1 1452 130 DISCORDANT INTESTINAL MALROTATION IN ADULT MONOZYGOTIC TWINS DISCOVERED INCIDENTALLY DURING LAPAROSCOPIC GASTRIC BYPASS: A CASE REPORT AND REVIEW OF THE LITERATURE. INTRODUCTION AND IMPORTANCE: INTESTINAL MALROTATION IS AN UNCOMMON ENTITY IN THE ADULT POPULATION; MORE SO IN MONOZYGOTIC TWINS, WHERE CONCORDANCE IS EXPECTED. IN LITERATURE, DISCORDANT INTESTINAL MALROTATION HAS ONLY BEEN DISCOVERED WHEN ONE TWIN BECAME SYMPTOMATIC, AND THE OTHER WAS SCREENED. TO THE BEST OF OUR KNOWLEDGE, THIS IS THE FIRST DOCUMENTED CASE OF DISCORDANT ADULT TYPE INTESTINAL MALROTATION IN OTHERWISE ASYMPTOMATIC MONOZYGOTIC TWINS DISCOVERED INCIDENTALLY DURING LAPAROSCOPIC ROUX-EN-Y GASTRIC BYPASS (LRYGB). CASE PRESENTATION: TWINS A AND B MET THE NIH CRITERIA FOR BARIATRIC SURGERY, NEITHER HAVING SYMPTOMS OF ACUTE OR CHRONIC VOLVULUS OR HISTORY OF INTRAABDOMINAL SURGERY. TWIN A HAD A LRYGB PERFORMED BY A TRAINED BARIATRIC SURGEON, NOTING NO ANATOMIC ANOMALIES. 5 MONTHS LATER, TWIN B HAD LRYGB AND INTESTINAL MALROTATION WAS DIAGNOSED INCIDENTALLY. CLINICAL DISCUSSION: DIAGNOSIS OF INTESTINAL MALROTATION IS RARE IN ADULTS, USUALLY DISCOVERED AFTER BECOMING SYMPTOMATIC OR DURING ABDOMINAL IMAGING FOR ANOTHER INDICATION. TWO CASES OF DISCORDANT INTESTINAL MALROTATION IN MONOZYGOTIC TWINS HAVE BEEN DOCUMENTED, BOTH DISCOVERED WHEN ONE TWIN BECAME SYMPTOMATIC DUE TO ACUTE VOLVULUS, SUGGESTING EPIGENETIC PHENOMENA. WHEN DISCOVERED INCIDENTALLY DURING SURGERY, PATIENTS CAN SAFELY UNDERGO THEIR INTENDED PROCEDURE, BUT LITERATURE SUGGESTS PROPHYLACTIC DIVISION OF LADD'S BANDS, WHILE APPENDECTOMY IS LEFT TO THE DISCRETION OF THE SURGEON. CONCLUSIONS: INTESTINAL MALROTATION APPEARS TO BE ASSOCIATED WITH EPIGENETIC PHENOMENA AND IF DISCOVERED INCIDENTALLY DURING SURGERY, THE PROPOSED PROCEDURE CAN BE CARRIED OUT BY AN EXPERIENCED SURGEON, IN ADDITION TO DIVISION OF LADD'S BANDS AND APPENDECTOMY.	2022	
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                   
2 4492  32 MONOZYGOTIC TWINS DISCORDANT FOR ROHHAD PHENOTYPE. RAPID-ONSET OBESITY WITH HYPOTHALAMIC DYSFUNCTION, HYPOVENTILATION, AND AUTONOMIC DYSREGULATION (ROHHAD) FALLS WITHIN A GROUP OF PEDIATRIC DISORDERS WITH BOTH RESPIRATORY CONTROL AND AUTONOMIC NERVOUS SYSTEM DYSREGULATION. CHILDREN WITH ROHHAD TYPICALLY PRESENT AFTER 1.5 YEARS OF AGE WITH RAPID WEIGHT GAIN AS THE INITIAL SIGN. SUBSEQUENTLY, THEY DEVELOP ALVEOLAR HYPOVENTILATION, AUTONOMIC NERVOUS SYSTEM DYSREGULATION, AND, IF UNTREATED, CARDIORESPIRATORY ARREST. TO OUR KNOWLEDGE, THIS IS THE FIRST REPORT OF DISCORDANT PRESENTATION OF ROHHAD IN MONOZYGOTIC TWINS. TWIN GIRLS, BORN AT TERM, HAD CONCORDANT GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT UNTIL 8 YEARS OF AGE. FROM 8 TO 12 YEARS OF AGE, THE AFFECTED TWIN DEVELOPED FEATURES CHARACTERISTIC OF ROHHAD INCLUDING OBESITY, ALVEOLAR HYPOVENTILATION, SCOLIOSIS, HYPOTHALAMIC DYSFUNCTION (CENTRAL DIABETES INSIPIDUS, HYPOTHYROIDISM, PREMATURE PUBARCHE, AND GROWTH HORMONE DEFICIENCY), RIGHT PARASPINAL/THORACIC GANGLIONEUROBLASTOMA, SEIZURES, AND AUTONOMIC DYSREGULATION INCLUDING ALTERED PAIN PERCEPTION, LARGE AND SLUGGISHLY REACTIVE PUPILS, HYPOTHERMIA, AND PROFOUND BRADYCARDIA THAT REQUIRED A CARDIAC PACEMAKER. RESULTS OF GENETIC TESTING FOR PHOX2B (CONGENITAL CENTRAL HYPOVENTILATION SYNDROME DISEASE-DEFINING GENE) MUTATIONS WERE NEGATIVE. WITH EARLY RECOGNITION AND CONSERVATIVE MANAGEMENT, THE AFFECTED TWIN HAD EXCELLENT NEUROCOGNITIVE OUTCOME THAT MATCHED THAT OF THE UNAFFECTED TWIN. THE UNAFFECTED TWIN DEMONSTRATED RAPID WEIGHT GAIN LATER IN AGE BUT NOT DEVELOPMENT OF SIGNS/SYMPTOMS CONSISTENT WITH ROHHAD. THIS DISCORDANT TWIN PAIR DEMONSTRATES KEY FEATURES OF ROHHAD INCLUDING THE IMPORTANCE OF EARLY RECOGNITION (ESPECIALLY HYPOVENTILATION), COMPLEXITY OF SIGNS/SYMPTOMS AND CLINICAL COURSE, AND IMPORTANCE OF INITIATING COMPREHENSIVE, MULTISPECIALTY CARE. THESE CASES CONFOUND THE HYPOTHESIS OF A MONOGENIC ETIOLOGY FOR ROHHAD AND INDICATE ALTERNATIVE ETIOLOGIES INCLUDING AUTOIMMUNE OR EPIGENETIC PHENOMENON OR A COMBINATION OF GENETIC PREDISPOSITION AND ACQUIRED PRECIPITANT.	2011	
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    
