1 1267 120 CYTOMEGALOVIRUS INFECTION ACCELERATES EPIGENETIC AGING. EPIGENETIC MECHANISMS SUCH AS DNA METHYLATION (DNAM) HAVE A CENTRAL ROLE IN THE REGULATION OF GENE EXPRESSION AND THEREBY IN CELLULAR DIFFERENTIATION AND TISSUE HOMEOSTASIS. IT HAS RECENTLY BEEN SHOWN THAT AGING IS ASSOCIATED WITH PROFOUND CHANGES IN DNAM. SEVERAL OF THESE METHYLATION CHANGES TAKE PLACE IN A CLOCK-LIKE FASHION, I.E. CORRELATING WITH THE CALENDAR AGE OF AN INDIVIDUAL. THUS, THE EPIGENETIC CLOCK BASED ON THESE KIND OF DNAM CHANGES COULD PROVIDE A NEW BIOMARKER FOR HUMAN AGING PROCESS, I.E. BEING ABLE TO SEPARATE THE CALENDAR AND BIOLOGICAL AGE. INFORMATION ABOUT THE CORRELATION OF THE TIME INDICATED BY THIS CLOCK TO THE VARIOUS ASPECTS OF IMMUNOSENESCENCE IS STILL MISSING. AS CHRONIC CYTOMEGALOVIRUS (CMV) INFECTION IS PROBABLY ONE OF THE MAJOR DRIVING FORCES OF IMMUNOSENESCENCE, WE NOW HAVE ANALYZED THE CORRELATION OF CMV SEROPOSITIVITY WITH THE EPIGENETIC AGE IN THE VITALITY 90+COHORT 1920 (122 NONAGENARIANS AND 21 YOUNG CONTROLS, CMV SEROPOSITIVITY RATES 95% AND 57%, RESPECTIVELY). THE DATA SHOWED THAT CMV SEROPOSITIVITY WAS ASSOCIATED WITH A HIGHER EPIGENETIC AGE IN BOTH OF THESE AGE GROUPS (MEDIAN 26.5 VS. 24.0 (P < 0.02,MANN-WHITNEY U-TEST) IN THE YOUNG CONTROLS AND 76.0 VS. 70.0 (P < 0.01) IN THE NONAGENARIANS). THUS, THESE DATA PROVIDE A NEW ASPECT TO THE CMV ASSOCIATED PATHOLOGICAL PROCESSES.	2015	
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      
2  466  31 ARE THE HEALTHY VULNERABLE? CYTOMEGALOVIRUS SEROPOSITIVITY IN HEALTHY ADULTS IS ASSOCIATED WITH ACCELERATED EPIGENETIC AGE AND IMMUNE DYSREGULATION. BACKGROUND: EVALUATING AGE AS A RISK FACTOR FOR SUSCEPTIBILITY TO INFECTIOUS DISEASES, PARTICULARLY CORONAVIRUS DISEASE 2019 (COVID-19), IS CRITICAL. CYTOMEGALOVIRUS (CMV) SEROLOGIC PREVALENCE INCREASES WITH AGE AND ASSOCIATES WITH INFLAMMATORY-MEDIATED DISEASES IN THE ELDERLY. HOWEVER, LITTLE IS KNOWN REGARDING THE SUBCLINICAL IMPACT OF CMV AND RISK IT POSES TO HEALTHY OLDER ADULTS. PRIOR TO THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC WE CONDUCTED A STUDY TO DETERMINE THE ASSOCIATION OF CMV TO BIOLOGIC AGE AND IMMUNE DYSREGULATION. METHODS: COMMUNITY-DWELLING, HEALTHY ADULTS OLDER THAN 60 YEARS WERE EVALUATED USING DNA METHYLATION ASSAYS TO DEFINE EPIGENETIC AGE (EPIAGE) AND T-CELL IMMUNOPHENOTYPING TO ASSESS IMMUNE DYSREGULATION. RESULTS: ALL SUBJECTS WERE HEALTHY AND ASYMPTOMATIC. THOSE CMV SEROPOSITIVE HAD MORE LYMPHOCYTES, CD8 T CELLS, CD28- T CELLS, DECREASED CD4:CD8 CELL RATIOS, AND HAD HIGHER AVERAGE EPIAGE (65.34 YEARS) THAN THOSE CMV SERONEGATIVE (59.53 YEARS). DECREASED PERCENT CD4 (P = .003) AND NUMBERS OF CD4 T CELLS (P = .0199) CORRELATED WITH INCREASED EPIAGE. CONCLUSIONS: OUR NOVEL FINDINGS DISTINGUISH ALTERED IMMUNITY IN THE ELDERLY BASED ON CMV STATUS. CHRONIC CMV INFECTION IN HEALTHY, OLDER ADULTS IS ASSOCIATED WITH INDICATORS OF IMMUNE DYSREGULATION, BOTH OF WHICH CORRELATE TO DIFFERENCES IN EPIAGE.	2022	
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                           
3  177  33 ACCELERATED EPIGENETIC AGING AND INFLAMMATORY/IMMUNOLOGICAL PROFILE (IPAGE) IN PATIENTS WITH CHRONIC KIDNEY DISEASE. CHRONIC KIDNEY DISEASE (CKD) IS DEFINED BY A REDUCED ESTIMATED GLOMERULAR FILTRATION RATE (EGFR). THIS FAILURE CAN BE RELATED TO A PHENOTYPE OF ACCELERATED AGING. IN THIS WORK, WE CONSIDERED 76 PATIENTS WITH END-STAGE RENAL DISEASE (ESRD) AND 83 HEALTHY CONTROLS. WE CONCOMITANTLY EVALUATED FOR THE FIRST TIME TWO MEASURES THAT CAN BE INFORMATIVE OF THE RATE OF AGING, I.E., WHOLE BLOOD DNA METHYLATION USING THE ILLUMINA INFINIUM EPIC ARRAY AND PLASMA LEVELS OF A SELECTION OF INFLAMMATORY/IMMUNOLOGICAL PROTEINS USING MULTIPLEX IMMUNOASSAYS. FIRST OF ALL, WE DEMONSTRATED ACCELERATED AGING IN TERMS OF THE MOST COMMON EPIGENETIC AGE ESTIMATORS IN CKD PATIENTS. MOREOVER, WE DEVELOPED A NEW CLOCK/PREDICTOR OF AGE BASED ON THE INFLAMMATORY/IMMUNOLOGICAL PROFILE (IPAGE) AND IDENTIFIED THE INFLAMMATORY/IMMUNOLOGICAL BIOMARKERS DIFFERENTIALLY EXPRESSED BETWEEN CASES AND CONTROLS. IPAGE APPEARED TO BE MORE SENSITIVE THAN EPIGENETIC CLOCKS IN QUANTIFYING THE ACCELERATED AGING PHENOTYPE OF ESRD PATIENTS. INTERESTINGLY, WE DID NOT FIND ANY CORRELATION BETWEEN THE AGE ACCELERATION EVALUATED ACCORDING TO THE EPIGENETIC CLOCKS AND IPAGE IN EITHER THE ESRD GROUP OR THE CONTROL GROUP. ON THE WHOLE, OUR DATA SHOW A CONSISTENT ACCELERATED AGING PHENOTYPE IN ESRD PATIENTS, WHICH IS BETTER APPRECIATED BY QUANTIFYING THE UNDERLYING INFLAMMATORY PROCESSES (INFLAMMAGING) BY IPAGE THAN BY USING EPIGENETIC CLOCKS.	2022	
