUD IN THE AFRICAN ANCESTRY (AA) GROUP (P < 0.05 AFTER CORRECTION; RS4807493, RS10405681, RS2074957, RS10432303, RS8109485, RS1476592, RS10419980, AND RS4432372). HOWEVER, A REPLICATION ANALYSIS USING AN INDEPENDENT SAMPLE (N = 3,801) FOUND NO SIGNIFICANT ASSOCIATIONS AFTER CORRECTION FOR MULTIPLE TESTING. IN THE HUMANIZED TRANSGENIC MOUSE MODEL WITH THE OPRM1 POLYMORPHISM, PIP5K1C EXPRESSION WAS SIGNIFICANTLY DIFFERENT BETWEEN ALCOHOL AND SALINE-TREATED MICE, REGARDLESS OF GENOTYPE, IN BOTH THE THALAMUS (P < 0.05) AND BLA (P < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS: OUR DISCOVERY SAMPLE SHOWS THAT GENETIC VARIANTS IN PIP5K1C ARE ASSOCIATED WITH AUD IN THE AA GROUP, AND ACUTE ALCOHOL EXPOSURE LEADS TO UP-REGULATION OF PIP5K1C, POTENTIALLY EXPLAINING A MECHANISM UNDERLYING THE INCREASED RISK FOR CHRONIC PAIN CONDITIONS IN INDIVIDUALS WITH AUD. 2018 17 6036 33 THE CHARACTERISTICS OF EXTRACHROMOSOMAL CIRCULAR DNA IN PATIENTS WITH END-STAGE RENAL DISEASE. BACKGROUND: END-STAGE RENAL DISEASE (ESRD) IS THE FINAL STAGE OF CHRONIC KIDNEY DISEASE (CKD). IN ADDITION TO THE STRUCTURALLY INTACT CHROMOSOME GENOMIC DNA, THERE IS A DOUBLE-STRANDED CIRCULAR DNA CALLED EXTRACHROMOSOMAL CIRCULAR DNA (ECCDNA), WHICH IS THOUGHT TO BE INVOLVED IN THE EPIGENETIC REGULATION OF HUMAN DISEASE. HOWEVER, THE FEATURES OF ECCDNA IN ESRD PATIENTS ARE BARELY KNOWN. IN THIS STUDY, WE IDENTIFIED ECCDNA FROM ESRD PATIENTS AND HEALTHY PEOPLE, AS WELL AS REVEALED THE CHARACTERISTICS OF ECCDNA IN PATIENTS WITH ESRD. METHODS: USING THE HIGH-THROUGHPUT CIRCLE-SEQUENCING TECHNIQUE, WE EXAMINED THE ECCDNA IN PERIPHERAL BLOOD MONONUCLEAR CELLS (PBMCS) FROM HEALTHY PEOPLE (NC) (N = 12) AND ESRD PATIENTS (N = 16). WE ANALYZED THE LENGTH DISTRIBUTION, GENOME ELEMENTS, AND MOTIFS FEATURE OF ECCDNA IN ESRD PATIENTS. THEN, AFTER IDENTIFYING THE SPECIFIC ECCDNA IN ESRD PATIENTS, WE EXPLORED THE POTENTIAL FUNCTIONS OF THE TARGET GENES OF THE SPECIFIC ECCDNA. FINALLY, WE INVESTIGATED THE PROBABLE HUB ECCDNA USING ALGORITHMS. RESULTS: IN TOTAL, 14,431 AND 11,324 ECCDNAS WERE FOUND IN THE ESRD AND NC GROUPS, RESPECTIVELY, WITH SIZES RANGING FROM 0.01 KB TO 60 KB AT MOST. ADDITIONALLY, THE ESRD GROUP HAD A GREATER DISTRIBUTION OF ECCDNA ON CHROMOSOMES 4, 11, 13, AND 20. IN TWO GROUPS, WE ALSO DISCOVERED SEVERAL MOTIFS OF SPECIFIC