3  553  16 AUTOINFLAMMATORY RETINOPATHY IN CHRONIC INFANTILE NEUROLOGICAL CUTANEOUS AND ARTICULAR (CINCA) SYNDROME. CHRONIC INFANTILE NEUROLOGICAL CUTANEOUS AND ARTICULAR (CINCA) SYNDROME IS A RARE AUTOSOMAL DOMINANT AUTOINFLAMMATORY DISEASE. WE REPORT THE CASES OF MONOZYGOTIC TWINS WITH CINCA SYNDROME WHOSE PREDOMINANT OCULAR MANIFESTATION WAS INFLAMMATORY ROD-CONE RETINAL DYSTROPHY. ATYPICALLY, THERE WERE SIGNIFICANT DIFFERENCES BETWEEN TWINS IN PHENOTYPE SEVERITY, SUGGESTIVE OF EPIGENETIC DIFFERENCES AND/OR INVOLVEMENT OF ENVIRONMENTAL FACTORS.	2016	
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                           
4 6603  22 TWO SISTERS WITH FAMILIAL MEDITERRANEAN FEVER: LACK OF CORRELATION BETWEEN GENOTYPE AND PHENOTYPE? FAMILIAL MEDITERRANEAN FEVER (FMF) IS AN AUTOSOMAL RECESSIVE DISORDER CHARACTERIZED BY ATTACKS OF FEVER AND SEROSITIS. THE MOST IMPORTANT COMPLICATION OF FMF IS RENAL AMYLOIDOSIS, WHICH DETERMINES THE PROGNOSIS. THE GENE CODING THE DISEASE (MEFV) IS IDENTIFIED ON THE 16TH CHROMOSOME. THE MOST COMMON MEFV MUTATIONS ARE M694V, M680I, V726A AND M694I LOCATED ON EXON 10 AND E148Q LOCATED ON EXON 2. UNFORTUNATELY, GENOTYPE-PHENOTYPE CORRELATION IS NOT WELL ESTABLISHED AND THERE ARE UNEXPLAINED ETHNIC DIFFERENCES IN AMYLOIDOSIS RATES. WE REPORT TWO SISTERS WITH A COMMON GENOTYPE (M694V/M694V) PRESENTING WITH DIFFERENT PHENOTYPIC CHARACTERISTICS: ONE COMPLAINING OF INTERMITTENT ABDOMINAL PAIN, ARTHRITIS AND FEVER, WHILE THE OTHER WAS SUFFERING FROM INTERMITTENT PLEURITIS AND FEVER DURING ATTACKS. THE OBSERVATION OF DIFFERENT PHENOTYPIC PRESENTATIONS WITH A COMMON GENOTYPE IN TWO FAMILY MEMBERS SHOWS THAT DIFFERENT PHENOTYPES CANNOT BE EXPLAINED BY PARTICULAR MUTATIONS. TO UNDERSTAND THE CORRELATION BETWEEN GENOTYPIC AND PHENOTYPIC FMF VARIANTS THE EXISTENCE OF COMPLEX ALLELES, MODIFIER LOCI, GENETIC HETEROGENEITY AND POSSIBLE EPIGENETIC FACTORS SHOULD BE STUDIED EXTENSIVELY.	2006	
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    
5  645  29 BIRTH DEFECTS IN GAZA: PREVALENCE, TYPES, FAMILIARITY AND CORRELATION WITH ENVIRONMENTAL FACTORS. THIS IS THE FIRST REPORT OF REGISTRATION AT BIRTH, AND OF INCIDENCE OF MAJOR STRUCTURAL BIRTH DEFECTS (BD) OBTAINED IN GAZA AT AL SHIFA HOSPITAL, WHERE 28% OF TOTAL BIRTHS IN GAZA STRIP OCCUR. DOCTORS REGISTERED 4,027 DELIVERIES, WITH A PROTOCOL COMPREHENSIVE OF CLINICAL, DEMOGRAPHIC, KIN AND ENVIRONMENTAL QUESTIONS. PREVALENCE OF BD IS 14/1,000, WITHOUT ASSOCIATION WITH INTERMARRIAGE OR GENDER OF THE CHILD. PREVALENCE OF LATE MISCARRIAGES AND STILL BIRTHS ARE RESPECTIVELY 23.3/1,000 AND 7.4/1,000, AND OF PREMATURE BIRTHS 19.6/1,000. COUPLES WITH A BD CHILD HAVE ABOUT 10 TIMES HIGHER FREQUENCY OF RECURRENCE OF A BD IN THEIR PROGENY THAN THOSE WITH NORMAL CHILDREN, BUT NONE OF THEIR 694 SIBLINGS AND ONLY 10/1,000 OF THEIR 1,423 PROGENY HAD BD, SIMILAR TO THE FREQUENCY IN GENERAL POPULATION. THESE DATA SUGGEST OCCURRENCE OF NOVEL GENETIC AND EPIGENETIC EVENTS IN DETERMINATION OF BD. CHILDREN WITH BD WERE BORN WITH HIGHER FREQUENCY (P < 0 001) IN FAMILIES WHERE ONE OR BOTH PARENTS WERE UNDER "WHITE PHOSPHORUS" ATTACK, THAT IN THE GENERAL POPULATION. BOMBING OF THE FAMILY HOME AND REMOVAL OF THE RUBBLE WERE ALSO FREQUENTLY REPORTED BY COUPLES WITH BD OCCURRENCE. THESE DATA SUGGESTS A CAUSATIVE/FAVORING ROLE OF ACUTE EXPOSURE OF PARENTS TO THE WEAPONS-ASSOCIATED CONTAMINANTS, AND/OR OF THEIR CHRONIC EXPOSURE FROM THEIR PERSISTENCE IN THE ENVIRONMENT ON THE EMBRYONIC DEVELOPMENT OF THEIR CHILDREN.	2012	
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                 
6 6484  21 TOXICOLOGIC PROFILE OF ACRYLONITRILE. ACRYLONITRILE IS A MONOMER USED EXTENSIVELY AS A RAW MATERIAL IN THE MANUFACTURING OF ACRYLIC FIBERS, PLASTICS, SYNTHETIC RUBBERS, AND ACRYLAMIDE. IT HAS BEEN CLASSIFIED AS A PROBABLE HUMAN CARCINOGEN ACCORDING TO THE RESULTS OF NUMEROUS CHRONIC RAT BIOASSAYS. THE PRESENT REPORT SUMMARIZES THE TOXICITY DATA ON ACRYLONITRILE AND REVIEWS AVAILABLE DATA CONCERNING THE MECHANISM (GENETIC VERSUS EPIGENETIC) BY WHICH ACRYLONITRILE IS CARCINOGENIC IN RATS. FROM THE EVALUATION OF THE RELEVANT TOXICITY DATA, IT CAN BE CONCLUDED THAT ACRYLONITRILE IS INDEED CARCINOGENIC TO RATS AFTER EITHER ORAL OR INHALATIONAL EXPOSURE. HOWEVER, INFORMATION ON OTHER MAMMALIAN SPECIES IS LACKING, AND, MOREOVER, THE EXACT MECHANISM OF THE CARCINOGENIC PROCESS IS UNCLEAR. THEREFORE, IT IS RECOMMENDED TO CONDUCT AN ADDITIONAL LONG-TERM INHALATION CARCINOGENICITY STUDY WITH ACRYLONITRILE IN MICE, AS WELL AS STUDIES INTO THE MECHANISM BY WHICH ACRYLONITRILE INDUCES (BRAIN) TUMORS IN RATS (GENETIC VERSUS EPIGENETIC).	1998	