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  
4  276  31 AGE-RELATED DIFFERENCES IN MONOCYTE DNA METHYLATION AND IMMUNE FUNCTION IN HEALTHY KENYAN ADULTS AND CHILDREN. BACKGROUND: AGE-RELATED CHANGES IN ADAPTIVE AND INNATE IMMUNE CELLS HAVE BEEN ASSOCIATED WITH A DECLINE IN EFFECTIVE IMMUNITY AND CHRONIC, LOW-GRADE INFLAMMATION. EPIGENETIC, TRANSCRIPTIONAL, AND FUNCTIONAL CHANGES IN MONOCYTES OCCUR WITH AGING, THOUGH MOST STUDIES TO DATE HAVE FOCUSED ON DIFFERENCES BETWEEN YOUNG ADULTS AND THE ELDERLY IN POPULATIONS WITH EUROPEAN ANCESTRY; FEW DATA EXIST REGARDING CHANGES THAT OCCUR IN CIRCULATING MONOCYTES DURING THE FIRST FEW DECADES OF LIFE OR IN AFRICAN POPULATIONS. WE ANALYZED DNA METHYLATION PROFILES, CYTOKINE PRODUCTION, AND INFLAMMATORY GENE EXPRESSION PROFILES IN MONOCYTES FROM YOUNG ADULTS AND CHILDREN FROM WESTERN KENYA. RESULTS: WE IDENTIFIED SEVERAL HYPO- AND HYPER-METHYLATED CPG SITES IN MONOCYTES FROM KENYAN YOUNG ADULTS VS. CHILDREN THAT REPLICATED FINDINGS IN THE CURRENT LITERATURE OF DIFFERENTIAL DNA METHYLATION IN MONOCYTES FROM ELDERLY PERSONS VS. YOUNG ADULTS ACROSS DIVERSE POPULATIONS. DIFFERENTIALLY METHYLATED CPG SITES WERE ALSO NOTED IN GENE REGIONS IMPORTANT TO INFLAMMATION AND INNATE IMMUNE RESPONSES. MONOCYTES FROM KENYAN YOUNG ADULTS VS. CHILDREN DISPLAYED INCREASED PRODUCTION OF IL-8, IL-10, AND IL-12P70 IN RESPONSE TO TLR4 AND TLR2/1 STIMULATION AS WELL AS DISTINCT INFLAMMATORY GENE EXPRESSION PROFILES. CONCLUSIONS: THESE FINDINGS COMPLEMENT PREVIOUS REPORTS OF AGE-RELATED METHYLATION CHANGES IN ISOLATED MONOCYTES AND PROVIDE NOVEL INSIGHTS INTO THE ROLE OF AGE-ASSOCIATED CHANGES IN INNATE IMMUNE FUNCTIONS.	2021	
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              
5  175  32 ACCELERATED AGING WITH HIV BEGINS AT THE TIME OF INITIAL HIV INFECTION. LIVING WITH HIV INFECTION IS ASSOCIATED WITH EARLY ONSET OF AGING-RELATED CHRONIC CONDITIONS, SOMETIMES DESCRIBED AS ACCELERATED AGING. EPIGENETIC DNA METHYLATION PATTERNS CAN EVALUATE ACCELERATION OF BIOLOGICAL AGE RELATIVE TO CHRONOLOGICAL AGE. THE IMPACT OF INITIAL HIV INFECTION ON FIVE EPIGENETIC MEASURES OF AGING WAS EXAMINED BEFORE AND APPROXIMATELY 3 YEARS AFTER HIV INFECTION IN THE SAME INDIVIDUALS (N=102). SIGNIFICANT EPIGENETIC AGE ACCELERATION (MEDIAN 1.9-4.8 YEARS) AND ESTIMATED TELOMERE LENGTH SHORTENING (ALL P</= 0.001) WERE OBSERVED FROM PRE-TO POST-HIV INFECTION, AND REMAINED SIGNIFICANT IN THREE EPIGENETIC MEASURES AFTER CONTROLLING FOR T CELL CHANGES. NO ACCELERATION WAS SEEN IN AGE- AND TIME INTERVAL-MATCHED HIV-UNINFECTED CONTROLS. CHANGES IN GENOME-WIDE CO-METHYLATION CLUSTERS WERE ALSO SIGNIFICANTLY ASSOCIATED WITH INITIAL HIV INFECTION (P</= 2.0 X 10(-4)). THESE LONGITUDINAL OBSERVATIONS CLEARLY DEMONSTRATE AN EARLY AND SUBSTANTIAL IMPACT OF HIV INFECTION ON THE EPIGENETIC AGING PROCESS, AND SUGGEST A ROLE FOR HIV ITSELF IN THE EARLIER ONSET OF CLINICAL AGING.	2022	
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                   
6 4024  37 LUNG ALLOGRAFT EPITHELIUM DNA METHYLATION AGE IS ASSOCIATED WITH GRAFT CHRONOLOGIC AGE AND PRIMARY GRAFT DYSFUNCTION. ADVANCED DONOR AGE IS A RISK FACTOR FOR POOR SURVIVAL FOLLOWING LUNG TRANSPLANTATION. HOWEVER, RECENT WORK IDENTIFYING EPIGENETIC DETERMINANTS OF AGING HAS SHOWN THAT BIOLOGIC AGE MAY NOT ALWAYS REFLECT CHRONOLOGIC AGE AND THAT STRESSORS CAN ACCELERATE BIOLOGIC AGING. WE HYPOTHESIZED THAT LUNG ALLOGRAFTS THAT EXPERIENCED PRIMARY GRAFT DYSFUNCTION (PGD), CHARACTERIZED BY POOR OXYGENATION IN THE FIRST THREE POST-TRANSPLANT DAYS, WOULD HAVE INCREASED BIOLOGIC AGE. WE CULTURED AIRWAY EPITHELIAL CELLS ISOLATED BY TRANSBRONCHIAL BRUSH AT 1-YEAR BRONCHOSCOPIES FROM 13 SUBJECTS WITH SEVERE PGD AND 15 CONTROLS MATCHED ON AGE AND TRANSPLANT INDICATION. WE MEASURED EPIGENETIC AGE USING THE HORVATH EPIGENETIC CLOCK. LINEAR MODELS WERE USED TO DETERMINE THE ASSOCIATION OF AIRWAY EPIGENETIC AGE WITH CHRONOLOGIC AGES AND PGD STATUS, ADJUSTED FOR RECIPIENT PGD RISK FACTORS. SURVIVAL MODELS ASSESSED THE ASSOCIATION WITH CHRONIC LUNG ALLOGRAFT DYSFUNCTION (CLAD) OR DEATH. DISTRIBUTIONS OF PROMOTER METHYLATION WITHIN PATHWAYS WERE COMPARED