1  275 108 AGE-RELATED CLONAL HAEMOPOIESIS IS ASSOCIATED WITH INCREASED EPIGENETIC AGE. AGE-RELATED CLONAL HAEMOPOIESIS (ARCH) IN HEALTHY INDIVIDUALS WAS INITIALLY OBSERVED THROUGH AN INCREASED SKEWING IN X-CHROMOSOME INACTIVATION [1]. MORE RECENTLY, SEVERAL GROUPS REPORTED THAT ARCH IS DRIVEN BY SOMATIC MUTATIONS [2], WITH THE MOST PREVALENT ARCH MUTATIONS BEING IN THE DNMT3A AND TET2 GENES, PREVIOUSLY DESCRIBED AS DRIVERS OF MYELOID MALIGNANCIES. ARCH IS ASSOCIATED WITH AN INCREASED RISK FOR HAEMATOLOGICAL CANCERS [2]. ARCH ALSO CONFERS AN INCREASED RISK FOR NON-HAEMATOLOGICAL DISEASES, SUCH AS CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE, ATHEROSCLEROSIS, AND CHRONIC ISCHEMIC HEART FAILURE, FOR WHICH AGE IS A MAIN RISK FACTOR [3,4]. WHETHER ARCH IS LINKED TO ACCELERATED AGEING HAS REMAINED UNEXPLORED. THE MOST ACCURATE AND COMMONLY USED TOOLS TO MEASURE AGE ACCELERATION ARE EPIGENETIC CLOCKS: THEY ARE BASED ON AGE-RELATED METHYLATION DIFFERENCES AT SPECIFIC CPG SITES [5]. DEVIATIONS FROM CHRONOLOGICAL AGE TOWARDS AN INCREASED EPIGENETIC AGE HAVE BEEN ASSOCIATED WITH INCREASED RISK OF EARLIER MORTALITY AND AGE-RELATED MORBIDITIES [5,6]. HERE WE PRESENT EVIDENCE OF ACCELERATED EPIGENETIC AGE IN INDIVIDUALS WITH ARCH.	2019	
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                 
2 6911  18 [TWO GERMAN BIRTH COHORTS: GINIPLUS AND LISAPLUS]. NUMEROUS CHRONIC DISEASES IN CHILDHOOD AND ADULTHOOD HAVE THEIR ORIGINS IN PERINATAL LIFE AND ARE POTENTIALLY INFLUENCED BY TRANS-GENERATIONAL EPIGENETIC PROCESSES. THEREFORE, PROSPECTIVE BIRTH COHORTS CAN SUBSTANTIALLY CONTRIBUTE TO OUR KNOWLEDGE ABOUT THE ETIOLOGY OF DISEASES INCLUDING MODIFIABLE RISK FACTORS. THE TWO POPULATION-BASED GERMAN BIRTH COHORTS GINIPLUS AND LISAPLUS AIM TO DESCRIBE THE NATURAL COURSE OF CHRONIC DISEASES AND INTERMEDIATE PHENOTYPES IN CHILDHOOD AND ITS DETERMINANTS, AND TO IDENTIFY POTENTIAL GENETIC EFFECT MODIFICATIONS. IN THE MID-1990S, 5,991 (GINIPLUS) AND 3,097 (LISAPLUS) HEALTHY, TERM NEWBORNS WERE RECRUITED FOR LONG-TERM FOLLOW-UP IN FOUR REGIONS OF GERMANY. THE FOLLOW-UP RATE FOR THE FIRST 10 YEARS WAS ABOUT 55%. WE ANALYZED THE GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT OF OVERWEIGHT, INFECTIONS AND ALLERGIC DISEASES, MENTAL AND ORAL HEALTH, METABOLIC AND INFLAMMATORY PARAMETERS AND THE ROLE OF POTENTIAL RISK FACTORS INCLUDING GENETICS. THE RESULTS OF THESE TWO BIRTH COHORTS SUBSTANTIALLY CONTRIBUTE TO THE CURRENT KNOWLEDGE ABOUT THE NATURAL COURSE OF THESE HEALTH PARAMETERS. THESE DATA WERE INCLUDED IN MANY INTERNATIONAL PROJECTS AND CONSORTIA FOR PURPOSES OF INTERNATIONAL COMPARISONS OF PREVALENCE AND CONSISTENCY OF FINDINGS, AND TO INCREASE THE POWER OF THE ANALYSES.	2012	
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       
3 1782  40 EFFECT OF A 3-WEEK MULTIDISCIPLINARY BODY WEIGHT REDUCTION PROGRAM ON THE EPIGENETIC AGE ACCELERATION IN OBESE ADULTS. OBESITY AND AGING SHARE COMMON MOLECULAR AND CELLULAR MECHANISMS UNDERLYING THE PATHOPHYSIOLOGY OF CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASES (CVD), WHICH OCCUR FREQUENTLY IN BOTH CONDITIONS. DNA METHYLATION (DNAM) AGE, A BIOMARKER OF THE EPIGENETIC CLOCK, HAS BEEN PROPOSED AS A MORE ACCURATE PREDICTOR OF BIOLOGICAL AGING THAN CHRONOLOGICAL AGE. A POSITIVE DIFFERENCE BETWEEN AN INDIVIDUAL'S CHRONOLOGICAL AGE AND DNAM AGE IS REFERRED TO AS EPIGENETIC AGE ACCELERATION. THE OBJECTIVE OF THE PRESENT STUDY WAS TO EVALUATE THE EFFECTS OF A 3-WEEK IN-HOSPITAL BODY WEIGHT REDUCTION PROGRAM (BWRP) ON THE EPIGENETIC AGE ACCELERATION, AS WELL AS ON OTHER CARDIOMETABOLIC OUTCOMES, IN A COHORT OF 72 OBESE ADULTS (F/M: 43/29; (CHRONOLOGICAL) AGE: 51.5 +/- 14.5 YRS; BMI: 46.5 +/- 6.3 KG/M2). AT THE END OF THE BWRP, WHEN CONSIDERING THE ENTIRE POPULATION, BMI DECREASED, AND CHANGES IN BODY COMPOSITION WERE OBSERVED. THE BWRP ALSO PRODUCED BENEFICIAL METABOLIC EFFECTS AS DEMONSTRATED BY DECREASES IN GLUCOSE, INSULIN, HOMA-IR, TOTAL CHOLESTEROL, AND LDL CHOLESTEROL. A POST-BWRP IMPROVEMENT IN CARDIOVASCULAR FUNCTION WAS ALSO EVIDENT (I.E., DECREASES IN SYSTOLIC AND DIASTOLIC BLOOD PRESSURES AND HEART RATE). THE BWRP REDUCED SOME MARKERS OF SYSTEMIC