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            
7 3883  25 KEY CHARACTERISTICS OF CARCINOGENS AS A BASIS FOR ORGANIZING DATA ON MECHANISMS OF CARCINOGENESIS. BACKGROUND: A RECENT REVIEW BY THE INTERNATIONAL AGENCY FOR RESEARCH ON CANCER (IARC) UPDATED THE ASSESSMENTS OF THE > 100 AGENTS CLASSIFIED AS GROUP 1, CARCINOGENIC TO HUMANS (IARC MONOGRAPHS VOLUME 100, PARTS A-F). THIS EXERCISE WAS COMPLICATED BY THE ABSENCE OF A BROADLY ACCEPTED, SYSTEMATIC METHOD FOR EVALUATING MECHANISTIC DATA TO SUPPORT CONCLUSIONS REGARDING HUMAN HAZARD FROM EXPOSURE TO CARCINOGENS. OBJECTIVES AND METHODS: IARC THEREFORE CONVENED TWO WORKSHOPS IN WHICH AN INTERNATIONAL WORKING GROUP OF EXPERTS IDENTIFIED 10 KEY CHARACTERISTICS, ONE OR MORE OF WHICH ARE COMMONLY EXHIBITED BY ESTABLISHED HUMAN CARCINOGENS. DISCUSSION: THESE CHARACTERISTICS PROVIDE THE BASIS FOR AN OBJECTIVE APPROACH TO IDENTIFYING AND ORGANIZING RESULTS FROM PERTINENT MECHANISTIC STUDIES. THE 10 CHARACTERISTICS ARE THE ABILITIES OF AN AGENT TO 1) ACT AS AN ELECTROPHILE EITHER DIRECTLY OR AFTER METABOLIC ACTIVATION; 2) BE GENOTOXIC; 3) ALTER DNA REPAIR OR CAUSE GENOMIC INSTABILITY; 4) INDUCE EPIGENETIC ALTERATIONS; 5) INDUCE OXIDATIVE STRESS; 6) INDUCE CHRONIC INFLAMMATION; 7) BE IMMUNOSUPPRESSIVE; 8) MODULATE RECEPTOR-MEDIATED EFFECTS; 9) CAUSE IMMORTALIZATION; AND 10) ALTER CELL PROLIFERATION, CELL DEATH, OR NUTRIENT SUPPLY. CONCLUSION: WE DESCRIBE THE USE OF THE 10 KEY CHARACTERISTICS TO CONDUCT A SYSTEMATIC LITERATURE SEARCH FOCUSED ON RELEVANT END POINTS AND CONSTRUCT A GRAPHICAL REPRESENTATION OF THE IDENTIFIED MECHANISTIC INFORMATION. NEXT, WE USE BENZENE AND POLYCHLORINATED BIPHENYLS AS EXAMPLES TO ILLUSTRATE HOW THIS APPROACH MAY WORK IN PRACTICE. THE APPROACH DESCRIBED IS SIMILAR IN MANY RESPECTS TO THOSE CURRENTLY BEING IMPLEMENTED BY THE U.S. EPA'S INTEGRATED RISK INFORMATION SYSTEM PROGRAM AND THE U.S. NATIONAL TOXICOLOGY PROGRAM. CITATION: SMITH MT, GUYTON KZ, GIBBONS CF, FRITZ JM, PORTIER CJ, RUSYN I, DEMARINI DM, CALDWELL JC, KAVLOCK RJ, LAMBERT P, HECHT SS, BUCHER JR, STEWART BW, BAAN R, COGLIANO VJ, STRAIF K. 2016. KEY CHARACTERISTICS OF CARCINOGENS AS A BASIS FOR ORGANIZING DATA ON MECHANISMS OF CARCINOGENESIS. ENVIRON HEALTH PERSPECT 124:713-721; HTTP://DX.DOI.ORG/10.1289/EHP.1509912.	2016	
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                     
8 3381  24 HLA AND AUTOIMMUNE DISEASES: TYPE 1 DIABETES (T1D) AS AN EXAMPLE. AUTOIMMUNE DISEASES NEED TO BE CONSIDERED AT A GENETIC AND MECHANISTIC LEVEL. T1D IS AN AUTOIMMUNE, CHRONIC, MULTIFACTORIAL AND POLYGENIC DISEASE CHARACTERIZED BY THE DESTRUCTION OF THE PANCREATIC BETA-CELLS ASSOCIATED WITH LONG TERM DYSFUNCTION OF SEVERAL ORGANS AND TISSUES. MECHANISMS OF SUSCEPTIBILITY INCLUDE EPI-GENETIC AND POST-TRANSCRIPTIONAL EFFECTS THAT REGULATE TRANSMISSION AND EXPRESSION OF THE INHERITED GENES. THE HLA COMPLEX, CONSTITUTES THE MOST RELEVANT REGION CONTRIBUTING 50% OF THE INHERITED RISK FOR T1D. AN ADDITIONAL 17 GENES WITH VARIABLE BUT SMALL EFFECTS HAVE BEEN DESCRIBED. IN NON-CAUCASIANS, THE PRESENCE OF E-DRBETA1-74 AND/OR D-DRBETA1-57 ARE RELEVANT IN PREDISPOSITION. THE "DIABETOGENIC HAPLOTYPES" IN MEXICANS WERE DRB1*0301-DQA1*0501-DQB1*0201 (OR = 21.4); DRB1*0405-DQA1-*0301-DQB1*0302 (OR = 44.5) AND THE SAME DQA1/DQB1 WITH DRB1*0404/*0401 CONFERRING LOWER RISK, INCREASING (OR = 61.3) WITH AN EARLY AGE AT ONSET AND A HETEROZYGOTE DR3/DR4 GENOTYPE. IN MOST POPULATIONS, THE ABSENCE OF D-57 AND THE PRESENCE OF R-52 ARE IMPORTANT TO THE SUSCEPTIBILITY, BUT IN HISPANICS, ALL DR4S (INCLUDING THE PROTECTIVE DRB1*0403/*0407/*0411) ARE IN LINKAGE DISEQUILIBRIUM WITH DQA1/DQB1 SUSCEPTIBILITY ALLELES. THUS, SUSCEPTIBILITY ALLELES IN LATIN AMERICAN MESTIZOS ARE OF MEDITERRANEAN ANCESTRY WHEREAS PROTECTIVE ALLELES ARE OF AMERINDIAN ORIGIN. IN THIS REVIEW, WE DISCUSS THE COMPLEXITY OF T1D AND SOME ASPECTS OF PREVENTION/INTERVENTION BASED ON IMMUNOGENETICS.	2006	
