1  188 177 ACETYL TRANSFERASE EP300 DEFICIENCY LEADS TO CHRONIC REPLICATION STRESS MEDIATED BY DEFECTIVE FORK PROTECTION AT STALLED REPLICATION FORKS. MUTATIONS IN THE EPIGENETIC REGULATOR AND GLOBAL TRANSCRIPTIONAL ACTIVATOR, E1A BINDING PROTEIN (EP300), IS BEING INCREASINGLY REPORTED IN AGGRESSIVE HEMATOLOGICAL MALIGNANCIES INCLUDING ADULT T-CELL LEUKEMIA/LYMPHOMA (ATLL). HOWEVER, THE MECHANISTIC CONTRIBUTION OF EP300 DYSREGULATION TO CANCER INITIATION AND PROGRESSION ARE CURRENTLY UNKNOWN. INDEPENDENT INHIBITION OF EP300 IN HUMAN CELLS RESULTS IN THE DIFFERENTIAL EXPRESSION OF GENES INVOLVED IN REGULATING THE CELL CYCLE, DNA REPLICATION AND DNA DAMAGE RESPONSE. NEVERTHELESS, SPECIFIC FUNCTION PLAYED BY EP300 IN DNA REPLICATION INITIATION, PROGRESSION AND REPLICATION FORK INTEGRITY HAS NOT BEEN STUDIED. HERE, USING ATLL CELLS AS A MODEL TO STUDY EP300 DEFICIENCY AND AN P300-SELECTIVE PROTAC DEGRADER, DEGRADER AS A PHARMACOLOGIC TOOL, WE REVEAL THAT EP300-MUTATED CELLS DISPLAY PROLONGED CELL CYCLE KINETICS, DUE TO PRONOUNCED DYSREGULATIONS IN DNA REPLICATION DYNAMICS LEADING TO PERSISTENT GENOMIC INSTABILITY. ABERRANT DNA REPLICATION IN EP300-MUTATED CELLS IS CHARACTERIZED BY ELEVATED REPLICATION ORIGIN FIRING DUE TO INCREASED REPLISOME PAUSING GENOME-WIDE. WE DEMONSTRATE THAT EP300 DEFICIENCY RESULTS IN NUCLEOLYTIC DEGRADATION OF NASCENTLY SYNTHESIZED DNA AT STALLED FORKS DUE TO A PROMINENT DEFECT IN FORK STABILIZATION AND PROTECTION. THIS IN TURN RESULTS IN THE ACCUMULATION OF SINGLE STRANDED DNA GAPS AT COLLAPSED REPLICATION FORKS, IN EP300-DEFICIENT CELLS. INHIBITION OF MRE11 NUCLEASE RESCUES THE SSDNA ACCUMULATION INDICATING A DYSREGULATION IN DOWNSTREAM MECHANISMS THAT RESTRAIN NUCLEASE ACTIVITY AT STALLED FORKS. IMPORTANTLY, WE FIND THAT THE ABSENCE OF EP300 RESULTS IN DECREASED EXPRESSION OF BRCA2 PROTEIN EXPRESSION AND A DEPENDENCY ON POLD3-MEDIATED ERROR-PRONE REPLICATION RESTART MECHANISMS. THE OVERALL S-PHASE ABNORMALITIES OBSERVED LEAD TO UNDER-REPLICATED DNA IN G2/M THAT INSTIGATES MITOTIC DNA SYNTHESIS. THIS IN TURN IS ASSOCIATED WITH MITOTIC SEGREGATION DEFECTS CHARACTERIZED BY ELEVATED MICRONUCLEI FORMATION, ACCUMULATION OF CYTOSOLIC DNA AND TRANSMISSION OF UNREPAIRED INHERITED DNA LESIONS IN THE SUBSEQUENT G1-PHASE IN EP300-DEFICIENT CELLS. WE DEMONSTRATE THAT THE DNA REPLICATION DYNAMICS OF EP300-MUTATED CELLS ATLL CELLS RECAPITULATE FEATURES OF BRCA-DEFICIENT CANCERS. ALTOGETHER THESE RESULTS SUGGEST THAT MUTATIONS IN EP300 CAUSE CHRONIC DNA REPLICATION STRESS AND DEFECTIVE REPLICATION FORK RESTART RESULTS IN PERSISTENT GENOMIC INSTABILITY THAT UNDERLIE AGGRESSIVE CHEMO-RESISTANT TUMORIGENESIS IN HUMANS.	2023	

2 1966  40 EPIGENETIC ALTERATION OF PRKCDBP IN COLORECTAL CANCERS AND ITS IMPLICATION IN TUMOR CELL RESISTANCE TO TNFALPHA-INDUCED APOPTOSIS. PURPOSE: PRKCDBP IS A PUTATIVE TUMOR SUPPRESSOR IN WHICH ALTERATION HAS BEEN OBSERVED IN SEVERAL HUMAN CANCERS. WE INVESTIGATED EXPRESSION AND FUNCTION OF PRKCDBP IN COLORECTAL CELLS AND TISSUES TO EXPLORE ITS CANDIDACY AS A SUPPRESSOR IN COLORECTAL TUMORIGENESIS. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN: EXPRESSION AND METHYLATION STATUS OF PRKCDBP AND ITS EFFECT ON TUMOR GROWTH WERE EVALUATED. TRANSCRIPTIONAL REGULATION BY NF-KAPPAB SIGNALING WAS DEFINED BY LUCIFERASE REPORTER AND CHROMATIN IMMUNOPRECIPITATION ASSAYS. RESULTS: PRKCDBP EXPRESSION WAS HARDLY DETECTABLE IN 29 OF 80 (36%) PRIMARY TUMORS AND 11 OF 19 (58%) CELL LINES, AND ITS ALTERATION CORRELATED WITH TUMOR STAGE AND GRADE. PROMOTER HYPERMETHYLATION WAS COMMONLY FOUND IN CANCERS. PRKCDBP EXPRESSION INDUCED THE G(1) CELL-CYCLE ARREST AND INCREASED CELLULAR SENSITIVITY TO VARIOUS APOPTOTIC STRESSES. PRKCDBP WAS INDUCED BY TNFALPHA, AND ITS LEVEL CORRELATED WITH TUMOR CELL SENSITIVITY TO TNFALPHA-INDUCED APOPTOSIS. PRKCDBP INDUCTION BY TNFALPHA WAS DISRUPTED BY BLOCKING NF-KAPPAB SIGNALING WHILE IT WAS ENHANCED BY RELA TRANSFECTION. THE PRKCDBP PROMOTER ACTIVITY WAS INCREASED IN RESPONSE TO TNFALPHA, AND THIS RESPONSE WAS ABOLISHED BY DISRUPTION OF A KAPPAB SITE IN THE PROMOTER. PRKCDBP DELAYED THE FORMATION AND GROWTH OF XENOGRAFT TUMORS AND IMPROVED TUMOR RESPONSE TO TNFALPHA-INDUCED APOPTOSIS. CONCLUSIONS: PRKCDBP IS A PROAPOPTOTIC TUMOR SUPPRESSOR WHICH IS COMMONLY ALTERED IN COLORECTAL CANCER BY PROMOTER HYPERMETHYLATION, AND ITS GENE TRANSCRIPTION IS DIRECTLY ACTIVATED BY NF-KAPPAB IN RESPONSE TO TNFALPHA. THIS SUGGESTS THAT PRKCDBP INACTIVATION MAY CONTRIBUTE TO TUMOR PROGRESSION BY REDUCING CELLULAR SENSITIVITY TO TNFALPHA AND OTHER STRESSES, PARTICULARLY UNDER CHRONIC INFLAMMATORY MICROENVIRONMENT.	2011	
