1 3053 190 GENOME-WIDE ASSOCIATION STUDIES IDENTIFY NOVEL GENETIC LOCI FOR EPIGENETIC AGE ACCELERATION AMONG SURVIVORS OF CHILDHOOD CANCER. BACKGROUND: INCREASED EPIGENETIC AGE ACCELERATION (EAA) IN SURVIVORS OF CHILDHOOD CANCER IS ASSOCIATED WITH SPECIFIC TREATMENT EXPOSURES, UNFAVORABLE HEALTH BEHAVIORS, AND PRESENCE OF CERTAIN CHRONIC HEALTH CONDITIONS. TO BETTER UNDERSTAND INTER-INDIVIDUAL VARIABILITY, WE INVESTIGATED THE GENETIC BASIS UNDERLYING EAA. METHODS: GENOME-WIDE ASSOCIATION STUDIES OF EAA BASED ON MULTIPLE EPIGENETIC CLOCKS (HANNUM, HORVATH, PHENOAGE, AND GRIMAGE) WERE PERFORMED. METHYLATIONEPIC BEADCHIP ARRAY AND WHOLE-GENOME SEQUENCING DATA WERE GENERATED WITH BLOOD-DERIVED DNA FROM PARTICIPANTS IN THE ST. JUDE LIFETIME COHORT STUDY (DISCOVERY: 2138 PRE-EXISTING AND 502 NEWLY GENERATED DATA, ALL SURVIVORS; EXPLORATORY: 282 COMMUNITY CONTROLS). LINEAR REGRESSION MODELS WERE FIT FOR EACH EPIGENETIC AGE AGAINST THE ALLELIC DOSE OF EACH GENETIC VARIANT, ADJUSTING FOR AGE AT SAMPLING, SEX, AND CANCER TREATMENT EXPOSURES. FIXED-EFFECTS META-ANALYSIS WAS USED TO COMBINE SUMMARY STATISTICS FROM TWO DISCOVERY DATA SETS. LD (LINKAGE DISEQUILIBRIUM) SCORE REGRESSION WAS USED TO ESTIMATE SINGLE-NUCLEOTIDE POLYMORPHISM (SNP)-BASED HERITABILITY. RESULTS: FOR EAA-HORVATH, A GENOME-WIDE SIGNIFICANT ASSOCIATION WAS MAPPED TO THE SELP GENE WITH THE STRONGEST SNP RS732314 (META-GWAS: BETA=0.57, P=3.30X10(-11)). MOREOVER, THE STRATIFIED ANALYSIS OF THE ASSOCIATION BETWEEN RS732314 AND EAA-HORVATH SHOWED A SUBSTANTIAL HETEROGENEITY BETWEEN CHILDREN AND ADULTS (META-GWAS: BETA=0.97 VS. 0.51, I(2)=73.1%) AS WELL AS BETWEEN SURVIVORS WITH AND WITHOUT CHEST/ABDOMINAL/PELVIC-RT EXPOSURE (BETA=0.64 VS. 0.31, I(2)=66.3%). FOR EAA-HANNUM, AN ASSOCIATION WAS MAPPED TO THE HLA LOCUS WITH THE STRONGEST SNP RS28366133 (META-GWAS: BETA=0.78, P=3.78X10(-11)). THERE WAS NO GENOME-WIDE SIGNIFICANT HIT FOR EAA-PHENOAGE OR EAA-GRIMAGE. INTERESTINGLY, AMONG COMMUNITY CONTROLS, RS732314 WAS ASSOCIATED WITH EAA-HORVATH (BETA=1.09, P=5.43X10(-5)), WHEREAS RS28366133 WAS NOT ASSOCIATED WITH EAA-HANNUM (BETA=0.21, P=0.49). THE ESTIMATED HERITABILITY WAS 0.33 (SE=0.20) FOR EAA-HORVATH AND 0.17 (SE=0.23) FOR EAA-HANNUM, BUT CLOSE TO ZERO FOR EAA-PHENOAGE AND EAA-GRIMAGE. CONCLUSIONS: WE IDENTIFIED NOVEL GENETIC VARIANTS IN THE SELP GENE AND HLA REGION ASSOCIATED WITH EAA-HORVATH AND EAA-HANNUM, RESPECTIVELY, AMONG SURVIVORS OF CHILDHOOD CANCER. THE NEW GENETIC VARIANTS IN COMBINATION WITH OTHER REPLICATED KNOWN VARIANTS CAN FACILITATE THE IDENTIFICATION OF SURVIVORS AT HIGHER RISK IN DEVELOPING ACCELERATED AGING AND POTENTIALLY INFORM DRUG TARGETS FOR FUTURE INTERVENTION STRATEGIES AMONG VULNERABLE SURVIVORS. 2022 2 6632 38 UNDERSTANDING THE ROLE OF THE CHROMOSOME 15Q25.1 IN COPD THROUGH EPIGENETICS AND TRANSCRIPTOMICS. CHRONIC OBSTRUCTIVE PULMONARY DISEASE (COPD) IS A MAJOR HEALTH BURDEN IN ADULTS AND CIGARETTE SMOKING IS CONSIDERED THE MOST IMPORTANT ENVIRONMENTAL RISK FACTOR OF COPD. CHROMOSOME 15Q25.1 LOCUS IS ASSOCIATED WITH BOTH COPD AND SMOKING. OUR STUDY AIMS AT UNDERSTANDING THE MECHANISM UNDERLYING THE ASSOCIATION OF CHROMOSOME 15Q25.1 WITH COPD THROUGH EPIGENETIC AND TRANSCRIPTIONAL VARIATION IN A POPULATION-BASED SETTING. TO ASSESS IF COPD-ASSOCIATED VARIANTS IN 15Q25.1 ARE METHYLATION QUANTITATIVE TRAIT LOCI, EPIGENOME-WIDE ASSOCIATION ANALYSIS OF FOUR GENETIC VARIANTS, PREVIOUSLY ASSOCIATED WITH COPD (P < 5 X 10(-8)) IN THE 15Q25.1 LOCUS (RS12914385:C>T-CHRNA3, RS8034191:T>C-HYKK, RS13180:C>T-IREB2 AND RS8042238:C>T-IREB2), WAS PERFORMED IN THE ROTTERDAM STUDY (N = 1489). ALL FOUR VARIANTS WERE SIGNIFICANTLY ASSOCIATED (P < 1.4 X 10(-6)) WITH BLOOD DNA METHYLATION OF IREB2, CHRNA3 AND PSMA4, OF WHICH TWO, INCLUDING IREB2 AND PSMA4, WERE ALSO DIFFERENTIALLY METHYLATED IN COPD CASES AND CONTROLS (P < 0.04). FURTHER ADDITIVE AND MULTIPLICATIVE EFFECTS OF SMOKING WERE EVALUATED AND NO SIGNIFICANT EFFECT WAS OBSERVED. TO EVALUATE IF THESE FOUR GENETIC VARIANTS ARE EXPRESSION QUANTITATIVE TRAIT LOCI, TRANSCRIPTOME-WIDE ASSOCIATION ANALYSIS WAS PERFORMED IN 1087 LUNG SAMPLES. ALL FOUR VARIANTS WERE ALSO SIGNIFICANTLY ASSOCIATED WITH DIFFERENTIAL EXPRESSION OF THE IREB2 3'UTR IN LUNG TISSUES (P < 5.4 X 10(-95)). WE CONCLUDE THAT REGULATORY MECHANISMS AFFECTING THE EXPRESSION OF IREB2 GENE, SUCH AS DNA METHYLATION, MAY EXPLAIN THE ASSOCIATION BETWEEN GENETIC VARIANTS IN CHROMOSOME 15Q25.1 AND COPD, LARGELY INDEPENDENT OF SMOKING. 2018 3 4740 48 NOVEL GENETIC VARIANTS ASSOCIATED WITH CHRONIC KIDNEY DISEASE PROGRESSION. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT: EGFR SLOPE HAS BEEN USED AS A SURROGATE OUTCOME FOR PROGRESSION OF CKD. HOWEVER, GENETIC MARKERS ASSOCIATED WITH EGFR SLOPE AMONG PATIENTS WITH CKD WERE UNKNOWN. WE AIMED TO IDENTIFY GENETIC SUSCEPTIBILITY LOCI ASSOCIATED WITH EGFR SLOPE. A TWO-PHASE GENOME-WIDE ASSOCIATION STUDY IDENTIFIED SINGLE NUCLEOTIDE POLYMORPHISMS (SNPS) IN TPPP AND FAT1-LINC02374 , AND 22 OF THEM WERE USED TO DERIVE POLYGENIC RISK SCORES THAT MARK THE DECLINE OF EGFR BY DISRUPTING BINDING OF NEARBY TRANSCRIPTION FACTORS. THIS WORK IS THE FIRST TO IDENTIFY THE IMPACT OF TPPP AND FAT1-LINC02374 ON CKD PROGRESSION, PROVIDING PREDICTIVE MARKERS FOR THE DECLINE OF EGFR IN PATIENTS WITH CKD. BACKGROUND: THE INCIDENCE OF CKD IS ASSOCIATED WITH GENETIC FACTORS. HOWEVER, GENETIC MARKERS ASSOCIATED WITH THE PROGRESSION OF CKD HAVE NOT BEEN FULLY ELUCIDATED. METHODS: WE CONDUCTED A GENOME-WIDE ASSOCIATION STUDY AMONG 1738 PATIENTS WITH CKD, MAINLY FROM THE KOREAN COHORT STUDY FOR OUTCOMES IN PATIENTS WITH CKD. THE OUTCOME WAS EGFR SLOPE. WE PERFORMED A REPLICATION STUDY FOR DISCOVERED SINGLE NUCLEOTIDE POLYMORPHISMS (SNPS) WITH P <10 -6 IN 2498 PATIENTS WITH CKD FROM THE CHRONIC RENAL INSUFFICIENCY COHORT STUDY. SEVERAL EXPRESSION QUANTITATIVE TRAIT LOCI (EQTL) STUDIES, PATHWAY ENRICHMENT ANALYSES, EXPLORATION OF EPIGENETIC ARCHITECTURE, AND PREDICTING DISRUPTION OF TRANSCRIPTION FACTOR (TF) BINDING SITES EXPLORED POTENTIAL BIOLOGICAL IMPLICATIONS OF THE LOCI. WE DEVELOPED AND EVALUATED THE EFFECT OF POLYGENIC RISK SCORES (PRS) ON INCIDENT CKD OUTCOMES. RESULTS: SNPS IN TWO NOVEL LOCI, TPPP AND FAT1-LINC02374 , WERE REPLICATED (RS59402340 IN TPPP , PDISCOVERY =7.11X10 -7 , PCRIC =8.13X10 -4 , PMETA =7.23X10 -8 ; RS28629773 IN FAT1-LINC02374 , PDISCOVERY =6.08X10 -7 , PCRIC =4.33X10 -2 , PMETA =1.87X10 -7 ). THE EQTL STUDIES REVEALED THAT THE REPLICATED SNPS REGULATED THE EXPRESSION LEVEL OF NEARBY GENES ASSOCIATED WITH KIDNEY FUNCTION. FURTHERMORE, THESE SNPS WERE NEAR GENE ENHANCER REGIONS AND PREDICTED TO DISRUPT THE BINDING OF TFS. PRS BASED ON THE INDEPENDENTLY SIGNIFICANT TOP 22 SNPS WERE SIGNIFICANTLY ASSOCIATED WITH CKD OUTCOMES. CONCLUSIONS: THIS STUDY DEMONSTRATES THAT SNP MARKERS IN THE TPPP AND FAT1-LINC02374 LOCI COULD BE PREDICTIVE MARKERS FOR THE DECLINE OF EGFR IN PATIENTS WITH CKD. 2023 4 2626 37 EPIGENOME-WIDE ASSOCIATION STUDY IDENTIFIES DNA METHYLATION MARKERS FOR ASTHMA REMISSION IN WHOLE BLOOD AND NASAL EPITHELIUM. BACKGROUND: ASTHMA IS A CHRONIC RESPIRATORY DISEASE WHICH IS NOT CURABLE, YET SOME PATIENTS EXPERIENCE SPONTANEOUS REMISSION. WE HYPOTHESIZED THAT EPIGENETIC MECHANISMS MAY BE INVOLVED IN ASTHMA REMISSION. METHODS: CLINICAL REMISSION (CLINR) WAS DEFINED AS THE ABSENCE OF ASTHMA SYMPTOMS AND MEDICATION FOR AT LEAST 12 MONTHS, AND COMPLETE REMISSION (COMR) WAS DEFINED AS CLINR WITH NORMAL LUNG FUNCTION AND ABSENCE OF AIRWAY HYPERRESPONSIVENESS. WE ANALYZED DIFFERENTIAL DNA METHYLATION OF CLINR AND COMR COMPARING TO PERSISTENT ASTHMA (PERSA) IN WHOLE BLOOD SAMPLES (N = 72) AND NASAL BRUSHING SAMPLES (N = 97) IN A LONGITUDINAL COHORT OF WELL CHARACTERIZED ASTHMA PATIENTS. SIGNIFICANT FINDINGS OF WHOLE BLOOD DNA METHYLATION WERE TESTED FOR REPLICATION IN TWO INDEPENDENT COHORTS, LIFELINES AND EPIDEMIOLOGICAL STUDY ON THE GENETICS AND ENVIRONMENT OF ASTHMA (EGEA). RESULTS: WE IDENTIFIED DIFFERENTIALLY METHYLATED CPG SITES ASSOCIATED WITH CLINR (7 CPG SITES) AND COMR (129 CPG SITES) IN WHOLE BLOOD. ONE CPG (CG13378519, CHR1) ASSOCIATED WITH CLINR WAS REPLICATED AND ANNOTATED TO PEX11 (PEROXISOMAL BIOGENESIS FACTOR 11 BETA). THE WHOLE BLOOD DNA METHYLATION LEVELS OF THIS CPG WERE ALSO DIFFERENT BETWEEN CLINR AND HEALTHY SUBJECTS. ONE COMR-ASSOCIATED CPG (CG24788483, CHR10) THAT ANNOTATED TO TCF7L2 (TRANSCRIPTION FACTOR 7 LIKE 2) WAS REPLICATED AND ASSOCIATED WITH EXPRESSION OF TCF7L2 GENE. ONE OUT OF SEVEN CLINR-ASSOCIATED CPG SITES AND 8 OUT OF 129 COMR-ASSOCIATED CPG SITES IDENTIFIED FROM WHOLE BLOOD SAMPLES SHOWED NOMINAL SIGNIFICANCE (P < 0.05) AND THE SAME DIRECTION OF EFFECT IN NASAL BRUSHES. CONCLUSION: WE IDENTIFIED DNA METHYLATION MARKERS POSSIBLY ASSOCIATED WITH CLINICAL AND COMPLETE ASTHMA REMISSION IN NASAL BRUSHES AND WHOLE BLOOD, AND TWO CPG SITES IDENTIFIED FROM WHOLE BLOOD CAN BE REPLICATED IN INDEPENDENT COHORTS AND MAY PLAY A ROLE IN PEROXISOME PROLIFERATION AND WNT SIGNALING PATHWAY. 2020 5 5001 38 PERINATAL RISK FACTORS IN TOURETTE'S AND CHRONIC TIC DISORDERS: A TOTAL POPULATION SIBLING COMPARISON STUDY. ADVERSE PERINATAL EVENTS MAY INCREASE THE RISK OF TOURETTE'S AND CHRONIC TIC DISORDERS (TD/CTD), BUT PREVIOUS STUDIES HAVE BEEN UNABLE TO CONTROL FOR UNMEASURED ENVIRONMENTAL AND GENETIC CONFOUNDING. WE AIMED TO PROSPECTIVELY INVESTIGATE POTENTIAL PERINATAL RISK FACTORS FOR TD/CTD, TAKING UNMEASURED FACTORS SHARED BETWEEN FULL SIBLINGS INTO ACCOUNT. A POPULATION-BASED BIRTH COHORT, CONSISTING OF ALL SINGLETONS BORN IN SWEDEN IN 1973-2003, WAS FOLLOWED UNTIL DECEMBER 2013. A TOTAL OF 3 026 861 INDIVIDUALS WERE IDENTIFIED, 5597 OF WHICH HAD A REGISTERED TD/CTD DIAGNOSIS. WE THEN STUDIED DIFFERENTIALLY EXPOSED FULL SIBLINGS FROM 947 942 FAMILIES; OF THESE, 3563 FAMILIES INCLUDED SIBLINGS THAT WERE DISCORDANT FOR TD/CTD. PERINATAL DATA WERE COLLECTED FROM THE MEDICAL BIRTH REGISTER AND TD/CTD DIAGNOSES WERE COLLECTED FROM THE NATIONAL PATIENT REGISTER, USING A PREVIOUSLY VALIDATED ALGORITHM. IN THE FULLY