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                 
9 6351  28 THE ROLE OF EPIGENOMICS IN MAPPING POTENTIAL PRECURSORS FOR FOOT AND ANKLE TENDINOPATHY: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW. TENDINOPATHY OF THE FOOT AND ANKLE IS A COMMON CLINICAL PROBLEM FOR WHICH THE EXACT ETIOLOGY IS POORLY UNDERSTOOD. THE FIELD OF EPIGENETICS HAS BEEN A RECENT FOCUS OF THIS INVESTIGATION. THE PURPOSE OF THIS ARTICLE WAS TO REVIEW THE GENOMIC ADVANCES IN FOOT AND ANKLE TENDINOPATHY THAT COULD POTENTIALLY BE USED TO STRATIFY DISEASE RISK AND CREATE PREVENTATIVE OR THERAPEUTIC AGENTS. A MULTI-DATABASE SEARCH OF PUBMED, COCHRANE, GOOGLE SCHOLAR, AND CLINICALTRIALS.GOV FROM JANUARY 1, 2000 TO JULY 1, 2022 WAS PERFORMED. A TOTAL OF 18 ARTICLES MET INCLUSION AND EXCLUSION CRITERIA FOR THIS REVIEW. THE MAJORITY OF SUCH RESEARCH UTILIZED CASE-CONTROL CANDIDATE GENE ASSOCIATION TO IDENTIFY DIFFERENT GENETIC RISK FACTORS ASSOCIATED WITH CHRONIC TENDINOPATHY. POLYMORPHISMS IN COLLAGEN GENES COL5A1, COL27A1, AND COL1A1 WERE NOTED AT A SIGNIFICANTLY HIGHER FREQUENCY IN ACHILLES TENDINOPATHY VERSUS CONTROL GROUPS. OTHER ALLELIC VARIATIONS THAT WERE OBSERVED AT AN INCREASED INCIDENCE IN ACHILLES TENDINOPATHY WERE TNC AND CASP8. THE EXTRACELLULAR MATRIX (ECM) DEMONSTRATED MACROSCOPIC CHANGES IN ACHILLES TENDINOPATHY, INCLUDING AN INCREASE IN AGGRECAN AND BIGLYCAN MRNA EXPRESSION, AND INCREASED EXPRESSION OF MULTIPLE MATRIX METALLOPROTEINASES. CYTOKINE EXPRESSION WAS ALSO INFLUENCED IN PATHOLOGY AND ABERRANTLY DEMONSTRATED DYNAMIC RESPONSE TO MECHANICAL LOAD. THE PATHOLOGIC ACCUMULATION OF ECM PROTEINS AND CYTOKINE EXPRESSION ALTERS THE ADAPTIVE RESPONSE NORMAL TENDON HAS TO PHYSIOLOGIC STRESS, FURTHER PROPAGATING THE RISK FOR TENDINOPATHY. BY IDENTIFYING AND UNDERSTANDING THE EPIGENETIC MEDIATORS THAT LEAD TO TENDINOPATHY, THERAPEUTIC AGENTS CAN BE DEVELOPED TO TARGET THE EXACT UNDERLYING ETIOLOGY AND MINIMIZE SIDE EFFECTS.LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: LEVEL IV: SYSTEMATIC REVIEW OF LEVEL II-IV STUDIES.	2023	
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              
10 3074  21 GENOME-WIDE DNA METHYLOME AND TRANSCRIPTOME CHANGES INDUCED BY INORGANIC NANOPARTICLES IN HUMAN KIDNEY CELLS AFTER CHRONIC EXPOSURE. THE UNIQUE PHYSICOCHEMICAL PROPERTIES MAKE INORGANIC NANOPARTICLES (INPS) AN EXCITING TOOL IN DIAGNOSIS AND DISEASE MANAGEMENT. HOWEVER, AS INPS ARE RELATIVELY DIFFICULT TO FULLY DEGRADE AND EXCRETE, THEIR UNINTENDED ACCUMULATION IN THE TISSUE MIGHT RESULT IN ADVERSE HEALTH EFFECTS. HEREIN, WE PROVIDE A METHYLOME-TRANSCRIPTOME FRAMEWORK FOR CHRONIC EFFECTS OF INPS, COMMONLY USED IN BIOMEDICAL APPLICATIONS, IN HUMAN KIDNEY TH-1 CELLS. RENAL CLEARANCE IS ONE OF THE MOST IMPORTANT ROUTES OF NANOPARTICLE EXCRETION; THEREFORE, A DETAILED EVALUATION OF NANOPARTICLE-MEDIATED NEPHROTOXICITY IS AN IMPORTANT TASK. INTEGRATED ANALYSIS OF METHYLOME AND TRANSCRIPTOME CHANGES INDUCED BY INPS (PEG-AUNPS, FE(3)O(4)NPS, SIO(2)NPS, AND TIO(2)NPS) REVEALED SIGNIFICANTLY DEREGULATED GENES WITH FUNCTIONAL CLASSIFICATION IN IMMUNE RESPONSE, DNA DAMAGE, AND CANCER-RELATED PATHWAYS. ALTHOUGH MOST DEREGULATED GENES WERE UNIQUE TO INDIVIDUAL INPS, A RELATIVELY HIGH PROPORTION OF THEM ENCODED THE TRANSCRIPTION FACTORS. INTERESTINGLY, FOS HYPERMETHYLATION INVERSELY CORRELATING WITH GENE EXPRESSION WAS ASSOCIATED WITH ALL INPS EXPOSURES. OUR STUDY EMPHASIZES THE NEED FOR A MORE COMPREHENSIVE INVESTIGATION OF INPS' BIOLOGICAL SAFETY, ESPECIALLY AFTER CHRONIC EXPOSURE.	2022	
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                         