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                
3 1334  38 DEREGULATION OF AIOLOS EXPRESSION IN CHRONIC LYMPHOCYTIC LEUKEMIA IS ASSOCIATED WITH EPIGENETIC MODIFICATIONS. CHRONIC LYMPHOCYTIC LEUKEMIA (CLL) IS CHARACTERIZED BY A CLONAL ACCUMULATION OF MATURE NEOPLASTIC B CELLS THAT ARE RESISTANT TO APOPTOSIS. AIOLOS, A MEMBER OF THE IKAROS FAMILY OF ZINC-FINGER TRANSCRIPTION FACTORS, PLAYS AN IMPORTANT ROLE IN THE CONTROL OF MATURE B LYMPHOCYTE DIFFERENTIATION AND MATURATION. IN THIS STUDY, WE SHOWED THAT AIOLOS EXPRESSION IS UP-REGULATED IN B-CLL CELLS. THIS OVEREXPRESSION DOES NOT IMPLICATE ISOFORM IMBALANCE OR DISTURB AIOLOS SUBCELLULAR LOCALIZATION. THE CHROMATIN STATUS AT THE AIOLOS PROMOTER IN CLL IS DEFINED BY THE DEMETHYLATION OF DNA AND AN ENRICHMENT OF EUCHROMATIN ASSOCIATED HISTONE MARKERS, SUCH AS THE DIMETHYLATION OF THE LYSINE 4 ON HISTONE H3. THESE EPIGENETIC MODIFICATIONS SHOULD ALLOW ITS UPSTREAM EFFECTORS, SUCH AS NUCLEAR FACTOR-KAPPAB, CONSTITUTIVELY ACTIVATED IN CLL, TO GAIN ACCESS TO PROMOTER, RESULTING UP-REGULATION OF AIOLOS. TO DETERMINE THE CONSEQUENCES OF AIOLOS DEREGULATION IN CLL, WE ANALYZED THE EFFECTS OF AIOLOS OVEREXPRESSION OR DOWN-REGULATION ON APOPTOSIS. AIOLOS IS INVOLVED IN CELL SURVIVAL BY REGULATING THE EXPRESSION OF SOME BCL-2 FAMILY MEMBERS. OUR RESULTS STRONGLY SUGGEST THAT AIOLOS DEREGULATION BY EPIGENETIC MODIFICATIONS MAY BE A HALLMARK OF CLL.	2011	
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                
4 4002  41 LOSS OF P120 CATENIN AND LINKS TO MITOTIC ALTERATIONS, INFLAMMATION, AND SKIN CANCER. TUMOR FORMATION INVOLVES EPIGENETIC MODIFICATIONS AND MICROENVIRONMENTAL CHANGES AS WELL AS CUMULATIVE GENETIC ALTERATIONS ENCOMPASSING SOMATIC MUTATIONS, LOSS OF HETEROZYGOSITY, AND ANEUPLOIDY. HERE, WE SHOW THAT CONDITIONAL TARGETING OF P120 CATENIN IN MICE LEADS TO PROGRESSIVE DEVELOPMENT OF SKIN NEOPLASIAS ASSOCIATED WITH INTRINSIC NF-KAPPAB ACTIVATION. WE FIND THAT, SIMILARLY, SQUAMOUS CELL CARCINOMAS IN HUMANS DISPLAY ALTERED P120 AND ACTIVATED NF-KAPPAB. WE SHOW THAT EPIDERMAL HYPERPROLIFERATION ARISING FROM P120 LOSS CAN BE ABROGATED BY IKAPPAB KINASE 2 INHIBITORS. ALTHOUGH THIS UNDERSCORES THE IMPORTANCE OF THIS PATHWAY, THE ROLE OF NF-KAPPAB IN HYPERPROLIFERATION APPEARS ROOTED IN ITS IMPACT ON EPIDERMAL MICROENVIRONMENT BECAUSE AS P120-NULL KERATINOCYTES DISPLAY A GROWTH-ARRESTED PHENOTYPE IN CULTURE. WE TRACE THIS TO A MITOTIC DEFECT, RESULTING IN UNSTABLE, BINUCLEATED CELLS IN VITRO AND IN VIVO. WE SHOW THAT THE ABNORMAL MITOSES CAN BE AMELIORATED BY INHIBITING RHOA, THE ACTIVITY OF WHICH IS ABNORMALLY HIGH. CONVERSELY, WE CAN ELICIT SUCH MITOTIC DEFECTS IN CONTROL KERATINOCYTES BY ELEVATING RHOA ACTIVITY. THE ABILITY OF P120 DEFICIENCY TO ELICIT MITOTIC ALTERATIONS AND CHRONIC INFLAMMATORY RESPONSES, THAT TOGETHER MAY FACILITATE THE DEVELOPMENT OF GENETIC INSTABILITY IN VIVO, PROVIDES INSIGHTS INTO WHY IT FIGURES SO PROMINENTLY IN SKIN CANCER PROGRESSION.	2008	
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                
5 5101  38 POLYCOMB FACTOR PHF19 CONTROLS CELL GROWTH AND DIFFERENTIATION TOWARD ERYTHROID PATHWAY IN CHRONIC MYELOID LEUKEMIA CELLS. POLYCOMB GROUP (PCG) OF PROTEINS ARE A GROUP OF HIGHLY CONSERVED EPIGENETIC REGULATORS INVOLVED IN MANY BIOLOGICAL FUNCTIONS, SUCH AS EMBRYONIC DEVELOPMENT, CELL PROLIFERATION, AND ADULT STEM CELL DETERMINATION. PHD FINGER PROTEIN 19 (PHF19) IS AN ASSOCIATED FACTOR OF POLYCOMB REPRESSOR COMPLEX 2 (PRC2), OFTEN UPREGULATED IN HUMAN CANCERS. IN PARTICULAR, MYELOID LEUKEMIA CELL LINES SHOW INCREASED LEVELS OF PHF19, YET LITTLE IS KNOWN ABOUT ITS FUNCTION. HERE, WE HAVE CHARACTERIZED THE ROLE OF PHF19 IN MYELOID LEUKEMIA CELLS. WE DEMONSTRATED THAT PHF19 DEPLETION DECREASES CELL PROLIFERATION AND PROMOTES CHRONIC MYELOID LEUKEMIA (CML) DIFFERENTIATION. MECHANISTICALLY, WE HAVE SHOWN HOW PHF19 REGULATES THE PROLIFERATION OF CML THROUGH A DIRECT REGULATION OF THE CELL CYCLE INHIBITOR P21. FURTHERMORE, WE OBSERVED THAT MTF2, A PHF19 HOMOLOG, PARTIALLY COMPENSATES FOR PHF19 DEPLETION IN A SUBSET OF TARGET GENES, INSTRUCTING SPECIFIC ERYTHROID DIFFERENTIATION. TAKEN TOGETHER, OUR RESULTS SHOW THAT PHF19 IS A KEY TRANSCRIPTIONAL REGULATOR FOR CELL FATE DETERMINATION AND COULD BE A POTENTIAL THERAPEUTIC TARGET FOR MYELOID LEUKEMIA TREATMENT.	2021	