BETWEEN GROUPS. DNA METHYLTRANSFERASE (DNMT) ACTIVITY WAS QUANTIFIED IN AIRWAY EPITHELIAL CELLS UNDER HYPOXIC OR NORMOXIC CONDITIONS. AIRWAY EPIGENETIC AGE APPEARED YOUNGER BUT WAS STRONGLY ASSOCIATED WITH THE AGE OF THE ALLOGRAFT (SLOPE 0.38 PER YEAR, 95% CI 0.27-0.48). THERE WAS NO CORRELATION BETWEEN EPIGENETIC AGE AND RECIPIENT AGE (P = 0.96). EPIGENETIC AGE WAS 6.5 YEARS GREATER (95% CI 1.7-11.2) IN SUBJECTS WHO HAD EXPERIENCED PGD, AND THIS EFFECT REMAINED SIGNIFICANT AFTER ADJUSTING FOR DONOR AND RECIPIENT CHARACTERISTICS (P = 0.03). EPIGENETIC AGE WAS NOT ASSOCIATED WITH CLAD-FREE SURVIVAL RISK (P = 0.11). ANALYSIS OF DIFFERENTIAL METHYLATION OF PROMOTERS OF KEY BIOLOGIC PATHWAYS REVEALED HYPOMETHYLATION IN REGIONS RELATED TO HYPOXIA, INFLAMMATION, AND METABOLISM-ASSOCIATED PATHWAYS. ACCORDINGLY, AIRWAY EPITHELIAL CELLS CULTURED IN HYPOXIC CONDITIONS SHOWED SUPPRESSED DNMT ACTIVITY. WHILE AIRWAY METHYLATION AGE WAS PRIMARILY DETERMINED BY DONOR CHRONOLOGIC AGE, EARLY INJURY IN THE FORM OF PGD WAS ASSOCIATED WITH INCREASED ALLOGRAFT EPIGENETIC AGE. THESE DATA SHOW HOW PGD MIGHT SUPPRESS KEY PROMOTER METHYLATION RESULTING IN LONG-TERM IMPACTS ON THE ALLOGRAFT.	2021	
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                   
7 2270  30 EPIGENETIC QUANTIFICATION OF IMMUNOSENESCENT CD8(+) TEMRA CELLS IN HUMAN BLOOD. AGE-RELATED CHANGES IN HUMAN T-CELL POPULATIONS ARE IMPORTANT CONTRIBUTORS TO IMMUNOSENESCENCE. IN PARTICULAR, TERMINALLY DIFFERENTIATED CD8(+) EFFECTOR MEMORY CD45RA(+) TEMRA CELLS AND THEIR SUBSETS HAVE CHARACTERISTICS OF CELLULAR SENESCENCE, ACCUMULATE IN OLDER INDIVIDUALS, AND ARE INCREASED IN AGE-RELATED CHRONIC INFLAMMATORY DISEASES. IN A DETAILED T-CELL PROFILING AMONG INDIVIDUALS OVER 65 YEARS OF AGE, WE FOUND A HIGH INTERINDIVIDUAL VARIATION AMONG CD8(+) TEMRA POPULATIONS. CD8(+) TEMRA PROPORTIONS CORRELATED POSITIVELY WITH CYTOMEGALOVIRUS (CMV) ANTIBODY LEVELS, HOWEVER, NOT WITH THE CHRONOLOGICAL AGE. IN THE ANALYSIS OF OVER 90 INFLAMMATION PROTEINS, WE IDENTIFIED PLASMA TRANCE/RANKL LEVELS TO ASSOCIATE WITH SEVERAL DIFFERENTIATED T-CELL POPULATIONS, INCLUDING CD8(+) TEMRA AND ITS CD28(-) SUBSETS. GIVEN THE STRONG POTENTIAL OF CD8(+) TEMRA CELLS AS A BIOMARKER FOR IMMUNOSENESCENCE, WE USED DEEP-AMPLICON BISULFITE SEQUENCING TO MATCH THEIR FREQUENCIES IN FLOW CYTOMETRY WITH CPG SITE METHYLATION LEVELS AND DEVELOPED A COMPUTATIONAL MODEL TO PREDICT CD8(+) TEMRA CELL PROPORTIONS FROM WHOLE BLOOD GENOMIC DNA. OUR FINDINGS CONFIRM THE ASSOCIATION OF CD8(+) TEMRA AND ITS SUBSETS WITH CMV INFECTION AND PROVIDE A NOVEL TOOL FOR THEIR HIGH THROUGHPUT EPIGENETIC QUANTIFICATION AS A BIOMARKER OF IMMUNOSENESCENCE.	2022	
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                 
8 5095  25 PLASMA PROTEOMIC BIOMARKER SIGNATURE OF AGE PREDICTS HEALTH AND LIFE SPAN. OLDER AGE IS A STRONG SHARED RISK FACTOR FOR MANY CHRONIC DISEASES, AND THERE IS INCREASING INTEREST IN IDENTIFYING AGING BIOMARKERS. HERE, A PROTEOMIC ANALYSIS OF 1301 PLASMA PROTEINS WAS CONDUCTED IN 997 INDIVIDUALS BETWEEN 21 AND 102 YEARS OF AGE. WE IDENTIFIED 651 PROTEINS ASSOCIATED WITH AGE (506 OVER-REPRESENTED, 145 UNDERREPRESENTED WITH AGE). MEDIATION ANALYSIS SUGGESTED A ROLE FOR PARTIAL CIS-EPIGENETIC CONTROL OF PROTEIN EXPRESSION WITH AGE. OF THE AGE-ASSOCIATED PROTEINS, 33.5% AND 45.3%, WERE ASSOCIATED WITH MORTALITY AND MULTIMORBIDITY, RESPECTIVELY. THERE WAS ENRICHMENT OF PROTEINS ASSOCIATED WITH INFLAMMATION AND EXTRACELLULAR MATRIX AS WELL AS SENESCENCE-ASSOCIATED SECRETORY PROTEINS. A 76-PROTEIN PROTEOMIC AGE SIGNATURE PREDICTED ACCUMULATION OF CHRONIC DISEASES AND ALL-CAUSE MORTALITY. THESE DATA SUPPORT THE USE OF PROTEOMIC BIOMARKERS TO MONITOR AGING TRAJECTORIES AND TO IDENTIFY INDIVIDUALS AT HIGHER RISK OF DISEASE TO BE TARGETED FOR IN DEPTH DIAGNOSTIC PROCEDURES AND EARLY INTERVENTIONS.	2020	
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                           