11 5353  29 RE-EVALUATION OF POLIHEXANIDE USE IN WOUND ANTISEPSIS IN ORDER TO CLARIFY AMBIGUITIES OF TWO ANIMAL STUDIES. OBJECTIVE: DUE TO CLASSIFICATION OF THE AGENT POLIHEXANIDE (PHMB) IN CATEGORY 2 'MAY CAUSE CANCER' BY THE COMMITTEE FOR RISK ASSESSMENT OF THE EUROPEAN CHEMICALS AGENCY IN 2011, THE USERS OF WOUND ANTISEPTICS MAY BE HIGHLY CONFUSED. IN 2017, THIS STATEMENT WAS UPDATED, DEFINING PHMB UP TO 0.1% AS A PRESERVATIVE SAFE IN ALL COSMETIC PRODUCTS. IN THE INTEREST OF PATIENT SAFETY, A SCIENTIFIC CLARIFICATION OF THE POTENTIAL CARCINOGENICITY OF PHMB IS NECESSARY. METHODS: A MULTIDISCIPLINARY TEAM (MDT) OF MICROBIOLOGISTS, SURGEONS, DERMATOLOGISTS AND BIOCHEMISTS CONDUCTED A BENEFIT-RISK ASSESSMENT TO CLARIFY THE HAZARD OF ANTISEPTIC USE OF PHMB. RESULTS: IN TWO ANIMAL STUDIES, FROM WHICH THE ASSESSMENT OF A CARCINOGENIC RISK WAS DERIVED, PHMB WAS ADMINISTERED ORALLY OVER TWO YEARS IN EXTREMELY HIGH CONCENTRATIONS FAR ABOVE THE NO(A)EL (NO-OBSERVED-(ADVERSE-) EFFECT LEVEL) IN RATS AND MICE. FEEDING IN THE NO(A)EL RANGE RESULTED IN NO ABNORMAL EFFECTS. IN ONE MALE IN THE HIGHEST DOSE GROUP OF 4000PPM PHMB, AN ADENOCARCINOMA WAS FOUND, WHICH THE AUTHOR ATTRIBUTED TO CHRONIC INFLAMMATION OF THE COLON WITH SYSTEMIC ATYPICAL EXPOSURE. THE INCREASING INCIDENCE OF HEMANGIOSARCOMAS HIGHLY PROBABLY RESULTED FROM INCREASED ENDOTHELIAL PROLIFERATION, TRIGGERED BY THE EXCEEDINGLY HIGH DOSAGE FED, BECAUSE PHMB IS NOT GENOTOXIC AND THERE IS NO EVIDENCE FOR EPIGENETIC EFFECTS. DISCUSSION: IT IS WELL KNOWN THAT PHMB IS NOT ABSORBED WHEN APPLIED TOPICALLY. CONSIDERING THE ABSENCE OF GENOTOXICITY AND EPIGENETIC EFFECTS TOGETHER WITH THE INTERPRETATION OF THE ANIMAL STUDIES, IT IS THE CONSENSUS OF THE MULTIDISCIPLINARY EXPERTS THAT A CARCINOGENIC RISK FROM PHMB-USE FOR WOUND ANTISEPSIS CAN BE RULED OUT. CONCLUSION: ON THIS BASIS AND CONSIDERING THEIR EFFECTIVENESS, TOLERABILITY AND CLINICAL EVIDENCE, THE INDICATIONS FOR PHMB BASED WOUND ANTISEPTICS ARE JUSTIFIED.	2019	
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                               
12 6911  18 [TWO GERMAN BIRTH COHORTS: GINIPLUS AND LISAPLUS]. NUMEROUS CHRONIC DISEASES IN CHILDHOOD AND ADULTHOOD HAVE THEIR ORIGINS IN PERINATAL LIFE AND ARE POTENTIALLY INFLUENCED BY TRANS-GENERATIONAL EPIGENETIC PROCESSES. THEREFORE, PROSPECTIVE BIRTH COHORTS CAN SUBSTANTIALLY CONTRIBUTE TO OUR KNOWLEDGE ABOUT THE ETIOLOGY OF DISEASES INCLUDING MODIFIABLE RISK FACTORS. THE TWO POPULATION-BASED GERMAN BIRTH COHORTS GINIPLUS AND LISAPLUS AIM TO DESCRIBE THE NATURAL COURSE OF CHRONIC DISEASES AND INTERMEDIATE PHENOTYPES IN CHILDHOOD AND ITS DETERMINANTS, AND TO IDENTIFY POTENTIAL GENETIC EFFECT MODIFICATIONS. IN THE MID-1990S, 5,991 (GINIPLUS) AND 3,097 (LISAPLUS) HEALTHY, TERM NEWBORNS WERE RECRUITED FOR LONG-TERM FOLLOW-UP IN FOUR REGIONS OF GERMANY. THE FOLLOW-UP RATE FOR THE FIRST 10 YEARS WAS ABOUT 55%. WE ANALYZED THE GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT OF OVERWEIGHT, INFECTIONS AND ALLERGIC DISEASES, MENTAL AND ORAL HEALTH, METABOLIC AND INFLAMMATORY PARAMETERS AND THE ROLE OF POTENTIAL RISK FACTORS INCLUDING GENETICS. THE RESULTS OF THESE TWO BIRTH COHORTS SUBSTANTIALLY CONTRIBUTE TO THE CURRENT KNOWLEDGE ABOUT THE NATURAL COURSE OF THESE HEALTH PARAMETERS. THESE DATA WERE INCLUDED IN MANY INTERNATIONAL PROJECTS AND CONSORTIA FOR PURPOSES OF INTERNATIONAL COMPARISONS OF PREVALENCE AND CONSISTENCY OF FINDINGS, AND TO INCREASE THE POWER OF THE ANALYSES.	2012	
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          
13 6490  24 TRACING SLOW PHENOPTOSIS TO THE PRENATAL STAGE IN SOCIAL VERTEBRATES. VLADIMIR SKULACHEV'S COINING OF THE TERM "PHENOPTOSIS" 25 YEARS AGO (SKULACHEV, V. P., BIOCHEMISTRY (MOSCOW), 62, 1997) HIGHLIGHTED THE THEORETICAL POSSIBILITY THAT AGING IS A PROGRAMMED PROCESS TO SPEED THE EXIT OF INDIVIDUALS POSING SOME DANGER TO THEIR SOCIAL GROUP. WHILE RAPID "ACUTE PHENOPTOSIS" MIGHT OCCUR AT ANY AGE (E.G., TO PREVENT SPREAD OF DEADLY INFECTIONS), "SLOW PHENOPTOSIS" IS GENERALLY CONSIDERED TO OCCUR LATER IN LIFE IN THE FORM OF CHRONIC AGE-RELATED DISORDERS. HOWEVER, RECENT RESEARCH INDICATES THAT RISKS FOR SUCH CHRONIC DISORDERS CAN BE GREATLY RAISED BY EARLY LIFE ADVERSITY, ESPECIALLY DURING THE PRENATAL STAGE. MUCH OF THIS RESEARCH USES INDICATORS OF BIOLOGICAL AGING, THE SPEEDING OR SLOWING OF NATURAL PHYSIOLOGICAL DETERIORATION IN RESPONSE TO ENVIRONMENTAL INPUTS, LEADING TO DIVERGENCE FROM CHRONOLOGICAL AGE. STUDIES USING BIOLOGICAL AGING INDICATORS COMMONLY FIND IT IS ACCELERATED NOT ONLY IN OLDER INDIVIDUALS WITH CHRONIC DISORDERS, BUT ALSO IN VERY YOUNG INDIVIDUALS WITH HEALTH PROBLEMS. THIS REVIEW WILL EXPLAIN HOW ACCELERATED BIOLOGICAL AGING EQUATES TO SLOW PHENOPTOSIS. ITS OCCURRENCE EVEN IN THE PRENATAL STAGE IS THEORETICALLY SUPPORTED BY W. D. HAMILTON'S PROPOSAL THAT OFFSPRINGS DETECTING THEY HAVE DANGEROUS MUTATIONS SHOULD THEN AUTOMATICALLY SPEED THEIR DEMISE, IN ORDER TO IMPROVE THEIR INCLUSIVE FITNESS BY GIVING THEIR PARENTS THE CHANCE TO PRODUCE OTHER FITTER SIBLINGS.	2022	