INFLAMMATION, PARTICULARLY C-REACTIVE PROTEIN (CRP). FINALLY, VASCULAR AGE (VA) AND FRAMINGHAM RISK SCORE (FRS) WERE REDUCED AFTER THE BWRP. WHEN CONSIDERING THE ENTIRE POPULATION, DNAM AGE AND EPIGENETIC AGE ACCELERATION DID NOT DIFFER AFTER THE BWRP. HOWEVER, WHEN SUBDIVIDING THE POPULATION INTO TWO GROUPS BASED ON EACH SUBJECT'S EPIGENETIC AGE ACCELERATION (I.E., </=0 YRS OR >0 YRS), THE BWRP REDUCED THE EPIGENETIC AGE ACCELERATION ONLY IN OBESE SUBJECTS WITH A VALUE > 0 YRS (THUS BIOLOGICALLY OLDER THAN EXPECTED). AMONG ALL THE SINGLE DEMOGRAPHIC, LIFESTYLE, BIOCHEMICAL, AND CLINICAL CHARACTERISTICS INVESTIGATED, ONLY SOME MARKERS OF SYSTEMIC INFLAMMATION, SUCH AS CRP, WERE ASSOCIATED WITH THE EPIGENETIC AGE ACCELERATION. MOREOVER, CHRONOLOGICAL AGE WAS CORRELATED WITH DNAM AGE AND VA; FINALLY, THERE WAS A CORRELATION BETWEEN DNAM AGE AND VA. IN CONCLUSION, A 3-WEEK BWRP IS CAPABLE OF REDUCING THE EPIGENETIC AGE ACCELERATION IN OBESE ADULTS, BEING THE BWRP-INDUCED REJUVENATION EVIDENT IN SUBJECTS WITH AN EPIGENETIC AGE ACCELERATION > 0 YRS. BASED ON THE BWRP-INDUCED DECREASE IN CRP LEVELS, CHRONIC SYSTEMIC INFLAMMATION SEEMS TO PLAY A ROLE IN MEDIATING OBESITY-RELATED EPIGENETIC REMODELING AND BIOLOGICAL AGING. THUS, DUE TO THE STRONG ASSOCIATION OF CVD RISK WITH THE EPIGENETIC CLOCK AND MORBIDITY/MORTALITY, ANY EFFORT SHOULD BE MADE TO REDUCE THE LOW-GRADE CHRONIC INFLAMMATORY STATE IN OBESITY.	2022	

4 5095  24 PLASMA PROTEOMIC BIOMARKER SIGNATURE OF AGE PREDICTS HEALTH AND LIFE SPAN. OLDER AGE IS A STRONG SHARED RISK FACTOR FOR MANY CHRONIC DISEASES, AND THERE IS INCREASING INTEREST IN IDENTIFYING AGING BIOMARKERS. HERE, A PROTEOMIC ANALYSIS OF 1301 PLASMA PROTEINS WAS CONDUCTED IN 997 INDIVIDUALS BETWEEN 21 AND 102 YEARS OF AGE. WE IDENTIFIED 651 PROTEINS ASSOCIATED WITH AGE (506 OVER-REPRESENTED, 145 UNDERREPRESENTED WITH AGE). MEDIATION ANALYSIS SUGGESTED A ROLE FOR PARTIAL CIS-EPIGENETIC CONTROL OF PROTEIN EXPRESSION WITH AGE. OF THE AGE-ASSOCIATED PROTEINS, 33.5% AND 45.3%, WERE ASSOCIATED WITH MORTALITY AND MULTIMORBIDITY, RESPECTIVELY. THERE WAS ENRICHMENT OF PROTEINS ASSOCIATED WITH INFLAMMATION AND EXTRACELLULAR MATRIX AS WELL AS SENESCENCE-ASSOCIATED SECRETORY PROTEINS. A 76-PROTEIN PROTEOMIC AGE SIGNATURE PREDICTED ACCUMULATION OF CHRONIC DISEASES AND ALL-CAUSE MORTALITY. THESE DATA SUPPORT THE USE OF PROTEOMIC BIOMARKERS TO MONITOR AGING TRAJECTORIES AND TO IDENTIFY INDIVIDUALS AT HIGHER RISK OF DISEASE TO BE TARGETED FOR IN DEPTH DIAGNOSTIC PROCEDURES AND EARLY INTERVENTIONS.	2020	
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          
5 5213  26 PRESYMPTOMATIC RISK ASSESSMENT FOR CHRONIC NON-COMMUNICABLE DISEASES. THE PREVALENCE OF COMMON CHRONIC NON-COMMUNICABLE DISEASES (CNCDS) FAR OVERSHADOWS THE PREVALENCE OF BOTH MONOGENIC AND INFECTIOUS DISEASES COMBINED. ALL CNCDS, ALSO CALLED COMPLEX GENETIC DISEASES, HAVE A HERITABLE GENETIC COMPONENT THAT CAN BE USED FOR PRE-SYMPTOMATIC RISK ASSESSMENT. COMMON SINGLE NUCLEOTIDE POLYMORPHISMS (SNPS) THAT TAG RISK HAPLOTYPES ACROSS THE GENOME CURRENTLY ACCOUNT FOR A NON-TRIVIAL PORTION OF THE GERM-LINE GENETIC RISK AND WE WILL LIKELY CONTINUE TO IDENTIFY THE REMAINING MISSING HERITABILITY IN THE FORM OF RARE VARIANTS, COPY NUMBER VARIANTS AND EPIGENETIC MODIFICATIONS. HERE, WE DESCRIBE A NOVEL MEASURE FOR CALCULATING THE LIFETIME RISK OF A DISEASE, CALLED THE GENETIC COMPOSITE INDEX (GCI), AND DEMONSTRATE ITS PREDICTIVE VALUE AS A CLINICAL CLASSIFIER. THE GCI ONLY CONSIDERS SUMMARY STATISTICS OF THE EFFECTS OF GENETIC VARIATION AND HENCE DOES NOT REQUIRE THE RESULTS OF LARGE-SCALE STUDIES SIMULTANEOUSLY ASSESSING MULTIPLE RISK FACTORS. COMBINING GCI SCORES WITH ENVIRONMENTAL RISK INFORMATION PROVIDES AN ADDITIONAL TOOL FOR CLINICAL DECISION-MAKING. THE GCI CAN BE POPULATED WITH HERITABLE RISK INFORMATION OF ANY TYPE, AND THUS REPRESENTS A FRAMEWORK FOR CNCD PRE-SYMPTOMATIC RISK ASSESSMENT THAT CAN BE POPULATED AS ADDITIONAL RISK INFORMATION IS IDENTIFIED THROUGH NEXT-GENERATION TECHNOLOGIES.	2010	
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                               