9 1607  25 DNA METHYLATION, COLON CANCER AND MEDITERRANEAN DIET: RESULTS FROM THE EPIC-ITALY COHORT. THE BIOLOGICAL MECHANISMS THROUGH WHICH ADHERENCE TO MEDITERRANEAN DIET (MD) PROTECTS AGAINST COLON CANCER (CC) ARE POORLY UNDERSTOOD. EVIDENCE SUGGESTS THAT CHRONIC INFLAMMATION MAY BE IMPLICATED IN THE PATHWAY. BOTH DIET AND CC ARE RELATED TO EPIGENETIC REGULATION. WE PERFORMED A NESTED CASE-CONTROL STUDY ON 161 PAIRS FROM THE ITALIAN COMPONENT OF THE EUROPEAN PROSPECTIVE INVESTIGATION INTO CANCER AND NUTRITION (EPIC) COHORT, IN WHICH WE LOOKED FOR THE METHYLATION SIGNALS IN DNA EXTRACTED FROM LEUCOCYTES ASSOCIATED WITH BOTH CC AND MD IN 995 CPGS LOCATED IN 48 INFLAMMATION GENES. THE DNA METHYLATION SIGNALS DETECTED IN THIS ANALYSIS WERE VALIDATED IN A SUBGROUP OF 47 CASE-CONTROL PAIRS AND FURTHER REPLICATED (WHERE VALIDATED) IN 95 NEW PAIRS BY MEANS OF PYROSEQUENCING. AMONG THE CPG SITES SELECTED A-PRIORI IN INFLAMMATION-RELATED GENES, SEVEN CPG SITES WERE FOUND TO BE ASSOCIATED WITH CC STATUS AND WITH MD, IN LINE WITH ITS PROTECTIVE EFFECT. ONLY TWO CPG SITES (CG17968347-SERPINE1 AND CG20674490-RUNX3) WERE VALIDATED USING BISULPHITE PYROSEQUENCING AND, AFTER REPLICATION, WE FOUND THAT DNA METHYLATION OF CG20674490-RUNX3 MAY BE A POTENTIAL MOLECULAR MEDIATOR EXPLAINING THE PROTECTIVE EFFECT OF MD ON CC ONSET. THE USE OF A 'MEET-IN-THE-MIDDLE' APPROACH TO IDENTIFY THE OVERLAP BETWEEN EXPOSURE AND PREDICTIVE MARKERS OF DISEASE IS INNOVATIVE IN STUDIES ON THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN DIET AND CANCER, IN WHICH EXPOSURE ASSESSMENT IS DIFFICULT AND THE MECHANISMS THROUGH WHICH THE NUTRIENTS EXERT THEIR PROTECTIVE EFFECT IS LARGELY UNKNOWN.	2019	
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      
10 2653  31 EPIGENOTYPING IN PERIPHERAL BLOOD CELL DNA AND BREAST CANCER RISK: A PROOF OF PRINCIPLE STUDY. BACKGROUND: EPIGENETIC CHANGES ARE EMERGING AS ONE OF THE MOST IMPORTANT EVENTS IN CARCINOGENESIS. TWO ALTERATIONS IN THE PATTERN OF DNA METHYLATION IN BREAST CANCER (BC) HAVE BEEN PREVIOUSLY REPORTED; ACTIVE ESTROGEN RECEPTOR-ALPHA (ER-ALPHA) IS ASSOCIATED WITH DECREASED METHYLATION OF ER-ALPHA TARGET (ERT) GENES, AND POLYCOMB GROUP TARGET (PCGT) GENES ARE MORE LIKELY THAN OTHER GENES TO HAVE PROMOTER DNA HYPERMETHYLATION IN CANCER. HOWEVER, WHETHER DNA METHYLATION IN NORMAL UNRELATED CELLS IS ASSOCIATED WITH BC RISK AND WHETHER THESE IMPRINTS CAN BE RELATED TO FACTORS WHICH CAN BE MODIFIED BY THE ENVIRONMENT, IS UNCLEAR. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS: USING QUANTITATIVE METHYLATION ANALYSIS IN A CASE-CONTROL STUDY (N = 1,083) WE FOUND THAT DNA METHYLATION OF PERIPHERAL BLOOD CELL DNA PROVIDES GOOD PREDICTION OF BC RISK. WE ALSO REPORT THAT INVASIVE DUCTAL AND INVASIVE LOBULAR BC IS CHARACTERIZED BY TWO DIFFERENT SETS OF GENES, THE LATTER PARTICULAR BY GENES INVOLVED IN THE DIFFERENTIATION OF THE MESENCHYME (PITX2, TITF1, GDNF AND MYOD1). FINALLY WE DEMONSTRATE THAT ONLY ERT GENES PREDICT ER POSITIVE BC; LACK OF PERIPHERAL BLOOD CELL DNA METHYLATION OF ZNF217 PREDICTED BC INDEPENDENT OF AGE AND FAMILY HISTORY (ODDS RATIO 1.49; 95% CONFIDENCE INTERVAL 1.12-1.97; P = 0.006) AND WAS ASSOCIATED WITH ER-ALPHA BIOACTIVITY IN THE CORRESPONDING SERUM. CONCLUSION/SIGNIFICANCE: THIS FIRST LARGE-SCALE EPIGENOTYPING STUDY DEMONSTRATES THAT DNA METHYLATION MAY SERVE AS A LINK BETWEEN THE ENVIRONMENT AND THE GENOME. FACTORS THAT CAN BE MODULATED BY THE ENVIRONMENT (LIKE ESTROGENS) LEAVE AN IMPRINT IN THE DNA OF CELLS THAT ARE UNRELATED TO THE TARGET ORGAN AND INDICATE THE PREDISPOSITION TO DEVELOP A CANCER. FURTHER RESEARCH WILL NEED TO DEMONSTRATE WHETHER DNA METHYLATION PROFILES WILL BE ABLE TO SERVE AS A NEW TOOL TO PREDICT THE RISK OF DEVELOPING CHRONIC DISEASES WITH SUFFICIENT ACCURACY TO GUIDE PREVENTIVE MEASURES.	2008	
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                 
11 4279  29 MICRONUCLEI, INFLAMMATION AND AUTO-IMMUNE DISEASE. AUTO-IMMUNE DISEASES (AUD) ARE CHARACTERIZED BY AN IMMUNE RESPONSE TO ANTIGENIC COMPONENTS OF THE HOST ITSELF. THE ETIOLOGY OF AUD IS NOT WELL UNDERSTOOD. THE AVAILABLE EVIDENCE POINTS TO AN INTERACTION BETWEEN GENETIC, EPIGENETIC, ENVIRONMENTAL, INFECTIOUS AND LIFE-STYLE FACTORS. AUD ARE MORE PREVALENT IN WOMEN THAN IN MEN; SEX HORMONES PLAY A CRUCIAL ROLE IN THIS SEX BIAS. MICRONUCLEI (MN) EMERGED AS A NEW PLAYER IN THE INDUCTION OF AUD, BASED ON THE CAPACITY OF DNA-SENSORS TO DETECT SELF-DNA THAT LEAKS INTO THE CYTOPLASM FROM DISRUPTED MN AND INDUCE THE CGAS-STING PATHWAY TRIGGERING AN INNATE AUTO-IMMUNE RESPONSE AND CHRONIC INFLAMMATION. IT WAS FOUND THAT INFLAMMATION CAN INDUCE MN AND MN CAN INDUCE INFLAMMATION, LEADING TO A VICIOUS INFLAMMATION-OXIDATIVE-DNA DAMAGE-MN-FORMATION-CHROMOTHRIPSIS CYCLE. MN ORIGINATING FROM SEX CHROMOSOME-LOSS MAY