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          
14 3899  27 LATE NEUROLOGICAL CONSEQUENCES OF ZIKA VIRUS INFECTION: RISK FACTORS AND PHARMACEUTICAL APPROACHES. ZIKA VIRUS (ZIKV) INFECTION WAS HISTORICALLY CONSIDERED A DISEASE WITH MILD SYMPTOMS AND NO MAJOR CONSEQUENCES TO HUMAN HEALTH. HOWEVER, SEVERAL LONG-TERM, LATE ONSET, AND CHRONIC NEUROLOGICAL COMPLICATIONS, BOTH IN CONGENITALLY-EXPOSED BABIES AND IN ADULT PATIENTS, HAVE BEEN REPORTED AFTER ZIKV INFECTION, ESPECIALLY AFTER THE 2015 EPIDEMICS IN THE AMERICAN CONTINENT. THE DEVELOPMENT OR SEVERITY OF THESE CONDITIONS CANNOT BE FULLY PREDICTED, BUT IT IS POSSIBLE THAT GENETIC, EPIGENETIC, AND ENVIRONMENTAL FACTORS MAY CONTRIBUTE TO DETERMINE ZIKV INFECTION OUTCOMES. THIS REINFORCES THE IMPORTANCE THAT INDIVIDUALS EXPOSED TO ZIKV ARE SUBMITTED TO LONG-TERM CLINICAL SURVEILLANCE AND HIGHLIGHTS THE URGENT NEED FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF THERAPEUTIC APPROACHES TO REDUCE OR ELIMINATE THE NEUROLOGICAL BURDEN OF INFECTION. HERE, WE REVIEW THE EPIDEMIOLOGY OF ZIKV-ASSOCIATED NEUROLOGICAL COMPLICATIONS AND THE ROLE OF FACTORS THAT MAY INFLUENCE DISEASE OUTCOME. MOREOVER, WE DISCUSS EXPERIMENTAL AND CLINICAL EVIDENCE OF DRUGS THAT HAVE SHOWN PROMISING RESULTS IN VITRO OR IN VITRO AGAINST VIRAL REPLICATION AND AND/OR ZIKV-INDUCED NEUROTOXICITY.	2019	
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            
15 1423  28 DIFFERENTIAL DNA METHYLATION IN MONOZYGOTIC TWINS DISCORDANT FOR FEMALE SEXUAL FUNCTIONING. BACKGROUND: RESEARCH HAS REPEATEDLY SUGGESTED GENETIC AND ENVIRONMENTAL FACTORS IN THE ETIOLOGY UNDERLYING FEMALE SEXUAL DYSFUNCTION (FSD). BECAUSE SEXUAL FUNCTIONING IS A HIGHLY VARIABLE TRAIT, EPIGENETICS COULD PROVIDE A PROMISING APPROACH TO TACKLE THE ORIGINS OF FSD AND CONSEQUENTLY OFFER A STEP-CHANGE IN OUR UNDERSTANDING OF THESE PROBLEMS. AIM: TO IDENTIFY DIFFERENTIALLY METHYLATED CPG POSITIONS FOR SEXUAL FUNCTIONING IN A SAMPLE OF MONOZYGOTIC TWIN PAIRS DISCORDANT FOR SEXUAL FUNCTIONING. METHODS: THE SAMPLE CONSISTED OF 33 TRAIT-DISCORDANT MONOZYGOTIC TWIN PAIRS (MEAN AGE = 54.1 YEARS, SD = 9.05) FROM THE TWINS UK REGISTRY. PHENOTYPIC DATA ON SEXUAL DESIRE, AROUSAL, LUBRICATION, ORGASM, SATISFACTION, AND PAIN WERE COLLECTED USING THE FEMALE SEXUAL FUNCTION INDEX-LIFELONG (FSFI-LL). THE ILLUMINA INFINIUM HUMANMETHYLATION 450 DNA BEADCHIP WAS USED FOR EPIGENOME-WIDE ANALYSES OF DNA METHYLATION IN WHOLE-BLOOD SAMPLES. OUTCOMES: COMPARISON OF DNA METHYLATION PATTERNS ASSOCIATED WITH THE FSFI-LL TOTAL SCORE AND ITS SIX SUBDOMAINS. RESULTS: TWO DIFFERENTIALLY METHYLATED CPG POSITIONS (CG09580409 AND CG14734994) REACHING EXPERIMENT-WIDE STATISTICAL SIGNIFICANCE WERE FOUND FOR OVERALL SEXUAL FUNCTIONING, MAPPING TO MGC45800 AND THE THREONINE SYNTHASE-LIKE 2 GENE (THNSL2), RESPECTIVELY. FURTHERMORE, POTENTIAL BIOLOGICALLY RELEVANT CANDIDATES FOR SEXUAL DESIRE (CUB AND ZONA PELLUCIDA-LIKE DOMAINS 1, CUZD1) AND SATISFACTION (SOLUTE CARRIER FAMILY 6 MEMBER 19, SLC6A19) WERE IDENTIFIED. CLINICAL TRANSLATION: THNSL2 AND SLC6A19, WHICH HAVE BEEN LINKED TO WEIGHT AND ADIPOSITY, MIGHT REPRESENT NOVEL CANDIDATES FOR SEXUAL PROBLEMS IN WOMEN. STRENGTHS AND LIMITATIONS: THIS IS THE FIRST STUDY TO INVESTIGATE EPIGENETIC MECHANISMS UNDERLYING FSD. THE STUDY USED A RELATIVE SMALL SAMPLE OF MONOZYGOTIC FEMALE TWINS. THE CUTOFF TO DETERMINE DISCORDANCE IN SEXUAL PROBLEMS WAS CHOSEN BASED ON A 10% FSFI SCORE DIFFERENCE. THEREFORE, THE RESULTS HAVE TO BE INTERPRETED WITH CAUTION AND NEED REPLICATION IN LARGER CLINICAL SAMPLES. CONCLUSION: UNDERSTANDING HOW GENES AND ENVIRONMENT INTERACT TO INFLUENCE OUR SEXUALITY MIGHT INFORM CLINICAL PRACTICE AND LEAD TO NEW TREATMENTS FOR WOMEN EXPERIENCING FSD. BURRI A, LEUPIN M, SPECTOR T, MARINOVA Z. DIFFERENTIAL DNA METHYLATION IN MONOZYGOTIC TWINS DISCORDANT FOR FEMALE SEXUAL FUNCTIONING. J SEX MED 2017;14:1357-1364.	2017	