ADJUSTED MODELS, IMPAIRED FETAL GROWTH, PRETERM BIRTH, BREECH PRESENTATION AND CESAREAN SECTION WERE ASSOCIATED WITH A HIGHER RISK OF TD/CTD, LARGELY INDEPENDENT FROM SHARED FAMILY CONFOUNDERS AND MEASURED COVARIATES. MATERNAL SMOKING DURING PREGNANCY WAS ASSOCIATED WITH RISK OF TD/CTD IN A DOSE-RESPONSE MANNER BUT THE ASSOCIATION WAS NO LONGER STATISTICALLY SIGNIFICANT IN THE SIBLING COMPARISON MODELS OR AFTER THE EXCLUSION OF COMORBID ATTENTION-DEFICIT/HYPERACTIVITY DISORDER. A DOSE-RESPONSE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN THE NUMBER OF ADVERSE PERINATAL EVENTS AND INCREASED RISK FOR TD/CTD WAS ALSO OBSERVED, WITH HAZARD RATIOS RANGING FROM 1.41 (95% CONFIDENCE INTERVAL (CI): 1.33-1.50) FOR ONE EVENT TO 2.42 (95% CI: 1.65-3.53) FOR FIVE OR MORE EVENTS. THESE RESULTS PAVE THE WAY FOR FUTURE GENE BY ENVIRONMENT INTERACTION AND EPIGENETIC STUDIES IN TD/CTD. 2018 6 1645 55 DOES THE EPIGENETIC CLOCK GRIMAGE PREDICT MORTALITY INDEPENDENT OF GENETIC INFLUENCES: AN 18 YEAR FOLLOW-UP STUDY IN OLDER FEMALE TWIN PAIRS. BACKGROUND: EPIGENETIC CLOCKS ARE BASED ON DNA METHYLATION (DNAM). IT HAS BEEN SUGGESTED THAT THESE CLOCKS ARE USEABLE MARKERS OF BIOLOGICAL AGING AND PREMATURE MORTALITY. BECAUSE GENETIC FACTORS EXPLAIN VARIATIONS IN BOTH EPIGENETIC AGING AND MORTALITY, THIS ASSOCIATION COULD ALSO BE EXPLAINED BY SHARED GENETIC FACTORS. WE INVESTIGATED THE INFLUENCE OF GENETIC AND LIFESTYLE FACTORS (SMOKING, ALCOHOL CONSUMPTION, PHYSICAL ACTIVITY, CHRONIC DISEASES, BODY MASS INDEX) AND EDUCATION ON THE ASSOCIATION OF ACCELERATED EPIGENETIC AGING WITH MORTALITY USING A LONGITUDINAL TWIN DESIGN. UTILIZING A PUBLICLY AVAILABLE ONLINE TOOL, WE CALCULATED THE EPIGENETIC AGE USING TWO EPIGENETIC CLOCKS, HORVATH DNAMAGE AND DNAM GRIMAGE, IN 413 FINNISH TWIN SISTERS, AGED 63-76 YEARS, AT THE BEGINNING OF THE 18-YEAR MORTALITY FOLLOW-UP. EPIGENETIC AGE ACCELERATION WAS CALCULATED AS THE RESIDUALS FROM A LINEAR REGRESSION MODEL OF EPIGENETIC AGE ESTIMATED ON CHRONOLOGICAL AGE (AA(HORVATH), AA(GRIMAGE), RESPECTIVELY). COX PROPORTIONAL HAZARD MODELS WERE CONDUCTED FOR INDIVIDUALS AND TWIN PAIRS. RESULTS: THE RESULTS OF THE INDIVIDUAL-BASED ANALYSES SHOWED AN INCREASED MORTALITY HAZARD RATIO (HR) OF 1.31 (CI(95): 1.13-1.53) PER ONE STANDARD DEVIATION (SD) INCREASE IN AA(GRIMAGE). THE RESULTS INDICATED NO SIGNIFICANT ASSOCIATIONS OF AA(HORVATH) WITH MORTALITY. PAIRWISE MORTALITY ANALYSES SHOWED AN HR OF 1.50 (CI(95): 1.02-2.20) PER 1 SD INCREASE IN AA(GRIMAGE). HOWEVER, AFTER ADJUSTING FOR SMOKING, THE HR ATTENUATED SUBSTANTIALLY AND WAS STATISTICALLY NON-SIGNIFICANT (1.29; CI(95): 0.84-1.99). SIMILARLY, IN MULTIVARIABLE ADJUSTED MODELS THE HR (1.42-1.49) WAS NON-SIGNIFICANT. IN AA(HORVATH), THE NON-SIGNIFICANT HRS WERE LOWER AMONG MONOZYGOTIC PAIRS IN COMPARISON TO DIZYGOTIC PAIRS, WHILE IN AA(GRIMAGE) THERE WERE NO SYSTEMATIC DIFFERENCES BY ZYGOSITY. FURTHER, THE PAIRWISE ANALYSIS IN QUARTILES SHOWED THAT THE INCREASED WITHIN PAIR DIFFERENCE IN AA(GRIMAGE) WAS ASSOCIATED WITH A HIGHER ALL-CAUSE MORTALITY RISK. CONCLUSIONS: IN CONCLUSION, THE FINDINGS SUGGEST THAT DNAM GRIMAGE IS A STRONG PREDICTOR OF MORTALITY INDEPENDENT OF GENETIC INFLUENCES. SMOKING, WHICH IS KNOWN TO ALTER DNAM LEVELS AND IS BUILT INTO THE DNAM GRIMAGE ALGORITHM, ATTENUATED THE ASSOCIATION BETWEEN EPIGENETIC AGING AND MORTALITY RISK. 2021 7 1187 39 COPD GWAS VARIANT AT 19Q13.2 IN RELATION WITH DNA METHYLATION AND GENE EXPRESSION. CHRONIC OBSTRUCTIVE PULMONARY DISEASE (COPD) IS AMONG THE MAJOR HEALTH BURDENS IN ADULTS. WHILE CIGARETTE SMOKING IS THE LEADING RISK FACTOR, A GROWING NUMBER OF GENETIC VARIATIONS HAVE BEEN DISCOVERED TO INFLUENCE DISEASE SUSCEPTIBILITY. EPIGENETIC MODIFICATIONS MAY MEDIATE THE RESPONSE OF THE GENOME TO SMOKING AND REGULATE GENE EXPRESSION. CHROMOSOME 19Q13.2 REGION IS ASSOCIATED WITH BOTH SMOKING AND COPD, YET ITS FUNCTIONAL ROLE IS UNCLEAR. OUR STUDY AIMED TO DETERMINE WHETHER RS7937 (RAB4B, EGLN2), A TOP GENETIC VARIANT IN 19Q13.2 REGION IDENTIFIED IN GENOME-WIDE ASSOCIATION STUDIES OF COPD, IS ASSOCIATED WITH DIFFERENTIAL DNA METHYLATION IN BLOOD (N = 1490) AND GENE EXPRESSION IN BLOOD (N = 721) AND LUNGS (N = 1087). WE COMBINED GENETIC AND EPIGENETIC DATA FROM THE ROTTERDAM STUDY (RS) TO PERFORM THE EPIGENOME-WIDE ASSOCIATION ANALYSIS OF RS7937. FURTHER, WE USED GENETIC AND TRANSCRIPTOMIC DATA FROM BLOOD (RS) AND FROM LUNG TISSUE (LUNG EXPRESSION QUANTITATIVE TRAIT LOCI MAPPING STUDY), TO PERFORM THE TRANSCRIPTOME-WIDE ASSOCIATION STUDY OF RS7937. RS7937 WAS SIGNIFICANTLY (FDR < 0.05) AND CONSISTENTLY ASSOCIATED WITH DIFFERENTIAL DNA METHYLATION IN BLOOD AT 4 CPG SITES IN CIS, INDEPENDENT OF SMOKING. ONE METHYLATION SITE (CG11298343-EGLN2) WAS ALSO ASSOCIATED WITH COPD (P = 0.001). ADDITIONALLY, RS7937 WAS ASSOCIATED WITH GENE EXPRESSION LEVELS IN BLOOD IN CIS (EGLN2), 42% MEDIATED THROUGH CG11298343, AND IN LUNG TISSUE, IN CIS AND TRANS (NUMBL, EGLN2, DNMT3A, LOC101929709 AND PAK2). OUR RESULTS SUGGEST THAT CHANGES OF DNA METHYLATION AND GENE EXPRESSION MAY BE INTERMEDIATE STEPS BETWEEN GENETIC VARIANTS AND COPD, BUT FURTHER CAUSAL STUDIES IN LUNG TISSUE SHOULD CONFIRM THIS HYPOTHESIS. 