INDUCE INFLAMMATION AND AUD. WE PERFORMED A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW OF STUDIES REPORTING MN IN PATIENTS WITH SYSTEMIC OR ORGAN-SPECIFIC AUD. A META-ANALYSIS WAS PERFORMED ON LYMPHOCYTE MN IN DIABETES MELLITUS (10 STUDIES, 457 PATIENTS/290 CONTROLS) AND BEHCET'S DISEASE (3 STUDIES, 100 PATIENTS/70 CONTROLS) AND FOR BUCCAL MN IN DIABETES MELLITUS (11 STUDIES, 507 PATIENTS/427 CONTROLS). A STATISTICALLY SIGNIFICANT INCREASE IN PATIENTS COMPARED TO CONTROLS WAS FOUND IN THE META-ANALYSES PROVIDING AN INDICATION OF AN ASSOCIATION BETWEEN MN AND AUD. A 36%-HIGHER MEAN-MRI IN BUCCAL CELLS (3.8+/-0.7) WAS FOUND COMPARED TO LYMPHOCYTES (2.8+/-0.7)(P = 0.01). THE META-MRI IN LYMPHOCYTES AND BUCCAL CELLS (1.7 AND 3.0 RESPECTIVELY) SUGGEST THAT BUCCAL CELLS MAY BE MORE SENSITIVE. TO ASSESS THEIR RELATIVE SENSITIVITY, STUDIES WITH MEASUREMENTS FROM THE SAME SUBJECTS WOULD BE DESIRABLE. IT IS IMPORTANT THAT FUTURE STUDIES (I) INVESTIGATE, IN WELL-DESIGNED POWERED STUDIES, THE PROSPECTIVE ASSOCIATION OF MN-FORMATION WITH AUD AND (II) EXPLORE THE MOLECULAR MECHANISMS BY WHICH CHROMOSOME SHATTERING IN MN AND THE RELEASE OF CHROMATIN FRAGMENTS FROM MN LEAD TO THE FORMATION OF AUTO-ANTIBODIES.	2020	
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  
12 1782  40 EFFECT OF A 3-WEEK MULTIDISCIPLINARY BODY WEIGHT REDUCTION PROGRAM ON THE EPIGENETIC AGE ACCELERATION IN OBESE ADULTS. OBESITY AND AGING SHARE COMMON MOLECULAR AND CELLULAR MECHANISMS UNDERLYING THE PATHOPHYSIOLOGY OF CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASES (CVD), WHICH OCCUR FREQUENTLY IN BOTH CONDITIONS. DNA METHYLATION (DNAM) AGE, A BIOMARKER OF THE EPIGENETIC CLOCK, HAS BEEN PROPOSED AS A MORE ACCURATE PREDICTOR OF BIOLOGICAL AGING THAN CHRONOLOGICAL AGE. A POSITIVE DIFFERENCE BETWEEN AN INDIVIDUAL'S CHRONOLOGICAL AGE AND DNAM AGE IS REFERRED TO AS EPIGENETIC AGE ACCELERATION. THE OBJECTIVE OF THE PRESENT STUDY WAS TO EVALUATE THE EFFECTS OF A 3-WEEK IN-HOSPITAL BODY WEIGHT REDUCTION PROGRAM (BWRP) ON THE EPIGENETIC AGE ACCELERATION, AS WELL AS ON OTHER CARDIOMETABOLIC OUTCOMES, IN A COHORT OF 72 OBESE ADULTS (F/M: 43/29; (CHRONOLOGICAL) AGE: 51.5 +/- 14.5 YRS; BMI: 46.5 +/- 6.3 KG/M2). AT THE END OF THE BWRP, WHEN CONSIDERING THE ENTIRE POPULATION, BMI DECREASED, AND CHANGES IN BODY COMPOSITION WERE OBSERVED. THE BWRP ALSO PRODUCED BENEFICIAL METABOLIC EFFECTS AS DEMONSTRATED BY DECREASES IN GLUCOSE, INSULIN, HOMA-IR, TOTAL CHOLESTEROL, AND LDL CHOLESTEROL. A POST-BWRP IMPROVEMENT IN CARDIOVASCULAR FUNCTION WAS ALSO EVIDENT (I.E., DECREASES IN SYSTOLIC AND DIASTOLIC BLOOD PRESSURES AND HEART RATE). THE BWRP REDUCED SOME MARKERS OF SYSTEMIC INFLAMMATION, PARTICULARLY C-REACTIVE PROTEIN (CRP). FINALLY, VASCULAR AGE (VA) AND FRAMINGHAM RISK SCORE (FRS) WERE REDUCED AFTER THE BWRP. WHEN CONSIDERING THE ENTIRE POPULATION, DNAM AGE AND EPIGENETIC AGE ACCELERATION DID NOT DIFFER AFTER THE BWRP. HOWEVER, WHEN SUBDIVIDING THE POPULATION INTO TWO GROUPS BASED ON EACH SUBJECT'S EPIGENETIC AGE ACCELERATION (I.E., </=0 YRS OR >0 YRS), THE BWRP REDUCED THE EPIGENETIC AGE ACCELERATION ONLY IN OBESE SUBJECTS WITH A VALUE > 0 YRS (THUS BIOLOGICALLY OLDER THAN EXPECTED). AMONG ALL THE SINGLE DEMOGRAPHIC, LIFESTYLE, BIOCHEMICAL, AND CLINICAL CHARACTERISTICS INVESTIGATED, ONLY SOME MARKERS OF SYSTEMIC INFLAMMATION, SUCH AS CRP, WERE ASSOCIATED WITH THE EPIGENETIC AGE ACCELERATION. MOREOVER, CHRONOLOGICAL AGE WAS CORRELATED WITH DNAM AGE AND VA; FINALLY, THERE WAS A CORRELATION BETWEEN DNAM AGE AND VA. IN CONCLUSION, A 3-WEEK BWRP IS CAPABLE OF REDUCING THE EPIGENETIC AGE ACCELERATION IN OBESE ADULTS, BEING THE BWRP-INDUCED REJUVENATION EVIDENT IN SUBJECTS WITH AN EPIGENETIC AGE ACCELERATION > 0 YRS. BASED ON THE BWRP-INDUCED DECREASE IN CRP LEVELS, CHRONIC SYSTEMIC INFLAMMATION SEEMS TO PLAY A ROLE IN MEDIATING OBESITY-RELATED EPIGENETIC REMODELING AND BIOLOGICAL AGING. THUS, DUE TO THE STRONG ASSOCIATION OF CVD RISK WITH THE EPIGENETIC CLOCK AND MORBIDITY/MORTALITY, ANY EFFORT SHOULD BE MADE TO REDUCE THE LOW-GRADE CHRONIC INFLAMMATORY STATE IN OBESITY.	2022	