ECCDNAS. FURTHERMORE, WE IDENTIFIED 13,715 SPECIFIC ECCDNAS IN THE ESRD GROUP AND 10,585 SPECIFIC ECCDNAS IN THE NC GROUP, BOTH OF WHICH WERE LARGELY ANNOTATED AS MRNA CATALOG. PATHWAY STUDIES USING GENE ONTOLOGY (GO) AND THE KYOTO ENCYCLOPEDIA OF GENES AND GENOMES (KEGG) SHOWED THAT THE SPECIFIC ECCDNA IN ESRD WAS MARKEDLY ENRICHED IN CELL JUNCTION AND COMMUNICATION PATHWAYS. FURTHERMORE, WE IDENTIFIED POTENTIALLY 20 HUB ECCDNA-TARGETING GENES FROM ALL ESRD-SPECIFIC ECCDNA-TARGETING GENES. ALSO, WE FOUND THAT 39 ECCDNA-TARGETING GENES WERE ASSOCIATED WITH ESRD, AND SOME OF THESE ECCDNAS MAY BE RELATED TO THE PATHOGENESIS OF ESRD. CONCLUSIONS: OUR FINDINGS REVEALED THE CHARACTERISTICS OF ECCDNA IN ESRD PATIENTS AND DISCOVERED POTENTIALLY HUB AND ESRD-RELEVANT ECCDNA-TARGETING GENES, SUGGESTING A NOVEL PROBABLE MECHANISM OF ESRD. 2023 18 1622 25 DNA METHYLTRANSFERASES IN MALAR MELASMA AND THEIR MODIFICATION BY SUNSCREEN IN COMBINATION WITH 4% NIACINAMIDE, 0.05% RETINOIC ACID, OR PLACEBO. BACKGROUND: MALAR MELASMA HAS A CHRONIC AND RECURRENT CHARACTER THAT MAY BE RELATED TO EPIGENETIC CHANGES. OBJECTIVE: TO RECOGNIZE THE EXPRESSION AND DNA METHYLATION OF DNA METHYLTRANSFERASES (DNMTS) IN MALAR MELASMA AND PERILESIONAL SKIN, AS WELL AS THE CHANGES IN DNMTS AFTER THEIR TREATMENT WITH SUNSCREEN IN COMBINATION WITH 4% NIACINAMIDE, 0.05% RETINOIC ACID, OR PLACEBO. METHODS: THIRTY FEMALE PATIENTS WERE CLINICALLY EVALUATED FOR THE EXPRESSION OF DNMT1 AND DNMT3B USING REAL-TIME PCR AND IMMUNOFLUORESCENCE. THESE INITIAL RESULTS WERE COMPARED TO RESULTS AFTER EIGHT WEEKS OF TREATMENT WITH SUNSCREEN IN COMBINATION WITH NIACINAMIDE, RETINOIC ACID, OR PLACEBO. RESULTS: THE RELATIVE EXPRESSION OF DNMT1 WAS SIGNIFICANTLY ELEVATED IN MELASMA COMPARED WITH UNAFFECTED SKIN IN ALL SUBJECTS, INDICATING DNA HYPERMETHYLATION. AFTER TREATMENT, IT WAS DECREASED IN ALL GROUPS: NIACINAMIDE (7 VERSUS 1; P<0.01), RETINOIC ACID (7 VERSUS 2; P<0.05), AND PLACEBO (7 VERSUS 3; P<0.05), WHICH CORRELATES WITH CLINICAL IMPROVEMENT. DNMT3B WAS NOT OVEREXPRESSED IN LESIONAL SKIN BUT REDUCED IN ALL GROUPS. CONCLUSIONS: WE FOUND DNA HYPERMETHYLATION IN MELASMA LESIONS. ENVIRONMENTAL FACTORS SUCH AS SOLAR RADIATION MAY INDUCE CELLULAR CHANGES THAT TRIGGER HYPERPIGMENTATION THROUGH THE ACTIVATION OF PATHWAYS REGULATED BY EPIGENETIC MODIFICATIONS. HOWEVER, LIMITING OR DECREASING DNA METHYLATION THROUGH SUNSCREEN, NIACINAMIDE, AND RETINOIC ACID TREATMENTS THAT PROVIDE PHOTOPROTECTION AND GENETIC TRANSCRIPTION CAN COUNTERACT THIS. 2019 19 6835 20 [INFLUENCE OF AGE OF PATIENTS WITH BRONCHOPULMONARY PATHOLOGY ON LOW-MOLECULAR DNA CONCENTRATION IN BLOOD PLASMA.]