2018 8 3907 36 LEUCOCYTIC DNA METHYLATION OF INTERLEUKIN-6 PROMOTER REDUCTION IN PRE-HYPERTENSIVE YOUNG ADULTS. BACKGROUND: PRE-HYPERTENSION IS ASSOCIATED WITH INCREASED RISK OF CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE. CHRONIC INFLAMMATION PLAYS AN IMPORTANT ROLE IN THE PATHOPHYSIOLOGY OF ESSENTIAL HYPERTENSION, WITH EPIGENETIC DYSREGULATION INVOLVEMENT. NEVERTHELESS, THE ROLE OF DNA METHYLATION IN PREHYPERTENSIVE STATE IS UNKNOWN. THE AIM OF THIS STUDY WAS TO INVESTIGATE THE ASSOCIATION BETWEEN DNA METHYLATION LEVEL OF INTERLEUKIN-6 (IL-6) PROMOTER IN PRE-HYPERTENSIVE (PREHT) AND NORMOTENSIVE (NT) YOUNG ADULTS. METHODS: A TOTAL OF 80 NT AND 80 PREHT HEALTHY SUBJECTS AGED BETWEEN 18-45 YEARS WERE RECRUITED IN KUANTAN, PAHANG, MALAYSIA USING AN OBSERVATIONAL CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY APPROACH. DNA METHYLATION LEVEL OF IL-6 PROMOTER IN PERIPHERAL LEUKOCYTES WERE MEASURED USING BISULPHITE CONVERSION AND METHYLIGHT ASSAY. RESULTS: THERE WAS NO SIGNIFICANT DIFFERENCE IN AGE BETWEEN NT AND PREHT (P = 0.655). THE MEAN BLOOD PRESSURE WAS 110(8)/73(5) MMHG IN NT AND 125(7)/82(5) MMHG IN PREHT SUBJECTS. THE IL-6 PROMOTER METHYLATION LEVEL WAS SIGNIFICANTLY LOWER IN PREHT COMPARED TO NT SUBJECTS (P < 0.001). CONCLUSION: THE CURRENT STUDY DEMONSTRATES THAT HYPOMETHYLATION OF IL-6 PROMOTER WAS ASSOCIATED WITH PRE-HYPERTENSION IN YOUNG ADULTS. THUS, IL-6 METHYLATION COULD BE USED AS AN EARLY INDICATOR FOR PREDICTING HYPERTENSION AND RELATED RISK OF CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASES IN PREHYPERTENSIVE SUBJECTS. GENE EXPRESSION AND LONGITUDINAL STUDIES ARE WARRANTED TO EXAMINE THE METHYLATION EFFECT ON IL-6 EXPRESSION OVER TIME. 2019 9 3992 35 LONGITUDINAL EPIGENOME-WIDE ANALYSIS OF KIDNEY TRANSPLANT RECIPIENTS PRETRANSPLANT AND POSTTRANSPLANT. INTRODUCTION: KIDNEY TRANSPLANTATION REMAINS THE GOLD STANDARD OF TREATMENT FOR END-STAGE RENAL DISEASE (ESRD), WITH IMPROVED PATIENT OUTCOMES COMPARED WITH DIALYSIS. EPIGENOME-WIDE ASSOCIATION ANALYSIS (EWAS) OF DNA METHYLATION MAY IDENTIFY MARKERS THAT CONTRIBUTE TO AN INDIVIDUAL'S RISK OF ADVERSE TRANSPLANT OUTCOMES, YET ONLY A LIMITED NUMBER OF EWAS HAVE BEEN CONDUCTED IN KIDNEY TRANSPLANT RECIPIENTS. THIS EWAS AIMED TO INTERROGATE THE METHYLATION PROFILE OF A KIDNEY TRANSPLANT RECIPIENT COHORT WITH MINIMAL POSTTRANSPLANT COMPLICATIONS, EXPLORING DIFFERENCES IN SAMPLES PRETRANSPLANT AND POSTTRANSPLANT. METHODS: WE COMPARED DIFFERENTIALLY METHYLATED CYTOSINE-PHOSPHATE-GUANINE SITES (DMCPGS) IN SAMPLES DERIVED FROM PERIPHERAL BLOOD MONONUCLEAR CELLS OF THE SAME KIDNEY TRANSPLANT RECIPIENTS, COLLECTED BOTH PRETRANSPLANT AND POSTTRANSPLANT (N = 154), USING THE INFINIUM METHYLATIONEPIC MICROARRAY (ILLUMINA, SAN DIEGO, CA). RECIPIENTS RECEIVED KIDNEYS FROM DECEASED DONORS AND HAD A MEAN OF 17 YEARS OF FOLLOW-UP. RESULTS: FIVE TOP-RANKED DMCPGS WERE SIGNIFICANTLY DIFFERENT AT FALSE DISCOVERY RATE (FDR) ADJUSTED P /= 0.05), THEREBY THIS STUDY ESTABLISHES AN IMPORTANT REFERENCE FOR FUTURE EPIGENETIC STUDIES THAT SEEK TO IDENTIFY MARKERS OF POSTTRANSPLANT COMPLICATIONS. 2023 10 4986 37 PATIENT-REPORTED SYMPTOM OUTCOMES AND MICROSATELLITE INSTABILITY IN PATIENTS WITH METASTATIC COLORECTAL CANCER. BACKGROUND: THE SURVIVAL OF PATIENTS WITH METASTATIC COLORECTAL CANCER (MCRC) IS INFLUENCED BY THE GENETIC AND EPIGENETIC CHANGES THAT MIGHT INFLUENCE THE PATIENT EXPERIENCE OF SYMPTOM BURDEN. UNDERSTANDING THE ASSOCIATION OF MOLECULAR CHANGES WITH THE SYMPTOM BURDEN COULD HELP CLINICIANS GAIN INSIGHT INTO THE MOLECULAR BASIS OF SYMPTOM BURDEN AND IMPROVE TREATMENT TOLERANCE. TO DATE, NO STUDIES HAVE COMPARED THE PATIENT-REPORTED SYMPTOM BURDEN WITH THESE MOLECULAR SUBSETS AMONG PATIENTS WITH MCRC. PATIENTS AND METHODS: WE RECRUITED PATIENTS WITH MCRC THAT WAS REFRACTORY TO >/= 1 LINE OF THERAPY WHO HAD BEEN ENROLLED IN THE ASSESSMENT OF TARGETED THERAPIES AGAINST COLORECTAL CANCER TRIAL AT THE UNIVERSITY OF TEXAS MD ANDERSON CANCER CENTER. ALL PATIENTS COMPLETED A BASELINE GASTROINTESTINAL SYMPTOM INVENTORY (MD ANDERSON SYMPTOM INVENTORY, GASTROINTESTINAL). THE SYMPTOM BURDEN ACROSS KEY DEMOGRAPHIC VARIABLES AND MOLECULAR CHANGES, INCLUDING CRC-ASSOCIATED MUTATIONS, MICROSATELLITE INSTABILITY (MSI) STATUS, AND THE CPG ISLAND METHYLATOR PHENOTYPE (CIMP) WERE COMPARED USING CHI(2) TESTS. ASSOCIATION OF THE SYMPTOM BURDEN WITH OVERALL SURVIVAL WAS EXAMINED USING COX REGRESSION MODELS. RESULTS: PATIENTS WITH AN MSI-HIGH (MSI-H) PHENOTYPE REPORTED GREATER PAIN (ODDS RATIO [OR], 3.06; 95% CONFIDENCE INTERVAL [CI], 1.61-5.84), FATIGUE (OR, 2.78; 95% CI, 1.41-5.49), SLEEP (OR, 2.52; 95% CI, 1.32-4.08); AND DROWSINESS (OR, 2.51; 95% CI, 1.32-4.78) COMPARED WITH MICROSATELLITE STABLE PATIENTS. PATIENTS WITH AN MSI-H PHENOTYPE ALSO HAD GREATER ODDS OF OVERALL SYMPTOM BURDEN (OR, 2.48; 95% CI, 1.29-4.74) COMPARED WITH MICROSATELLITE STABLE PATIENTS. THE CIMP-HIGH PATIENTS EXPERIENCED GREATER ODDS OF PAIN COMPARED WITH THE CIMP-NEGATIVE PATIENTS (OR, 1.72; 95% CI, 1.06-2.80). A GREATER OVERALL SYMPTOM BURDEN WAS ASSOCIATED WITH POOR OVERALL SURVIVAL (HAZARD RATIO, 1.42; 95% CI, 0.98-2.06]), ALTHOUGH THE DIFFERENCE WAS NOT SIGNIFICANT (P = .06). CONCLUSION: CORRELATION OF MSI-H-ASSOCIATED TUMOR FEATURES WITH THE SYMPTOM BURDEN COULD HELP PROVIDE A BETTER UNDERSTANDING OF UNDERLYING MECHANISMS ASSOCIATED WITH OUR FINDINGS. 