13 1567  33 DNA METHYLATION OF THE KLF14 GENE REGION IN WHOLE BLOOD CELLS PROVIDES PREDICTION FOR THE CHRONIC INFLAMMATION IN THE ADIPOSE TISSUE. KRUPPEL-LIKE FACTOR 14 (KLF14) GENE, WHICH APPEARS TO BE A MASTER REGULATOR OF GENE EXPRESSION IN THE ADIPOSE TISSUE AND HAVE PREVIOUSLY BEEN ASSOCIATED WITH BMI AND TYPE 2 DIABETES (T2D) BY LARGE GENOME-WIDE ASSOCIATION STUDIES. IN ORDER TO FIND PREDICTIVE BIOMARKERS FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF T2D, IT IS NECESSARY TO TAKE EPIGENOMIC CHANGES AFFECTED BY ENVIRONMENTAL FACTORS INTO ACCOUNT. THIS STUDY FOCUSES ON AGEING AND OBESITY, WHICH ARE T2D RISK FACTORS, AND EXAMINES EPIGENETIC CHANGES AND INFLAMMATORY CHANGES. WE INVESTIGATED DNA METHYLATION CHANGES IN THE KLF14 PROMOTER REGION IN DIFFERENT ORGANS OF MICE FOR COMPARING AGING AND WEIGHT. WE FOUND THAT METHYLATION LEVELS OF THESE SITES WERE INCREASED WITH AGING AND WEIGHT IN THE SPLEEN, THE ADIPOSE TISSUE, THE KIDNEY, THE LUNG, THE COLON AND THE WHOLE BLOOD CELLS. IN ADDITION, IN THE SPLEEN, THE ADIPOSE TISSUE AND THE WHOLE BLOOD, THESE EPIGENETIC CHANGES WERE ALSO SIGNIFICANTLY ASSOCIATED WITH INFLAMMATORY LEVELS. MOREOVER, NOT ONLY KLF14, BUT ALSO EXPRESSION LEVELS OF SOME DOWNSTREAM GENES WERE DECREASED WITH METHYLATION IN THE SPLEEN, THE ADIPOSE TISSUE AND THE WHOLE BLOOD CELLS. TAKEN TOGETHER, OUR RESULTS SUGGEST THAT METHYLATION CHANGES OF KLF14 IN THOSE TISSUES MAY BE ASSOCIATED WITH CHANGES IN GENE EXPRESSION AND INFLAMMATION ON THE ADIPOSE TISSUE OF OBESITY AND T2D. IN ADDITION, THE METHYLATION CHANGES IN THE WHOLE BLOOD CELLS MAY SERVE AS A PREDICTIVE EPIGENETIC BIOMARKER FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF T2D.	2018	
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      
14 6751  22 WHY ARE PEOPLE WITH HIV CONSIDERED "OLDER ADULTS" IN THEIR FIFTIES? ONE IN SIX NEW HIV DIAGNOSES IN EUROPE OCCUR AMONG PEOPLE OVER 50 YEARS OF AGE. AS IN THE GENERAL POPULATION, THE AGING PROCESS IS NOT HOMOGENEOUS AMONG OLDER ADULTS WITH HIV, AND SOME OF THEM EXHIBIT IMPAIRED PHYSICAL FUNCTION, HIGHER FRAILTY AND MORE FREQUENT GERIATRIC SYNDROMES. THESE ILLNESS REFLECT A HIGHER BIOLOGICAL AGE INDEPENDENTLY OF THEIR CHRONOLOGICAL AGE. AFTER STARTING ANTIRRETROVIRAL TREATMENT, PEOPLE LIVING WITH HIV (PLWH) OLDER THAN 50 EXHIBIT A POORER IMMUNOLOGICAL RECOVERY THAN YOUNGER PLWH. MOREOVER, OLDER ADULTS WITH HIV PRESENT EARLY ONSET OF COMORBIDITIES AND FUNCTIONAL IMPAIRMENT CAUSED BY PERSISTENT AND CHRONIC ACTIVATION OF THE IMMUNE SYSTEM, WHICH LEADS TO IMMUNE EXHAUSTION AND ACCELERATED IMMUNOSENESCENCE DESPITE OPTIMAL SUPPRESSION OF HIV REPLICATION. THE EVIDENCE OF POORER IMMUNOLOGICAL RESPONSE TO ARV, LINKED WITH EARLY IMMUNOSENESCENCE IN PLWH AND ITS PREMATURELY DELETERIOUS EFFECT IN PHYSIOLOGICAL FUNCTIONS AND ITS CLINICAL CONSEQUENCES, ARE THE BASIS TO ACCEPT THE CUT-OFF OF 50 YEARS OF AGE TO DEFINE AN "OLDER ADULT WITH HIV".	2019	
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                             
15 5468  30 RESISTANCE TRAINING AND REDOX HOMEOSTASIS: CORRELATION WITH AGE-ASSOCIATED GENOMIC CHANGES. REGULAR PHYSICAL ACTIVITY IS EFFECTIVE AS PREVENTION AND TREATMENT FOR DIFFERENT CHRONIC CONDITIONS RELATED TO THE AGEING PROCESSES. IN FACT, A SEDENTARY LIFESTYLE HAS BEEN LINKED TO A WORSENING OF CELLULAR AGEING BIOMARKERS SUCH AS TELOMERE LENGTH (TL) AND/OR SPECIFIC EPIGENETIC CHANGES (E.G. DNA METHYLATION), WITH INCREASE OF THE PROPENSITY TO AGING-RELATED DISEASES AND PREMATURE DEATH. EXTENDING OUR PREVIOUS FINDINGS, WE AIMED TO TEST THE HYPOTHESIS THAT 12 WEEKS OF LOW FREQUENCY, MODERATE INTENSITY, EXPLOSIVE-TYPE RESISTANCE TRAINING (EMRT) MAY ATTENUATE AGE-ASSOCIATED GENOMIC CHANGES. TO THIS AIM, TL, GLOBAL DNA METHYLATION, TRF2, KU80, SIRT1, SIRT2 AND GLOBAL PROTEIN ACETYLATION, AS WELL AS OTHER PROTEINS INVOLVED IN APOPTOTIC PATHWAY (BCL-2, BAX AND CASPASE-3), ANTIOXIDANT RESPONSE (TRXR1 AND MNSOD) AND OXIDATIVE DAMAGE (MYELOPEROXIDASE) WERE EVALUATED BEFORE AND AFTER EMRT IN WHOLE BLOOD OR PERIPHERAL MONONUCLEAR CELLS (PBMCS) OF ELDERLY SUBJECTS. OUR FINDINGS CONFIRM THE POTENTIAL OF EMRT TO INDUCE AN ADAPTIVE CHANGE IN THE ANTIOXIDANT PROTEIN SYSTEMS AT SYSTEMIC LEVEL AND SUGGEST A PUTATIVE ROLE OF RESISTANCE TRAINING IN THE REDUCTION OF GLOBAL DNA METHYLATION. MOREOVER, WE OBSERVED THAT EMRT COUNTERACTS THE TELOMERES' SHORTENING IN A MANNER THAT PROVED TO BE DIRECTLY CORRELATED WITH THE AMELIORATION OF REDOX HOMEOSTASIS AND EFFICACY OF TRAINING REGIME, EVALUATED AS IMPROVEMENT OF BOTH MUSCLE'S POWER/STRENGTH AND FUNCTIONAL PARAMETERS.	2016	
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            