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              
6 6294  32 THE PROINFLAMMATORY CYTOKINE TNFALPHA INDUCES DNA DEMETHYLATION-DEPENDENT AND -INDEPENDENT ACTIVATION OF INTERLEUKIN-32 EXPRESSION. IL-32 IS A CYTOKINE INVOLVED IN PROINFLAMMATORY IMMUNE RESPONSES TO BACTERIAL AND VIRAL INFECTIONS. HOWEVER, THE ROLE OF EPIGENETIC EVENTS IN THE REGULATION OF IL-32 GENE EXPRESSION IS UNDERSTUDIED. HERE WE SHOW THAT IL-32 IS REPRESSED BY DNA METHYLATION IN HEK293 CELLS. USING CHIP SEQUENCING, LOCUS-SPECIFIC METHYLATION ANALYSIS, CRISPR/CAS9-MEDIATED GENOME EDITING, AND RT-QPCR (QUANTITATIVE RT-PCR) AND IMMUNOBLOT ASSAYS, WE FOUND THAT SHORT-TERM TREATMENT (A FEW HOURS) WITH THE PROINFLAMMATORY CYTOKINE TUMOR NECROSIS FACTOR ALPHA (TNFALPHA) ACTIVATES IL-32 IN A DNA DEMETHYLATION-INDEPENDENT MANNER. IN CONTRAST, PROLONGED TNFALPHA TREATMENT (SEVERAL DAYS) INDUCED DNA DEMETHYLATION AT THE PROMOTER AND A CPG ISLAND IN THE IL-32 GENE IN A TET (TEN-ELEVEN TRANSLOCATION) FAMILY ENZYME- AND NF-KAPPAB-DEPENDENT MANNER. NOTABLY, THE HYPOMETHYLATION STATUS OF TRANSCRIPTIONAL REGULATORY ELEMENTS IN IL-32 WAS MAINTAINED FOR A LONG TIME (SEVERAL WEEKS), CAUSING ELEVATED IL-32 EXPRESSION EVEN IN THE ABSENCE OF TNFALPHA. CONSIDERING THAT IL-32 CAN, IN TURN, INDUCE TNFALPHA EXPRESSION, WE SPECULATE THAT SUCH FEEDFORWARD EVENTS MAY CONTRIBUTE TO THE TRANSITION FROM AN ACUTE INFLAMMATORY RESPONSE TO CHRONIC INFLAMMATION.	2019	
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          
7 3762  40 INTEGRATING THE TUMOR-SUPPRESSIVE ACTIVITY OF MASPIN WITH P53 IN RETUNING THE EPITHELIAL HOMEOSTASIS: A WORKING HYPOTHESIS AND APPLICABLE PROSPECTS. EPITHELIAL MALIGNANT TRANSFORMATION AND TUMOROUS DEVELOPMENT WERE BELIEVED TO BE CLOSELY ASSOCIATED WITH THE LOSS OF ITS MICROENVIRONMENT INTEGRITY AND HOMEOSTASIS. THE TUMOR-SUPPRESSIVE MOLECULES MASPIN AND P53 WERE DEMONSTRATED TO PLAY A CRUCIAL ROLE IN BODY EPITHELIAL AND IMMUNE HOMEOSTASIS. DOWNREGULATION OF MASPIN AND MUTATION OF P53 WERE FREQUENTLY ASSOCIATED WITH MALIGNANT TRANSFORMATION AND POOR PROGNOSIS IN VARIOUS HUMAN CANCERS. IN THIS REVIEW, WE FOCUSED ON SUMMARIZING THE PROGRESS OF THE MOLECULAR NETWORK OF MASPIN IN STUDYING EPITHELIAL TUMOROUS DEVELOPMENT AND ITS RESPONSE TO CLINIC TREATMENT AND TRY TO CLARIFY THE UNDERLYING ANTITUMOR MECHANISM. NOTABLY, MASPIN EXPRESSION WAS REPORTED TO BE TRANSCRIPTIONALLY ACTIVATED BY P53, AND THE TRANSCRIPTIONAL ACTIVITY OF P53 WAS DEMONSTRATED TO BE ENHANCED BY ITS ACETYLATION THROUGH INHIBITION OF HDAC1. AS AN ENDOGENOUS INHIBITOR OF HDAC1, MASPIN POSSIBLY POTENTIATES THE TRANSCRIPTIONAL ACTIVITY OF P53 BY ACETYLATING THE P53 PROTEIN. HEREBY, IT COULD FORM A "SELF-PROPELLING" ANTITUMOR MECHANISM. THUS, WE SUMMARIZED THAT, UPON STIMULATION OF CELLULAR STRESS AND BY INTEGRATING WITH P53, THE AROUSED MASPIN PLAYED THE EPIGENETIC SURVEILLANT ROLE TO PREVENT THE EPITHELIAL DIGRESSIONAL PROCESS AND RETUNE THE EPITHELIAL HOMEOSTASIS, WHICH IS INVOLVED IN ACTIVATING HOST IMMUNE SURVEILLANCE, REGULATING THE INFLAMMATORY FACTORS, AND FINE-TUNING ITS ASSOCIATED CELL SIGNALING PATHWAYS. CONSEQUENTIALLY, IN A NORMAL PHYSIOLOGICAL CONDITION, ACTIVATION OF THE ABOVE "SELF-PROPELLING" ANTITUMOR MECHANISM OF MASPIN AND P53 COULD REDUCE CELLULAR STRESS (E.G., CHRONIC INFECTION/INFLAMMATION, OXIDATIVE STRESS, TRANSFORMATION) EFFECTIVELY AND ACHIEVE CANCER PREVENTION. MEANWHILE, DESIGNING A STRATEGY OF MIMICKING MASPIN'S EPIGENETIC REGULATION ACTIVITY WITH INTEGRATING P53 TUMOR-SUPPRESSIVE ACTIVITY COULD ENHANCE THE CHEMOTHERAPY EFFICACY THEORETICALLY IN A PATHOLOGICAL CONDITION OF CANCER.	2022	
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                           