6 3899  24 LATE NEUROLOGICAL CONSEQUENCES OF ZIKA VIRUS INFECTION: RISK FACTORS AND PHARMACEUTICAL APPROACHES. ZIKA VIRUS (ZIKV) INFECTION WAS HISTORICALLY CONSIDERED A DISEASE WITH MILD SYMPTOMS AND NO MAJOR CONSEQUENCES TO HUMAN HEALTH. HOWEVER, SEVERAL LONG-TERM, LATE ONSET, AND CHRONIC NEUROLOGICAL COMPLICATIONS, BOTH IN CONGENITALLY-EXPOSED BABIES AND IN ADULT PATIENTS, HAVE BEEN REPORTED AFTER ZIKV INFECTION, ESPECIALLY AFTER THE 2015 EPIDEMICS IN THE AMERICAN CONTINENT. THE DEVELOPMENT OR SEVERITY OF THESE CONDITIONS CANNOT BE FULLY PREDICTED, BUT IT IS POSSIBLE THAT GENETIC, EPIGENETIC, AND ENVIRONMENTAL FACTORS MAY CONTRIBUTE TO DETERMINE ZIKV INFECTION OUTCOMES. THIS REINFORCES THE IMPORTANCE THAT INDIVIDUALS EXPOSED TO ZIKV ARE SUBMITTED TO LONG-TERM CLINICAL SURVEILLANCE AND HIGHLIGHTS THE URGENT NEED FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF THERAPEUTIC APPROACHES TO REDUCE OR ELIMINATE THE NEUROLOGICAL BURDEN OF INFECTION. HERE, WE REVIEW THE EPIDEMIOLOGY OF ZIKV-ASSOCIATED NEUROLOGICAL COMPLICATIONS AND THE ROLE OF FACTORS THAT MAY INFLUENCE DISEASE OUTCOME. MOREOVER, WE DISCUSS EXPERIMENTAL AND CLINICAL EVIDENCE OF DRUGS THAT HAVE SHOWN PROMISING RESULTS IN VITRO OR IN VITRO AGAINST VIRAL REPLICATION AND AND/OR ZIKV-INDUCED NEUROTOXICITY.	2019	
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                         
7  181  19 ACCELERATED EPIGENETIC AGING MEDIATES THE ASSOCIATION BETWEEN VITAMIN D LEVELS AND KNEE PAIN IN COMMUNITY-DWELLING INDIVIDUALS. OBJECTIVES: TO EXAMINE THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN VITAMIN D STATUS AND PAIN INTENSITY AND DISABILITY IN INDIVIDUALS WITH AND WITHOUT KNEE PAIN, AND TO EXAMINE THE ROLE OF EPIGENETICS IN THIS RELATIONSHIP. DESIGN: CROSS-SECTIONAL ANALYSIS OF DATA FROM THE UPLOAD-2 STUDY (UNDERSTANDING PAIN AND LIMITATIONS IN OSTEOARTHRITIC DISEASE-2). PARTICIPANTS: 189 INDIVIDUALS AGED 45-65 YEARS AND OLDER. MEASUREMENTS: SERUM VITAMIN D LEVELS, PAIN RELATED INTERFERENCE AND CHARACTERISTIC PAIN INTENSITY MEASURES, AND THE EPIGENETIC CLOCK GRIMAGE DERIVED FROM BLOOD ANALYSES. RESULTS: LOWER VITAMIN D WAS ASSOCIATED WITH ADVANCED EPIGENETIC AGING (AGEACCELGRIM), GREATER PAIN AND DISABILITY AND THAT (AGEACCELGRIM) MEDIATED THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN VITAMIN D STATUS AND SELF-REPORTED PAIN (AB = -0.0799; CI [-0.1492, -0.0237]) AND DISABILITY (AB = -0.0669; CI [-0.1365, -0.0149]) OUTCOMES. CONCLUSION: THESE DATA SUPPORT THE NOTION THAT LIFESTYLE FACTORS SUCH AS NUTRITION STATUS PLAY A KEY ROLE IN AGING PROCESS, AS WELL AS THE DEVELOPMENT AND MAINTENANCE OF AGE-RELATED DISEASES SUCH AS PAIN. MODIFYING NUTRITION STATUS COULD HELP PROMOTE HEALTHY AGING AND REDUCE PAIN.	2022	
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                
8 3050  26 GENOME-WIDE ASSOCIATION ANALYSES FOR LUNG FUNCTION AND CHRONIC OBSTRUCTIVE PULMONARY DISEASE IDENTIFY NEW LOCI AND POTENTIAL DRUGGABLE TARGETS. CHRONIC OBSTRUCTIVE PULMONARY DISEASE (COPD) IS CHARACTERIZED BY REDUCED LUNG FUNCTION AND IS THE THIRD LEADING CAUSE OF DEATH GLOBALLY. THROUGH GENOME-WIDE ASSOCIATION DISCOVERY IN 48,943 INDIVIDUALS, SELECTED FROM EXTREMES OF THE LUNG FUNCTION DISTRIBUTION IN UK BIOBANK, AND FOLLOW-UP IN 95,375 INDIVIDUALS, WE INCREASED THE YIELD OF INDEPENDENT SIGNALS FOR LUNG FUNCTION FROM 54 TO 97. A GENETIC RISK SCORE WAS ASSOCIATED WITH COPD SUSCEPTIBILITY (ODDS RATIO PER 1 S.D. OF THE RISK SCORE ( APPROXIMATELY 6 ALLELES) (95% CONFIDENCE INTERVAL) = 1.24 (1.20-1.27), P = 5.05 X 10(-49)), AND WE OBSERVED A 3.7-FOLD DIFFERENCE IN COPD RISK BETWEEN INDIVIDUALS IN THE HIGHEST AND LOWEST GENETIC RISK SCORE DECILES IN UK BIOBANK. THE 97 SIGNALS SHOW ENRICHMENT IN GENES FOR DEVELOPMENT, ELASTIC FIBERS AND EPIGENETIC REGULATION PATHWAYS. WE HIGHLIGHT TARGETS FOR DRUGS AND COMPOUNDS IN DEVELOPMENT FOR COPD AND ASTHMA (GENES IN THE INOSITOL PHOSPHATE METABOLISM PATHWAY AND CHRM3) AND DESCRIBE TARGETS FOR POTENTIAL DRUG REPOSITIONING FROM OTHER CLINICAL INDICATIONS.	2017	
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                               