16 6826  33 [GENOME-WIDE ANALYSIS OF DNA METHYLATION IN CD4+ T LYMPHOCYTES OF PATIENTS WITH PRIMARY PROGRESSIVE MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS INDICATES INVOLVEMENT OF THIS EPIGENETIC PROCESS IN THE DISEASE IMMUNOPATHOGENESIS]. THE PATHOGENESIS OF MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS (MS), A CHRONIC DISEASE OF THE CNS, INCLUDES AUTOIMMUNE AND NEURODEGENERATIVE COMPONENTS. IN MOST CASES, PATIENTS DEVELOP RELAPSING-REMITTING MS (RRMS), WHILE 10-15% OF PATIENTS DEVELOP PRIMARY PROGRESSIVE MS (PPMS), WHICH DIFFERS FROM RRMS IN THE MECHANISMS OF THE PATHOLOGICAL PROCESS, SOME DEMOGRAPHIC, AND SOME CLINICAL CHARACTERISTICS. THESE DIFFERENCES MAY BE EXPLAINED BY THE EPIGENETIC REGULATION OF GENE EXPRESSION IN PPMS INCLUDING DNA METHYLATION AS ONE OF THE KEY EPIGENETIC PROCESSES. THE FEATURES OF DNA METHYLATION IN VARIOUS CELL POPULATIONS IN PPMS PATIENTS REMAIN UNDERSTUDIED. THE GOAL OF THIS STUDY IS TO IDENTIFY DIFFERENTIALLY METHYLATED CPG SITES (DMSS) OF THE GENOME OF CD4+ T LYMPHOCYTES, WHICH CHARACTERIZE PPMS. THE STUDY INCLUDED EIGHT TREATMENT-NAIVE PPMS PATIENTS AND EIGHT HEALTHY CONTROLS. GENOME-WIDE ANALYSIS OF DNA METHYLATION OF CD4+ T LYMPHOCYTES WAS PERFORMED USING HIGH-DENSITY DNA MICROARRAYS. WE HAVE IDENTIFIED 108 DMSS, WHICH DISTINGUISH PPMS PATIENTS FROM HEALTHY CONTROLS. IN PPMS PATIENTS 81% OF THE DMSS ARE HYPERMETHYLATED. MORE THAN A HALF OF THE IDENTIFIED DMSS ARE LOCATED IN KNOWN GENES IN CPG ISLANDS AND ADJACENT REGIONS, WHICH INDICATES A HIGH FUNCTIONAL SIGNIFICANCE OF THESE DMSS IN PPMS DEVELOPMENT. ANALYSIS OF THE OVERREPRESENTATION OF DMS-CONTAINING GENES IN THE MAIN BIOLOGICAL PROCESSES DEMONSTRATES THEIR INVOLVEMENT IN THE REGULATION OF CELL ADHESION TO THE EXTRACELLULAR MATRIX AND THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE IMMUNE RESPONSE, I.E., ANTIGEN PROCESSING AND PRESENTATION, AND DEVELOPMENT OF THE IMMUNE SYSTEM. GENOME-WIDE ANALYSIS OF DNA METHYLATION IN CD4+ T LYMPHOCYTES OF PPMS PATIENTS INDICATES THE INVOLVEMENT OF THIS EPIGENETIC PROCESS IN THE IMMUNOPATHOGENESIS OF THE DISEASE. THESE RESULTS MAY HELP BETTER UNDERSTAND THE PATHOGENESIS OF THIS SEVERE FORM OF MS.	2022	
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                               
17 1729  30 DYSREGULATION OF MIR-155 EXPRESSION IN PROFESSIONAL MIXED MARTIAL ARTS (MMA) FIGHTERS. PSYCHOLOGICAL AND PHYSICAL STRESS CAN INDUCE DYSREGULATION OF GENE EXPRESSION VIA CHANGES IN DNA METHYLATION AND MICRORNA (MIRNA) EXPRESSION. SUCH EPIGENETIC MODIFICATIONS ARE YET TO BE INVESTIGATED IN PROFESSIONAL MIXED MARTIAL ARTS (MMA) FIGHTERS SUBJECT TO HIGHLY STRESSFUL TRAINING INVOLVING REPETITIVE HEAD IMPACTS. THIS STUDY EXAMINED DIFFERENCES IN DNA METHYLATION AND MIRNA EXPRESSION IN ELITE MMA FIGHTERS COMPARED TO ACTIVE CONTROLS. GLOBAL METHYLATION DIFFERENCES BETWEEN GROUPS WERE ASSESSED VIA A LINE-1 ASSAY. AT THE SAME TIME, PCR ARRAYS WERE USED TO ESTIMATE DIFFERENTIAL EXPRESSION IN SAMPLES OF 21 FIGHTERS AND 15 CONTROLS FOR 192 DIFFERENT MIRNAS ASSOCIATED WITH INFLAMMATORY DISEASES. AN INDEPENDENT-SAMPLES T-TEST FOUND NO SIGNIFICANT DIFFERENCE IN LINE-1 METHYLATION BETWEEN GROUPS. HOWEVER, AN INDEPENDENT-SAMPLES MANN-WHITNEY U TEST REVEALED A SIGNIFICANT UPREGULATION IN THE EXPRESSION OF MIR-155 IN MMA FIGHTER PLASMA. SINCE MIR-155 HAS BEEN RECOGNIZED AS AN IMPORTANT REGULATOR OF NEUROINFLAMMATION, THIS DYSREGULATION SUGGESTS A POSSIBLE EPIGENETIC MECHANISM RESPONSIBLE FOR CHRONIC INFLAMMATION ASSOCIATED WITH PROFESSIONAL-LEVEL MMA TRAINING. CONSISTENT WITH OTHER PUBLISHED WORKS, THIS STUDY HIGHLIGHTS THE POTENTIAL OF MIR-155 NOT ONLY AS A BIOMARKER FOR MONITORING LONG-TERM HEALTH RISKS LINKED TO HEAD TRAUMA BUT ALSO AS A TARGET TO REMEDIATE THE IMPACT OF CHRONIC NEUROINFLAMMATION.	2023	
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                     