8 3049  36 GENOME-WIDE ANALYSIS REVEALS ZINC TRANSPORTER ZIP9 REGULATED BY DNA METHYLATION PROMOTES RADIATION-INDUCED SKIN FIBROSIS VIA THE TGF-BETA SIGNALING PATHWAY. RADIATION-INDUCED SKIN FIBROSIS IS A DETRIMENTAL AND CHRONIC DISORDER THAT OCCURS AFTER RADIATION EXPOSURE. DNA METHYLATION HAS BEEN CHARACTERIZED AS AN IMPORTANT REGULATORY MECHANISM OF MULTIPLE PATHOLOGICAL PROCESSES. IN THIS STUDY, WE COMPARED THE GENOME-WIDE DNA METHYLATION STATUS IN RADIATION-INDUCED FIBROTIC SKIN AND ADJACENT NORMAL TISSUES OF RATS BY METHYLATED DNA IMMUNOPRECIPITATION SEQUENCING. RADIATION-INDUCED FIBROTIC SKIN SHOWED DIFFERENTIALLY METHYLATED REGIONS ASSOCIATED WITH 3,650 PROTEIN-CODING GENES, 72 MICRORNAS, 5,836 LONG NONCODING RNAS AND 3 PIWI-INTERACTING RNAS. BY INTEGRATING THE MRNA AND METHYLATION PROFILES, THE ZINC TRANSPORTER SLC39A9/ZIP9 WAS INVESTIGATED IN GREATER DETAIL. THE PROTEIN LEVEL OF ZIP9 WAS INCREASED IN IRRADIATED SKIN TISSUES OF HUMANS, MONKEYS, AND RATS, ESPECIALLY IN RADIOGENIC FIBROTIC SKIN TISSUES. RADIATION INDUCED THE DEMETHYLATION OF A CPG DINUCLEOTIDE IN EXON 1 OF ZIP9 THAT RESULTED IN RECRUITMENT OF THE TRANSCRIPTIONAL FACTOR SP1 AND INCREASED ZIP9 EXPRESSION. OVEREXPRESSION OF ZIP9 RESULTED IN ACTIVATION OF THE PROFIBROTIC TRANSFORMING GROWTH FACTOR-BETA SIGNALING PATHWAY THROUGH PROTEIN KINASE B IN HUMAN FIBROBLASTS. IN ADDITION, RADIATION-INDUCED SKIN FIBROSIS WAS ASSOCIATED WITH INCREASED ZINC ACCUMULATION. THE ZINC CHELATOR N,N,N',N'-TETRAKIS(2-PYRIDYLMETHYL)-1,2-ETHYLENEDIAMINE ABROGATED ZIP9-INDUCED ACTIVATION OF THE TRANSFORMING GROWTH FACTOR-BETA SIGNALING PATHWAY AND ATTENUATED RADIATION-INDUCED SKIN FIBROSIS IN A RAT MODEL. IN SUMMARY, OUR FINDINGS ILLUSTRATE EPIGENETIC REGULATION OF ZIP9 AND ITS CRITICAL ROLE IN PROMOTING RADIATION-INDUCED SKIN FIBROSIS.	2020	
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                           
9  984  41 CHRONIC PSYCHOLOGICAL STRESS ALTERS GENE EXPRESSION IN RAT COLON EPITHELIAL CELLS PROMOTING CHROMATIN REMODELING, BARRIER DYSFUNCTION AND INFLAMMATION. CHRONIC STRESS IS COMMONLY ASSOCIATED WITH ENHANCED ABDOMINAL PAIN (VISCERAL HYPERSENSITIVITY), BUT THE CELLULAR MECHANISMS UNDERLYING HOW CHRONIC STRESS INDUCES VISCERAL HYPERSENSITIVITY ARE POORLY UNDERSTOOD. IN THIS STUDY, WE EXAMINED CHANGES IN GENE EXPRESSION IN COLON EPITHELIAL CELLS FROM A RAT MODEL USING RNA-SEQUENCING TO EXAMINE STRESS-INDUCED CHANGES TO THE TRANSCRIPTOME. FOLLOWING CHRONIC STRESS, THE MOST SIGNIFICANTLY UP-REGULATED GENES INCLUDED ATG16L1, COQ10B, DCAF13, NAT2, PTBP2, RRAS2, SPINK4 AND DOWN-REGULATED GENES INCLUDING ABAT, CITED2, CNNM2, DAB2IP, PLEKHM1, SCD2, AND TAB2. THE PRIMARY ALTERED BIOLOGICAL PROCESSES REVEALED BY NETWORK ENRICHMENT ANALYSIS WERE INFLAMMATION/IMMUNE RESPONSE, TISSUE MORPHOGENESIS AND DEVELOPMENT, AND NUCLEOSOME/CHROMATIN ASSEMBLY. THE MOST SIGNIFICANTLY DOWN-REGULATED PROCESS WAS THE DIGESTIVE SYSTEM DEVELOPMENT/FUNCTION, WHEREAS THE MOST SIGNIFICANTLY UP-REGULATED PROCESSES WERE INFLAMMATORY RESPONSE, ORGANISMAL INJURY, AND CHROMATIN REMODELING MEDIATED BY H3K9 METHYLATION. FURTHERMORE, A SUBPOPULATION OF STRESSED RATS DEMONSTRATED VERY SIGNIFICANTLY ALTERED GENE EXPRESSION AND TRANSCRIPT ISOFORMS, ENRICHED FOR THE DIFFERENTIAL EXPRESSION OF GENES INVOLVED IN THE INFLAMMATORY RESPONSE, INCLUDING UPREGULATION OF CYTOKINE AND CHEMOKINE RECEPTOR GENE EXPRESSION COUPLED WITH DOWNREGULATION OF EPITHELIAL ADHERENS AND TIGHT JUNCTION MRNAS. IN SUMMARY, THESE FINDINGS SUPPORT THAT CHRONIC STRESS IS ASSOCIATED WITH INCREASED LEVELS OF CYTOKINES AND CHEMOKINES, THEIR DOWNSTREAM SIGNALING PATHWAYS COUPLED TO DYSREGULATION OF INTESTINAL CELL DEVELOPMENT AND FUNCTION. EPIGENETIC REGULATION OF CHROMATIN REMODELING LIKELY PLAYS A PROMINENT ROLE IN THIS PROCESS. RESULTS ALSO SUGGEST THAT SUPER ENHANCERS PLAY A PRIMARY ROLE IN CHRONIC STRESS-ASSOCIATED INTESTINAL BARRIER DYSFUNCTION.	2022	
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    