2020 11 3956 39 LONG NON-CODING RNA GENES POLYMORPHISMS H19 (RS2251375) AND MALAT1 (RS3200401) ASSOCIATION WITH RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS AND THEIR CORRELATION WITH DISEASE ACTIVITY IN A COHORT OF EGYPTIAN PATIENTS: A PILOT STUDY. RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS (RA) IS A CHRONIC, PROGRESSIVE, INFLAMMATORY, AUTOIMMUNE DISEASE THAT COULD BE DISABLING THROUGHOUT ITS COURSE. IT AFFECTS PEOPLE IN THEIR MOST REPRODUCTIVE YEARS WITH RELATIVELY HIGH MORBIDITY AND MORTALITY. LONG NON-CODING RNAS BECAME ONE OF THE EPIGENETIC MECHANISMS TO PROVE A LINK TO RA PATHOGENESIS AND DEVELOPMENT, INCLUDING H19 AND MALAT1 GENES. THESE TWO GENES' EXPRESSIONS HAD PROVED TO INCREASE IN MULTIPLE DISEASES, ATTRACTING ATTENTION TO THEIR POLYMORPHISMS AND THEIR POSSIBLE RISK ROLE. ASSESS THE ASSOCIATION BETWEEN H19 SNP (RS2251375) AND MALAT1 SNP (RS3200401) AND THE SUSCEPTIBILITY OF RA AND ITS DISEASE ACTIVITY. IN THIS PILOT STUDY, 200 HUNDRED SUBJECTS (100 RA PATIENTS AND 100 HEALTHY CONTROLS) WERE INVESTIGATED FOR A POSSIBLE LINK BETWEEN THE POLYMORPHISMS H19 SNP (RS2251375) AND MALAT1 SNP (3200401) AND RA SUSCEPTIBILITY AND DISEASE ACTIVITY. RA-RELATED INVESTIGATIONS AND CLINICAL ASSESSMENT WERE DONE. REAL-TIME PCR GENOTYPING OF BOTH SNPS WAS DONE USING TAQMAN(R) MGB PROBES. THERE WAS NO ASSOCIATION BETWEEN THE SNPS AND RISK OF DEVELOPING RA. HOWEVER, BOTH SNPS HAD A SIGNIFICANT ASSOCIATION WITH HIGH DISEASE ACTIVITY. H19 SNP (RS2251375) HETEROZYGOUS GENOTYPE CA HAD AN ASSOCIATION WITH ELEVATED LEVELS OF ESR (P = 0.04) AND HIGHER DAS28-ESR SCORE (P = 0.03). MALAT1 (RS3200401) C ALLELE HAD AN ASSOCIATION WITH ELEVATED ESR (P = 0.001), DAS28-ESR (P = 0.03), AND DAS28-CRP (P = 0.007), WHILE CC GENOTYPE HAD AN ASSOCIATION WITH DAS28-CRP (P = 0.015). LINKAGE DISEQUILIBRIUM AND HAPLOTYPING OF THE ALLELES OF BOTH SNPS WERE ANALYZED AS BOTH GENES ARE PRESENT ON CHROMOSOME 11, BUT NO SIGNIFICANT ASSOCIATION WAS FOUND BETWEEN ANY OF THE COMBINATIONS OF THE ALLELES (P > 0.05), DENOTING THAT (RS2251375) AND (RS3200401) ARE NOT IN LINKAGE DISEQUILIBRIUM. THERE IS NO ASSOCIATION BETWEEN H19 SNP (RS2251375) AND MALAT1 SNP (RS3200401) AND THE SUSCEPTIBILITY OF RA. HOWEVER, THERE IS AN ASSOCIATION BETWEEN H19 SNP (RS2251375) GENOTYPE CA AND MALAT1 SNP (RS3200401) GENOTYPE CC WITH RA HIGH DISEASE ACTIVITY. 2023 12 2978 45 GENETIC ASSOCIATION AND EXPRESSION ANALYSES OF THE PHOSPHATIDYLINOSITOL-4-PHOSPHATE 5-KINASE (PIP5K1C) GENE IN ALCOHOL USE DISORDER-RELEVANCE FOR PAIN SIGNALING AND ALCOHOL USE. BACKGROUND: THE GENE ENCODING PHOSPHATIDYLINOSITOL-4-PHOSPHATE 5-KINASE (PIP5K1C) HAS BEEN RECENTLY IMPLICATED IN PAIN REGULATION. INTERESTINGLY, A RECENT CROSS-TISSUE AND CROSS-PHENOTYPIC EPIGENETIC ANALYSIS IDENTIFIED THE SAME GENE IN ALCOHOL USE DISORDER (AUD). GIVEN THE HIGH COMORBIDITY BETWEEN AUD AND CHRONIC PAIN, WE HYPOTHESIZED THAT GENETIC VARIATION IN PIP5K1C MIGHT CONTRIBUTE TO SUSCEPTIBILITY TO AUD. METHODS: WE CONDUCTED A CASE-CONTROL ASSOCIATION STUDY OF GENETIC VARIANTS IN PIP5K1C. ASSOCIATION ANALYSES OF 16 COMMON PIP5K1C SINGLE NUCLEOTIDE POLYMORPHISMS (SNPS) WERE CONDUCTED IN CASES AND CONTROLS OF AFRICAN (427 CASES AND 137 CONTROLS) AND EUROPEAN ANCESTRY (488 CASES AND 324 CONTROLS) USING STANDARD METHODS. IN ADDITION, GIVEN THE PROMINENT ROLE OF THE OPIOID SYSTEM IN PAIN SIGNALING, WE INVESTIGATED THE EFFECTS OF ACUTE ALCOHOL EXPOSURE ON PIP5K1C EXPRESSION IN HUMANIZED TRANSGENIC MICE FOR THE MU-OPIOID RECEPTOR THAT INCLUDED THE OPRM1 A118G POLYMORPHISM, A WIDELY USED MOUSE MODEL TO STUDY ANALGESIC RESPONSE TO OPIOIDS IN PAIN. PIP5K1C EXPRESSION WAS MEASURED IN THE THALAMUS AND BASOLATERAL AMYGDALA (BLA) IN MICE AFTER SHORT-TERM ADMINISTRATION (SINGLE 2 G/KG DOSE) OF ALCOHOL OR SALINE USING IMMUNOHISTOCHEMISTRY AND ANALYZED BY 2-WAY ANALYSIS OF VARIANCE. RESULTS: IN THE CASE-CONTROL ASSOCIATION STUDY USING AN NIAAA DISCOVERY SAMPLE, 8 SNPS IN PIP5K1C WERE SIGNIFICANTLY ASSOCIATED WITH AUD IN THE AFRICAN ANCESTRY (AA) GROUP (P < 0.05 AFTER CORRECTION; RS4807493, RS10405681, RS2074957, RS10432303, RS8109485, RS1476592, RS10419980, AND RS4432372). HOWEVER, A REPLICATION ANALYSIS USING AN INDEPENDENT SAMPLE (N = 3,801) FOUND NO SIGNIFICANT ASSOCIATIONS AFTER CORRECTION FOR MULTIPLE TESTING. IN THE HUMANIZED TRANSGENIC MOUSE MODEL WITH THE OPRM1 POLYMORPHISM, PIP5K1C EXPRESSION WAS SIGNIFICANTLY DIFFERENT BETWEEN ALCOHOL AND SALINE-TREATED MICE, REGARDLESS OF GENOTYPE, IN BOTH THE THALAMUS (P < 0.05) AND BLA (P < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS: OUR DISCOVERY SAMPLE SHOWS THAT GENETIC VARIANTS IN PIP5K1C ARE ASSOCIATED WITH AUD IN THE AA GROUP, AND ACUTE ALCOHOL EXPOSURE LEADS TO UP-REGULATION OF PIP5K1C, POTENTIALLY EXPLAINING A MECHANISM UNDERLYING THE INCREASED RISK FOR CHRONIC PAIN CONDITIONS IN INDIVIDUALS WITH AUD. 2018 13 1496 26 DNA IS HYPOMETHYLATED IN CIRCADIAN MANIFESTATIONS OF BRUXISM. OBJECTIVE: THE AIM OF THIS STUDY WAS TO COMPARE THE GLOBAL DNA METHYLATION LEVELS IN PATIENTS UNDER BRUXISM TREATMENT AND A CONTROL GROUP. METHODS: SUBJECTS UNDERGOING BRUXISM TREATMENT WERE CLASSIFIED IN AWAKE BRUXISM (42 PATIENTS), SLEEP BRUXISM (32 PATIENTS) AND BOTH CONDITIONS (42 PATIENTS). THE CONTROL GROUP INCLUDED 42 INDIVIDUALS. A COLORIMETRIC ASSAY (METHYLFLASH METHYLATED DNA 5-MC QUANTIFICATION KIT, EPIGENETIC GROUP INC., NY, USA) WAS USED TO DETERMINE THE GLOBAL DNA METHYLATION LEVELS. RESULTS: STATISTICALLY SIGNIFICANT DIFFERENCES WERE FOUND IN AMOUNTS OF METHYLATED DNA IN ALL CIRCADIAN MANIFESTATIONS OF BRUXISM COMPARED WITH A CONTROL GROUP (SLEEP BRUXISM = 0.95% +/- 2.02%; AWAKE BRUXISM = 0.87% +/- 2.1%; SLEEP AND AWAKE BRUXISM = 0.17% +/- 0.25%; CONTROL = 1.69% +/- 1.6%; KRUSKAL-WALLIS TEST [P = .0001] FOLLOWED BY DUNN'S TEST [P < .05]). CONCLUSION: PATIENTS UNDERGOING BRUXISM TREATMENT EXHIBITED HYPOMETHYLATED DNA LEVELS WHEN COMPARED TO CONTROL GROUP. OUR RESULTS SUGGEST THAT DNA HYPOMETHYLATION MIGHT BE A NOVEL AETIOLOGIC FACTOR IN BRUXISM AETIOLOGY. FURTHER RESEARCHES MUST BE PERFORMED EXPLORING THE ROLE OF EPIGENETICS MODIFICATIONS IN CIRCADIAN MANIFESTATIONS OF BRUXISM. 2018 14 6036 42 THE CHARACTERISTICS OF EXTRACHROMOSOMAL CIRCULAR DNA IN PATIENTS WITH END-STAGE RENAL DISEASE. BACKGROUND: END-STAGE RENAL DISEASE (ESRD) IS THE FINAL STAGE OF CHRONIC KIDNEY DISEASE (CKD). IN ADDITION TO THE STRUCTURALLY INTACT CHROMOSOME GENOMIC DNA, THERE IS A DOUBLE-STRANDED CIRCULAR DNA CALLED EXTRACHROMOSOMAL CIRCULAR DNA (ECCDNA), WHICH IS THOUGHT TO BE INVOLVED IN THE EPIGENETIC REGULATION OF HUMAN DISEASE. HOWEVER, THE FEATURES OF ECCDNA IN ESRD PATIENTS ARE BARELY KNOWN. IN THIS STUDY, WE IDENTIFIED ECCDNA FROM ESRD PATIENTS AND HEALTHY PEOPLE, AS WELL AS REVEALED THE CHARACTERISTICS OF ECCDNA IN PATIENTS WITH ESRD. METHODS: USING THE HIGH-THROUGHPUT CIRCLE-SEQUENCING TECHNIQUE, WE EXAMINED THE ECCDNA IN PERIPHERAL BLOOD MONONUCLEAR CELLS (PBMCS) FROM HEALTHY PEOPLE (NC) (N = 12) AND ESRD PATIENTS (N = 16). WE ANALYZED THE LENGTH DISTRIBUTION, GENOME ELEMENTS, AND MOTIFS FEATURE OF ECCDNA IN ESRD PATIENTS. THEN, AFTER IDENTIFYING THE SPECIFIC ECCDNA IN ESRD PATIENTS, WE EXPLORED THE POTENTIAL FUNCTIONS OF THE TARGET GENES OF THE SPECIFIC ECCDNA. FINALLY, WE INVESTIGATED THE PROBABLE HUB ECCDNA USING ALGORITHMS. RESULTS: IN TOTAL, 14,431 AND 11,324 ECCDNAS WERE FOUND IN THE ESRD AND NC GROUPS, RESPECTIVELY, WITH SIZES RANGING FROM 0.01 KB TO 60 KB AT MOST. ADDITIONALLY, THE ESRD GROUP HAD A GREATER DISTRIBUTION OF ECCDNA ON CHROMOSOMES 4, 11, 13, AND 20. IN TWO GROUPS, WE ALSO DISCOVERED SEVERAL MOTIFS OF SPECIFIC ECCDNAS. FURTHERMORE, WE IDENTIFIED 13,715 SPECIFIC ECCDNAS IN THE ESRD GROUP AND 10,585 SPECIFIC ECCDNAS IN THE NC GROUP, BOTH OF WHICH WERE LARGELY ANNOTATED AS MRNA CATALOG. PATHWAY STUDIES USING GENE ONTOLOGY (GO) AND THE KYOTO ENCYCLOPEDIA OF GENES AND GENOMES (KEGG) SHOWED THAT THE SPECIFIC ECCDNA IN ESRD WAS MARKEDLY ENRICHED IN CELL JUNCTION AND COMMUNICATION PATHWAYS. FURTHERMORE, WE IDENTIFIED POTENTIALLY 20 HUB ECCDNA-TARGETING GENES FROM ALL ESRD-SPECIFIC ECCDNA-TARGETING GENES. ALSO, WE FOUND THAT 39 ECCDNA-TARGETING GENES WERE ASSOCIATED WITH ESRD, AND SOME OF THESE ECCDNAS MAY BE RELATED TO THE PATHOGENESIS OF ESRD. CONCLUSIONS: OUR FINDINGS REVEALED THE CHARACTERISTICS OF ECCDNA IN ESRD PATIENTS AND DISCOVERED POTENTIALLY HUB AND ESRD-RELEVANT ECCDNA-TARGETING GENES, SUGGESTING A NOVEL PROBABLE MECHANISM OF ESRD. 2023 15 3687 44 INFLAMMATION-RELATED GENES ARE ASSOCIATED WITH EPIGENETIC AGING IN HIV. CHRONIC INFLAMMATION IS CHARACTERISTIC OF BOTH HIV AND AGING ("INFLAMMAGING") AND MAY CONTRIBUTE TO THE ACCELERATED AGING OBSERVED IN PEOPLE LIVING WITH HIV (PLWH). WE EXAMINED WHETHER THREE INFLAMMATION-RELATED SINGLE-NUCLEOTIDE POLYMORPHISMS (SNPS) WERE RISK FACTORS FOR ACCELERATED AGING AND HIV-ASSOCIATED, NON-AIDS (HANA) CONDITIONS AMONG PLWH. WE EXAMINED 155 POSTMORTEM CASES WITH HIV (MEAN AGE = 47.3, 81% MALE, 68% SELF-REPORTED WHITE) FROM THE NATIONAL NEUROAIDS TISSUE CONSORTIUM WHO HAD PRE-MORTEM NEUROBEHAVIORAL/MEDICAL/VIROLOGIC DATA AND EPIGENOMIC DATA FROM OCCIPITAL CORTEX TISSUE. ACCELERATED AGING WAS MEASURED ACCORDING TO THE EPIGENETIC CLOCK; AN AGING BIOMARKER BASED ON DNA METHYLATION LEVELS. PAST OR CURRENT AGE-ASSOCIATED HANA CONDITIONS INCLUDING CEREBROVASCULAR, LIVER AND KIDNEY DISEASE, CHRONIC OBSTRUCTIVE PULMONARY DISEASE, CANCER, AND DIABETES WERE DETERMINED VIA SELF-REPORT. EPIGENETIC AGING Z-SCORES AND LIKELIHOOD OF PAST/CURRENT HANA CONDITIONS WERE