9  546  26 ATTENUATED EXPRESSION OF SLCO2A1 CAUSED BY DNA METHYLATION IN PEDIATRIC INFLAMMATORY BOWEL DISEASE. BACKGROUND: SLCO2A1 ENCODES A PROSTAGLANDIN (PG) TRANSPORTER, AND AUTOSOMAL RECESSIVE PATHOGENIC VARIANTS OF THIS GENE CAUSE CHRONIC ENTEROPATHY ASSOCIATED WITH SLCO2A1. IT IS UNCLEAR WHETHER A HETEROZYGOUS PATHOGENIC VARIANT OF SLCO2A1 HAS A ROLE IN THE PATHOGENESIS OF OTHER TYPES OF INFLAMMATORY BOWEL DISEASE (IBD). IN THIS STUDY, WE INVESTIGATED THE POSSIBLE INVOLVEMENT OF A LOCAL EPIGENETIC ALTERATION IN SLCO2A1 IN PATIENTS WITH A HETEROZYGOUS PATHOGENIC VARIANT. METHODS: WE CONDUCTED WHOLE-EXOME SEQUENCING OF SAMPLES FROM 2 SISTERS WITH SUSPECTED MONOGENIC IBD. IN ADDITION, WE PERFORMED BISULFITE SEQUENCING USING DNA EXTRACTED FROM THEIR SMALL AND LARGE INTESTINE SAMPLES TO EXPLORE EPIGENETIC ALTERATIONS. RESULTS: A HETEROZYGOUS SPLICING SITE VARIANT, SLCO2A1:C.940 + 1G > A, WAS DETECTED IN BOTH PATIENTS. TO EXPLORE THE POSSIBLE INVOLVEMENT OF EPIGENETIC ALTERATIONS, WE ANALYZED PROTEIN AND MESSENGER RNA EXPRESSION OF SLCO2A1, AND OBSERVED ATTENUATED SLCO2A1 EXPRESSION IN THE INFLAMED LESIONS OF THESE PATIENTS COMPARED WITH THAT IN THE CONTROL INDIVIDUALS. FURTHERMORE, BISULFITE SEQUENCING INDICATED DENSE METHYLATION IN THE PROMOTER REGION OF SLCO2A1 ONLY IN THE INFLAMED LESIONS OF BOTH PATIENTS. THE URINARY PG METABOLITE LEVELS IN THESE PATIENTS WERE COMPARABLE TO THOSE IN PATIENTS WITH CHRONIC ENTEROPATHY ASSOCIATED WITH SLCO2A1 AND HIGHER THAN THOSE IN THE CONTROL INDIVIDUALS. WE FOUND CONSIDERABLY HIGHER LEVELS OF THE METABOLITES IN PATIENT 1, WHO SHOWED MORE SEVERE SYMPTOMS THAN PATIENT 2. CONCLUSIONS: LOCAL DNA METHYLATION ATTENUATED SLCO2A1 EXPRESSION, WHICH MAY EVOKE LOCAL INFLAMMATION OF THE MUCOSA BY THE UNINCORPORATED PG. THESE FINDINGS MAY IMPROVE OUR UNDERSTANDING OF THE EPIGENETIC MECHANISMS UNDERLYING IBD DEVELOPMENT.	2023	
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          
10 1541  31 DNA METHYLATION IN GENES OF LONGEVITY-REGULATING PATHWAYS: ASSOCIATION WITH OBESITY AND METABOLIC COMPLICATIONS. AGING IS THE MAIN RISK FACTOR FOR MOST CHRONIC DISEASES. EPIGENETIC MECHANISMS, SUCH AS DNA METHYLATION (DNAM) PLAYS A PIVOTAL ROLE IN THE REGULATION OF PHYSIOLOGICAL RESPONSES THAT CAN VARY ALONG LIFESPAN. THE AIM OF THIS RESEARCH WAS TO ANALYZE THE ASSOCIATION BETWEEN LEUKOCYTE DNAM IN GENES INVOLVED IN LONGEVITY AND THE OCCURRENCE OF OBESITY AND RELATED METABOLIC ALTERATIONS IN AN ADULT POPULATION. SUBJECTS FROM THE MENA COHORT (N=474) WERE CATEGORIZED ACCORDING TO AGE (<45 VS 45>) AND THE PRESENCE OF METABOLIC ALTERATIONS: INCREASED WAIST CIRCUMFERENCE, HYPERCHOLESTEROLEMIA, INSULIN RESISTANCE, AND METABOLIC SYNDROME. THE METHYLATION LEVELS OF 58 CPG SITES LOCATED AT GENES INVOLVED IN LONGEVITY-REGULATING PATHWAYS WERE STRONGLY CORRELATED (FDR-ADJUSTED< 0.0001) WITH BMI. FIFTEEN OF THEM WERE DIFFERENTIALLY METHYLATED (P<0.05) BETWEEN YOUNGER AND OLDER SUBJECTS THAT EXHIBITED AT LEAST ONE METABOLIC ALTERATION. SIX OF THESE CPG SITES, LOCATED AT MTOR (CG08862778), ULK1 (CG07199894), ADCY6 (CG11658986), IGF1R (CG01284192), CREB5 (CG11301281), AND RELA (CG08128650), WERE COMMON TO THE METABOLIC TRAITS, AND CREB5, RELA, AND ULK1 WERE STATISTICALLY ASSOCIATED WITH AGE. IN SUMMARY, LEUKOCYTE DNAM LEVELS OF SEVERAL CPG SITES LOCATED AT GENES INVOLVED IN LONGEVITY-REGULATING PATHWAYS WERE ASSOCIATED WITH OBESITY AND METABOLIC SYNDROME TRAITS, SUGGESTING A ROLE OF DNAM IN AGING-RELATED METABOLIC ALTERATIONS.	2019	
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  
11 6835  20 [INFLUENCE OF AGE OF PATIENTS WITH BRONCHOPULMONARY PATHOLOGY ON LOW-MOLECULAR DNA CONCENTRATION IN BLOOD PLASMA.]. THE AIM OF THE WORK WAS TO DETERMINE THE CONCENTRATION OF LOW-MOLECULAR-WEIGHT PLASMA DNA (LMDNA) IN PATIENTS WITH COPD AND CHRONIC NON-OBSTRUCTIVE BRONCHITIS (CNONB) OF TWO AGE GROUPS - 34-59 AND 60-80 YEARS. THE LEVELS OF LMDNA IN HEALTHY DONORS, PATIENTS WITH CNONB, HEALTHY RELATIVES OF PATIENTS WITH COPD DID NOT DIFFER, WHILE THE CONCENTRATION OF LMDNA IN PATIENTS WITH COPD WAS SIGNIFICANTLY LOWER. IN COPD PATIENTS AGED 34-59 YEARS, THE LEVEL OF LMDNA WAS REDUCED BY MORE THAN 7 TIMES, AND IN COPD PATIENTS WHO SURVIVED TO 60-80 YEARS, IT WAS 3 TIMES LOWER COMPARED TO THE VALUE OF THIS BIOCHEMICAL INDICATOR IN HEALTHY DONORS OF THE SAME AGE. THE REDUCTION OF LMDNA REFLECTED A REDUCED SYSTEMIC APOPTOTIC ACTIVITY IN THE BODY OF PATIENTS WITH COPD. A SIGNIFICANT DIFFERENCE IN THE CONCENTRATION OF LMDNA IN PATIENTS WITH COPD AND CNONB IN REMISSION CAN BE USED FOR DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS OF THE DEVELOPMENT OF THESE PATHOLOGICAL PROCESSES. AN INCREASE IN THE LOW LEVEL OF LMDNA IN COPD PATIENTS DURING AGING MAY INDICATE THE INVOLVEMENT OF EPIGENETIC MECHANISMS IN LIFE EXTENSION.	2022	