10 1293  35 DECREASED ERK AND JNK SIGNALING CONTRIBUTE TO GENE OVEREXPRESSION IN "SENESCENT" CD4+CD28- T CELLS THROUGH EPIGENETIC MECHANISMS. AN INFLAMMATORY AND CYTOTOXIC CD4+CD28- T CELL SUBSET INFILTRATES ATHEROSCLEROTIC PLAQUES AND IS IMPLICATED IN PLAQUE RUPTURE AND MYOCARDIAL INFARCTIONS. THIS PATHOLOGIC SUBSET DEVELOPS WITH REPLICATIVE STRESS AND IS FOUND IN PATIENTS WITH CHRONIC INFLAMMATORY DISEASES SUCH AS RA AS WELL AS WITH AGING. CD4+CD28- CELLS OVEREXPRESS GENES NORMALLY SUPPRESSED BY DNA METHYLATION IN CD4+CD28+ T CELLS, SUCH AS KIR, PERFORIN, AND CD70. HOW THIS SUBSET OVER EXPRESSES METHYLATION-SENSITIVE GENES IS UNKNOWN. DNA METHYLATION PATTERNS ARE MAINTAINED IN PROLIFERATING CELLS BY DNMTS, WHICH ARE UP-REGULATED DURING MITOSIS BY THE ERK AND JNK SIGNALING PATHWAYS. WE HYPOTHESIZED THAT DEFECTS IN THESE SIGNALING PATHWAYS CONTRIBUTE TO ALTERED GENE EXPRESSION IN HUMAN CD4+CD28- CELLS THROUGH EFFECTS ON DNA METHYLATION. WE REPORT THAT SIGNALING THROUGH THE ERK AND JNK PATHWAYS IS DECREASED IN CD4+CD28- RELATIVE TO CD4+CD28+ CELLS FROM THE SAME INDIVIDUALS AND THAT ERK AND JNK PATHWAY INHIBITION DECREASES DNMT1 AND -3A LEVELS, WHICH IN TURN, CAUSES DEMETHYLATION AND OVEREXPRESSION OF THE TNFSF7 (CD70) GENE. WE ALSO REPORT THAT CD4+CD28- T CELLS OVEREXPRESS PP5, A STRESS-INDUCED INHIBITOR OF THE ERK AND JNK SIGNALING PATHWAYS THAT MAY CONTRIBUTE TO THE SIGNALING DEFECTS. WE CONCLUDE THAT DECREASED ERK AND JNK SIGNALING IN THE CD4+CD28- SUBSET, ARISING WITH REPLICATIVE STRESS, CAN LEAD TO THE OVEREXPRESSION OF NORMALLY SUPPRESSED GENES THROUGH EFFECTS ON DNMTS AND CONSEQUENTLY, CHROMATIN STRUCTURE.	2010	
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                         
11 1902  41 ENHANCED EXPRESSION OF THE NUCLEAR ENVELOPE LAP2 TRANSCRIPTIONAL REPRESSORS IN NORMAL AND MALIGNANT ACTIVATED LYMPHOCYTES. EXTENSIVE RESEARCH IN RECENT YEARS HAS BROADENED THE FUNCTIONS OF NUCLEAR ENVELOPE PROTEINS BEYOND SIMPLY STABILIZING THE NUCLEUS ARCHITECTURE. PARTICULARLY, INTEGRAL NUCLEAR MEMBRANE PROTEINS, SUCH AS THE ALTERNATIVE SPLICED ISOFORMS OF LAMINA-ASSOCIATED POLYPEPTIDE 2 (LAP2), HAVE BEEN SHOWN TO BE IMPORTANT FOR THE INITIATION OF REPLICATION AND REPRESSION OF TRANSCRIPTION. THE LATTER IS REGULATED BY EPIGENETIC CHANGES, INDUCED BY THE BINDING OF LAP2BETA TO HISTONE DEACETYLASE-3 (HDAC3), RESULTING IN HISTONE H4 DEACETYLATION. INVOLVEMENT OF NUCLEAR ENVELOPE PROTEINS IN PATHOLOGICAL PROLIFERATIVE CONDITIONS, MAINLY THOSE INVOLVING ABNORMAL RECRUITMENT AND ACTIVATION OF HDACS, IS STILL UNKNOWN. IN THIS PAPER, WE SHOW THAT VARIOUS NUCLEAR ENVELOPE PROTEINS ARE HIGHLY EXPRESSED IN NORMAL AND MALIGNANT ACTIVATED LYMPHOCYTES. SPECIFICALLY, RAPIDLY REPLICATING CELLS OF VARIOUS HEMATOLOGICAL MALIGNANCIES HIGHLY EXPRESS LAP2BETA, WHILE SLOWLY PROLIFERATING MALIGNANT CELLS OF CHRONIC MALIGNANT HEMATOLOGICAL DISEASES DO NOT. TAKING TOGETHER THE ELEVATED EXPRESSION OF LAP2BETA IN HIGHLY PROLIFERATIVE MALIGNANT CELLS WITH ITS KNOWN ABILITY TO MODIFY HISTONES THROUGH BINDING WITH HDAC3 RAISES THE POSSIBILITY OF ITS ROLE IN HEMATOLOGICAL MALIGNANCIES INVOLVING ABERRANT ACTIVITY OF HDAC3. BASED ON OUR PRESENTED RESULTS, WE BELIEVE THAT THE LAP2-HDAC REGULATORY PATHWAY SHOULD BE STUDIED AS A NEW TARGET FOR RATIONAL THERAPY.	2007	
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                   
12  102  25 A REGULATORY ROLE FOR CHD2 IN MYELOPOIESIS. THE TRANSCRIPTIONAL PROGRAM THAT DICTATES HAEMATOPOIETIC CELL FATE AND DIFFERENTIATION REQUIRES AN EPIGENETIC REGULATORY AND MEMORY FUNCTION, PROVIDED BY A NETWORK OF EPIGENETIC FACTORS THAT REGULATE DNA METHYLATION, POST-TRANSLATIONAL HISTONE MODIFICATIONS AND CHROMATIN STRUCTURE. DISTURBED EPIGENETIC REGULATION CAUSES PERTURBATIONS IN THE BLOOD CELL DIFFERENTIATION PROGRAM THAT RESULTS IN VARIOUS TYPES OF HAEMATOPOIETIC DISORDERS. THUS, ACCURATE EPIGENETIC REGULATION IS ESSENTIAL FOR FUNCTIONAL HAEMATOPOIESIS. IN THIS STUDY, WE USED A CRISPR-CAS9 SCREENING APPROACH TO IDENTIFY NEW EPIGENETIC REGULATORS IN MYELOID DIFFERENTIATION. WE DESIGNED A CHROMATIN-UMI CRISPR GUIDE LIBRARY TARGETING 1092 EPIGENETIC REGULATORS. PHORBOL 12-MYRISTATE 13-ACETATE (PMA) TREATMENT OF THE CHRONIC MYELOID LEUKAEMIA CELL LINE K-562 WAS USED AS A MEGAKARYOCYTIC MYELOID DIFFERENTIATION MODEL. BOTH PREVIOUSLY DESCRIBED DEVELOPMENTAL EPIGENETIC REGULATORS AND NOVEL FACTORS WERE IDENTIFIED IN OUR SCREEN. IN THIS STUDY, WE VALIDATED AND CHARACTERIZED A ROLE FOR THE CHROMATIN REMODELLER CHD2 IN MYELOID PROLIFERATION AND MEGAKARYOCYTIC DIFFERENTIATION.	2020	