COMPARED BETWEEN MAJOR ALLELE HOMOZYGOTES AND MINOR ALLELE CARRIERS FOR EACH SNP (IL-6 - 174G>C, IL-10 - 592C>A, TNF-ALPHA - 308 G>A) SEPARATELY. ANALYSES WERE ADJUSTED FOR RELEVANT DEMOGRAPHIC/CLINICAL FACTORS. EPIGENETIC AGING (E.G., HIGHER Z-SCORES) WAS SIGNIFICANTLY GREATER IN IL-6 C ALLELE CARRIERS (P = .002) AND IL-10 CC HOMOZYGOTES (P = .02) COMPARED TO OTHER GENOTYPE GROUPS. THE LIKELIHOOD OF ANY PAST/CURRENT HANA CONDITION DID NOT DIFFER BY IL-10 GENOTYPE BUT WAS 3.36 TIMES GREATER IN IL-6 C ALLELE CARRIERS VERSUS OTHERS (OR = 3.36, 95%CI = 1.09-10.34, P = .03). TNF-ALPHA GENOTYPE WAS NOT ASSOCIATED WITH EPIGENETIC AGING OR HANA CONDITIONS. IL-6 AND IL-10 SNPS MAY HELP TO IDENTIFY PLWH WHO ARE AT HIGH RISK FOR ACCELERATED AGING. THESE INSIGHTS INTO PATHOPHYSIOLOGICAL PATHWAYS MAY INFORM INTERVENTIONAL APPROACHES TO TREAT RAPID AGING AMONG PLWH. 2019 16 3505 39 IDENTIFICATION OF SEX-SPECIFIC DNA METHYLATION CHANGES DRIVEN BY SPECIFIC CHEMICALS IN CORD BLOOD IN A FAROESE BIRTH COHORT. FAROE ISLANDERS CONSUME MARINE FOODS CONTAMINATED WITH METHYLMERCURY (MEHG), POLYCHLORINATED BIPHENYLS (PCBS), AND OTHER TOXICANTS ASSOCIATED WITH CHRONIC DISEASE RISKS. DIFFERENTIAL DNA METHYLATION AT SPECIFIC CPG SITES IN CORD BLOOD MAY SERVE AS A SURROGATE BIOMARKER OF HEALTH IMPACTS FROM CHEMICAL EXPOSURES. WE AIMED TO IDENTIFY KEY ENVIRONMENTAL CHEMICALS IN CORD BLOOD ASSOCIATED WITH DNA METHYLATION CHANGES IN A POPULATION WITH ELEVATED EXPOSURE TO CHEMICAL MIXTURES. WE STUDIED 72 PARTICIPANTS OF A FAROESE BIRTH COHORT RECRUITED BETWEEN 1986 AND 1987 AND FOLLOWED UNTIL ADULTHOOD. THE CORD BLOOD DNA METHYLOME WAS PROFILED USING INFINIUM HUMANMETHYLATION450 BEADCHIPS. WE DETERMINED THE ASSOCIATIONS OF CPG SITE CHANGES WITH CONCENTRATIONS OF MEHG, MAJOR PCBS, OTHER ORGANOCHLORINE COMPOUNDS [HEXACHLOROBENZENE (HCB), P,P'-DICHLORODIPHENYLDICHLOROETHYLENE (P,P'-DDE) AND P,P'-DICHLORODIPHENYLTRICHLOROETHANE], AND PERFLUOROALKYL SUBSTANCES. IN A COMBINED SEX ANALYSIS, AMONG THE 16 CHEMICALS STUDIED, PCB CONGENER 105 (CB-105) EXPOSURE WAS ASSOCIATED WITH THE MAJORITY OF DIFFERENTIALLY METHYLATED CPG SITES (214 OUT OF A TOTAL OF 250). IN FEMALE-ONLY ANALYSIS, ONLY 73 CB-105 ASSOCIATED CPG SITES WERE DETECTED, 44 OF WHICH WERE MAPPED TO GENES IN THE ELAV1-ASSOCIATED CANCER NETWORK. IN MALES-ONLY, METHYLATION CHANGES WERE SEEN FOR PERFLUOROOCTANE SULFONATE, HCB, AND P,P'-DDE IN 10,598, 1,238, AND 1,473 CPG SITES, RESPECTIVELY, 15% OF WHICH WERE ENRICHED IN CYTOBANDS OF THE X-CHROMOSOME ASSOCIATED WITH NEUROLOGICAL DISORDERS. IN THIS MULTIPLE-POLLUTANT AND GENOME-WIDE STUDY, WE IDENTIFIED KEY EPIGENETIC TOXICANTS. THE SIGNIFICANT ENRICHMENT OF SPECIFIC X-CHROMOSOME SITES IN MALES IMPLIES POTENTIAL SEX-SPECIFIC EPIGENOME RESPONSES TO PRENATAL CHEMICAL EXPOSURES. 2018 17 6835 22 [INFLUENCE OF AGE OF PATIENTS WITH BRONCHOPULMONARY PATHOLOGY ON LOW-MOLECULAR DNA CONCENTRATION IN BLOOD PLASMA.]. THE AIM OF THE WORK WAS TO DETERMINE THE CONCENTRATION OF LOW-MOLECULAR-WEIGHT PLASMA DNA (LMDNA) IN PATIENTS WITH COPD AND CHRONIC NON-OBSTRUCTIVE BRONCHITIS (CNONB) OF TWO AGE GROUPS - 34-59 AND 60-80 YEARS. THE LEVELS OF LMDNA IN HEALTHY DONORS, PATIENTS WITH CNONB, HEALTHY RELATIVES OF PATIENTS WITH COPD DID NOT DIFFER, WHILE THE CONCENTRATION OF LMDNA IN PATIENTS WITH COPD WAS SIGNIFICANTLY LOWER. IN COPD PATIENTS AGED 34-59 YEARS, THE LEVEL OF LMDNA WAS REDUCED BY MORE THAN 7 TIMES, AND IN COPD PATIENTS WHO SURVIVED TO 60-80 YEARS, IT WAS 3 TIMES LOWER COMPARED TO THE VALUE OF THIS BIOCHEMICAL INDICATOR IN HEALTHY DONORS OF THE SAME AGE. THE REDUCTION OF LMDNA REFLECTED A REDUCED SYSTEMIC APOPTOTIC ACTIVITY IN THE BODY OF PATIENTS WITH COPD. A SIGNIFICANT DIFFERENCE IN THE CONCENTRATION OF LMDNA IN PATIENTS WITH COPD AND CNONB IN REMISSION CAN BE USED FOR DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS OF THE DEVELOPMENT OF THESE PATHOLOGICAL PROCESSES. AN INCREASE IN THE LOW LEVEL OF LMDNA IN COPD PATIENTS DURING AGING MAY INDICATE THE INVOLVEMENT OF EPIGENETIC MECHANISMS IN LIFE EXTENSION. 2022 18 1423 46 DIFFERENTIAL DNA METHYLATION IN MONOZYGOTIC TWINS DISCORDANT FOR FEMALE SEXUAL FUNCTIONING. BACKGROUND: RESEARCH HAS REPEATEDLY SUGGESTED GENETIC AND ENVIRONMENTAL FACTORS IN THE ETIOLOGY UNDERLYING FEMALE SEXUAL DYSFUNCTION (FSD). BECAUSE SEXUAL FUNCTIONING IS A HIGHLY VARIABLE TRAIT, EPIGENETICS COULD PROVIDE A PROMISING APPROACH TO TACKLE THE ORIGINS OF FSD AND CONSEQUENTLY OFFER A STEP-CHANGE IN OUR UNDERSTANDING OF THESE PROBLEMS. AIM: TO IDENTIFY DIFFERENTIALLY METHYLATED CPG POSITIONS FOR SEXUAL FUNCTIONING IN A SAMPLE OF MONOZYGOTIC TWIN PAIRS DISCORDANT FOR SEXUAL FUNCTIONING. METHODS: THE SAMPLE CONSISTED OF 33 TRAIT-DISCORDANT MONOZYGOTIC TWIN PAIRS (MEAN AGE = 54.1 YEARS, SD = 9.05) FROM THE TWINS UK REGISTRY. PHENOTYPIC DATA ON SEXUAL DESIRE, AROUSAL, LUBRICATION, ORGASM, SATISFACTION, AND PAIN WERE COLLECTED USING THE FEMALE SEXUAL FUNCTION INDEX-LIFELONG (FSFI-LL). THE ILLUMINA INFINIUM HUMANMETHYLATION 450 DNA BEADCHIP WAS USED