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                               
12 2270  26 EPIGENETIC QUANTIFICATION OF IMMUNOSENESCENT CD8(+) TEMRA CELLS IN HUMAN BLOOD. AGE-RELATED CHANGES IN HUMAN T-CELL POPULATIONS ARE IMPORTANT CONTRIBUTORS TO IMMUNOSENESCENCE. IN PARTICULAR, TERMINALLY DIFFERENTIATED CD8(+) EFFECTOR MEMORY CD45RA(+) TEMRA CELLS AND THEIR SUBSETS HAVE CHARACTERISTICS OF CELLULAR SENESCENCE, ACCUMULATE IN OLDER INDIVIDUALS, AND ARE INCREASED IN AGE-RELATED CHRONIC INFLAMMATORY DISEASES. IN A DETAILED T-CELL PROFILING AMONG INDIVIDUALS OVER 65 YEARS OF AGE, WE FOUND A HIGH INTERINDIVIDUAL VARIATION AMONG CD8(+) TEMRA POPULATIONS. CD8(+) TEMRA PROPORTIONS CORRELATED POSITIVELY WITH CYTOMEGALOVIRUS (CMV) ANTIBODY LEVELS, HOWEVER, NOT WITH THE CHRONOLOGICAL AGE. IN THE ANALYSIS OF OVER 90 INFLAMMATION PROTEINS, WE IDENTIFIED PLASMA TRANCE/RANKL LEVELS TO ASSOCIATE WITH SEVERAL DIFFERENTIATED T-CELL POPULATIONS, INCLUDING CD8(+) TEMRA AND ITS CD28(-) SUBSETS. GIVEN THE STRONG POTENTIAL OF CD8(+) TEMRA CELLS AS A BIOMARKER FOR IMMUNOSENESCENCE, WE USED DEEP-AMPLICON BISULFITE SEQUENCING TO MATCH THEIR FREQUENCIES IN FLOW CYTOMETRY WITH CPG SITE METHYLATION LEVELS AND DEVELOPED A COMPUTATIONAL MODEL TO PREDICT CD8(+) TEMRA CELL PROPORTIONS FROM WHOLE BLOOD GENOMIC DNA. OUR FINDINGS CONFIRM THE ASSOCIATION OF CD8(+) TEMRA AND ITS SUBSETS WITH CMV INFECTION AND PROVIDE A NOVEL TOOL FOR THEIR HIGH THROUGHPUT EPIGENETIC QUANTIFICATION AS A BIOMARKER OF IMMUNOSENESCENCE.	2022	
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                               
13 5845  29 STUDY PROTOCOL FOR THE EPIGENETIC CHARACTERIZATION OF ANGOR PECTORIS ACCORDING TO THE AFFECTED CORONARY COMPARTMENT: GLOBAL AND COMPREHENSIVE ASSESSMENT OF THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN INVASIVE CORONARY PHYSIOLOGY AND MICRORNAS. BACKGROUND: MICRORNAS (MIRNAS) ARE NONCODING RNAS INVOLVED IN POST-TRANSCRIPTIONAL GENETIC REGULATION WITH A PROPOSED ROLE IN INTERCELLULAR COMMUNICATION. MIRNAS ARE CONSIDERED PROMISING BIOMARKERS IN ISCHEMIC HEART DISEASE. INVASIVE PHYSIOLOGICAL EVALUATION ALLOWS A PRECISE ASSESSMENT OF EACH AFFECTED CORONARY COMPARTMENT. ALTHOUGH SOME STUDIES HAVE ASSOCIATED THE EXPRESSION OF CIRCULATING MIRNAS WITH INVASIVE PHYSIOLOGICAL INDEXES, THEIR GLOBAL RELATIONSHIP WITH CORONARY COMPARTMENTS HAS NOT BEEN ASSESSED. HERE, WE WILL EVALUATE CIRCULATING MIRNAS PROFILES ACCORDING TO THE CORONARY PATTERN OF THE VASCULAR COMPARTMENT AFFECTATION. STUDY AND DESIGN: THIS IS AN INVESTIGATOR-INITIATED, MULTICENTRE, DESCRIPTIVE STUDY TO BE CONDUCTED AT THREE CENTRES IN SPAIN (NCT05374694). THE STUDY WILL INCLUDE ONE HUNDRED CONSECUTIVE PATIENTS OLDER THAN 18 YEARS WITH CHEST PAIN OF PRESUMED CORONARY CAUSE UNDERGOING INVASIVE PHYSIOLOGICAL EVALUATION, INCLUDING FRACTIONAL FLOW RESERVE (FFR) AND INDEX OF MICROVASCULAR RESISTANCE (IMR). PATIENTS WILL BE INITIALLY CLASSIFIED INTO FOUR GROUPS, ACCORDING TO FFR AND IMR: MACROVASCULAR AND MICROVASCULAR AFFECTATION (FFR</=0.80 / IMR>/=25), ISOLATED MACROVASCULAR AFFECTATION (FFR</=0.80 / IMR<25), ISOLATED MICROVASCULAR AFFECTATION (FFR>0.80 / IMR >/=25) AND NORMAL CORONARY INDEXES (FFR>0.80 / IMR<25). PATIENTS WITH ISOLATED MICROVASCULAR AFFECTATION OR NORMAL INDEXES WILL ALSO UNDERGO THE ACETYLCHOLINE TEST AND MAY BE RECLASSIFIED AS A FIFTH GROUP IN THE PRESENCE OF SPASM. A PANEL OF MIRNAS PREVIOUSLY ASSOCIATED WITH MOLECULAR MECHANISMS LINKED TO CHRONIC CORONARY SYNDROME WILL BE ANALYSED USING RT-QPCR. CONCLUSIONS: THE RESULTS OF THIS STUDY WILL IDENTIFY MIRNA PROFILES ASSOCIATED WITH PATTERNS OF CORONARY AFFECTATION AND WILL CONTRIBUTE TO A BETTER UNDERSTANDING OF THE MECHANISTIC PATHWAYS OF CORONARY PATHOLOGY.	2023	