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  
13  493  38 ASSESSMENT OF P53 AND ATM FUNCTIONALITY IN CHRONIC LYMPHOCYTIC LEUKEMIA BY MULTIPLEX LIGATION-DEPENDENT PROBE AMPLIFICATION. THE ATM-P53 DNA-DAMAGE RESPONSE (DDR) PATHWAY HAS A CRUCIAL ROLE IN CHEMORESISTANCE IN CLL, AS INDICATED BY THE ADVERSE PROGNOSTIC IMPACT OF GENETIC ABERRATIONS OF TP53 AND ATM. IDENTIFYING AND DISTINGUISHING TP53 AND ATM FUNCTIONAL DEFECTS HAS BECOME RELEVANT AS EPIGENETIC AND POSTTRANSCRIPTIONAL DYSREGULATION OF THE ATM/P53 AXIS IS INCREASINGLY BEING RECOGNIZED AS THE UNDERLYING CAUSE OF CHEMORESISTANCE. ALSO, SPECIFIC TREATMENTS SENSITIZING TP53- OR ATM-DEFICIENT CLL CELLS ARE EMERGING. WE THEREFORE DEVELOPED A NEW ATM-P53 FUNCTIONAL ASSAY WITH THE AIM TO (I) IDENTIFY AND (II) DISTINGUISH ABNORMALITIES OF TP53 VERSUS ATM AND (III) ENABLE THE IDENTIFICATION OF ADDITIONAL DEFECTS IN THE ATM-P53 PATHWAY. REVERSED TRANSCRIPTASE MULTIPLEX LIGATION-DEPENDENT PROBE AMPLIFICATION (RT-MLPA) WAS USED TO MEASURE ATM AND/OR P53-DEPENDENT GENES AT THE RNA LEVEL FOLLOWING DNA DAMAGE USING IRRADIATION. HERE, WE SHOWED THAT THIS ASSAY IS ABLE TO IDENTIFY AND DISTINGUISH THREE SUBGROUPS OF CLL TUMORS (I.E., TP53-DEFECTIVE, ATM-DEFECTIVE AND WT) AND IS ALSO ABLE TO DETECT ADDITIONAL SAMPLES WITH A DEFECTIVE DDR, WITHOUT MOLECULAR ABERRATIONS IN TP53 AND/OR ATM. THESE FINDINGS MAKE THE ATM-P53 RT-MLPA FUNCTIONAL ASSAY A PROMISING PROGNOSTIC TOOL FOR PREDICTING TREATMENT RESPONSES IN CLL.	2015	
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                           
14 5153  31 PPP2R2B HYPERMETHYLATION CAUSES ACQUIRED APOPTOSIS DEFICIENCY IN SYSTEMIC AUTOIMMUNE DISEASES. CHRONIC INFLAMMATION CAUSES TARGET ORGAN DAMAGE IN PATIENTS WITH SYSTEMIC AUTOIMMUNE DISEASES. THE FACTORS THAT ALLOW THIS PROTRACTED RESPONSE ARE POORLY UNDERSTOOD. WE ANALYZED THE TRANSCRIPTIONAL REGULATION OF PPP2R2B (B55SS), A MOLECULE NECESSARY FOR THE TERMINATION OF THE IMMUNE RESPONSE, IN PATIENTS WITH AUTOIMMUNE DISEASES. ALTERED EXPRESSION OF B55SS CONDITIONED RESISTANCE TO CYTOKINE WITHDRAWAL-INDUCED DEATH (CWID) IN PATIENTS WITH AUTOIMMUNE DISEASES. THE IMPAIRED UPREGULATION OF B55SS WAS CAUSED BY INFLAMMATION-DRIVEN HYPERMETHYLATION OF SPECIFIC CYTOSINES LOCATED WITHIN A REGULATORY ELEMENT OF PPP2R2B PREVENTING CTCF BINDING. THIS PHENOTYPE COULD BE INDUCED IN HEALTHY T CELLS BY EXPOSURE TO TNF-ALPHA. OUR RESULTS REVEAL A GENE WHOSE EXPRESSION IS AFFECTED BY AN ACQUIRED DEFECT, THROUGH AN EPIGENETIC MECHANISM, IN THE SETTING OF SYSTEMIC AUTOIMMUNITY. BECAUSE FAILURE TO REMOVE ACTIVATED T CELLS THROUGH CWID COULD CONTRIBUTE TO AUTOIMMUNE PATHOLOGY, THIS MECHANISM ILLUSTRATES A VICIOUS CYCLE THROUGH WHICH AUTOIMMUNE INFLAMMATION CONTRIBUTES TO ITS OWN PERPETUATION.	2019	
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                   
15 5433  30 REL/NF-KAPPA B/I KAPPA B SIGNAL TRANSDUCTION IN THE GENERATION AND TREATMENT OF HUMAN CANCER. THE REL/NF-KAPPA B FAMILY IS A GROUP OF STRUCTURALLY-RELATED, TIGHTLY-REGULATED TRANSCRIPTION FACTORS THAT CONTROL THE EXPRESSION OF A MULTITUDE OF GENES INVOLVED IN KEY CELLULAR AND ORGANISMAL PROCESSES. THE REL/NF-KAPPA B SIGNAL TRANSDUCTION PATHWAY IS MISREGULATED IN A VARIETY OF HUMAN CANCERS, ESPECIALLY ONES OF LYMPHOID CELL ORIGIN, DUE EITHER TO GENETIC CHANGES (SUCH AS CHROMOSOMAL REARRANGEMENTS, AMPLIFICATIONS, AND MUTATIONS) OR TO CHRONIC ACTIVATION OF THE PATHWAY BY EPIGENETIC MECHANISMS. CONSTITUTIVE ACTIVATION OF THE REL/NF-KAPPA B PATHWAY CAN CONTRIBUTE TO THE ONCOGENIC STATE IN SEVERAL WAYS, FOR EXAMPLE, BY DRIVING PROLIFERATION, BY ENHANCING CELL SURVIVAL, OR BY PROMOTING ANGIOGENESIS OR METASTASIS. IN MANY CASES, INHIBITION OF REL/NF-KAPPA B ACTIVITY REVERSES ALL OR PART OF THE MALIGNANT STATE. THUS, THE REL/NF-KAPPA B PATHWAY HAS RECEIVED MUCH ATTENTION AS A FOCAL POINT FOR CLINICAL INTERVENTION.	2002	
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        