. THE AIM OF THE WORK WAS TO DETERMINE THE CONCENTRATION OF LOW-MOLECULAR-WEIGHT PLASMA DNA (LMDNA) IN PATIENTS WITH COPD AND CHRONIC NON-OBSTRUCTIVE BRONCHITIS (CNONB) OF TWO AGE GROUPS - 34-59 AND 60-80 YEARS. THE LEVELS OF LMDNA IN HEALTHY DONORS, PATIENTS WITH CNONB, HEALTHY RELATIVES OF PATIENTS WITH COPD DID NOT DIFFER, WHILE THE CONCENTRATION OF LMDNA IN PATIENTS WITH COPD WAS SIGNIFICANTLY LOWER. IN COPD PATIENTS AGED 34-59 YEARS, THE LEVEL OF LMDNA WAS REDUCED BY MORE THAN 7 TIMES, AND IN COPD PATIENTS WHO SURVIVED TO 60-80 YEARS, IT WAS 3 TIMES LOWER COMPARED TO THE VALUE OF THIS BIOCHEMICAL INDICATOR IN HEALTHY DONORS OF THE SAME AGE. THE REDUCTION OF LMDNA REFLECTED A REDUCED SYSTEMIC APOPTOTIC ACTIVITY IN THE BODY OF PATIENTS WITH COPD. A SIGNIFICANT DIFFERENCE IN THE CONCENTRATION OF LMDNA IN PATIENTS WITH COPD AND CNONB IN REMISSION CAN BE USED FOR DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS OF THE DEVELOPMENT OF THESE PATHOLOGICAL PROCESSES. AN INCREASE IN THE LOW LEVEL OF LMDNA IN COPD PATIENTS DURING AGING MAY INDICATE THE INVOLVEMENT OF EPIGENETIC MECHANISMS IN LIFE EXTENSION. 2022 20 6777 21 [ASSOCIATION OF P-MOBILE ELEMENT ACTIVITY AND DNA METHYLATION PATTERN CHANGES IN THE CONDITIONS OF DROSOPHILA MELANOGASTER PROLONGED IRRADIATION]. ASSOCIATION OF THE RADIOSENSITIVITY AND EPIGENETIC PATTERN DNA CHANGES AT THE CONDITIONS OF PROLONGED IRRADIATION WAS INVESTIGATED. TWO LABORATORY DROSOPHILA MELANOGASTER STRAINS (CANTON-S AND RI) IRRADIATED FOR 20 GENERATIONS TO LOW DOSES RATE (1.2 X 10(-1), 0.8 X 10(-8) AND 0.12 X 10(-8) GY/S) WERE USED AS EXPERIMENTAL OBJECTS. DNA FOR THE ANALYSIS WAS EXTRACTED SEPARATELY FOR THE FLIES OF MALES AND FEMALES. RESTRICTION ENDONUCLEASES GLUL, GLAL WERE USED. RESTRICTION ANALYSIS HAS SHOWN THAT THERE ARE DIFFERENT DNA METHYLATED PATTERNS FOR MALES AND FEMALES AS FOR CONTROL AND EXPOSED VARIANTS. AT THE CHRONIC IRRADIATION THERE WAS THE DECLINE OF METHYLATION LEVEL AT THE ENZYMES GLUL, GLAL SITES RECOGNITION. 2010