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      
14 2568  25 EPIGENETICS OF ALCOHOL-RELATED LIVER DISEASES. ALCOHOL-RELATED LIVER DISEASE (ARLD) IS A PRIMARY CAUSE OF CHRONIC LIVER DISEASE IN THE UNITED STATES. DESPITE ADVANCES IN THE DIAGNOSIS AND MANAGEMENT OF ARLD, IT REMAINS A MAJOR PUBLIC HEALTH PROBLEM ASSOCIATED WITH SIGNIFICANT MORBIDITY AND MORTALITY, EMPHASISING THE NEED TO ADOPT NOVEL APPROACHES TO THE STUDY OF ARLD AND ITS COMPLICATIONS. EPIGENETIC CHANGES ARE INCREASINGLY BEING RECOGNISED AS CONTRIBUTING TO THE PATHOGENESIS OF MULTIPLE DISEASE STATES. HARNESSING THE POWER OF INNOVATIVE TECHNOLOGIES FOR THE STUDY OF EPIGENETICS (E.G., NEXT-GENERATION SEQUENCING, DNA METHYLATION ASSAYS, HISTONE MODIFICATION PROFILING AND COMPUTATIONAL TECHNIQUES LIKE MACHINE LEARNING) HAS RESULTED IN A SEISMIC SHIFT IN OUR UNDERSTANDING OF THE PATHOPHYSIOLOGY OF ARLD. KNOWLEDGE OF THESE TECHNIQUES AND ADVANCES IS OF PARAMOUNT IMPORTANCE FOR THE PRACTICING HEPATOLOGIST AND RESEARCHERS ALIKE. ACCORDINGLY, IN THIS REVIEW ARTICLE WE WILL SUMMARISE THE CURRENT KNOWLEDGE ABOUT ALCOHOL-INDUCED EPIGENETIC ALTERATIONS IN THE CONTEXT OF ARLD, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO, DNA HYPER/HYPO METHYLATION, HISTONE MODIFICATIONS, CHANGES IN NON-CODING RNA, 3D CHROMATIN ARCHITECTURE AND ENHANCER-PROMOTER INTERACTIONS. ADDITIONALLY, WE WILL DISCUSS THE STATE-OF-THE-ART TECHNIQUES USED IN THE STUDY OF ARLD (E.G. SINGLE-CELL SEQUENCING). WE WILL ALSO HIGHLIGHT THE EPIGENETIC REGULATION OF CHEMOKINES AND THEIR PROINFLAMMATORY ROLE IN THE CONTEXT OF ARLD. LASTLY, WE WILL EXAMINE THE CLINICAL APPLICATIONS OF EPIGENETICS IN THE DIAGNOSIS AND MANAGEMENT OF ARLD.	2022	
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        
15 3390  28 HOPX PLAYS A CRITICAL ROLE IN ANTIRETROVIRAL DRUGS INDUCED EPIGENETIC MODIFICATION AND CARDIAC HYPERTROPHY. PEOPLE LIVING WITH HIV (PLWH) HAVE TO TAKE AN ANTIRETROVIRAL THERAPY (ART) FOR LIFE AND SHOW NONCOMMUNICABLE ILLNESSES SUCH AS CHRONIC INFLAMMATION, IMMUNE ACTIVATION, AND MULTIORGAN DYSREGULATION. RECENT STUDIES SUGGEST THAT LONG-TERM USE OF ART INDUCES COMORBID CONDITIONS AND IS ONE OF THE LEADING CAUSES OF HEART FAILURE IN PLWH. HOWEVER, THE MOLECULAR MECHANISM OF ANTIRETROVIRAL DRUGS (ARVS) INDUCED HEART FAILURE IS UNCLEAR. TO DETERMINE THE MECHANISM OF ARVS INDUCED CARDIAC DYSFUNCTION, WE PERFORMED GLOBAL TRANSCRIPTOMIC PROFILING OF ARVS TREATED NEONATAL RAT VENTRICULAR CARDIOMYOCYTES IN CULTURE. DIFFERENTIALLY EXPRESSED GENES WERE IDENTIFIED BY RNA-SEQUENCING. OUR DATA SHOW THAT ARVS TREATMENT CAUSES UPREGULATION OF SEVERAL BIOLOGICAL FUNCTIONS ASSOCIATED WITH CARDIOTOXICITY, HYPERTROPHY, AND HEART FAILURE. GLOBAL GENE EXPRESSION DATA WERE VALIDATED IN CARDIAC TISSUE ISOLATED FROM HIV PATIENTS HAVING A HISTORY OF ART. INTERESTINGLY, WE FOUND THAT HOMEODOMAIN-ONLY PROTEIN HOMEOBOX (HOPX) EXPRESSION WAS SIGNIFICANTLY INCREASED IN CARDIOMYOCYTES TREATED WITH ARVS AND IN THE HEART TISSUE OF HIV PATIENTS. FURTHERMORE, WE FOUND THAT HOPX PLAYS A CRUCIAL ROLE IN ARVS MEDIATED CELLULAR HYPERTROPHY. MECHANISTICALLY, WE FOUND THAT HOPX PLAYS A CRITICAL ROLE IN EPIGENETIC REGULATION, THROUGH DEACETYLATION OF HISTONE, WHILE THE HDAC INHIBITOR, TRICHOSTATIN A, CAN RESTORE THE ACETYLATION LEVEL OF HISTONE 3 IN THE PRESENCE OF ARVS.	2021	
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                 
16 4736  30 NOVEL EPIGENETIC BIOMARKERS MEDIATING BISPHENOL A EXPOSURE AND METABOLIC PHENOTYPES IN FEMALE MICE. THERE IS COMPELLING EVIDENCE THAT EPIGENETIC MODIFICATIONS LINK DEVELOPMENTAL ENVIRONMENTAL INSULTS TO ADULT DISEASE SUSCEPTIBILITY. ANIMAL STUDIES HAVE ASSOCIATED PERINATAL BISPHENOL A (BPA) EXPOSURE TO ALTERED DNA METHYLATION, BUT THESE STUDIES ARE OFTEN LIMITED TO CANDIDATE GENE AND GLOBAL NON-LOCI-SPECIFIC APPROACHES. BY USING AN EPIGENOME-WIDE DISCOVERY PLATFORM, WE ELUCIDATED EPIGENETIC ALTERATIONS IN LIVER TISSUE FROM ADULT MICE OFFSPRING (10 MONTHS) FOLLOWING PERINATAL BPA EXPOSURE AT HUMAN PHYSIOLOGICALLY RELEVANT DOSES (50-NG, 50-MUG, AND 50-MG BPA/KG DIET). BIOLOGICAL PATHWAY ANALYSIS IDENTIFIED AN ENRICHMENT OF SIGNIFICANT DIFFERENTIALLY METHYLATED REGIONS IN METABOLIC PATHWAYS AMONG