16 3468  45 HYPOXIA-INDUCED DNA HYPERMETHYLATION IN HUMAN PULMONARY FIBROBLASTS IS ASSOCIATED WITH THY-1 PROMOTER METHYLATION AND THE DEVELOPMENT OF A PRO-FIBROTIC PHENOTYPE. BACKGROUND: PULMONARY FIBROSIS IS A DEBILITATING AND LETHAL DISEASE WITH NO EFFECTIVE TREATMENT OPTIONS. UNDERSTANDING THE PATHOLOGICAL PROCESSES AT PLAY WILL DIRECT THE APPLICATION OF NOVEL THERAPEUTIC AVENUES. HYPOXIA HAS BEEN IMPLICATED IN THE PATHOGENESIS OF PULMONARY FIBROSIS YET THE PRECISE MECHANISM BY WHICH IT CONTRIBUTES TO DISEASE PROGRESSION REMAINS TO BE FULLY ELUCIDATED. IT HAS BEEN SHOWN THAT CHRONIC HYPOXIA CAN ALTER DNA METHYLATION PATTERNS IN TUMOUR-DERIVED CELL LINES. THIS EPIGENETIC ALTERATION CAN INDUCE CHANGES IN CELLULAR PHENOTYPE WITH PROMOTER METHYLATION BEING ASSOCIATED WITH GENE SILENCING. OF PARTICULAR RELEVANCE TO IDIOPATHIC PULMONARY FIBROSIS (IPF) IS THE OBSERVATION THAT THY-1 PROMOTER METHYLATION IS ASSOCIATED WITH A MYOFIBROBLAST PHENOTYPE WHERE LOSS OF THY-1 OCCURS ALONGSIDE INCREASED ALPHA SMOOTH MUSCLE ACTIN (ALPHA-SMA) EXPRESSION. THE INITIAL AIM OF THIS STUDY WAS TO DETERMINE WHETHER HYPOXIA REGULATES DNA METHYLATION IN NORMAL HUMAN LUNG FIBROBLASTS (CCD19LU). AS IT HAS BEEN REPORTED THAT HYPOXIA SUPPRESSES THY-1 EXPRESSION DURING LUNG DEVELOPMENT WE ALSO STUDIED THE EFFECT OF HYPOXIA ON THY-1 PROMOTER METHYLATION AND GENE EXPRESSION. METHODS: CCD19LU WERE GROWN FOR UP TO 8 DAYS IN HYPOXIA AND ASSESSED FOR GLOBAL CHANGES IN DNA METHYLATION USING FLOW CYTOMETRY. REAL-TIME PCR WAS USED TO QUANTIFY EXPRESSION OF THY-1, ALPHA-SMA, COLLAGEN I AND III. GENOMIC DNA WAS BISULPHITE TREATED AND METHYLATION SPECIFIC PCR (MSPCR) WAS USED TO EXAMINE THE METHYLATION STATUS OF THE THY-1 PROMOTER. RESULTS: SIGNIFICANT GLOBAL HYPERMETHYLATION WAS DETECTED IN HYPOXIC FIBROBLASTS RELATIVE TO NORMOXIC CONTROLS AND WAS ACCOMPANIED BY INCREASED EXPRESSION OF MYOFIBROBLAST MARKERS. THY-1 MRNA EXPRESSION WAS SUPPRESSED IN HYPOXIC CELLS, WHICH WAS RESTORED WITH THE DEMETHYLATING AGENT 5-AZA-2'-DEOXYCYTIDINE. MSPCR REVEALED THAT THY-1 BECAME METHYLATED FOLLOWING FIBROBLAST EXPOSURE TO 1% O2. CONCLUSION: THESE DATA SUGGEST THAT GLOBAL AND GENE-SPECIFIC CHANGES IN DNA METHYLATION MAY PLAY AN IMPORTANT ROLE IN FIBROBLAST FUNCTION IN HYPOXIA.	2012	
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            
17 6059  32 THE DEVELOPMENT OF A SENSITIVE FLUORESCENT PROTEIN-BASED TRANSCRIPT REPORTER FOR HIGH THROUGHPUT SCREENING OF NEGATIVE MODULATORS OF LNCRNAS. WHILE THE HUMAN GENOME IS PERVASIVELY TRANSCRIBED, <2% OF THE HUMAN GENOME IS TRANSCRIBED INTO PROTEIN-CODING MRNAS, LEAVING MOST OF THE TRANSCRIPTS AS NONCODING RNAS, SUCH AS MICRORNAS AND LONG-NONCODING RNAS (LNCRNAS), WHICH ARE CRITICAL COMPONENTS OF EPIGENETIC REGULATION. LNCRNAS ARE EMERGING AS CRITICAL REGULATORS OF GENE EXPRESSION AND GENOMIC STABILITY. HOWEVER, IT REMAINS LARGELY UNKNOWN ABOUT HOW LNCRNAS ARE REGULATED. HERE, WE DEVELOP A HIGHLY SENSITIVE AND DYNAMIC REPORTER THAT ALLOWS US TO IDENTIFY AND/OR MONITOR NEGATIVE MODULATORS OF LNCRNA TRANSCRIPT LEVELS IN A HIGH THROUGHPUT FASHION. SPECIFICALLY, WE ENGINEER A FLUORESCENT FUSION PROTEIN BY FUSING THREE COPIES OF THE PEST DESTRUCTION DOMAIN OF MOUSE ORNITHINE DECARBOXYLASE (MODC) TO THE C-TERMINAL END OF THE CODON-OPTIMIZED BILIRUBIN-INDUCIBLE FLUORESCENT PROTEIN, DESIGNATED AS DBIFP, AND SHOW THAT THE DBIFP PROTEIN IS HIGHLY DESTABILIZED, COMPARED WITH THE COMMONLY-USED EGFP PROTEIN. WE FURTHER DEMONSTRATE THAT THE DBIFP SIGNAL IS EFFECTIVELY DOWN-REGULATED WHEN THE DBIFP AND MOUSE LNCRNA H19 CHIMERIC TRANSCRIPT IS SILENCED BY MOUSE H19-SPECIFIC SIRNAS. THEREFORE, OUR RESULTS STRONGLY SUGGEST THAT THE DBIFP FUSION PROTEIN MAY SERVE AS A SENSITIVE AND DYNAMIC TRANSCRIPT REPORTER TO MONITOR THE INHIBITION OF LNCRNAS BY MICRORNAS, SYNTHETIC REGULATORY RNA MOLECULES, RNA BINDING PROTEINS, AND/OR SMALL MOLECULE INHIBITORS SO THAT NOVEL AND EFFICACIOUS INHIBITORS TARGETING THE EPIGENETIC CIRCUIT CAN BE DISCOVERED TO TREAT HUMAN DISEASES SUCH AS CANCER AND OTHER CHRONIC DISORDERS.	2018	
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      