16 4537  23 MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS SUSCEPTIBILITY AND THE X CHROMOSOME. MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS (MS) IS A CHRONIC AUTOIMMUNE COMPLEX TRAIT WITH STRONG EVIDENCE FOR A GENETIC COMPONENT. A FEMALE GENDER BIAS IS CLEAR BUT UNEXPLAINED AND A MATERNAL PARENT-OF-ORIGIN EFFECT HAS BEEN DESCRIBED. X-LINKED TRANSMISSION OF SUSCEPTIBILITY HAS BEEN PREVIOUSLY PROPOSED, BASED ON PEDIGREE, ASSOCIATION AND LINKAGE STUDIES. WE GENOTYPED 726 RELATIVE PAIRS INCLUDING 552 AFFECTED SIB-PAIRS FOR 22 X-CHROMOSOME MICROSATELLITE MARKERS AND A NOVEL DATASET OF 195 AUNT-UNCLE/NIECE-NEPHEW (AUNN) AFFECTED PAIRS FOR 18 MARKERS. PARENT-OF-ORIGIN EFFECTS WERE EXPLORED BY DIVIDING AUNN FAMILIES INTO LIKELY MATERNAL AND PATERNAL TRAIT TRANSMISSION. FOR THE SIB-PAIR DATASET WE WERE ABLE TO ESTABLISH EXCLUSION AT A LAMBDA S = 1.9 FOR ALL MARKERS USING AN EXCLUSION THRESHOLD OF LOD < OR = -2. SIMILARLY FOR THE AUNN DATASET, WE ESTABLISHED EXCLUSION AT LAMBDAAV = 1.9. FOR THE COMBINED DATASET WE ESTIMATE EXCLUSION OF LAMBDA = 1.6. WE DID NOT IDENTIFY SIGNIFICANT LINKAGE IN EITHER THE SIB-PAIRS OR THE AUNN DATASET NOR WHEN DATASETS WERE STRATIFIED FOR THE PRESENCE/ABSENCE OF THE HLA-DRB1*15 ALLELE OR FOR PATERNAL OR MATERNAL TRANSMISSION. THIS COMPREHENSIVE SCRUTINY OF THE X-CHROMOSOME SUGGESTS THAT IT IS UNLIKELY TO HARBOUR AN INDEPENDENT SUSCEPTIBILITY LOCUS OR ONE WHICH INTERACTS WITH THE HLA. COMPLEX INTERACTIONS INCLUDING EPIGENETIC ONES, AND MASKING BY BALANCED POLYMORPHISMS ARE MECHANISMS NOT EXCLUDED BY THE APPROACH TAKEN.	2007	
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                             
17 6914  23 [VITAMIN D DEFICIENCY IN PREGNANCY AND ITS IMPACT ON THE FETUS, THE NEWBORN AND IN CHILDHOOD]. OBJECTIVE: VITAMIN D DEFICIENCY (VDD) IN PREGNANT WOMEN AND THEIR CHILDREN IS AN IMPORTANT HEALTH PROBLEM WITH SEVERE CONSEQUENCES FOR THE HEALTH OF BOTH. THUS, THE OBJECTIVES OF THIS REVIEW WERE TO REASSESS THE MAGNITUDE AND CONSEQUENCES OF VDD DURING PREGNANCY, LACTATION AND INFANCY, ASSOCIATED RISK FACTORS, PREVENTION METHODS, AND TO EXPLORE EPIGENETIC MECHANISMS IN EARLY FETAL LIFE CAPABLE OF EXPLAINING MANY OF THE NON-SKELETAL BENEFITS OF VITAMIN D (VID). DATA SOURCE: ORIGINAL AND REVIEW ARTICLES, AND CONSENSUS DOCUMENTS WITH ELEVATED LEVEL OF EVIDENCE FOR VDD-RELATED CLINICAL DECISIONS ON THE HEALTH OF PREGNANT WOMEN AND THEIR CHILDREN, AS WELL AS ARTICLES ON THE INFLUENCE OF VID ON EPIGENETIC MECHANISMS OF FETAL PROGRAMMING OF CHRONIC DISEASES IN ADULTHOOD WERE SELECTED AMONG ARTICLES PUBLISHED ON PUBMED OVER THE LAST 20 YEARS, USING THE SEARCH TERM VITD STATUS, IN COMBINATION WITH PREGNANCY, OFFSPRING HEALTH, CHILD OUTCOMES, AND PROGRAMMING. DATA SYNTHESIS: THE FOLLOWING ITEMS WERE ANALYZED: VID PHYSIOLOGY AND METABOLISM, RISK FACTORS FOR VDD AND IMPLICATIONS IN PREGNANCY, LACTATION AND INFANCY, CONCENTRATION CUTOFF TO DEFINE VDD, THE VARIABILITY OF METHODS FOR VDD DETECTION, RECOMMENDATIONS ON VID REPLACEMENT IN PREGNANT WOMEN, THE NEWBORN AND THE CHILD, AND THE EPIGENETIC INFLUENCE OF VID. CONCLUSIONS: VDD IS A COMMON CONDITION AMONG HIGH-RISK PREGNANT WOMEN AND THEIR CHILDREN. THE ROUTINE MONITORING OF SERUM 25(OH)D3 LEVELS IN ANTENATAL PERIOD IS MANDATORY. EARLY PREVENTIVE MEASURES SHOULD BE TAKEN AT THE SLIGHTEST SUSPICION OF VDD IN PREGNANT WOMEN, TO REDUCE MORBIDITY DURING PREGNANCY AND LACTATION, AS WELL AS ITS SUBSEQUENT IMPACT ON THE FETUS, THE NEWBORN AND THE CHILD.	2015	
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        