FEMALES. FURTHERMORE, THROUGH THE USE OF TOP ENRICHED BIOLOGICAL PATHWAYS, 4 CANDIDATE GENES WERE CHOSEN TO ASSESS DNA METHYLATION AS A MEDIATING FACTOR LINKING THE ASSOCIATION OF PERINATAL BPA EXPOSURE TO METABOLIC PHENOTYPES PREVIOUSLY OBSERVED IN FEMALE OFFSPRING. DNA METHYLATION STATUS AT JANUS KINASE-2 (JAK-2), RETINOID X RECEPTOR (RXR), REGULATORY FACTOR X-ASSOCIATED PROTEIN (RFXAP), AND TRANSMEMBRANE PROTEIN 238 (TMEM238) WAS USED WITHIN A MEDIATIONAL REGRESSION ANALYSIS. DNA METHYLATION IN ALL FOUR OF THE CANDIDATE GENES WAS IDENTIFIED AS A MEDIATOR IN THE MECHANISTIC PATHWAY OF DEVELOPMENTAL BPA EXPOSURE AND FEMALE-SPECIFIC ENERGY EXPENDITURE, BODY WEIGHT, AND BODY FAT PHENOTYPES. DATA GENERATED FROM THIS STUDY ARE CRUCIAL FOR DECIPHERING THE MECHANISTIC ROLE OF EPIGENETICS IN THE PATHOGENESIS OF CHRONIC DISEASE AND THE DEVELOPMENT OF EPIGENETIC-BASED PREVENTION AND THERAPEUTIC STRATEGIES FOR COMPLEX HUMAN DISEASE.	2017	
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      
17 2603  28 EPIGENETICS, ENVIRONMENT AND EPIDEMIOLOGY: AN INTERVIEW WITH KARL KELSEY. IN THIS INTERVIEW, PROFESSOR KARL KELSEY SPEAKS WITH STORM JOHNSON, COMMISSIONING EDITOR FOR EPIGENOMICS, ON HIS WORK TO DATE IN THE FIELD OF ENVIRONMENTAL EPIGENOMICS AND EPIDEMIOLOGY. DR KARL KELSEY, MD, MOH IS A PROFESSOR OF EPIDEMIOLOGY AND PATHOLOGY AND LABORATORY MEDICINE AT BROWN UNIVERSITY. HE IS THE FOUNDING DIRECTOR OF THE CENTER FOR ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH AND TECHNOLOGY AND HEAD OF THE ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH SECTION AT THE DEPARTMENT OF EPIDEMIOLOGY. DR KELSEY IS INTERESTED IN THE APPLICATION OF LABORATORY-BASED BIOMARKERS IN ENVIRONMENTAL DISEASE, WITH EXPERIENCE IN CHRONIC DISEASE EPIDEMIOLOGY AND TUMOR BIOLOGY. THE GOALS OF HIS WORK INCLUDE A MECHANISTIC UNDERSTANDING OF INDIVIDUAL SUSCEPTIBILITY TO EXPOSURE-RELATED CANCERS. IN ADDITION, HIS LABORATORY IS INTERESTED IN TUMOR BIOLOGY, INVESTIGATING SOMATIC ALTERATIONS IN TUMOR TISSUE FROM THE PATIENTS WHO HAVE DEVELOPED EXPOSURE-RELATED CANCERS. THIS WORK INVOLVES THE USE OF AN EPIDEMIOLOGIC APPROACH TO CHARACTERIZE EPIGENETIC AND GENETIC ALTERATION OF GENES IN THE CAUSAL PATHWAY FOR MALIGNANCY. ACTIVE WORK INCLUDES SEVERAL STUDIES OF INDIVIDUAL SUSCEPTIBILITY TO CANCER. DR KELSEY'S LABORATORY MAINLY INVESTIGATES SUSCEPTIBILITY TO SMOKING-RELATED LUNG CANCER AND STUDIES MULTI-RACIAL AND ETHNIC POPULATIONS. IN ADDITION, THE LABORATORY IS ALSO INVOLVED WITH THE STUDY OF INHERITED SUSCEPTIBILITY TO BRAIN TUMORS AND PANCREATIC CANCER. MAJOR CASE CONTROL STUDIES THAT ARE ONGOING IN THE LABORATORY INCLUDE STUDIES DESIGNED TO UNDERSTAND INHERITED AND ACQUIRED SUSCEPTIBILITY IN HEAD AND NECK CANCERS. THE LABORATORY IS ALSO INVOLVED IN A CASE CONTROL STUDY OF ASBESTOS-ASSOCIATED MESOTHELIOMA, ARSENIC EXPOSURE, CIGARETTE SMOKING AND BLADDER CANCER. CONSIDERABLE WORK IS BEING DEVOTED TO UNDERSTANDING THE MECHANISMS OF ACTION OF BOTH ASBESTOS AND ARSENIC INCLUDING THEIR ABILITY TO AFFECT PROMOTER METHYLATION AND GENE SILENCING IN CARCINOGENESIS. RECENT LABORATORY STUDIES INCLUDES AN INTEREST IN USING NEWLY DEVELOPED DNA METHYLATION BIOMARKERS TO PROBE IMMUNE PROFILES FROM ARCHIVED BLOOD. DR KELSEY RECEIVED HIS MD FROM THE UNIVERSITY OF MINNESOTA AND MASTERS OF OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH FROM HARVARD UNIVERSITY.	2022	
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                             
18 3537  33 IMMUNE DYSREGULATION IN KABUKI SYNDROME: A CASE REPORT OF EVANS SYNDROME AND HYPOGAMMAGLOBULINEMIA. KABUKI SYNDROME (KS) IS A RARE MULTISYSTEMIC DISEASE DUE TO MUTATIONS IN THE KMT2D OR KDM6A GENES, WHICH ACT AS EPIGENETIC MODULATORS OF DIFFERENT PROCESSES, INCLUDING IMMUNE RESPONSE. THE SYNDROME IS CHARACTERIZED BY ANOMALIES IN MULTIPLE ORGAN SYSTEMS, AND IT IS ASSOCIATED WITH AUTOIMMUNE AND INFLAMMATORY DISORDERS, AND AN UNDERLYING IMMUNOLOGICAL PHENOTYPE CHARACTERIZED BY IMMUNODEFICIENCY AND IMMUNE DYSREGULATION. UP TO 17% OF KS PATIENTS PRESENT WITH IMMUNE THROMBOCYTOPENIA CHARACTERIZED BY A SEVERE, CHRONIC OR RELAPSING COURSE, AND OFTEN ASSOCIATED TO OTHER HEMATOLOGICAL AUTOIMMUNE DISEASES INCLUDING AUTOIMMUNE