18 1584  27 DNA METHYLATION PROFILES OF SELECTED PRO-INFLAMMATORY CYTOKINES IN ALZHEIMER DISEASE. BY MEANS OF FUNCTIONAL GENOMICS ANALYSIS, WE RECENTLY DESCRIBED THE MRNA EXPRESSION PROFILES OF VARIOUS GENES INVOLVED IN THE NEUROINFLAMMATORY RESPONSE IN THE BRAINS OF SUBJECTS WITH LATE-ONSET ALZHEIMER DISEASE (LOAD). SOME OF THESE GENES, NAMELY INTERLEUKIN (IL)-1BETA AND IL-6, SHOWED DISTINCT EXPRESSION PROFILES WITH PEAK EXPRESSION DURING THE FIRST STAGES OF THE DISEASE AND CONTROL-LIKE LEVELS AT LATER STAGES. IL-1BETA AND IL-6 GENES ARE MODULATED BY DNA METHYLATION IN DIFFERENT CHRONIC AND DEGENERATIVE DISEASES; IT IS ALSO WELL KNOWN THAT LOAD MAY HAVE AN EPIGENETIC BASIS. INDEED, WE AND OTHERS HAVE PREVIOUSLY REPORTED GENE-SPECIFIC DNA METHYLATION ALTERATIONS IN LOAD AND IN RELATED ANIMAL MODELS. BASED ON THESE DATA, WE STUDIED THE DNA METHYLATION PROFILES, AT SINGLE CYTOSINE RESOLUTION, OF IL-1BETA AND IL-6 5'-FLANKING REGION BY BISULPHITE MODIFICATION IN THE CORTEX OF HEALTHY CONTROLS AND LOAD PATIENTS AT 2 DIFFERENT DISEASE STAGES: BRAAK I-II/A AND BRAAK V-VI/C. OUR ANALYSIS PROVIDES EVIDENCE THAT NEUROINFLAMMATION IN LOAD IS ASSOCIATED WITH (AND POSSIBLY MEDIATED BY) EPIGENETIC MODIFICATIONS.	2017	
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                               
19 1519  27 DNA METHYLATION AT ATP11A CG11702988 IS A BIOMARKER OF LUNG DISEASE SEVERITY IN CYSTIC FIBROSIS: A LONGITUDINAL STUDY. CYSTIC FIBROSIS (CF) IS A CHRONIC GENETIC DISEASE THAT MAINLY AFFECTS THE RESPIRATORY AND GASTROINTESTINAL SYSTEMS. NO CURATIVE TREATMENTS ARE AVAILABLE, BUT THE FOLLOW-UP IN SPECIALIZED CENTERS HAS GREATLY IMPROVED THE PATIENT LIFE EXPECTANCY. ROBUST BIOMARKERS ARE REQUIRED TO MONITOR THE DISEASE, GUIDE TREATMENTS, STRATIFY PATIENTS, AND PROVIDE OUTCOME MEASURES IN CLINICAL TRIALS. IN THE PRESENT STUDY, WE OUTLINE A STRATEGY TO SELECT PUTATIVE DNA METHYLATION BIOMARKERS OF LUNG DISEASE SEVERITY IN CYSTIC FIBROSIS PATIENTS. IN THE DISCOVERY STEP, WE SELECTED SEVEN POTENTIAL BIOMARKERS USING A GENOME-WIDE DNA METHYLATION DATASET THAT WE GENERATED IN NASAL EPITHELIAL SAMPLES FROM THE METHYLCF COHORT. IN THE REPLICATION STEP, WE ASSESSED THE SAME BIOMARKERS USING SPUTUM CELL SAMPLES FROM THE METHYLBIOMARK COHORT. OF INTEREST, DNA METHYLATION AT THE CG11702988 SITE (ATP11A GENE) POSITIVELY CORRELATED WITH LUNG FUNCTION AND BMI, AND NEGATIVELY CORRELATED WITH LUNG DISEASE SEVERITY, P. AERUGINOSA CHRONIC INFECTION, AND THE NUMBER OF EXACERBATIONS. THESE RESULTS WERE REPLICATED IN PROSPECTIVE SPUTUM SAMPLES COLLECTED AT FOUR TIME POINTS WITHIN AN 18-MONTH PERIOD AND LONGITUDINALLY. TO CONCLUDE, (I) WE IDENTIFIED A DNA METHYLATION BIOMARKER THAT CORRELATES WITH CF SEVERITY, (II) WE PROVIDED A METHOD TO EASILY ASSESS THIS BIOMARKER, AND (III) WE CARRIED OUT THE FIRST LONGITUDINAL ANALYSIS OF DNA METHYLATION IN CF PATIENTS. THIS NEW EPIGENETIC BIOMARKER COULD BE USED TO STRATIFY CF PATIENTS IN CLINICAL TRIALS.	2021	
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                         
20 1545  31 DNA METHYLATION IN LIVER TUMORIGENESIS IN FISH FROM THE ENVIRONMENT. THE LINK BETWEEN ENVIRONMENT, ALTERATION IN DNA METHYLATION AND CANCER HAS BEEN WELL ESTABLISHED IN HUMANS; YET, IT IS UNDER-STUDIED IN UNSEQUENCED NON-MODEL ORGANISMS. THE OCCURRENCE OF LIVER TUMORS IN THE FLATFISH DAB COLLECTED AT CERTAIN UK SAMPLING SITES EXCEEDS 20%, YET THE CAUSATIVE AGENTS AND THE MOLECULAR MECHANISMS OF TUMOR FORMATION ARE NOT KNOWN, ESPECIALLY REGARDING THE BALANCE BETWEEN EPIGENETIC AND GENETIC FACTORS. METHYLATED DNA IMMUNOPRECIPITATION (MEDIP) COMBINED WITH DE NOVO HIGH-THROUGHPUT DNA SEQUENCING WERE USED TO INVESTIGATE DNA METHYLATION CHANGES IN DAB HEPATOCELLULAR ADENOMA TUMORS FOR THE FIRST TIME IN AN UNSEQUENCED SPECIES. NOVEL CUSTOM-MADE DAB GENE EXPRESSION ARRAYS WERE DESIGNED AND USED TO DETERMINE THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN DNA METHYLATION AND GENE EXPRESSION. IN ADDITION, THE CONFIRMATORY TECHNIQUES OF BISULFITE SEQUENCING PCR (BSP) AND RT-PCR WERE APPLIED. GENES INVOLVED IN PATHWAYS RELATED TO CANCER, INCLUDING APOPTOSIS, WNT/BETA-CATENIN SIGNALING AND GENOMIC AND NON-GENOMIC ESTROGEN RESPONSES, WERE ALTERED BOTH IN METHYLATION AND TRANSCRIPTION. GLOBAL METHYLATION WAS STATISTICALLY SIGNIFICANTLY 1.8-FOLD REDUCED IN HEPATOCELLULAR ADENOMA AND NON-CANCEROUS SURROUNDING TISSUES COMPARED WITH LIVER FROM NON-CANCER BEARING DAB. BASED ON THE IDENTIFIED CHANGES AND CHEMICAL EXPOSURE DATA, OUR STUDY SUPPORTS THE EPIGENETIC MODEL OF CANCER. WE HYPOTHESIZE THAT CHRONIC EXPOSURE TO A MIXTURE OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINANTS CONTRIBUTES TO A GLOBAL HYPOMETHYLATION FOLLOWED BY FURTHER EPIGENETIC AND GENOMIC CHANGES. THE FINDINGS SUGGEST A LINK BETWEEN ENVIRONMENT, EPIGENETICS AND CANCER IN FISH TUMORS IN THE WILD AND SHOW THE UTILITY OF THIS METHODOLOGY FOR STUDIES IN NON-MODEL ORGANISMS.	2011