18 1109  23 COMMERCIAL PROCESSED SOY-BASED FOOD PRODUCT CONTAINS GLYCATED AND GLYCOXIDATED LUNASIN PROTEOFORMS. NUTRACEUTICALS HAVE BEEN PROPOSED TO EXERT POSITIVE EFFECTS ON HUMAN HEALTH AND CONFER PROTECTION AGAINST MANY CHRONIC DISEASES. A MAJOR BIOACTIVE COMPONENT OF SOY-BASED FOODS IS LUNASIN PEPTIDE, WHICH HAS POTENTIAL TO EXERT A MAJOR IMPACT ON THE HEALTH OF HUMAN CONSUMERS WORLDWIDE, BUT THE BIOCHEMICAL FEATURES OF DIETARY LUNASIN STILL REMAIN POORLY CHARACTERIZED. IN THIS STUDY, LUNASIN WAS PURIFIED FROM A SOY-BASED FOOD PRODUCT VIA STRONG ANION EXCHANGE SOLID PHASE EXTRACTION AND THEN SUBJECTED TO TOP-DOWN MASS SPECTROMETRY ANALYSIS THAT REVEALED IN DETAIL THE MOLECULAR DIVERSITY OF LUNASIN IN PROCESSED SOYBEAN FOODS. WE DETECTED MULTIPLE GLYCATED PROTEOFORMS TOGETHER WITH POTENTIALLY TOXIC ADVANCED GLYCATION END PRODUCTS (AGES) DERIVED FROM LUNASIN. IN BOTH CASES, MODIFICATION SITES WERE LYS24 AND LYS29 LOCATED AT THE HELICAL REGION THAT SHOWS STRUCTURAL HOMOLOGY WITH A CONSERVED REGION OF CHROMATIN-BINDING PROTEINS. THE IDENTIFIED POST-TRANSLATIONAL MODIFICATIONS MAY HAVE AN IMPORTANT REPERCUSSION ON LUNASIN EPIGENETIC REGULATORY CAPACITY. TAKING TOGETHER, OUR RESULTS DEMONSTRATE THE IMPORTANCE OF PROPER CHEMICAL CHARACTERIZATION OF COMMERCIAL PROCESSED FOOD PRODUCTS TO ASSESS THEIR IMPACT ON CONSUMER'S HEALTH AND RISK OF CHRONIC DISEASES.	2016	
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      
19 5356  22 REAC-INDUCED ENDOGENOUS BIOELECTRIC CURRENTS IN THE TREATMENT OF VENOUS ULCERS: A THREE-ARM RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED PROSPECTIVE STUDY. INTRODUCTION: ENDOGENOUS BIOELECTRIC FIELDS (EBFS) PLAY A FUNDAMENTAL ROLE IN PROMOTING REPAIR AND REGENERATION PROCESSES, INCLUDING IN LEG VENOUS ULCERS (LVUS). UNFORTUNATELY, THE MECHANISM UNDERLYING THE PRODUCTION OF EBFS IS EASILY ALTERED BY INFECTIOUS, TRAUMATIC, AND EPIGENETIC FACTORS. THIS ALTERATION IS ONE OF THE DETERMINING FACTORS FOR THE CHRONICITY OF LVUS. THIS STUDY INVESTIGATES HOW RADIOELECTRIC ASYMMETRIC CONVEYER (REAC) TECHNOLOGY TREATMENTS, SPECIFICALLY DESIGNED TO OPTIMIZE EBFS, AND IN PARTICULAR TISSUE OPTIMIZATION-REPARATIVE (TO-RPR) TREATMENT, CAN IMPROVE THE RESULTS OF STANDARD DRESSING WITH AND WITHOUT ELASTIC COMPRESSION IN LVU PATIENTS. METHODS: A TOTAL OF 30 PATIENTS WERE ENROLLED (12 MALES AND 18 FEMALES) AND RANDOMIZED INTO THREE GROUPS. ALL PATIENTS COMPLETED THE STUDY. GROUP A WAS TREATED WITH STANDARD DRESSING, ELASTIC COMPRESSION, AND REAC TO-RPR TREATMENT; GROUP B WAS TREATED WITH STANDARD DRESSING AND REAC TO-RPR TREATMENT; AND GROUP C WAS TREATED WITH STANDARD DRESSING AND ELASTIC COMPRESSION. RESULTS: THE RESULTS SHOW THAT THE COMBINATION OF REAC TREATMENT AND STANDARD DRESSING ASSOCIATED WITH ELASTIC COMPRESSION HAS THE GREATEST THERAPEUTIC EFFICACY IN PROMOTING THE HEALING PROCESS FOR ULCERS, REDUCING PERCEIVED PAIN, AND IMPROVING THE QUALITY OF LIFE OF THE PATIENTS TREATED. CONCLUSIONS: FURTHER STUDIES WILL BE USEFUL TO INVESTIGATE THESE PROSPECTIVE RESULTS.	2020	
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       
20 5213  22 PRESYMPTOMATIC RISK ASSESSMENT FOR CHRONIC NON-COMMUNICABLE DISEASES. THE PREVALENCE OF COMMON CHRONIC NON-COMMUNICABLE DISEASES (CNCDS) FAR OVERSHADOWS THE PREVALENCE OF BOTH MONOGENIC AND INFECTIOUS DISEASES COMBINED. ALL CNCDS, ALSO CALLED COMPLEX GENETIC DISEASES, HAVE A HERITABLE GENETIC COMPONENT THAT CAN BE USED FOR PRE-SYMPTOMATIC RISK ASSESSMENT. COMMON SINGLE NUCLEOTIDE POLYMORPHISMS (SNPS) THAT TAG RISK HAPLOTYPES ACROSS THE GENOME CURRENTLY ACCOUNT FOR A NON-TRIVIAL PORTION OF THE GERM-LINE GENETIC RISK AND WE WILL LIKELY CONTINUE TO IDENTIFY THE REMAINING MISSING HERITABILITY IN THE FORM OF RARE VARIANTS, COPY NUMBER VARIANTS AND EPIGENETIC MODIFICATIONS. HERE, WE DESCRIBE A NOVEL MEASURE FOR CALCULATING THE LIFETIME RISK OF A DISEASE, CALLED THE GENETIC COMPOSITE INDEX (GCI), AND DEMONSTRATE ITS PREDICTIVE VALUE AS A CLINICAL CLASSIFIER. THE GCI ONLY CONSIDERS SUMMARY STATISTICS OF THE EFFECTS OF GENETIC VARIATION AND HENCE DOES NOT REQUIRE THE RESULTS OF LARGE-SCALE STUDIES SIMULTANEOUSLY ASSESSING MULTIPLE RISK FACTORS. COMBINING GCI SCORES WITH ENVIRONMENTAL RISK INFORMATION PROVIDES AN ADDITIONAL TOOL FOR CLINICAL DECISION-MAKING. THE GCI CAN BE POPULATED WITH HERITABLE RISK INFORMATION OF ANY TYPE, AND THUS REPRESENTS A FRAMEWORK FOR CNCD PRE-SYMPTOMATIC RISK ASSESSMENT THAT CAN BE POPULATED AS ADDITIONAL RISK INFORMATION IS IDENTIFIED THROUGH NEXT-GENERATION TECHNOLOGIES.	2010