HEMOLYTIC ANEMIA, EVENTUALLY RESULTING IN EVANS SYNDROME (ES). A 23-YEAR-OLD WOMAN, CLINICALLY DIAGNOSED WITH KS AND PRESENTING FROM THE AGE OF 3 YEARS WITH ES WAS REFERRED TO THE RARE DISEASES CENTRE OF OUR PEDIATRIC DEPARTMENT FOR CORTICOSTEROID-INDUCED HYPERGLYCEMIA. SEVERAL ES RELAPSES AND RECURRENT RESPIRATORY INFECTIONS IN THE PREVIOUS YEARS WERE REPORTED. SEVERE HYPOGAMMAGLOBULINEMIA, SPLENOMEGALY AND SIGNS OF CHRONIC LUNG INFLAMMATION WERE DIAGNOSED ONLY AT THE TIME OF OUR OBSERVATION. SUPPORTIVE TREATMENT WITH AMOXICILLIN-CLAVULANATE PROPHYLAXIS AND RECOMBINANT HUMAN HYALURONIDASE-FACILITATED SUBCUTANEOUS IMMUNOGLOBULIN REPLACEMENT WERE IMMEDIATELY STARTED. IN KS PATIENTS, THE FAILURE OF B-CELL DEVELOPMENT AND THE LACK OF AUTOREACTIVE IMMUNE CELLS SUPPRESSION CAN LEAD TO IMMUNODEFICIENCY AND AUTOIMMUNITY THAT MAY BE UNDIAGNOSED FOR A LONG TIME. OUR PATIENT'S CASE IS PARADIGMATIC SINCE SHE PRESENTED WITH PREVENTABLE MORBIDITY AND SEVERE LUNG DISEASE YEARS AFTER DISEASE ONSET. THIS CASE EMPHASIZES THE IMPORTANCE OF SUSPECTING IMMUNE DYSREGULATION IN KS. PATHOGENESIS AND IMMUNOLOGICAL COMPLICATIONS OF KS ARE DISCUSSED. MOREOVER, THE NEED TO PERFORM IMMUNOLOGIC EVALUATIONS IS HIGHLIGHTED BOTH AT THE TIME OF KS DIAGNOSIS AND DURING DISEASE FOLLOW-UP, IN ORDER TO ALLOW PROPER TREATMENT WHILE INTERCEPTING AVOIDABLE MORBIDITY IN THESE PATIENTS.	2023	
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        
19 5464  25 RESILIENCE IN LONG-TERM VIRAL INFECTION: GENETIC DETERMINANTS AND INTERACTIONS. VIRUS-INDUCED NEUROLOGICAL SEQUELAE RESULTING FROM INFECTION BY THEILER'S MURINE ENCEPHALOMYELITIS VIRUS (TMEV) ARE USED FOR STUDYING HUMAN CONDITIONS RANGING FROM EPILEPTIC SEIZURES TO DEMYELINATING DISEASE. MOUSE STRAINS ARE TYPICALLY CONSIDERED SUSCEPTIBLE OR RESISTANT TO TMEV INFECTION BASED ON VIRAL PERSISTENCE AND EXTREME PHENOTYPES, SUCH AS DEMYELINATION. WE HAVE IDENTIFIED A BROADER SPECTRUM OF PHENOTYPIC OUTCOMES BY INFECTING STRAINS OF THE GENETICALLY DIVERSE COLLABORATIVE CROSS (CC) MOUSE RESOURCE. WE EVALUATED THE CHRONIC-INFECTION GENE EXPRESSION PROFILES OF HIPPOCAMPI AND THORACIC SPINAL CORDS FOR 19 CC STRAINS IN RELATION TO PHENOTYPIC SEVERITY AND TMEV PERSISTENCE. STRAINS WERE CLUSTERED BASED ON SIMILAR PHENOTYPIC PROFILES AND TMEV LEVELS AT 90 DAYS POST-INFECTION, AND WE CATEGORIZED DISTINCT TMEV RESPONSE PROFILES. THE THREE MOST COMMON PROFILES INCLUDED "RESISTANT" AND "SUSCEPTIBLE," AS BEFORE, AS WELL AS A "RESILIENT" TMEV RESPONSE GROUP WHICH EXPERIENCED BOTH TMEV PERSISTENCE AND MILD NEUROLOGICAL PHENOTYPES EVEN AT 90 DAYS POST-INFECTION. EACH PROFILE HAD A DISTINCT GENE EXPRESSION SIGNATURE, ALLOWING THE IDENTIFICATION OF PATHWAYS AND NETWORKS SPECIFIC TO EACH TMEV RESPONSE GROUP. CC FOUNDER HAPLOTYPES FOR GENES INVOLVED IN THESE PATHWAYS/NETWORKS REVEALED CANDIDATE RESPONSE-SPECIFIC ALLELES. THESE ALLELES DEMONSTRATED PLEIOTROPY AND EPIGENETIC (MIRNA) REGULATION IN LONG-TERM TMEV INFECTION, WITH PARTICULAR RELEVANCE FOR RESILIENT MOUSE STRAINS.	2021	
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                
20 1121  24 COMPARISON OF EPIGENETIC PROFILES OF HUMAN ORAL EPITHELIAL CELLS FROM HIV-POSITIVE (ON HAART) AND HIV-NEGATIVE SUBJECTS. HIV-INFECTED SUBJECTS ON HIGHLY ACTIVE ANTIRETROVIRAL THERAPY (HAART) ARE SUSCEPTIBLE TO COMORBID MICROBIAL INFECTIONS IN THE ORAL CAVITY. WE OBSERVED THAT PRIMARY ORAL EPITHELIAL CELLS (POECS) ISOLATED FROM HIV+ SUBJECTS ON HAART GROW MORE SLOWLY AND ARE LESS INNATE IMMUNE RESPONSIVE TO MICROBIAL CHALLENGE WHEN COMPARED WITH POECS FROM NORMAL SUBJECTS. THESE ABERRANT CELLS ALSO DEMONSTRATE EPIGENETIC DIFFERENCES THAT INCLUDE REDUCTION IN HISTONE DEACETYLASE 1 (HDAC-1) LEVELS AND REDUCED TOTAL DNA METHYLTRANSFERASE (DNMT) ACTIVITY SPECIFIC TO ENZYMES DNMT1 AND DNMT3A. THE DNMT ACTIVITY CORRELATES WELL WITH GLOBAL DNA METHYLATION, INDICATING THAT ABERRANT DNMT ACTIVITY IN HIV+ (ON HAART) POECS LEADS TO AN ABERRANTLY METHYLATED EPITHELIAL CELL PHENOTYPE. OVERALL, OUR RESULTS LEAD US TO HYPOTHESIZE THAT, IN PATIENTS WITH CHRONIC HIV INFECTION ON HAART, EPIGENETIC CHANGES IN KEY GENES RESULT IN INCREASED VULNERABILITY TO MICROBIAL INFECTION IN THE ORAL CAVITY.	2013