FOR EPIGENOME-WIDE ANALYSES OF DNA METHYLATION IN WHOLE-BLOOD SAMPLES. OUTCOMES: COMPARISON OF DNA METHYLATION PATTERNS ASSOCIATED WITH THE FSFI-LL TOTAL SCORE AND ITS SIX SUBDOMAINS. RESULTS: TWO DIFFERENTIALLY METHYLATED CPG POSITIONS (CG09580409 AND CG14734994) REACHING EXPERIMENT-WIDE STATISTICAL SIGNIFICANCE WERE FOUND FOR OVERALL SEXUAL FUNCTIONING, MAPPING TO MGC45800 AND THE THREONINE SYNTHASE-LIKE 2 GENE (THNSL2), RESPECTIVELY. FURTHERMORE, POTENTIAL BIOLOGICALLY RELEVANT CANDIDATES FOR SEXUAL DESIRE (CUB AND ZONA PELLUCIDA-LIKE DOMAINS 1, CUZD1) AND SATISFACTION (SOLUTE CARRIER FAMILY 6 MEMBER 19, SLC6A19) WERE IDENTIFIED. CLINICAL TRANSLATION: THNSL2 AND SLC6A19, WHICH HAVE BEEN LINKED TO WEIGHT AND ADIPOSITY, MIGHT REPRESENT NOVEL CANDIDATES FOR SEXUAL PROBLEMS IN WOMEN. STRENGTHS AND LIMITATIONS: THIS IS THE FIRST STUDY TO INVESTIGATE EPIGENETIC MECHANISMS UNDERLYING FSD. THE STUDY USED A RELATIVE SMALL SAMPLE OF MONOZYGOTIC FEMALE TWINS. THE CUTOFF TO DETERMINE DISCORDANCE IN SEXUAL PROBLEMS WAS CHOSEN BASED ON A 10% FSFI SCORE DIFFERENCE. THEREFORE, THE RESULTS HAVE TO BE INTERPRETED WITH CAUTION AND NEED REPLICATION IN LARGER CLINICAL SAMPLES. CONCLUSION: UNDERSTANDING HOW GENES AND ENVIRONMENT INTERACT TO INFLUENCE OUR SEXUALITY MIGHT INFORM CLINICAL PRACTICE AND LEAD TO NEW TREATMENTS FOR WOMEN EXPERIENCING FSD. BURRI A, LEUPIN M, SPECTOR T, MARINOVA Z. DIFFERENTIAL DNA METHYLATION IN MONOZYGOTIC TWINS DISCORDANT FOR FEMALE SEXUAL FUNCTIONING. J SEX MED 2017;14:1357-1364. 2017 19 3753 35 INTEGRATED ANALYSIS OF GENE EXPRESSION AND METHYLATION DATA TO IDENTIFY POTENTIAL BIOMARKERS RELATED TO ATHEROSCLEROSIS ONSET. ATHEROSCLEROSIS IS A KIND OF CHRONIC INFLAMMATORY CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE. EPIGENETIC REGULATION PLAYS A CRUCIAL ROLE IN ATHEROSCLEROSIS. OUR STUDY WAS AIMED AT FINDING POTENTIAL BIOMARKERS ASSOCIATED WITH THE OCCURRENCE OF ATHEROSCLEROSIS. TWO DATASETS WERE DOWNLOADED FROM THE GENE EXPRESSION OMNIBUS (GEO) DATABASE. THE EPIGENOME-WIDE ASSOCIATION STUDY (EWAS) ANALYSIS WAS PERFORMED ON METHYLATION DATA USING CPGASSOC PACKAGE. THE DIFFERENTIAL EXPRESSION ANALYSIS WAS CONDUCTED ON MRNA DATA USING LIMMA PACKAGE. THE GO (GENE ONTOLOGY) AND KEGG (KYOTO ENCYCLOPEDIA OF GENES AND GENOMES) FUNCTIONAL ENRICHMENT WAS DONE IN CLUSTERPROFILER PACKAGE. FINALLY, THE LOGISTIC REGRESSION MODEL WAS CONSTRUCTED USING GENERALIZED LINEAR MODEL (GLM) FUNCTION. BETWEEN ATHEROSCLEROTIC VS. NONATHEROSCLEROTIC SAMPLES, TOTALLY 4980 CYTOSINE-PHOSPHATE-GUANINE (CPG) SITES (ANNOTATED TO 2860 GENES) AND 132 DIFFERENTIALLY EXPRESSED GENES (DEGS) RELATED TO ATHEROSCLEROSIS WERE IDENTIFIED. THE ANNOTATED 2860 GENES AND 132 DEGS WERE SIGNIFICANTLY ENRICHED IN 9 AND 4 KEGG PATHWAYS AND 289 AND 132 GO TERMS, RESPECTIVELY. AFTER CROSS-ANALYSIS, 6 CRUCIAL CPG SITES WERE SCREENED TO BUILD THE MODEL, INCLUDING CG01187920, CG03422911, CG08018825, CG10967350, CG14473924, AND CG25313204. THE DIAGNOSTIC MODEL COULD RELIABLY SEPARATE THE ATHEROSCLEROSIS SAMPLES FROM NONATHEROSCLEROTIC SAMPLES. IN CONCLUSION, THE 6 CPG SITES ARE PROBABLY POTENTIAL DIAGNOSTIC BIOMARKERS FOR ATHEROSCLEROSIS, INCLUDING CG01187920, CG03422911, CG08018825, CG10967350, CG14473924, AND CG25313204. 2022 20 117 33 A STUDY ON NUTRITIONAL STATUS AND TOOTH CROWN SIZE AMONG 6-9-YEAR-OLD CHILDREN: AN OBSERVATIONAL CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY. BACKGROUND: NUMEROUS FACTORS CONTRIBUTE TO VARIATION IN TOOTH SIZE. THIS IS BROADLY DESCRIBED AS GENETIC, EPIGENETIC, AND ENVIRONMENTAL FACTORS. A STRONG GENETIC CONTRIBUTION HAS BEEN SHOWN, BUT ENVIRONMENTAL FACTORS MAY ALSO PLAY A ROLE. AIM: THE AIM OF THIS STUDY WAS TO DETERMINE THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN NUTRITIONAL STATUS AND TOOTH CROWN SIZE. DESIGN: AN OBSERVATIONAL CROSS-SECTIONAL SURVEY WAS CONDUCTED AMONG 100 SCHOOL-GOING CHILDREN OF 6-9 YEARS. THE VALUE OBTAINED WAS PLOTTED ON AGE- AND GENDER-SPECIFIC PERCENTILE CURVES CHART GIVEN BY THE CENTERS FOR DISEASE CONTROL AND PREVENTION; INDIVIDUALS WERE CATEGORIZED BASED ON BODY MASS INDEX CRITERIA. THE PARTICIPANTS WERE EXAMINED FOR THE MESIODISTAL WIDTH OF PRIMARY SECOND MOLAR AND PERMANENT FIRST MOLAR BY THREE DIFFERENT OBSERVERS USING A VERNIER CALIPER. DATA OBTAINED WERE STATISTICALLY ANALYZED. RESULTS: TOTAL OF 45, 40, AND 15 BELONGED TO UNDERWEIGHT, NORMAL, AND OVERWEIGHT CATEGORY, RESPECTIVELY. THE TOOTH SIZE OF PRIMARY MOLAR BETWEEN HEALTHY, OVERWEIGHT, AND UNDERWEIGHT CHILDREN WAS 9.87 +/- 0.23, 9.47 +/- 0.48, AND 9.61 +/- 0.7, RESPECTIVELY, AND FOR PERMANENT MOLAR BETWEEN HEALTHY, OVERWEIGHT, AND UNDERWEIGHT CHILDREN WAS 10.63 +/- 0.2, 10.56 +/- 0.5, AND 10.57 +/- 0.6, RESPECTIVELY. CONCLUSION: THE CORRELATION BETWEEN TOOTH CROWN SIZE WITH AN EXOGENOUS CHRONIC STRESSOR, I.E., MALNUTRITION, WAS FOUND TO BE NONSIGNIFICANT WHEN COMPARED WITH THE HEALTHY INDIVIDUALS. THE FINDINGS INDICATE THAT NUTRITIONAL STATUS DOES NOT SIGNIFICANTLY INFLUENCE THE DETERMINATION OF TOOTH SIZE IN HUMANS. 2016