18 4837  27 ONCOGENIC GENE EXPRESSION AND EPIGENETIC REMODELING OF CIS-REGULATORY ELEMENTS IN ASXL1-MUTANT CHRONIC MYELOMONOCYTIC LEUKEMIA. MYELOID NEOPLASMS ARE CLONAL HEMATOPOIETIC STEM CELL DISORDERS DRIVEN BY THE SEQUENTIAL ACQUISITION OF RECURRENT GENETIC LESIONS. TRUNCATING MUTATIONS IN THE CHROMATIN REMODELER ASXL1 (ASXL1(MT)) ARE ASSOCIATED WITH A HIGH-RISK DISEASE PHENOTYPE WITH INCREASED PROLIFERATION, EPIGENETIC THERAPEUTIC RESISTANCE, AND POOR SURVIVAL OUTCOMES. WE PERFORMED A MULTI-OMICS INTERROGATION TO DEFINE GENE EXPRESSION AND CHROMATIN REMODELING ASSOCIATED WITH ASXL1(MT) IN CHRONIC MYELOMONOCYTIC LEUKEMIA (CMML). ASXL1(MT) ARE ASSOCIATED WITH A LOSS OF REPRESSIVE HISTONE METHYLATION AND INCREASE IN PERMISSIVE HISTONE METHYLATION AND ACETYLATION IN PROMOTER REGIONS. ASXL1(MT) ARE FURTHER ASSOCIATED WITH DE NOVO ACCESSIBILITY OF DISTAL ENHANCERS BINDING ETS TRANSCRIPTION FACTORS, TARGETING IMPORTANT LEUKEMOGENIC DRIVER GENES. CHROMATIN REMODELING OF PROMOTERS AND ENHANCERS IS STRONGLY ASSOCIATED WITH GENE EXPRESSION AND HETEROGENOUS AMONG OVEREXPRESSED GENES. THESE RESULTS PROVIDE A COMPREHENSIVE MAP OF THE TRANSCRIPTOME AND CHROMATIN LANDSCAPE OF ASXL1(MT) CMML, FORMING AN IMPORTANT FRAMEWORK FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF NOVEL THERAPEUTIC STRATEGIES TARGETING ONCOGENIC CIS INTERACTIONS.	2022	
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                         
19  222  31 ACUTE LIVER STEATOSIS TRANSLATIONALLY CONTROLS THE EPIGENETIC REGULATOR MIER1 TO PROMOTE LIVER REGENERATION IN A STUDY WITH MALE MICE. THE EARLY PHASE LIPID ACCUMULATION IS ESSENTIAL FOR LIVER REGENERATION. HOWEVER, WHETHER THIS ACUTE LIPID ACCUMULATION CAN SERVE AS SIGNALS TO DIRECT LIVER REGENERATION RATHER THAN SIMPLY PROVIDING BUILDING BLOCKS FOR CELL PROLIFERATION REMAINS UNCLEAR. THROUGH IN VIVO CRISPR SCREENING, WE IDENTIFY MIER1 (MESODERM INDUCTION EARLY RESPONSE 1) AS A KEY EPIGENETIC REGULATOR THAT BRIDGES THE ACUTE LIPID ACCUMULATION AND CELL CYCLE GENE EXPRESSION DURING LIVER REGENERATION IN MALE ANIMALS. PHYSIOLOGICALLY, LIVER ACUTE LIPID ACCUMULATION INDUCES THE PHOSPHORYLATION OF EIF2S1(EUKARYOTIC TRANSLATION INITIATION FACTOR 2), WHICH CONSEQUENTLY ATTENUATED MIER1 TRANSLATION. MIER1 DOWNREGULATION IN TURN PROMOTES CELL CYCLE GENE EXPRESSION AND REGENERATION THROUGH CHROMATIN REMODELING. IMPORTANTLY, THE LIPIDS-EIF2S1-MIER1 PATHWAY IS IMPAIRED IN ANIMALS WITH CHRONIC LIVER STEATOSIS; WHEREAS MIER1 DEPLETION SIGNIFICANTLY IMPROVES REGENERATION IN THESE ANIMALS. TAKEN TOGETHER, OUR STUDIES IDENTIFY AN EPIGENETIC MECHANISM BY WHICH THE EARLY PHASE LIPID REDISTRIBUTION FROM ADIPOSE TISSUE TO LIVER DURING REGENERATION IMPACTS HEPATOCYTE PROLIFERATION, AND SUGGEST A POTENTIAL STRATEGY TO BOOST LIVER REGENERATION.	2023	
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    
20 5688  34 SILENCING EFFECTS OF MUTANT RAS SIGNALLING ON TRANSCRIPTOMES. MUTATED GENES OF THE RAS FAMILY ENCODING SMALL GTP-BINDING PROTEINS DRIVE NUMEROUS CANCERS, INCLUDING PANCREATIC, COLON AND LUNG TUMORS. BESIDES THE NUMEROUS EFFECTS OF MUTANT RAS GENE EXPRESSION ON ABERRANT PROLIFERATION, TRANSFORMED PHENOTYPES, METABOLISM, AND THERAPY RESISTANCE, THE MOST STRIKING CONSEQUENCES OF CHRONIC RAS ACTIVATION ARE CHANGES OF THE GENETIC PROGRAM. BY PERFORMING SYSTEMATIC GENE EXPRESSION STUDIES IN CELLULAR MODELS THAT ALLOW COMPARISONS OF PRE-NEOPLASTIC WITH RAS-TRANSFORMED CELLS, WE AND OTHERS HAVE ESTIMATED THAT 7 PERCENT OR MORE OF ALL TRANSCRIPTS ARE ALTERED IN CONJUNCTION WITH THE EXPRESSION OF THE ONCOGENE. IN THIS CONTEXT, THE NUMBER OF UP-REGULATED TRANSCRIPTS APPROXIMATES THAT OF DOWN-REGULATED TRANSCRIPTS. WHILE UP-REGULATED TRANSCRIPTION FACTORS SUCH AS MYC, FOSL1, AND HMGA2 HAVE BEEN IDENTIFIED AND CHARACTERIZED AS RAS-RESPONSIVE DRIVERS OF THE ALTERED TRANSCRIPTOME, THE SUPPRESSED FACTORS HAVE BEEN LESS WELL STUDIED AS POTENTIAL REGULATORS OF THE GENETIC PROGRAM AND TRANSFORMED PHENOTYPE IN THE BREADTH OF THEIR OCCURRENCE. WE THEREFORE HAVE COLLECTED INFORMATION ON DOWNREGULATED RAS-RESPONSIVE FACTORS AND DISCUSS THEIR POTENTIAL ROLE AS TUMOR SUPPRESSORS THAT ARE LIKELY TO ANTAGONIZE ACTIVE CANCER DRIVERS. TO BETTER UNDERSTAND THE ACTIVE MECHANISMS THAT ENTAIL ANTI-RAS FUNCTION AND THOSE THAT LEAD TO LOSS OF TUMOR SUPPRESSOR ACTIVITY, WE FOCUS ON THE TUMOR SUPPRESSOR HREV107 (ALIAS PLAAT3 [PHOSPHOLIPASE A AND ACYLTRANSFERASE 3], PLA2G16 [PHOSPHOLIPASE A2, GROUP XVI] AND HRASLS3 [HRAS-LIKE SUPPRESSOR 3]). INACTIVATING HREV107 MUTATIONS IN TUMORS ARE EXTREMELY RARE, HENCE EPIGENETIC CAUSES MODULATED BY THE RAS PATHWAY ARE LIKELY TO LEAD TO DOWN-REGULATION AND LOSS OF FUNCTION.	2023